Can’t Imagine a World Without Police? Start Here – VICE

Derek Chauvin has been charged with second-degree manslaughter and second-degree murder for the killing of George Floyd, but further calls for justice, for Breonna Taylor, for Elijah McClain, for Layleen Polonco, for Tony McDade, for all victims of police violence, are still coming through loud and clear. In the meantime, though, we need to ask ourselves: When we call for justice, what exactly are we calling for?

Arrest the cops who murdered Breonna Taylor! is a rallying cry that became a gruesome meme, one thats been criticized both for cheapening Taylors death and for the way it plays back into the carceral system: Calling for more policing and more incarceration to deal with the problem of police violence. According to prison abolition activist Mariame Kaba, using the systems that empower police to use violence to also discipline the police who misbehave only perpetuates that violence.

A lot of people, particularly Black women like Kaba, have already put in a lot of thought as to what post-abolition justice should look like. There is already an established framework for how we can replace a system that focuses on punishment with one that focuses on rehabilitation.

There are a bunch of alternatives to arrests and jail time: Community accountability, restorative justice, and transformative justice all offer solutions that serve survivors of harm and demand that perpetrators of harm take responsibility for their actions. They directly address the kinds of crimes that law enforcement supporters think we absolutely need police for, like sexual violence, child sexual abuse, and murder.

Heres a little background on how these modes of justice work and intersect, with plenty of additional reading. (If you already know about these alternatives and are wondering, but how do we do any of this without police?!, skip to the last section.)

Community accountability relies on community members to execute justice, rather than some remote, disconnected authority like a department of law enforcement. According to a working document on community accountability from feminist collective INCITE!, rooting justice in the community rather than outsourcing it to cops (who are statistically unlikely to live in the places they police) prioritizes survivor safety over imposing order, and by doing that, promotes collective action and community building.

INCITE! suggests a range of strategies, including a sanctuary system for survivors; social ostracization of people who commit violence; deplatforming abusers; pushing for abusers to get fired; development of an alternative peer court system to adjudicate issues of violence; and open, honest conversations about violence with friends, family, and other community members.

INCITE! is careful to stress that community accountability isnt one size fits all. Instead, its supposed to provide ideas and to spark the development of additional strategies that may help promote community accountability on the issue of violence against women of color.

For more resources on community accountability, try:

Restorative justice is a term those who followed the #MeToo movement closely may have heard before as a different way to address sexual violence, something our criminal justice system notoriously sucks at doing.

Restorative justice rebuilds the survivors sense of control and agency while demanding accountability from the perpetrator. This generally involves an admission of guilt and an apology, often in public. This directly contrasts with how our courts work now, where a perpetrator may be found guilty, but isnt actually required to admit (or even agree) they did anything wrong, or demonstrate that they understand how and why what they did was wrong.

As restorative justice facilitator sujatha baliga wrote for Vox, people who have been harmed want to hear the person who assaulted them say, Youre telling the truth. I did that to you. Its my fault, not yours. They often want this admission to happen in the presence of both of their families and friends. Most survivors are also looking for some indication that the person who harmed them truly understands what theyve done and that they wont do it again.

To address sexual assault, burglarly, and even murder, baliga says we could use conference circles; confessions in the presence of family members and other loved ones; and facilitated discussions between survivors and perpetrators.

For more information on restorative justice:

While restorative justice focuses more on interpersonal healing, transformative justice means responding to crimes by changing the systems that enable crimes in the first place, in addition to taking care of the people involved.

According to TransformHarm.org, transformative justice breaks down into three parts: supporting a survivors healing process, often via confrontation with the person who harmed them; community accountability, where community members confront their own complicity and build their capacity to support these interventions; and community education and skill-building to prevent future harm.

[Transformative justice] is not only identifying what we dont want, but proactively practicing and putting in place things we want, according to the website. This includes healthy relationships, good communication skills, skills to de-escalate active or live harm and violence in the moment, learning how to express our anger in ways that are not destructive, incorporating healing into our everyday lives.

For more reading on transformative justice:

Theres no one answer to this question, but that doesnt mean its a gotcha moment, because there are actually a lot of possible answers. We might imagine that people who commit crimes will have no interest in admitting guilt or participating in any of the above without the force of police arrests and investigations, but there are indications that that largely isnt true.

The Vox piece above has an instructive example of restorative justice in a sexual assault with no witnesses. Weve seen many such cases over the last few years play out in similar ways: In our legal system, the perpetrator might be found not guilty or be awaiting trial, but the general public ostracizes them; that is, we already have some sense that arrest and the threat of prison arent sufficient solutions. In the Vox pieces example, the assaulter is given the opportunity to apologize and submit to conversations about reforming his behavior, which not only helps heal his victim, but allows him learn to be a part of the solutionbaliga mentions the assaulter sending her a draft of at research paper he wrote on sexual violence.

Because there arent any similar systems formally in place yet, its hard to know if that result is typical. But social workers, medics, and trained facilitators could all pick up a lot of the work normally shunted to minimally trained, unspecialized cops in fact, they already have, though on a smaller scale than the one abolitionists are currently calling for. According to a report from VICE News, programs across the country have already experimented with taking control of mental health crises, homelessness, traffic issues, drugs, and sex work out of the hands of the police and replacing them with more qualified actors.

The difficulty in policing is that we use a one-size-fits-all model, Barry Friedman, who runs New York Universitys Policing Project, told VICE News. Police just arent trained to do a lot of the things they end up doing. They are trained for force and law. So you get force-and-law results.

These new methods of justice very much map onto how we should be dealing with cops whose actions or words have harmed the people they police.

Applied to the police officers responsible for civilian deaths, a community accountability solution could include naming and shaming them (check!), termination from the police force, along with the guarantee that they will be barred from working in law enforcement or security positions for the rest of their lives (or until those positions stop existing). A restorative justice solution could involve police officers sitting down with family members of those theyve injured or killed to acknowledge the immense damage theyve done. A transformative justice solution to police violence? Thats police abolition, baby!

If all of the above sounds like a lot of hard work, thats because it is. That doesnt mean its impossible. Defund, disarm, abolish the police! is easy to chant, harder to envision, and essential to actualize, according to the activists whove been working towards a cop-free future for decades. Using these modes of justice and accountability, though, a better future is only as limited as our own collective imagination.

Follow Katie Way on Twitter.

This article originally appeared on VICE US.

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Can't Imagine a World Without Police? Start Here - VICE