Category Archives: Psoriasis

(This story was first published in the Times of India on February 21, 2020)

CLAIM

A loose translation of the Hindi text describing the video goes -- Siddha Yogi who took samadhi 300 years ago in Chennais Velayur Temple. The saint was found alive during the recent excavation works at the temple."

A reader sent the video along with this claim to Times Fact Check on our WhatsApp number 8527001433 to know if such an incident happened.

whatsapp query.

VERIFICATION AND METHODOLOGY

After breaking the video into different key frames using InVid Google Chrome extension, we ran reverse-image searches on them. This led us to a news report from Daily Mail UK, dated June 29, 2019.

Titled Bear man's identity is revealed: Doctor says emaciated 'living mummy' who appeared in shocking footage is really his patient suffering chronic psoriasis and was never mauled by beast, the report mentioned that the man in the video was actually a 41-year-old patient at Aktobe Medical Centre in Kazakhstan receiving treatment for severe psoriasis.

A senior medic from the hospital where hes admitted rubbished these claims and insisted that the 41-year-old man was never attacked by a wild beast and said he suffered from chronic psoriasis and other medical complications.

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Fake News Alert: Video of Kazakhstan man shared as of Indian saint who took 'samadhi' 300 years ago - Pune Mirror

The Psoriasis Drugs Market research report 2019 includes analysis of factual data that provides research results, vital recommendations, conclusions, and other important information to the readers, who in turn bases clients decision making on the content of the report. Psoriasis Drugs Market research report also highlights each of the prominent factors related to the growth of the market are: growing GDP, revenue, demographics, increasing purchasing power, increasing demand, government incentives, government policies, regulatory policies, product standards, and manufacturing standards(as per applicable).

The Global Psoriasis Drugs market size was valued at USD 11.3 billion in 2016. It is anticipated to post a CAGR of 9.4% during the forecast period.

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Psoriasis is a genetic condition that may not be present at birth. The condition may be triggered by certain environmental and genetic factors. Changing lifestyles of people are leading to increased alcohol consumption and smoking, unhealthy diet, and sedentary living, which makes people more prone to this condition.

The major manufacturers covered in this report:

AbbVie, Amgen, Johnson & Johnson, Novartis, Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, Celgene

Psoriasis Drugs Market Product Type:

TNF-inhibitors

Interleukin-inhibitors

Others

Psoriasis Drugs Market Applications:

Hospital

Clinic

Psoriasis DrugsAvail Upto 20% Discount On This Report At:

https://www.marketinsightsreports.com/reports/03191152581/global-psoriasis-drugs-market-research-report-2019/discount?mode=82.

Geographical Regional Analysis of The Report Including Several Regions:

Geographical markets are covered separately within thePsoriasis Drugsreport that includes a competitive analysis on their market performance in the base year as well as predictions for the forecast year. Regions covered in the report such asNorth America(United States, Canada and Mexico),Europe industry(Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy), Asia-Pacific(Southeast Asia, China, Korea, India and Japan), South America industry(Brazil, Argentina, Colombia),Middle East and Africa(Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa), South East Asia, Japan, China,andIndiaare also predictable to witness vigorous growth in their respective markets for GlobalPsoriasis DrugsMarket in the near future, states the research report. It focuses on the leading and the progressing countries from every region in detail.

Market Report has been studied and presents an actionable idea to key contributors working in it. The report integrates several drivers as well as factors that impede the growth of this market during the forecast to 2019-2025. An extensive qualitative analysis of factors responsible for driving the market growth and future opportunities has been provided in the market overview section.

Important Features that are under Offering and Key Highlights of the Reports:

Detailed overview ofPsoriasis DrugsMarket Changing market dynamics of the industry In-depth market segmentation by Type, Application etc. Historical, current and projected market size in terms of volume and value Recent industry trends and developments Competitive landscape ofPsoriasis DrugsMarket Strategies of key players and product offerings Potential and niche segments/regions exhibiting promising growth

The market research reports also include detailed information about the major players. The information provides gross profit, revenue, business distribution, the share of the market, and etc. Along with the major players, the development of the market in the focused region is also tailored in the report.

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A thorough study of the competitive landscape of the GlobalPsoriasis DrugsMarket has been given, presenting insights into the company profiles, financial status, recent developments, mergers and acquisitions, and the SWOT analysis. This research report will give a clear idea to readers about the overall market scenario to further decide on this market project.

