Ovarian Cancer: Mechanism, Mutations and Therapeutic Targets | CMAR – Dove Medical Press

Tao Guo,1 Xue Dong,2 Shanli Xie,3 Ling Zhang,4 Peibin Zeng,5 Lin Zhang6

1Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, Peoples Republic of China; 2Department of Gynecology, Cheng Du Shang Jin Nan Fu Hospital, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, Peoples Republic of China; 3First Peoples Hospital of Guangyuan, Guangyuan, Sichuan, 628000, Peoples Republic of China; 4Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, Sichuan, 628000, Peoples Republic of China; 5West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, Peoples Republic of China; 6Department of Forensic Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, Peoples Republic of China

Correspondence: Peibin ZengWest China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, Peoples Republic of ChinaEmail [emailprotected]Lin ZhangDepartment of Forensic Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, Peoples Republic of ChinaEmail [emailprotected]

Abstract: Ovarian cancer is a common and complex malignancy with poor prognostic outcome. Most women with ovarian cancer are diagnosed with advanced stage disease due to a lack of effective detection strategies in the early stage. Traditional treatment with cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based combination chemotherapy has not significantly improved prognosis and 5-year survival rates are still extremely poor. Therefore, novel treatment strategies are needed to improve the treatment of ovarian cancer patients. Recent advances of next generation sequencing technologies have both confirmed previous known mutated genes and discovered novel candidate genes in ovarian cancer. In this review, we illustrate recent advances in identifying ovarian cancer gene mutations, including those of TP53, BRCA1/2, PIK3CA, and KRAS genes. In addition, we discuss advances in targeting therapies for ovarian cancer based on these mutated genes in ovarian cancer. Further, we associate between detection of mutation genes by liquid biopsy and the potential early diagnostic value in ovarian cancer.

Keywords: ovarian cancer, gene mutation, TP53, PIK3CA, BRCA1/2, KRAS, targeted therapy, liquids biopsy

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Ovarian Cancer: Mechanism, Mutations and Therapeutic Targets | CMAR - Dove Medical Press