Category Archives: Transhuman News

Researchers headed by a team at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), School of Medicine, have used gene therapy to prevent learning and memory loss in a mouse model of Alzheimers disease (AD). The results of their experiments, which involved delivering a gene called SynCav1 to the mouse brain, could represent a key step toward testing the approach in humans with the neurodegenerative disorder.

Reporting their results in Molecular Therapy-Methods & Clinical Development, the investigators, headed by Brian P. Head, PhD, adjunct professor in the department of anesthesiology at UCSD School of Medicine and research health scientist at the VA San Diego Healthcare System, stated, Our data indicate that SynCav1 gene therapy may be an option for AD and potentially in other forms of neurodegeneration of unknown etiology. Their paper is titled, Synapsin-caveolin-1 gene therapy preserves neuronal and synaptic morphology and prevents neurodegeneration in a mouse model of AD.

AD is the most common form of neurodegeneration and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly, the authors wrote. The disorder is characterized by the accumulation of clumps of misfolded proteins called amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles, both of which impair cell signaling and promote neuronal death.

Current AD treatments targeting plaques and tangles address only symptoms, which the authors pointed out suggests that removal of toxic amyloid species alone may not be enough to reverse functional deficits in the brain. They suggest that a reversal and cure of AD will likely require a combination of interventional approaches that both decrease aggregating toxins and promote neuronal and synaptic plasticity. Gene therapies that target neuroprotection and resilience may be an effective option to treat individuals affected with AD or other forms of neurodegeneration of different or unknown ethology.

For their reported studies the team used an adeno-associated viral (AAv) vector to introduce synapsin-caveolin-1 cDNA (AAV-SynCav1) into the hippocampus region of three-month-old transgenic PSAPP AD mice.

PSAPP mice exhibit learning and memory deficits at 9 and 11 months, respectively. These deficits are associated with decreased expression of caveolin-1, a scaffolding protein that builds the membranes housing cellular signaling tools, such as neurotrophin receptors (NTRs) that receive the critical extracellular signals, which govern all cellular life and function. With decay and destruction of these membranes, cell dysfunction and neurodegeneration follow. Previous research has found decreased Cav-1 in AD Enrons and other conditions. Both preclinical and clinical findings revealed that Cav-1 and Cav-1 associated signaling complexes (NTRs and neurotransmitter receptors) were decreased in degenerating neurons in AD, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), the authors wrote.

The researchers administered a single injection of AAV-SynCav1 to the hippocampus of PSAPP mice. The hippocampus is a complex region deep within the brain that plays a major role in learning and memory. In AD, the hippocampus is among the first areas of the brain to be impaired. Our goal was to test whether SynCav1 gene therapy in these AD mouse models might preserve neuronal and synaptic plasticity in targeted parts of the membrane, and improve higher brain function, Head noted.

The results confirmed that at 9- and 11-months, hippocampal learning and memory in the mice were preserved. Moreover, the researchers found, critical membrane structures and associated neurotrophin receptors also remained intact in animals that received the gene therapy. The neuroprotective effects from SynCav1 gene delivery occurred independently to reducing amyloid plaque depositions. These findings are the first to demonstrate that a one-time hippocampal delivery of AAV-SynCav1 to PSAPP mice preserved hippocampal learning at 9 months and preserved memory at 11 months, the investigators claimed.

The team had previously demonstrated the neuroprotective properties of SynCav1 in different in vitro and in vivo models, including ischemia, aging, traumatic injury, and in neurodegenerative mice that model a familial form of ALS, suggesting that Cav-1 may serve as a central neuroprotective target in a variety of neurodegenerative conditions. They say that their newly reported study now expands on the therapeutic potential of SynCav1 to a new neurodegenerative mouse model of a familial form of AD.

These results suggest SynCav1 gene therapy is an attractive approach to restore brain plasticity and improve brain function in AD and potentially in other forms of neurodegeneration caused by unknown etiology, the investigators noted. They concluded that results from this and previous studies indicate that, regardless of the cause of the neurodegenerative condition (known versus unknown etiology, injury versus genetic abnormality,) the therapeutic and translational potential of SynCav1 might be exploited in the future to treat sporadic neurodegenerative conditions or to be used in combination with already existing drugs or biologics designed to target known monogenic candidates linked to other neurodegenerative conditions (EOFAD, FALS, Parkinsons, and Huntingtons diseases).