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Psoriasis Drugs Market Competitive Insights And Precise Outlook 2018 to 2025 - Galus Australis

Researchers outline the significant role IL-37 plays in psoriasis, and other skin and connective tissue diseases, suggesting the need for further research, according to a review.

Over 40 years after interleukin-1 was termed, Interleukin-1 (IL-1) family has expanded to comprise 11 members, including the agonists IL-1, IL-1, IL-18, IL-33, IL-36, IL-36 and IL-36, the antagonists IL-1Ra, IL-36Ra and IL-38, and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-37. They share a highly conserved barrel structure, bind to extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, and generally lack a signal peptide. IL-1 family plays a crucial role in immune homeostasis and contributes to various pathologies of autoimmunity and autoinflammation, dysmetabolism, cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms, said the study authors.

The review explained that in psoriasis, inflammatory myeloid dendritic cells release IL-23 and IL-12 in order to activate Th1, Th17, and Th22 cells to produce cytokines IL-17, IFN-gamma, TNF, and IL-22. The researchers noted that keratinocytes (KC) are the main source of Il-17, while L-17, IFN-, IL-22, and TNF promote KC proliferation along with production of chemokine, cytokine and AMP.

For psoriasis, 3 previous studies revealed that IL-37 is downregulated in lesional skin compared to non-lesional skin in patients with psoriasis and healthy control skin from healthy individuals. Furthermore, RNA sequencing of 12 paired samples demonstrated that the expression of IL-37 in non-lesional skin was elevated versus healthy control skin; however, another study reported a higher expression of IL026 in psoriatic lesion compared with health controls.

These contrary results possibly due to the experimental assays. As IL-37 consists of different isoforms and is rather low, which make it difficult to be detected by IHC or ELISA, explained the study authors. Biologic therapies have confirmed the efficacy of anti-IL-23, anti-TNF-, and anti-IL-17 agents in ameliorating most clinical signs and symptoms in psoriasis patients. Worth mentioning, tofacitinib increased the expression of IL-37 in psoriasis patients rapidly.

Additional studies showed that higher IL-37 serum levels are positively correlated with psoriasis disease severity during remission phase.

The study authors conclude that the overall findings emphasize the potential role of IL-37 as a therapeutic target in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. However, further research is necessary in order to explore IL-37 expression in the circulation, synovium, and skin lesion to determine clinical significance of IL-37 in psoriasis.

Reference

Pan Y, Wen X, Hao D, et al. The role of IL-37 in skin and connective tissue diseases [published online December 30, 2019]. Biomed Pharmacother. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109705.

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Researchers Outline the Role of IL-37 in Psoriasis - AJMC.com Managed Markets Network

Home Topics Psoriasis

The Adolescent Psoriasis Quality of Life (APso-QOL) instrument represents the first age-appropriate and disease-specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) instrument for use in adolescents with psoriasis, according to study data published in the British Journal of Dermatology.

Researchers used a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to develop and establish the preliminary validity of the APso-QOL instrument. They gathered qualitative data concerning HRQOL in adolescents with psoriasis from 18 adolescents (aged 12-17 years), 14 parents, and 4 healthcare professionals and combined them with cognitive interview testing (n=12) to result in a 41-item draft version. After item reduction, the final APso-QOL was a 17-item instrument consisting of 2 subscales showing good fit to their respective Rasch models: Psychosocial Impact (APso-PI; 12 items) and the impact of Physical Symptoms and Treatment (APso-PST; 5 items; n=50). Using state-of-the-art methods, the researchers found the APso-QOL to be psychometrically sound and good preliminary support for construct validity. In addition, they found the test-retest reliability of this instrument to be good. Because of their nonuniform nature, the 2 subscales should ideally be scored separately, the team noted; however using a combined summary score may be justified for the APso-QOL, similar to other instruments of comparable structure.

The investigators concluded that, The APso-QOL is intended for use in daily clinical practice to support dermatologists and other health care professionals in providing optimal care for adolescents with psoriasis.

Disclosure: Several study authors declared affiliations with the pharmaceutical industry. Please see the original reference for a full list of authors disclosures.

