Category Archives: Vaping

BEAMSVILLE, Ontario, Nov. 12, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The WHOs Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) provisional agenda for COP9 indicated that talks around tobacco harm reduction products, including e-cigarettes, would be postponed until 2023. The Canadian Vaping Association (CVA) is disappointed COP9 will not discuss the merits of vaping as a harm reduction tool or WHOs flawed recommendations on vaping.

Leading up to COP9, many organizations including the CVA, were critical of WHOs regressive approach to regulating safer nicotine products. Notably, the All-Party Parliamentary Group (APPGs are informal, cross-party groups formed by MPs and Members of the House of Lords), stated that WHOs recommendations were not fit for purpose.

In an APPG report, Chair Mark Pawsey states, it is clear that since 2016 the number of people making the switch has slowed, and last year the number of vapers declined year-on-year for the first time. This retraction in use has coincided with increased negative messaging in the media about vaping and reduced risk products, much of it fuelled in no small part by the position taken by the World Health Organisation (WHO).

The positions of APPG are mirrored by the UK Institute for economic affairs who state on their website, The FCTC Secretariat and the COP meetings are not fit for purpose. In their relentless opposition to vaping and other reduced risk products, they have become a threat to global health, and Governments which recognise vapings potential to save lives should make their case strongly at COP9. If the WHO continues to spread misinformation about e-cigarettes, governments should withdraw funding from the FCTC Secretariat.

The UK Institute for economic affairs also voices the global concern shared by tobacco harm reduction advocates that WHOs recommendations will be used to implement harmful policy. The WHO influences policy worldwide by putting out negative statements about vaping which misrepresent the scientific evidence. These statements are then cited by policymakers.

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Action on Smoking and Health said it best, England is not an outlier on vaping: its a frontrunner. Removing safer nicotine products from the agenda has prevented a critical analysis of WHOs recommendations and stifled a global dialogue on harm reduction. The CVA is extremely disheartened that harm reduction solutions will not be publicly discussed as tobacco use remains the leadi ng cause of death, said Darryl Tempest, Executive Director of the CVA.

Darryl Tempest Executive Director 647-274-1867 dtempest@thecva.org

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Canadian Vaping Association: COP9 will not discuss tobacco harm reduction, preventing a transparent dialogue of WHOs vaping recommendations - Yahoo...

SHENZHEN, China, November 17, 2021--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Chinas leading vaping media, Bluehole New Consumption, today published a feature story on global advocacy for tobacco harm reduction prior to WHO FCTC COP9, while atomization offers promising prospects in healthcare and other fields.

Here below is the full article in English:

The Ninth Session of the Conference of the Parties (COP9) to the World Health Organization (WHO) Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) took place on November 8-13, 2021. During the conference, the delegates debated over measures to reduce smoking-related death and disease.

According to the earlier announcement of the FCTC Secretariat, in this years COP (COP9), evident on vaping and heat-not-burn products will be presented to the Parties, however, no decision will be made until COP10 in 2023.

The WHO FCTC is a legally binding treaty that requires member countries or Parties to implement its measures as calls for more rigorous regulations on tobacco marketing and increased taxation of tobacco products, in a bid to reduce tobacco uses and exposures to tobacco smoke from both demand and supply ends.

In fact, the WHO once recognized in 2020, "completely substituting electronic nicotine and non-nicotine delivery systems (EN&NNDS) for combustible tobacco cigarettes reduces users exposure to numerous toxicants and carcinogens present in combustible tobacco cigarettes."

However, in practice, the WHO has rejected reduced-risk products, such as e-cigarettes, as the real-world strategy to improve public health. Instead, the WHO FCTC exhorts its Parties to impose high taxes and bans on all tobacco products, no matter combustible or non-combustible products. The WHO remains doubtful about e-cigarettes and other reduced-risk products, considering them an industry tool to get consumers hooked on nicotine.

In July 2021, the WHO released a report on the global tobacco epidemic 2021. It is the first time that the organization presented data on electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and argued that ENDS need to be regulated.