The ability of SynCav1 to preserve axonal myelin in hippocampal neurons in the PSAPP mice further indicates the potential utility of the treatment against demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis, Gillian-Barre syndrome, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, the scientists noted.

Heads laboratory is currently testing SynCav1 gene delivery in other AD models at symptomatic stages as well as in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrigs disease). He hopes to advance this work to human clinical trials soon. The SynCav1 gene therapy is patented through UCSD and the Department of Veterans Affairs.

Read this article:
Gene Therapy in Alzheimers Disease Mice Preserves Memory and Learning - Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News

A new gene-editing tool has enabled Harvard's Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering scientists to accomplish a feat that wouldn't be possible to do with CRISPR, according to a press release.

The group of researchers created what they callthe "Retron Library Recombineering" (RLR) technique, which could allow scientists to run millions of genetic experimentsat the same time.

This tool, described in a recent paper in PNAS, employs retrons, which are bacterial DNA segments that undergo reverse transcription to generate single-stranded DNA fragments (ssDNA). RLR produces up to millions of mutations concurrently in bacterial cells and "barcodes" mutant cells, enabling the whole pool to be screened at once. This way large quantities of data can be quickly produced and analyzed.

But why is this important? Well, because it overcomes the major limitations ofCRISPR-Cas9,a groundbreaking technology that can be used to edit genes. Overall, it is difficult for scientists to deliver CRISPR-Cas9 materials in large numbers, and it can sometimes be toxic to cells since the Cas9 enzyme, the molecular "scissors" that cut strands of DNA, often cuts unintended sites.

"RLR enabled us to do something thats impossible to do with CRISPR: we randomly chopped up a bacterial genome, turned those genetic fragments into single-stranded DNA in situ, and used them to screen millions of sequences simultaneously," explains co-first author Max Schubert. "RLR is a simpler, more flexible gene-editing tool that can be used for highly multiplexed experiments, which eliminates the toxicity often observed with CRISPR and improves researchers ability to explore mutations at the genome level."

While CRISPR-Cas9 cuts DNA to insert the mutant sequence into its genome, retrons can insert the mutant DNA strand into a replicating cell, where it would be introduced into the DNA of the daughter cells. Moreover, since sequences of retrons can be used as "barcodes," this enables scientists to track individuals.

"We figured that retrons should give us the ability to produce ssDNA within the cells we want to edit rather than trying to force them into the cell from the outside, and without damaging the native DNA, which were both very compelling qualities," said co-first author Daniel Goodman.

RLR was tested onE. coli bacteria andit was discovered that after a few tweaks, 90 percent of the species incorporated the retron sequence. Furthermore, the scientists demonstrated how effective it can be in large-scale genetic experiments: By sequencing the retrons' barcodes rather than individual mutants, they were able to detect antibiotic resistance mutations in E. coli even faster.

"Being able to analyze pooled, barcoded mutant libraries with RLR enables millions of experiments to be performed simultaneously, allowing us to observe the effects of mutations across the genome, as well as how those mutations might interact with each other," said senior author George Church. "This work helps establish a road map toward using RLR in other genetic systems, which opens up many exciting possibilities for future genetic research."

All in all, the advancements are exciting but may be a little premature. RLR is yet to work in mammalian cells. According to the researchers, more work needs to be done to improve andstandardize the editing rate, but it seems to have a bright future ahead.

"This new synthetic biology tool brings genome engineering to even higher levels of throughput, which will undoubtedly lead to new, exciting, and unexpected innovations," said Wyss Institutes Founding Director Don Ingber.

Go here to see the original:
Scientists Have Created A New Gene-Editing Tool That Could Rival CRISPR - Interesting Engineering

Genomics researchers and the agriculture industry have welcomed the publication of a long-awaited report recommending EU legislation on genetically modified organisms be updated to allow the use targeted gene editing in crops.

In the study, the European Commission acknowledges the potential of gene editing and notes most research into commercial applications is taking place outside the EU.