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References

Randa H, Khoury LR, Grnborg TK, Lomholt JJ, Skov L, Zachariae R. Development and preliminary validation of the Adolescent Psoriasis Quality of Life instrument (APso-QOL): a disease-specific measure of quality of life in adolescents with psoriasis [published online November 19, 2019]. Br J Dermatol. doi:10.1111/bjd.18719

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Preliminary Validation of the Adolescent Psoriasis Quality of Life Instrument - Dermatology Advisor

The likelihood that patients treated with apremilast for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) will have low disease activity (LDA) or remission by week 52 is greater for patients with moderate disease activity (MDA) compared with those with high disease activity (HDA), according to study results published in Arthritis Care & Research. Patients who achieved the Clinical Disease Activity for Psoriatic Arthritis (cDAPSA) targets by week 52 also had mild or no arthritis or other PsA manifestations.

Using the pooled data from the phase 3 randomized Psoriatic Arthritis Long-Term Assessment of Clinical Efficacy (PALACE 1, 2, and 3) studies, which evaluated the oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor apremilast, investigators sought to identify the subgroups of patients most likely to benefit from apremilast therapy. Probability analyses were performed using multiple imputations for discontinuations and missing values to assess the likelihood that patients would achieve cDAPSA targets by week 52. Longitudinal analyses grouped by cDAPSA category were performed to assess musculoskeletal and nonmusculoskeletal domains of PsA.

Of the 1493 participants randomly assigned to receive 1 dose of apremilast in the PALACE 1-3 studies (placebo, n=496; apremilast 30 mg twice a day, n=497; apremilast 20 mg twice a day, n=500), 494 who had been randomly assigned to receive apremilast 30 mg at baseline and baseline cDAPSA scores available were included in the probability analyses assessing the likelihood of achieving cDAPSA LDA or remission. A total of 375 patients were randomly assigned to receive apremilast 30 mg at baseline with available week 52 cDAPSA scores were included in the longitudinal analyses of cDAPSA and musculoskeletal and nonmusculoskeletal domains of PsA.

Of the 494 patients included in probability analyses, 46.9% with MDA at baseline achieved LDA or remission by week 52 compared with 24.9% with HDA at baseline. At week 16, patients with LDA at baseline showed response rates of 40.0% remission, 40.0% LDA, 20% MDA, and 0% HAD; patients with MDA at baseline showed response rates of 7.0% remission, 29.8% LDA, 44.7% MDA, and 18.4% HAD; and patients with HAD at baseline showed response rates of 2.1% remission, 11.5% LDA, 38.1% MDA, and 48.3% HAD.

Among patients with MDA at baseline, achieving LDA or remission at week 16 was associated with a high probability (58.9%-88.5%) of maintaining target improvements through week 52; a mean reduction of 30% in cDAPSA score by week 16 was associated with a 63% probability of achieving treatment targets by week 52.

For the 375 patients included in longitudinal analyses, achieving treatment targets with apremilast was associated with continuous improvements in disease activity and mild or no arthritis and other PsA manifestations. Researchers indicated that achieving cDAPSA targets with apremilast was associated with control of PsA musculoskeletal and nonmusculoskeletal domains not included in the cDAPSA.

Study limitations included the use of Maastricht Ankylosing Spondylitis Enthesitis Score to assess enthesitis because of which peripheral enthesitis may have been indirectly accounted for with the cDAPSA.

Our findings indicate that patients with [MDA] at baseline have a higher likelihood of achieving optimal outcomes with apremilast compared with those in HDA at baseline. Early and partial responses by [week] 16 were associated with achieving long-term treatment targets. Finally, the results support the use of the cDAPSA to monitor patients treated with apremilast given that domains not captured by the cDAPSA traveled in the same direction as the cDAPSA. At a population level, patients who achieved cDAPSA [remission] or LDA also had no or mild musculoskeletal and [nonmusculoskeletal] disease manifestations, the researchers concluded.

Disclosure: Several study authors declared affiliations with the pharmaceutical industry. Please see the original reference for a full list of authors disclosures.

Reference

Mease PJ, Gladman DD, Ogdie A, et al. Treatment to target in psoriatic arthritis with apremilast: Probability of achieving targets and comprehensive control of disease manifestations [published online January 7, 2020]. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). doi:10.1002/acr.24134

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Greater Remission or Low Disease Activity With Apremilast in Moderate Psoriatic Arthritis - Rheumatology Advisor

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Amgen could have a strong year as the turbulence of 2019 fades into the rearview, according to a Wednesday afternoon note by Citi analyst Mohit Bansal.