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Moreover, WHO FCTC COP9 raised more global concerns over biased regulatory guidance, which will undermine vapings potential to benefit public health, suggesting a step backward for global public health. For example, in the US, cigarette sales rose in 2020 for first time in two decades. Public health experts warn that House Democrats voting on vaping tax without a tax increase in cigarettes will push vapers back to more harmful combustible tobacco.

100 specialists in nicotine science, policy and practice from all over the world has also signed a letter to Parties to the FCTC to encourage WHO to promote the inclusion of tobacco harm reduction into the FCTC. This letter argues that "e-cigarettes are a driver of smoking cessation and tobacco harm reduction presents significant public health opportunities".

The British Chamber of Commerce of the Philippines (BCCP) has also encouraged the Philippines government to join United Kingdom in accepting a science-based approach in combating smoking problem ahead of the WHO FCTC COP9.

As an advocate for Tobacco Harm Reduction, the U.K government recently announces its plan to integrate medically licensed e-cigarettes into NHS prescription to reduce smoking rates. Since 2014, Public Health England(PHE) has issued a series of reports on latest evidence on the effects of vaping products on smoking cessation. The agency also concluded that e-cigarettes are around 95% less harmful than combustible tobacco.

The global adoption of reduced-risk products, including e-cigarette, for the benefit of public health, is inevitable. Global health regulators should seize the "single biggest public health opportunity, according to New York University Professor David Abrams.

In addition, the vaping industry players have also been proactively exploring the applications of atomization technology in healthcare and other fields, transforming into broader atomization healthcare and wellness businesses. For example, British America Tobaccos US bio-tech subsidiary is working on a potential vaccine for COVID-19 while Philip Morris has acquired inhaled-drug firm OtiTopic and asthma inhaler maker Vectura. Committed to building the worlds leading atomization technology platform, SMOORE, the worlds largest vaping manufacturer, is also about to launch its atomized healthcare and beauty technologies in early December.

To read the original article, please visit: https://www.bluehole.com.cn/news/detail/47508

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20211116006457/en/

Contacts

Frankie ChenFrankie.chen@smoorecig.com (86)13530848319

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Bluehole Publishes a Feature Story on Global Advocacy for Tobacco Harm Reduction Prior to WHO FCTC COP9 - Yahoo Finance

COP9 excludes many legitimate perspectives: notably consumers, pro-harm reduction public health experts, policy think tanks and critical economists, libertarians, and commercial entities affected by decisions made by COP,

However, there is an obvious sharp contrast between the two COPs. COP9 is secretive, restrictive and what can only be described as a classic example of group think: a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome.

COP9 has gained a reputation of striving to keep multiple stakeholders out of any discussions. It excludes many legitimate perspectives: notably consumers, pro-harm reduction public health experts, policy think tanks and critical economists, libertarians, and commercial entities affected by decisions made by COP, said Bates of the event.

In contrast, COP26 includes representatives from business and industry, environmental groups, farming and agriculture, indigenous populations, local governments and municipal authorities, research and academic institutes, labour unions, and so on. In other words, it is not hostile to any group, even if their views and goals may be in contrast to those of the convention. Examples of such groups are: the World Coal Association, International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IOGP), Organisation of International Automobile Manufacturers and International Council for Mining and Metals (ICMM).

Bates goes on to list the comparisons in detail:

This insularity is not a feature of the UNFCCC climate COP meetings. A comparison with the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is revealing.

As at 8 November 2021

21 non-governmental organisations (NGOs) [source]

28 Intergovernmental organisations (IGOs) [source]

One observer, the Framework Convention Alliance (FCA) is a holding group for about 300 organisations nearly all of which would not qualify if they had to apply using the current criteria. Its members can attend under the FCA umbrella but they must meet FCAs membership requirements and support its tobacco control vision and mission. This organisation was given de facto permanent observer status under the Rules of procedure 32(1):

Nongovernmental organizations which participated in the Intergovernmental Negotiating Body on the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control and in the Open-ended Intergovernmental Working Group on the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control are accredited as observers to the Conference of the Parties.

This is referring to meetings held in 1999-2003.

No business or consumer organisations have been granted observer status. No organisations critical of the FCTC, its interpretation by COP, WHO, the Secretariat, any parties or tobacco control generally have been admitted. They are ruled out by selection criteria, veto and reporting requirements.