The Commission carried out the study at the request of member states, to assess if gene editing can be used safely for agriculture, industrial and pharmaceutical applications. The report is based on expert opinions from the Commissions in house science and policy advice services, the Joint Research Centre and the Scientific Advise Mechanism, and contributions from member states and stakeholders.

Precision breeding of plants through gene editing is banned in the EU following a 2018 ruling by the European Court of Justice, which found these techniques are subject to the 2001 EU directive banning genetically modified organisms (GMOs).

The GMO directive is not up to date with new technologies. Finally, we are happy to see that the Commission comes to similar conclusions, Petra Jorasch, manager of plant breeding innovation at the industry group Euroseeds told Science|Business.

Oana Dima, science policy manager at EU-SAGE, a group of scientists from 134 European plant science institutes and societies agreed, saying, We are happy that the Commission sees that the current regulatory framework has negative implications for research in Europe.

Researchers and the agriculture industry are calling for an update to the GMO legislation so that crops developed by modern plant breeding techniques that do not involve the introduction of genes from other species are excluded. Gene editing using Crispr-Cas9 and related techniques can improve plant characteristics without introducing foreign DNA.

According to the report, technologies such as Crispr-Cas9 can help the EU make food production more sustainable, with new plants that are more resistant to diseases and harsher environmental conditions and which do not require the use of pesticides and fertilisers.

The EU has a grand plan to make the continent carbon neutral by 2050 and sustainable agriculture is a big part of this. The Commissions farm to fork strategy aims to reduce the use of fertilisers by 30% and turn 25% of agricultural land over to organic farming. The Horizon Europe research programme will fund projects to improve soil health and reduce the use of pesticides and antibiotics in agriculture.

New genomic techniques can promote the sustainability of agricultural production, in line with the objectives of our farm to fork strategy, said Stella Kyriakides, EU commissioner for health and food safety.

The biotech industry has warned before that the current GMO legislation is way behind the times and hitting Europes global competitiveness in food production. Its time for a change that ensures innovation leadership to market, not just in the lab, said Claire Skentelbery, director general of industry group EuropaBio.

Argentina changed its laws to allow genome editing in crops in 2015. Other countries, such as US, Canada, Australia and Japan, soon followed suit. The debate is ongoing in the UK, Russia, China, India and South Africa. The EU remains the only major region in the world where genome edited crops are regulated as GMOs.

Legal proposal

The Commission will present the results to the EU council next week and member states are likely to come up with a position in the coming weeks. They will then consult the European Parliament and should set out a legal proposal later this year. Any kind of legal proposal would need support from parliament and council, said Jorasch.

The EU27 largely agree the current legislation is not fit for purpose but have yet to agree on a common approach to gene editing. Jorasch said the negotiations will be difficult because the decision in member states could fall between agriculture and environment ministries. There is still need for further discussion, she said. Ministers of agriculture are more likely to be supportive, whereas minsters of environment are more critical.

As one case in point, last week Germanys environment minister Svenja Schulze said the current EU law on GMOs should continue to be applied to gene editing, so that products continue to be tested and labelled for risk. However, Germanys agriculture minister Julia Klckner said the Commissions report signals the need for an, overdue modernisation of EU GMO legislation.

In addition to potential hurdles in some member states, organic food producers are opposed to any changes to the GMO legislation, arguing the benefits of gene editing are hypothetical and achievable by other means.

Organic farmers associations say novel genomic techniques should be treated with caution and warn that allowing gene editing in agriculture would undermine the farm to fork strategy. A weakening of the rules on the use of genetic engineering in agriculture and food is worrying news and could leave organic food systems unprotected, said Jan Plagge, president IFOAM Europe, an international association of organic farmers.

The environmental lobby group Friends of the Earth warns food products based on gene editing would not be labelled as GMOs on shelves and new legislation could exempt a new generation of genetically-modified crops from safety checks.

However, Dima said organic farmers and conventional farmers could both thrive under a new legal framework. I think there is some common ground, in view of what we want to achieve, she said. We need to find a way to ensure coexistence.

