Tau-Associated MAPT Gene Increases Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Contact Information

Available for logged-in reporters only

Newswise An international team of scientists, led by researchers at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, has identified the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) gene as increasing the risk for developing Alzheimers disease (AD). The MAPT gene encodes the tau protein, which is involved with a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinsons disease (PD) and AD. These findings provide novel insight into Alzheimers neurodegeneration, possibly opening the door for improved clinical diagnosis and treatment.

The findings are published in the February 18 online issue of Molecular Psychiatry.

Alzheimers disease, which afflicts an estimated 5 million Americans, is typically characterized by progressive decline in cognitive skills, such as memory and language and behavioral changes. While some recent AD genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which search the entire human genome for small variations, have suggested that MAPT is associated with increased risk for AD, other studies have found no association. In comparison, a number of studies have found a strong association between MAPT and other neurodegenerative disorders, such as PD.

Though a tremendous amount of work has been conducted showing the involvement of the tau protein in Alzheimers disease, the role of the tau-associated MAPT gene is still unclear, said Rahul S. Desikan, MD, PhD, research fellow and radiology resident at the UC San Diego School of Medicine and the studys first author.

In the new Molecular Psychiatry paper, conducted with collaborators across the country and world, Desikan and colleagues narrowed their search. Rather than looking at all possible loci (specific gene locations), the authors only focused on loci associated with PD and assessed whether these loci were also associated with AD, thus increasing their statistical power for AD gene discovery.

By using this approach, they found that carriers of the deleterious MAPT allele (an alternative form of the gene) are at increased risk for developing AD and more likely to experience increased brain atrophy than non-carriers.

"This study demonstrates that tau deposits in the brains of Alzheimer's disease subjects are not just a consequence of the disease, but actually contribute to development and progression of the disease," said Gerard Schellenberg, PhD, professor of pathology and laboratory medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, principal investigator of the Alzheimers Disease Genetics Consortium and a study co-author.

An important aspect was the collaborative nature of this work. Thanks to our collaborators from the Consortium, the International Parkinsons Disease Genetics Consortium, the Genetic and Environmental Risk in Alzheimers Disease, the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology, deCODE Genetics and the DemGene cohort, we had tremendous access to a large number of Alzheimers and Parkinsons genetic datasets that we could use to identify and replicate our MAPT finding, said Ole A. Andreassen, MD, PhD, professor of biological psychiatry at the University of Oslo and a senior co-author.

Read more:
Tau-Associated MAPT Gene Increases Risk for Alzheimer's Disease