Bansal, who rates the stock a Buy, increased his price target to $275 per share from $245. Shares of Amgen (ticker: AMGN) closed on Wednesday at $236.75.

We think in 2020 the company could do more than just catching up with the Nasdaq Biotechnology Index as the setup looks even better this time versus 2019, he wrote.

Bansal argued that uncertainty around sales drop-offs for Amgen products now facing biosimilar competition had passed, and that the acquisition of Bristol-Myers Squibbs (BMY) psoriasis drug Otezla would boost Amgens growth.

The back story. Shares of Amgen are up 16.2% over the past 12 months, and down 2.3% so far in 2020. The iShares Nasdaq Biotechnology exchange-traded fund (IBB) is up 10% over the past 12 months and down 1.4% so far this year.

Whats new. In his note, Bansal argued that the AMGN story has more room to run. He said that the companys price/earnings ratio, which is now around 15, is in line with the Big Pharma companies, despite analysts expecting a higher rate of growth from Amgen.

We think the setup looks better for AMGN in 2020 as there is less uncertainty this time around, he wrote.

Bansal noted that the company is expecting a number of major catalysts in 2020, including data on lung-cancer, asthma, psoriasis, and heart-failure treatments.

He also said that the resolution of an intellectual property case around Amgens Enbrel in the companys favor cleared a major overhang and made the stock easy to own.

Looking forward. Amgen shares were down 1.1%, at $234.07, in recent trading, while the S&P 500 was down 0.2%. The company will announce its fourth-quarter earnings next Thursday, Jan. 30, after the market closes.

Write to Josh Nathan-Kazis at josh.nathan-kazis@barrons.com

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Amgen Stock Is Poised to Gain in 2020, Analyst Says. Heres Why. - Barron's

Detailed Study on the Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Therapeutics Market

The latest report published by PMR on the Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Therapeutics Market reveals that the market is expected to grow at a CAGR of ~XX% during the forecast period 2017 2025 and reach a value of ~US$ XX by the end of 2019. Further, by leveraging the data in the report, investors, established players, emerging market players, and stakeholders can develop effective business strategies to cement their position in the Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Therapeutics Market.

The report ponders over the micro and macro-economic factors that are expected to shape the growth of the Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Therapeutics Market in the upcoming decade. The report includes a SWOT analysis of some prominent players in the Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Therapeutics Market wherein the business prospects of each player are discussed in detail.

ThisPress Release will help you to understand the Volume, growth with Impacting Trends. Click HERE To get SAMPLE PDF (Including Full TOC, Table & Figures) athttps://www.persistencemarketresearch.co/samples/21442

Vital Market Information Included in the Report:

The report resolves the following doubts related to the Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Therapeutics Market:

The Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Therapeutics Market is bifurcated into different sections to provide a clear understanding of the various aspects of the market. The growth potential, market share, size, and prospects of each segment and sub-segment is depicted in the report.

Get Access To TOC Covering 200+ Topics athttps://www.persistencemarketresearch.co/toc/21442

The key manufacturers engaged in developing the chronic plaque psoriasis therapeutics market include Abbvie, Inc., Novartis International AG, Pfizer, Inc., Merck & Co., Astelllas Pharma, Inc., GlaxoSmithKline Plc and others.

In order to get a strategic overview of the market,Access Research Methodology Prepared By Experts athttps://www.persistencemarketresearch.co/methodology/21442

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Chronic Plaque Psoriasis Therapeutics Market Rising Demand and International Forecast Scope Led by Top Key Players 2017 2025 Dagoretti News -...

Zinc supplementation may be a potential adjunctive approach for several major inflammatory skin diseases, including acne vulgaris and atopic dermatitis, yet clinical evidence of the benefit of zinc in these disorders is mixed. This is according to data from preliminary findings from small studies published in the American Journal of Clinical Dermatology.

The study was a systematic review of trials that evaluated zinc supplementation and associated disease-related outcomes in patients with acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis, diaper dermatitis, hidradenitis suppurativa, psoriasis, and rosacea. In the review, a total of 22 studies, which included 1667 patients and evaluated zinc gluconate (10-90 mg/day), zinc sulfate (0.375-1.8 g/day), and zinc oxide (0.012 g/day), were included.

In the 9 studies that compared zinc with placebo in patients with acne, there was an overall trend in favor of zinc supplementation. Although another study found zinc supplementation plus lactoferrin and vitamin E was associated with significant reductions in comedones and inflammatory lesions, researchers were unable to determine whether the causative factor was the zinc alone, or the combination of the zinc with lactoferrin and vitamin E. Compared with zinc, antibiotics demonstrated superior efficacy for acne management in 3 studies.