See the rest here:
Scientists and industry cheer outcome of Commission study on gene editing - Science Business

The world is passing through a calamitous situation with the ongoing pandemic of Covid-19 striking the global population in multiple waves since its onset in December 2019. The pandemic has severely challenged the administrative machineries of the governments and the prevailing healthcare system.We were revelling in the marvels of modern technology with novel inventions of wireless telephony, genetic engineering and digital systems and also latest systems of healthcare, comprising potent chemical drugs and sophisticated surgical procedures. But the onslaught of the pandemic and the death toll of over three million humans that it has taken put big question marks on our technologies and systems. I would like to add that it has cast shadows on our lifestyles and beliefs too.

Pandemics in olden times were regarded as the curses of gods. But even in the present times of professedly high scientific achievements, are we in a position to explain it any better? So many theories were advanced about its origin in scientific terms but there is no satisfactory explanation yet. We seem to be wallowing in confusion and at a total loss to steer our way clearly out of this calamity.That brings us back to the ancient theory of the curse of gods and prompts us to take a holistic, a scientific-spiritualistic look at the phenomenon.

Our primordial scriptures say that pandemics are the fallout of adharma i.e. violation of the tenets of righteousness by humans. This view is further corroborated by the ancient treatises on medicine authored by Sage Charak who was the greatest exponent of Ayurveda, the science of healthy living.Righteousness is dharmathe 10 principles of human living that promote peace, progress and prosperity in the world. Let us recount these cardinal principles. These arepatience, forgiveness, mind control, regulation of the senses, cleanliness, honesty, application of intellect, true knowledge, abjuring anger and truthfulness.

It is not difficult to see how many of the above tenets of dharma and to what extent are being violated by the present generation of global humans. But the most significant violation in the current context is lack of true knowledge and its application.We are predominantly reductionist in our approach to various things in all walks of life. Modern systems of healthcare regard the human body as a conglomerate of various physical organs carrying out their specific tasks and human physiology as a play of various chemicals in the body internals. We do not take a holistic view of the bodya view that takes into account human mind, intellect, ego self, the soul and the supersoul, God. Our view also fails to consider the interconnectedness of all sentient beings in the infinite spiritual medium which is God. We are working with half knowledge, and half knowledge is dangerous.

We have a largely mechanistic outlook towards dealing with Nature. We think that we are entities outside of the inert Nature and the latter can be milked at will. We have defiled our environmental elementspolluted the air with harmful gaseous effluents, soil with chemical pesticides and fertilisers as also plastic waste, water with hazardous waste of factories and ether by microwave radiation. We have thus polluted the Panchabhut, meaning all the five primal elements of natureair, earth, water, fire and ether. This is the result of using wrong, environment-unfriendly technologies which are not in line with true knowledge. Our medical technologies and systems are also largely misaligned with true knowledge enshrined in Ayurveda.

We are paying a huge price for all this.

The pandemic is a stern reminder to the current crop of humans to revisit and refine its understanding of material nature based on the eternal wisdom of the Vedas. We need to shed our intellectual arrogance and bring about suitable changes in our living paradigms to align them with eternal true knowledge.We need to adopt a holistic approach in dealing with Mother Nature in which all sentient beings are regarded as intimately linked in both material and spiritual terms with their creator God controlling and regulating them real time. We will then be working in line with true knowledge handed down to us by the omniscient creator. Only there lies a lasting solution to the present set of catastrophic problems confronting us.

Atul Sehgal is the author ofGuide to Inner Wellness (Rupa Publications, Jan 2021). Email: atul4956@gmail.com

Read the original here:
Let's handle the pandemic holistically - The New Indian Express

Dyno Therapeutics, a Harvard University spinout working to improve gene therapy, is expanding with $100 million in new funding from tech investor Andreessen Horowitz and several other venture firms.

Since officially launching a year ago, Dyno has struck deals with Novartis, Roche and Sarepta Therapeutics to aid their efforts to develop more efficient delivery of gene therapy. But even after doubling in size to 50 employees, the company hasn't been able to keep up with demand for its services, CEO Eric Kelsic said in an interview.

"Even though it's in the very beginning, we just had so many folks who want to partner with us," said Kelsic. "This is really to meet the demand that we've seen for partnering and to enable us to both expand our [existing] partnerships, as well as to work with new partners."

