Texas A&M researchers uncover genome sequence of Scarlet Macaw

The results of an avian genome project conducted by a team of Texas A&M researchers were published this month in a scientific journal.

Spearheaded by Christopher Seabury and Ian Tizard at the Schubot Exotic Bird Health Center, which is part of the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, the team studied the DNA of a Scarlet Macaw named "Neblina" in producing the first genome sequence of the breed.

The macaw is a rare type of parrot known for its intelligence, ability to fly long distances and their long lives, with some living up to 75 years, according to Tizard.

Because of their unique characteristics, affectionate demeanor and colorful feathers, the Scarlet Macaw is coveted by illegal pet traders. Neblina, who lives in a Iowa zoo, is believed to be from Brazil and was recovered during a raid on illegally imported exotic birds.

Seabury said the project is significant for several reasons. It's one of just a handful of avian genomes that's been assembled and published in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.

Additionally, the techniques used by the team have the potential to lead the way in future avian genome research.

"We demonstrated that genome projects like this are absolutely feasible for small scientific groups," Seabury said.

He added that by studying the Scarlet Macaw genome in comparison to other known bird genomes, scientists can gain a better understanding of avian biology.

"The Scarlet Macaw Genome Project opens a variety of doors ranging from modern forensics to determining how the macaws utilize their natural habitat and landscape, as inferred from variable genetic markers," Seabury said.

The research also helps define genetic components that influence traits commonly found in parrots such as longevity and intelligence.

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Texas A&M researchers uncover genome sequence of Scarlet Macaw