Findings varied in 2 studies that evaluated oral zinc for atopic dermatitis, with 1 study showing no beneficial effect vs placebo, and the other study showing a potential benefit of zinc for reducing disease severity. In another study of patients with rosacea, no significant difference was observed between oral zinc sulfate and placebo. This study resulted in early termination, as zinc was found to be less efficacious than placebo.

Limitations of the studies included in this review included the small sample sizes and the use of placebos containing ingredients that may lead to worsening of acne.

Although zinc appears to possess anti-inflammatory properties that may theoretically result in clinical improvements in some dermatologic conditions, the investigators noted that zinc supplementation may not be universally beneficial in dermatologic inflammatory disease.

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Reference

Dhaliwal S, Nguyen M, Vaughn AR, Notay M, Chambers CJ, Sivamani RK. Effects of zinc supplementation on inflammatory skin diseases: a systematic review of the clinical evidence [published online November 19, 2019]. Am J Clin Dermatol. doi:10.1007/s40257-019-00484-0

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Data Are Mixed for Using Zinc to Treat Inflammatory Skin Conditions - Dermatology Advisor

What is psoriatic arthritis? Symptoms, causes, treatment; tips to improve your joint health  |  Photo Credit: Getty Images

New Delhi: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a form ofinflammatory arthritis associated with psoriasis - a skin condition characterised by red, scaly skin patches. The prevalence of psoriasis in the general population is one-three per cent, whereas the prevalence of PsA can range between five per cent and 40 per cent amongst people with psoriasis. It is more common in males and it usually appears in the third to fifth decade of life.

Basically, psoriatic arthritis is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks its own tissues. The exact cause of the condition is not clear, however, genetic and environmental factors are known to play a role in its manifestation. PsA can be triggered by stress, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and some infections.

According to Dr Siddharth Shah, Orthopaedic& Joint Replacement Surgeon, SL Raheja Hospital, Mahim - A Fortis Associate, patients usually develop psoriasis before experiencing joint symptoms, adding that symptoms of PsA can vary from person to person. Some of the common symptoms include:

Joints related symptoms:PsA causes joint inflammation resulting in pain, swelling, stiffness, and deformity. It commonly affects fingers, wrists, toes, ankles, and knees. Many joints of the body can be affected at the same time. Arthritis can also be symmetrical, i.e. the same joint on both sides of the body can be affected. There may be generalised fatigue. Advanced cases of PsA can result in deformities which are usually seen in the hands and the feet.

Tendon and ligament inflammation: This commonly presents as ankle or heel pain. Sometimes, a combination of tendon and joints inflammation in the hands can result in sausage-shaped hand deformity.

Neck and back pain:PsA can affect the joints of the spine which can result in neck and back pain.

Skin and nails: Psoriasis causes dry, red, scaly, and itchy skin rash due to rapid turnover of skin cells. It is commonly seen on the scalp, knees, and elbows, although any part of the body surface can be involved. It can also affect the nails resulting in their discolouration and pitting.

Diagnosis for psoriatic arthritis is usually based on history and physical examination of the joints, skin, and nails. Your doctor may also prescribe certain blood tests and X-rays in order to confirm the diagnosis.

You may be prescribed medicines to control inflammation in your joints and prevent further damage. Topical applications may be prescribed for controlling your skin symptoms. Sometimes, injections may be given inside the affected joints to control symptoms.

Joint reconstruction surgery may be required in cases of advanced or irreversible joint damage.

There is no cure for psoriatic arthritis, but lifestyle modification along with medication, when necessary, can help keep the disease under control. Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment can help prevent joint destruction and permanent disability.

Disclaimer: Tips and suggestions mentioned in the article are for general information purpose only and should not be construed as professional medical advice. Always consult your doctor or a dietician before starting any fitness programme or making any changes to your diet.

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What is psoriatic arthritis? Symptoms, causes, treatment; tips to improve your joint health - Times Now

I have never had any skin problems before in all my life. Then I was put on a beta-blocker drug and one of the side effects I got was some patches on my body and scalp. The doctor said it was psoriasis. What is that?

Psoriasis is actually a common skin condition.

It develops when the life cycle of your skin cells is speeded up, causing them to die and build up on your skin surface quickly.