Over the next two years, Dyno hopes to triple its workforce, adding employees on both the scientific side to work with partners on research as well as on the business side to develop and support those collaborations. The Series A round announced Thursday will help fund that expansion.

Eric Kelsic, CEO of Dyno Therapeutics

Courtesy of Dyno Therapeutics

Dyno emerged last May to take forward technology built by the Harvard Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering. It aims to solve some of the limitations of adeno-associated viruses, one of the main delivery vehicles for shuttling genetic material into human cells.

People can have pre-existing immunity to the protein shell, known as a capsid, that surrounds those viruses, for example. Infusion can also trigger immune responses. Other limitations include the efficiency by which genetic material is delivered into cells, the capacity capsids have to carry that material and the types of tissue the capsids can reach.

To get around those challenges, Dyno is leaning on machine learning, combined with data from in vivo research, to optimize AAVs better suited for carrying therapeutic DNA.

Engineering better AAVs is a goal that a number of new startups share, including Affinia Therapeutics and Taysha Gene Therapies. In Dyno's case, however, the company plans to design capsids for its partners rather than developing treatments itself.

All three companies are now flush with new cash, underscoring the growing investor interest. Taysha went public with a $181 million initial public offering in September 2020 and Affinia on Monday announced a $110 million venture funding round.

Manufacturing and quality control is a particular challenge for gene therapy developers and, in the past year, the Food and Drug Administration has appeared to apply closer scrutiny. Both Sarepta and competitor Pfizer, for example, have encountered delays on key research programs for Duchenne muscular dystrophy treatments due to questions on tests they use to measure their product's potency. Others have been set back by FDA requests for more information on their production processes.

Custom-designed capsids can help, Kelsic said. "Scale up is a challenge. In some cases, you need to scale up the dose in order to treat the disease and in other cases it's to scale up to treat other patients who need to benefit."

"Our platform directly helps with that," he added. "By making the delivery more efficient, that means you can actually treat the disease more effectively with a lower dose. With the efficiency being higher you can make more doses per batch and therefore treat more patients."

Deals with Novartis and Sarepta, which were announced when the company launched publicly last May, target muscle and eye diseases, respectively. Together, the two collaborations could earn Dyno up to $2 billion in partnership revenue, depending on how well the projects that emerge from them advance.

Roche, which bought the gene therapy pioneer Spark Therapeutics in 2019, came along in October with a partnership aiming at neurological and liver diseases. That deal could be worth up to $1.8 billion in milestone payments.

And if Dyno's expansion plans pay off, more announcements could be coming still.

See original here:
Dyno, in demand for its gene therapy work, raises $100M for fast expansion - BioPharma Dive

Waiving vaccine producer patents,vaccinatingthe world more quickly against COVID-19 those are the popular demands that have already been made by 100 nations of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since October 2020. It is not entirely clear why US President Joe Biden has recently adopted this much too simple concept as well. Biden has not given reasons for his change of tack, least of all officially vis--vis European partners in the EU. It might be a simple case of populism.

Regrettably, the problem of vaccine shortage is more complex than claims made by many governments and aid organizations suggest, according to which the allegedly profit-seeking pharmaceutical industry must simply be deprived of its knowledge. Firstly, there is no single patent for a single vaccine. If anything, companies have been safeguarding techniques.

Production of every single COVID vaccine is based on several patents to which different companies claim ownership or for which they've made an application. Secondly, it's not the formula that's crucial, it's the detailed knowledge of how the vaccine is actually produced. To this end, vaccine manufacturers must issue licenses, equip production facilities and train staff. Of course, the World Trade Organization is entitled to discuss those details in Geneva.

Licensing and cooperation between vaccine developers and manufacturers have been in place for quite some time. According to the EU, pharmaceutical companies have by now sealed 200 applicable technology transfer agreements worldwide. The problem is not protection of intellectual property but a lack of sufficiently large production facilities, which are currently being set up in many places. In the short term, handing over a vaccine blueprint to a generic drugs manufacturer in India or South Africa will, in the short term, be justpointless. At least this will not alleviate acute vaccine shortage in India, for example.