As of 2019 is 2,500 organisations (2,360 NGO and 140 IGOs) were admitted as observers. The NGOs represent a broad spectrum of interests. They include representatives from business and industry, environmental groups, farming and agriculture, indigenous populations, local governments and municipal authorities, research and academic institutes, labour unions, women and gender and youth groups. [source] [list]

Includes Business NGOs likely to be hostile to the aims of the UNFCCC, such as the World Coal Association, International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IOGP), Organisation of International Automobile Manufacturers and International Council for Mining and Metals (ICMM). Does not admit for-profit businesses.

Applicants must be international. This excludes most individuals (e.g. academics) and organisations that support tobacco harm reduction.

They must have aims and activities that are in conformity with the FCTC spirit purpose and principles. This effectively excludes critics.

Rules of procedure 31(2)

31.2. international and regional non-governmental organisations whose aims and activities are in conformity with the spirit, purpose and principles of the Convention, may apply for observer status, which may be granted by the Conference of the Parties, based on the report of the Secretariat, and taking into account the 17th and 18th preambular paragraphs as well as Article 5.3 of the Convention. Such applications should be submitted to the Secretariat not later than ninety days before the opening of the session.

Applicants may be a national body and only have to show they have relevant knowledge, not necessarily a particular policy perspective.

UNFCCC Article 7(6)

Any body or agency, whether national or international, governmental or non-governmental, which is qualified in matters covered by the Convention, and which has informed the Secretariat of its wish to be represented at a session of the Conference of the Parties as an observer, may be so admitted unless at least one third of the Parties present object.

The Secretariat reviews conformance with criteria and makes a recommendation to the COP, which has to agree by consensus. As a result, any party has a veto.

Rules of procedure 31.2

granted by the Conference of the Parties, based on the report of the Secretariat, and taking into account the 17th and 18th preambular paragraphs as well as Article 5.3

The Secretariat reviews applications and makes recommendations to the COP based on capabilities. An applicant can only be blocked by one-third of the parties.

UNFCCC Article 7(6)

may be so admitted unless at least one third of the Parties present at the session object

Observers should contribute to tobacco control efforts.

From rule 31.2 on observers- referring to FCTC text

17th recitation:

Emphasising the special contribution of non-governmental organisations and other members of civil society not affiliated with the tobacco industry, including health professional bodies, womens, youth, environmental and consumer groups, and academic and health care institutions, to tobacco control efforts nationally and internationally and the vital importance of their participation in national and international tobacco control efforts,

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A Comparison Between The Restrictive COP9 And The Science-Based COP26 A Comparison Between The Restrictive COP9 And The Science-Based COP26 - Vaping...

Dr. Richard Feldman| Special to the Courier & Press

We have made significant progress in the battle against tobacco use and nicotine addiction since the 1960s with tremendously falling rates of smoking among both adults and children.

Reducing the smoking rates and progressively making smoking socially unacceptable has been a comprehensive effort involving prevention and cessation programs, media campaigns, smoke-free air laws, increased cigarette taxation, and FDA oversight.

But all this progress is threatened with the introduction of e-cigarette use, commonly referred to as vaping," especially among youth; its nothing less than an epidemic among middle and high school students.

More: Dr. Richard Feldman: E-cigarettes have become a public nightmare

We are facing a public health crisis with the potential of new generations of youth risking lifelong nicotine addiction with eventual disease and premature death. Vaping has been demonstrated to be far from harmless and commonly also leads to tobacco use.

We are in a battle to reclaim our children from vaping.My last column focused on taxation to curtail e-cigarette use. Lets look at another crucial action to discourage vaping among children.

In recent years, renewed attention of the public and policymakers has considerably focused on sweet-flavored vaping products that entice youth to initiate and sustain their use. Examples include gummy bear, fruit, cotton candy, menthol, peanut butter cup, and cookies n cream.

Most flavorings were prohibited in cigarettes by federal regulation in 2009 but have been permitted in other tobacco products including smokeless tobacco, pipe tobacco, cigars, and most worrisome in e-cigarettes. The tobacco industry knows well that these flavorings lure children into use, and their marketing continues today by the vaping industry, largely controlled by tobacco companies. Eighty percent of youth who use tobacco products initiated with a flavored product. Seventy-two percent of youth tobacco users use a flavored tobacco product. Two-thirds of youth tobacco users report using tobacco products primarily because they come in flavors.