These extra skin cells form scales on your skin, as well as red patches, which can be itchy, and even painful.

What is the difference between psoriasis and eczema?

Psoriasis has well-defined, thick, red and scaly patches, especially at your elbows and knees.

The patches can also appear on your face, buttocks, palms, soles and scalp.

Your skin is thicker and more inflamed than those with eczema.

Eczema also causes your skin to be red and inflamed. It is sometimes scaly, but it can also be oozing or crusty.

There may be swelling or dark, leathery patches.

Eczema tends to appear in the crooks (or inner parts) of your knees and elbows, i.e. the parts of your body that bend.

However, it can also appear on your neck, wrists, ankles and other places on babies.

Eczema is more commonly associated with children.

The itching in eczema is also more intense than in psoriasis.

Stress is one of the major factors that contribute to the triggering or worsening of psoriasis. VisualHunt.com

I heard that there are many types of psoriasis. Is this true?

Yes, everyone has different manifestations of psoriasis.

We know already that the distinct common feature is red, scaly patches on your skin due to overproduction of skin cells.

Plaque psoriasis is the commonest form. The red, silvery scaly patches are called plaques.

These plaques can occur on any part of your body, including inside your mouth and on your genitals.

There is also nail psoriasis. Obviously, this affects your fingernails and toenails, and can cause abnormal nail growth, pits (little holes) and discolouration of your nails.

Your nails can also separate from your nail bed, or even crumble entirely.

When the psoriasis patches are not formed in plaques, but in waterdrop-shaped lesions instead, it is called guttate psoriasis.

This affects young children and young adults. It is usually triggered by a bacterial infection such as a sore throat.

The skin lesions are not as thick as plaque psoriasis.

Then there is inverse psoriasis, which affects the skin on your armpits, groin, under your breasts or around your genitals.

These become worse with friction or sweating, like if you wear tight clothing.

This one has a correlation with fungal infections.

One uncommon type is pustular psoriasis. This one has pus-filled blisters on top of your red skin.

It can get quite bad because it may be associated with fever, severe itching and diarrhoea.

The rarest type is also one of the worst due to the way it looks, called erythrodermic psoriasis.

This one covers your entire body with a red rash that peels easily. It can also unfortunately itch or burn badly.

I know a relative with psoriasis who also has joint pain. Does psoriasis give rise to joint pain?

Some psoriasis patients can also suffer from joint pain due to their condition. TPNYes, this is called psoriatic arthritis. It does not happen in all psoriatic cases.

It is not as bad as rheumatoid arthritis, but can be severe as well.

This type of joint pain affects any joint. The underlying issue is inflammation and erosion of your joints.

This leads to stiffness, swelling and worsening deformity.

What is the cause of psoriasis?

No one really knows, but it is believed to be an autoimmune disease.

Your white blood cells called T lymphocytes and neutrophils attack healthy skin cells by mistake.

They travel to your skin, causing your blood vessels to dilate and your skin cells to overproduce.

That is why you have redness, swelling, and even pus it is as though your body is fighting off a skin infection.

There is also a genetic element in psoriasis. If your parents had psoriasis, you are more likely to have it too.

Is there anything that triggers psoriasis? I was told it was because of the medication I took.

Many things can trigger psoriasis, especially if you have an underlying genetic predisposition for it already.

We have already discussed that sore throats caused by bacteria, especially Streptococcus, can trigger it.

So can skin infections and injuries, like burns, sunburns, bites and cuts.

Stress can also trigger psoriasis. So can smoking and alcohol.

The types of medicines that can trigger it include beta-blockers, used for high blood pressure; lithium, used for psychotic disorders; and drugs used for malaria.

There is unfortunately no cure for psoriasis, but you can moisturise your skin, give up smoking and alcohol, stop taking those medications giving you psoriasis, and manage your stress levels, to help manage your condition.

Dr YLM graduated as a medical doctor, and has been writing for many years on various subjects such as medicine, health, computers and entertainment. For further information, email starhealth@thestar.com.my. The information contained in this column is for general educational purposes only. Neither The Star nor the author gives any warranty on accuracy, completeness, functionality, usefulness or other assurances as to such information. The Star and the author disclaim all responsibility for any losses, damage to property or personal injury suffered directly or indirectly from reliance on such information.

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Thick, scaly patches appearing on your skin? It's psoriasis - The Star Online