DW's Europe Correspondent Bernd Riegert

A vaccine based on genetic engineering such as the BioNTech/Pfizer vaccine is made up of more than 300 components which are manufactured as preliminary products in 20 different countries. Those vaccines are just like the viral vector vaccines offered by AstraZeneca or Johnson & Johnson complex biological products which cannot simply be reproduced as a generic drug, unlike a painkiller consisting of chemicals.

The European Commission is prepared to discuss patents and licenses; thus far, however, there is no proof that protection of intellectual property slows down vaccine production at least according to the findings of the World Trade Organization (WTO). The manufacturers themselves also claim that patents are not the problem and that waivers would not mean changes in production at this point.

The German Government, therefore, does the right thing by not just chimingin with Washington's simplistic, sweeping demand. For a lack of protection of their own achievements could lead to a situation in which companies become reluctant to take part in the elaborate development of new vaccines. However, BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca et al. are urgently needed, because as early as autumn it might be necessary to put booster shots against coronavirus mutations on the market.

The EU has, by the way, stipulated in its contracts on funding pharmaceutical company research that knowledge gained through public financing must be openly published for the benefit of all which means there is no patent which would have to be abolished.

The establishment of production facilities is already in progress. The aim is to produce some nine billion COVID shots this year. 11.5 billion shots are needed, however. The EU, the US, India and some other countries with large pharmaceutical companies should therefore make an effort to establish production facilities more quickly, facilitate investments and support manufacturers instead of cracking down on them.

The US, Britain and India, for instance, could help if they refrained from stockpiling preliminary products for vaccine production, or by imposing an export ban on those products. Currently, supply chains across all continents are a huge problem. The EU tries to plead innocent, referring to its altruistic actions: Thus far, 200 million COVID shots have been exported from the EU to Asia and Africa. If US President Biden wished to offer short-term help as well, he could, at long last, give the green light to exporting COVID vaccines from the US.

If we want to achieve that developing countries receive more vaccines quickly, we must simply share the scarce vaccines at our disposal today. It is rather doubtful that governments in Germany, Europe or the US can push through such a policy vis--vis their respective populations. Simple concepts and a demand for waiving patents of little relevance are a much more practicable approach.

Regrettably, that approach will also be ineffective.

Follow this link:
Opinion: COVID vaccine patents are not the issue - DW (English)

Industry Growth Insights published a new data on CRISPR Genome Editing Market. The research report is titled CRISPR Genome Editing Market research by Types (Genetic Engineering, Gene Library, Human Stem Cells, Others), By Applications (Biotechnology Companies, Pharmaceutical Companies, Others), By Players/Companies Editas Medicine, CRISPR Therapeutics, Horizon Discovery, Sigma-Aldrich, Genscript, Sangamo Biosciences, Lonza Group, Integrated DNA Technologies, New England Biolabs, Origene Technologies, Transposagen Biopharmaceuticals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Caribou Biosciences, Precision Biosciences, Cellectis, Intellia Therapeutics. As per the latest research CRISPR Genome Editing market is expected to expand at a CAGR of xx% in the forecast period.

Get Exclusive Free Sample Report: https://industrygrowthinsights.com/request-sample/?reportId=136905

Report Attributes

Report Details

Report Title

CRISPR Genome Editing Market Research Report

By Type

Genetic Engineering, Gene Library, Human Stem Cells, Others

By Application

Biotechnology Companies, Pharmaceutical Companies, Others

By Companies

Editas Medicine, CRISPR Therapeutics, Horizon Discovery, Sigma-Aldrich, Genscript, Sangamo Biosciences, Lonza Group, Integrated DNA Technologies, New England Biolabs, Origene Technologies, Transposagen Biopharmaceuticals, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Caribou Biosciences, Precision Biosciences, Cellectis, Intellia Therapeutics

Regions Covered

North America, Europe, APAC, Latin America, MEA

Base Year

2020

Historical Year

2018 to 2019 (Data from 2010 can be provided as per availability)

Forecast Year

2028

Number of Pages

245

Number of Tables & Figures

172

Customization Available

Yes, the report can be customized as per your need.