The Trump administration pushed for federal restrictions on flavored vaping products resulting in legislation signed into law. What started out as appearing as a substantial and meaningful prohibition eventually resulted in federal regulation with huge gaps, which will potentially result in relatively little effect. There are plenty of exemptions including disposable and refillable products and e-liquids found in vaping shops. The limited restrictions apply essentially only to self-contained closed pod cartridges in products like Juul. Menthol flavoring is also exempted. Over fifty percent of children initiate and maintain their use with menthol-flavored products.

Only five states currently have comprehensive flavoring bans in effect to bolster the current weak federal legislation. To the credit of a number of more public health-minded Indiana legislators, there has been genuine interest in placing a permanent ban on flavored products during past legislative sessions; it should be of no surprise that nothing was enacted.

The federal Food and Drug Administration finally stepped up to potentially restrict flavored vaping products. Recently, the FDA began to exercise its authority with the denials of applications by certain companies to market their flavored vaping products. The applications must include evidence that their products have overall public health benefits, which were lacking. How far reaching this prohibition will be is still unknown.

Dont assume that the recent federal legislation increasing the legal age of tobacco and vaping products to age 21 will solve the problem of youth vaping. Although an important action, just as with alcohol, youth will achieve access to these prohibited products.

Vaping products are todays candy cigarettes. Candy cigarettes didnt adversely affect childrens health, but vaping is a different story.

Dr. Richard Feldman is an Indianapolis family physician and the former Indiana state health commissioner. Email him atricharddfeldman@gmail.com.

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Dr. Richard Feldman: Flavorings lure young people to vaping - Courier & Press

Driving through Brussels in the iconic electric pink 'Vape Bus', the World Vapers' Alliance (WVA), representing vapers worldwide, displayed a powerful selection of quit stories from around Europe. The collection of stories from individual ex-smokers was gathered as part of the Back Vaping. Beat Smoking campaign, which travelled across Europe throughout 2021.

The demonstration brought these messages from across Europe directly to Members of the European Parliament (MEPs), who are currently debating the Beating Cancer plan which may set the direction for anti-smoking policies across Europe.

Michael Landl, Director of the World Vapers' Alliance, said:

"The next few weeks will be crucial for smokers, vapers and public health in general with Europe's Beating Cancer Plan being finalised. We came here today to make sure that vapers' voices are heard and that the MEPs understand the real-life stories of people who have been able to quit smoking thanks to vaping.

European policymakershave the opportunity to make history and save lives if they back vaping as a tool to beat smoking. Our message to them is clear: choose science and save lives," he added.

19 million smokers in Europe could switch to vaping, an alternative that is 95% less harmful, if the European Parliament would support harm reduction tools, such as vaping, in all their future legislation, including Europe's Beating Cancer Plan.

"There is a risk that European lawmakers - under pressure from anti-vaping activists - will introduce laws that would treat vaping the exact same as smoking. This would spell disaster for vapers, for smokers and for global public health. The best way we can beat smoking is to promote vaping as part of public health policies,"Michael Landl concluded.

Notes to editor:

Photo - https://mma.prnewswire.com/media/1688508/World_Vapers_Alliance_in_Brussels.jpgPhoto - https://mma.prnewswire.com/media/1688507/World_Vapers_Alliance_in_Brussels.jpg

SOURCE World Vapers Alliance

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The Voices of Vapers Arrive at MEPs Front Door - PRNewswire

Earlier this year, FCTC organizers had announced that there would be no discussions or decisions around Tobacco Harm Reduction (THR) products at COP9. They highlighted that any related documents should still be submitted for information to COP9. However, any substantive discussions related to smokeless tobacco and heated tobacco products and novel and emerging tobacco products, would be postponed until 2023s COP10.

