Aukus pact to deepen Australia, US collaboration on space technology – The Guardian

The Aukus agreement will boost collaboration between the United States and Australia in space, Australian space agency chief Enrico Palermo says.

Palermo was speaking on a panel with Nasa administrator Bill Nelson which also discussed Australias role in the next crewed mission to the moon, known as Artemis.

Palermo said that Australia signing the Artemis Accords a guide to space exploration principles signed by Australia, the US, and other countries was a sign of its commitment to the rules and norms that seek to ensure the safety, stability and sustainability of outer space.

I should also note that the Aukus discussion is a further indication of the growing depth of collaboration between our two nations and the UK, he said. And we hope this momentum continues with even greater trade and collaboration across the space sector in the near future.

The role of space in Aukus was glossed over initially, as the announcement about ending Australias submarine deal with France in favour of nuclear-powered submarines took precedence.

Shortly after the Aukus announcement Australian foreign minister, Marise Payne, mentioned it briefly.

We and our partners have agreed to deepen cooperation in areas such as equitable vaccine distribution, Covid-19 economic recovery, low-emissions technology, infrastructure investment, critical technologies, education, cybersecurity, space and countering disinformation, she wrote.

Space is a critical part of any future military action because satellites are needed for communication, navigation and weapon guidance. There are fears nations such as China or Russia could target those satellites in any escalation of hostilities, leaving countries including Australia deaf, dumb and blind.

A joint statement issued after Septembers Ausmin meeting noted that the US and Australia recognised the importance of shared capabilities and a common understanding of space-related threats.

There are plans for combined satellite activities and a space framework agreement to expand cooperation on civil research, exploration, and use of space for peaceful purposes.

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According to Australian Strategic Policy Institute defence analyst Malcom Davis, China poses a threat to US, UK and Australian satellites. The threat of hostile and aggressive behaviour in orbit is real, he wrote, and will be critical for the three space powers.

China already deploys direct-ascent, hard kill anti-satellite, or ASAT weapons holding at risk the entire range of critical US, UK and Australian space support in a crisis, he wrote.

Hard kill ASATs physically destroy satellites. Davis warns China and Russia have also demonstrated soft kill attacks that disable or deny access to satellites.

The space domain is critical for a war that is precise, decisive and rapid, reduces the cost in lives lost, and minimises the prospect of failure, Davis wrote.

Reducing the prospect for a successful counterspace campaign and denying China and Russia the ability to deliver a decisive Pearl Harbor in space is probably the most important goal for Aukus. Such an attack would quickly take away any knowledge edge and dramatically boost the risk of rapid defeat, leaving the three states effectively deaf, dumb and blind in a crisis.

Nelson spoke about Australias longstanding alliance in wars, and in space dating back to when The Dish was part of the Apollo missions.

He referred to Australias role in the 1969 moon landing, and promised that Nasa was preparing to announce more details about Australias role in the Artemis mission.

Weve been partnering with the Australian space agency to identify potential collaboration on the moon. Because were going back to the moon. We were there before. But this time, its to stay and to learn and prepare to go to Mars.

Weve identified an opportunity that will enable Australias expertise to align with Nasas exploration capabilities. And its gonna be a great partnership.

Asked to elaborate, Palermo said: Stay tuned.

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Aukus pact to deepen Australia, US collaboration on space technology - The Guardian