Naturally many public health and tobacco control experts were outraged by the fact that not are such discussions postponed, but also by the fact that THR representatives were totally excluded from the event. Moreover, Executive Coordinator the Coalition of Asia Pacific Tobacco Harm Reduction Advocates (CAPHRA) Nancy Loucas, said she believes that that discussions and decisions on safer nicotine alternatives will still be taking place at COP9. Its now clear, however, that was a complete pretence aimed at minimizing a growing backlash against the WHOs anti-vaping agenda.

Meanwhile last Friday, the public was allowed a rare glimpse into the secret meeting that they were not allowed to participate in. Of course everything was set by then, such as the fact that the next COP meeting taking place in 2023, will be held in Panama.

Dr. Adriana Blanco Marquizo was re-elected as Head of the FCTC Secretariat and gave a speech which acknowledged that COP9 had experienced many technical issues. Ironically she boasted that COP9 had allowed journalists from around the world to sit in on their meetings, which as CopWatch rightly pointed out is something that should really go without saying. For the FCTC, it seems transparency is a privilege to be granted rather than a right.

CopWatch added that interestingly Marquizo affirmed that it is the parties who make the decisions. The EU spokesperson at the event announced that that the Italian Ministry of Health is donating 130k euros to fund work into the Expert Group on Articles 9 &10 and also for the knowledge hubs.

The article commended sCOPe for streaming brilliant content and giving vapers a seat at the table. The five-day livestream was simulcast via YouTube and Facebook. Presenters and panellists challenged and scrutinized COP9 including whos influencing and funding its efforts to demonise vaping, and why.

Read Further CopWatch

The WHO Cant Afford to Get Wrong Again Yet It Is!

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COP9 Live Streamed Its Final Session - Vaping Post

According to a slew of recent headlines, electronic cigarette users (vapers) are more likely than smokers to have a stroke earlier in life. Adults who vape could suffer a stroke at least a decade younger than those who smoke tobacco, MSN reported on Monday. E-cigarette users have a 15% higher risk of stroke at a younger age than traditional tobacco smokers, according to preliminary findings.

Relying on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2015 to 2018, the researchers identified 79,825 adults with a history of stroke who also smoke and/or vape: 7,756 (9.72%) used e-cigarettes; 48,625 (60.91%) used traditional cigarettes, and 23,444 (39.37%) used both.

The study found that vapers typically suffered a stroke around 48, participants who smokedand vaped (dual users) at 50, while plain ole' smokers experienced a stroke at 59. Thepaper's co-author and chair of the neurology department at Brown University's Warren Alpert Medical School, Dr. Karen Furie,suggested that e-cigarettes aren't as benign as first thought based on the results.

We should always be open to new evidence, and vaping may indeed be more harmful than the existing data show. For now, though, there are several crucial reasons we should be skeptical of this conclusion.

Highlighting the wrong result

First problem: these preliminary findings haven't been published in a journal yet. The authors are scheduled to present their research next week at the American Heart Association's annual meeting, so the data haven't even been released to the public. That prohibits us (as well as the media) from drawing any firm conclusions about the study, though we can make some tentative observations based on the abstract.

While news reports focused on the alleged stroke risk of vaping, here's the most striking conclusion from the study:

Stroke was far more common among traditional cigarette smokers than e-cigarette users or people who used both, 6.75% compared to 1.09% and 3.72%, respectively.

So although vapers and dual-users who suffer strokes tend to have them earlier than smokers, their overall stroke risk is much lower. This makes sense in light of earlier research on vaping and tobacco use. Many studies have showna strong dose-response relationship between smoking and stroke; the fewer cigarettes you smoke, the lower your risk.

Several clinical trials have found that vaping helps smokers cut their cigarette consumption, and smokers who replace some or all of their tobacco use with vaping appear to experience reduced stroke risk. [1] One 2019 clinical trial involving 114 individuals who smoked 15 or more cigarettes daily for at least two years found that switching to vaping (with or without nicotine) led to significant improvement in vascular health within one month ...

Considered alongside these earlier studies, the new AHA presentation, again assuming its results are valid,actually suggests that vaping, while not entirely harmless, reduces stroke risk for smokers. As this August 2017 review noted:

Although Ecs [electronic cigarettes] might pose some cardiovascular risk to users, particularly those with existing cardiovascular disease, the risk is thought to be less than that of cigarette smoking based on qualitative and quantitative comparisons of EC aerosol versus cigarette smoke constituents. The adoption of ECs rather than cigarette smoking might, therefore, result in an overall benefit for public health.

The AHA presenters rightly noted that more research is needed to better evaluate the long-term effects of e-cigarettes and their role in heart and stroke health. But as I've argued previously, many tobacco researchers don't seem to actually believe that statement. Instead of objectively reporting what the data show or don't show, they tend to minimize evidence indicating that vaping offers a public health benefit while trying to link electronic cigarettes to adverse outcomes, however tenuous the association may be.

With a presentation titled E-cigarette users face 15% higher risk of stroke at a younger age than traditional smokers, I think Dr. Furie and her colleagues have unfortunately fallen into that trap.

[Editor's note: The AHA recently announced that the researchers will not present their results.]

[1] Nicotine-containing electronic cigarettes are often defined as tobacco products. That's an erroneous definition because it would also includenicotine gums and patches, which nobody defines as tobacco products.

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Vaping and Stroke Risk: New Study Hypes the Wrong Conclusion - American Council on Science and Health

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Growth Drivers of E-cigarette and Vaping Market 2020-2026 based on Key Players (JUUL, Vuse, MarkTen, Blu, Logic, Comp Lyfe, etc.), Types and...

Findings from the 2019 Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey demonstrate the appeal of vaping to teens, as seen in the increased prevalence of marijuana use as well as nicotine vaping. Results from the 45th annual MTF survey, a nationally representative sample of eighth, 10th and 12th graders in hundreds of U.S. schools, were announced today by the director of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), part of the National Institutes of Health, along with the University of Michigan scientist who leads the research team. The self-report survey is given annually to students who respond to questions about their drug use and attitudes.

Past year vaping of marijuana, which has more than doubled in the past two years, was reported at 20.8% among 12th graders, with 10th graders not far behind at 19.4% and eighth graders at 7.0%. Past month marijuana vaping among 12th graders nearly doubled in a single year to 14% from 7.5%the second largest one-year jump ever tracked for any substance in the history of the survey. (The largest was from 2017-2018 with past month nicotine vaping among 12th graders). For the first time, the survey measured daily marijuana vaping, which was reported at 3.5% among 12th graders, 3.0% among 10th graders, and 0.8% among eighth graders. The MTF investigators documented more detailed findings on teen vaping of marijuana in a research letter released today in the Journal of the American Medical Association. High rates of nicotine vaping reported in the MTF survey were released in September.

Marijuana continues to be the most commonly used illicit drug by adolescents. After remaining mostly stable for many years, daily use of marijuana went up significantly since 2018 among eighth and 10th gradersnow at 1.3% and 4.8% respectively. However, overall past year marijuana use rates remain steady among teens (35.7% among 12th graders; 28.8% among 10th graders; and 11.8% among eighth graders).

Past year rates of any illicit drug use, other than marijuana, remain relatively low among 12th graders; past year use was 3.6% for LSD; 3.3% for synthetic cannabinoids; 2.2% for both cocaine and MDMA (ecstasy); and 0.4% for heroin. Other drug use, including the misuse of prescription medicines and the use of alcohol as well as tobacco cigarettes, continues to decline.

"We are heartened to see the continuing decline in the use of many drugs, particularly non-medical use of prescription opioids; however, teens are clearly attracted to vaping products, which are often concentrated amounts of drugs disguised as electronic gadgets," said NIDA Director Dr. Nora Volkow. "Their growing popularity threatens to undo years of progress protecting the health of adolescents in the U.S."

To highlight the MTF survey findings, NIDA will post two infographics on its website: one related to vaping and the other on several other drug categories.

The survey, conducted since 1975, is funded by a government grant to the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor and is the only comprehensive, large-scale federal government survey on teen drug use that releases findings the same year the data is collected. In 2019, questions were added on daily vaping to address public health concerns about e-cigarettes and vaping devices. This year, the Food and Drug Administration and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have warned the public about lung illnesses and deaths related to vaping, with some patients as young as 13. The CDC posts periodic updates and recommendations for the public.

The MTF investigators have published several papers and research letters related to these findings:

Overall, 42,531 students from 396 public and private schools participated in this year's MTF survey. The survey has generally been administered to students in paper form, but investigators have been transitioning to electronic tablets. The survey will be fully electronic by 2020. The survey measures drug, alcohol, and cigarette use and related attitudes in eighth, 10th and 12th graders nationwide. Survey participants generally report their drug use behaviors across multiple time periods: lifetime, past year, past month, and in some cases, daily. NIDA has provided grant funding for the survey since its inception. MTF is funded under grant number DA001411.

For additional information on the MTF Survey, see:

Follow Monitoring the Future 2019 news on Twitter at @NIDANews or join the conversation by using: #MTF2019. Information on all drugs can be found on NIDA's website.

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Vaping of marijuana on the rise among teens | National ...

As noble global efforts to reduce smoking rates move into a higher gear with the fast-approaching Ninth Conference of the Parties (COP9) of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), member countries are running the risk of sacrificing the interests of smokers on the unfounded fear of an explosion in youth vaping.

Scheduled for 8-13 November 2021, COP9 will bring together governments, policymakers and anti-tobacco campaigners from across the world to discuss various ways to reduce smoking within the guidelines of the FCTC. The role of Electronic Nicotine and Non-Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENNDS) within the tobacco harm reduction agenda will also be thrust into the spotlight. Based on published Conference documentation, it is expected that youth vaping will feature prominently in the discussions.

The WHO has frequently raised concerns about the potential of ENNDS to appeal to young people and non-smokers, and act as a gateway to smoking, despite available scientific data not supporting this fear. On the contrary, emerging evidence from Canada, France, the UK and New Zealand seems to show fast declining smoking rates co-incidence with the rise in popularity of ENNDS.

According to 2020 data from Action on Smoking and Health UK (ASH), e-cigarette use remains relatively low amongst young people in the UK. The study reveals that the majority of young people had never smoked nor vaped, and that between 0.8% and 1.3% of young people who had never smoked were current vapers. According to the 2021 National Youth Tobacco Survey conducted by the United States Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (CDCP), teen use of electronic cigarettes fell sharply, marking another year of major declines. The survey, administered between 18 January and 21 May 2021, noted that 11.3% of high school students reported that they currently vape down from 19.6% in 2020 and even lower than the 27.5% reported in 2019. Overall, the evidence seems to indicate that ENNDS use among youth may have been a passing curiosity related to risk-taking behaviour inherent in young people.

While the goal of ensuring that young people do not use ENNDS should never be abandoned, this should be balanced with the need to ensure that adult smokers are not robbed of the opportunity to access reduced-harm alternatives to combustible tobacco. Reputable institutions such as Public Health England (PHE) and the UK Royal College of Physicians have found that ENNDS are 95% less harmful than combustible smoking. ENNDS provide a breakthrough in tobacco harm reduction and to some extent, smoking cessation. The Cochrane Library found that ENNDS are a more effective smoking cessation tool than Nicotine Replacement Therapies (NRTs).

Regrettably, the overwhelming evidence in favour of ENNDS has not been enough to convince the WHO otherwise. Instead, the world body is intent on regulatory guidelines that will effectively deny smokers access to information about less harmful alternatives.

Youth vaping can be curbed through practical measures to discourage access and embark on education and awareness campaigns to teach young people about nicotine addiction and that vapes are not completely harmless, even though it is significantly less harmful compared to tobacco smoking. In South Africa, for example, the Vaping Products Association South Africa (VPASA) has taken the initiative to have its members sign a code of conduct and pledge not to sell vaping products to young people under the age of 18.

As the COP9 nears, it is important for the WHO and governments to ensure that they conduct a fair and balanced evaluation of the available evidence to support the development of appropriate ENNDS regulations. While there remains a genuine need to ensure that young people do not take up vaping, it would be a huge disservice to the WHOs tobacco control agenda if ENNDS regulatory guidelines are developed based on ideology and instinct rather than scientific evidence. Ultimately, a non-scientific approach to regulating ENNDS will come at the expense of adult smokers looking for a less harmful alternative to smoking.

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Preventing Youth Vaping At The Expense Of Smokers - Africa.com