The global CRISPR Genome Editing market is segmented on the basis of:

Types

Genetic Engineering, Gene Library, Human Stem Cells, Others

The product segment provides information about the market share of each product and the respective CAGR during the forecast period. It lays out information about the product pricing parameters, trends, and profits that provides in-depth insights of the market. Furthermore, it discusses latest product developments & innovation in the market.

Applications

Biotechnology Companies, Pharmaceutical Companies, Others

The application segment fragments various applications of the product and provides information on the market share and growth rate of each application segment. It discusses the potential future applications of the products and driving and restraining factors of each application segment.

Buy The Complete Report: https://industrygrowthinsights.com/checkout/?reportId=136905

Some of the companies that are profiled in this report are:

We have studied the CRISPR Genome Editing Market in 360 degrees via. both primary & secondary research methodologies. This helped us in building an understanding of the current market dynamics, supply-demand gap, pricing trends, product preferences, consumer patterns & so on. The findings were further validated through primary research with industry experts & opinion leaders across countries. The data is further compiled & validated through various market estimation & data validation methodologies. Further, we also have our in-house data forecasting model to predict market growth up to 2028.

Regional Analysis

Note: A country of choice can be added in the report at no extra cost. If more than one country needs to be added, the research quote will vary accordingly.

The geographical analysis part of the report provides information about the product sales in terms of volume and revenue in regions. It lays out potential opportunities for the new entrants, emerging players, and major players in the region. The regional analysis is done after considering the socio-economic factors and government regulations of the countries in the regions.

For Any Questions On This Report, Please Visit: https://industrygrowthinsights.com/enquiry-before-buying/?reportId=136905

How you may use our products:

Get Exclusive Free Sample Report: https://industrygrowthinsights.com/request-sample/?reportId=136905

8 Reasons to Buy This Report

Contact Info: Name: Alex MathewsAddress: 500 East E Street, Ontario,CA 91764, United States.Phone No: USA: +1 909 414 1393Email: [emailprotected]Website: https://industrygrowthinsights.com

More:
Global CRISPR Genome Editing Market by Type (Genetic Engineering, Gene Library, Human Stem Cells, Others), By Application (Biotechnology Companies,...

Like almost all science journalists, the idea that Covid would appear at the Wuhan Institute of Virology (IVW), the city of origin of the pandemic, has been dismissed as a conspiracy theory. Not after reading a report by veteran Nicholas Wade on the Medium website at the suggestion of another animal, lvaro Pereira Jnior.

Not that Donald Trump or Jair Bolsonaro rightly spread the news that the Sars-CoV-2 virus was made by Chinese to bring the world to its knees, far from it. But no one has proven that they were completely wrong; It cannot be ruled out that the corona accidentally escaped from the IVW.

Wade thoroughly reconstructed the pros and cons of the two competing explanations for the virus appearance. The most widely accepted indicates that bats are a natural repository of the pathogen that would have jumped onto humans from an unidentified host (pangolins have been mentioned, but there is no evidence of this).

The other theory is that Sars-CoV-2 infected people from the laboratory of virologist Shi Zengli at the IVW, possibly his staff. Neither hypothesis can be ruled out, but Wade a journalist who has studied genetic engineering since its inception in the 1970s argues that the evidence supports the latter.

First, some reasons he had queued against declaring a natural origin for the zoonosis. No population of bats has been found with this particular variety of coronavirus, which incidentally have difficulty infecting them, nor with the intermediate animal.

Caves, where there are many suspicious chiropters, are 1,500 km from Wuhan, and the beetles do not fly more than 50 km. There is no biological or molecular evidence that Sars-CoV-2 has undergone changes characteristic of the adaptations expected in a long inter-species transfer process.

There is no medical record of atypical pneumonia nearby where bat and human populations are in close contact (this is not the case with Wuhan). Previous cases of Covid have been discovered that had nothing to do with the market, which was originally cited as a base in the city.

Articles by critics of conspiracy theory claim that the new coronavirus does not bear the scars typical of laboratory-built viruses. Wade counters that there are other techniques to modify their genomes that would not leave the traces skeptics seek.

Shi specialized in collecting bats and beta coronaviruses in caves and in the genetic manipulation of the pathogen. The experiments involved gain in function: modification of proteins such as S (Spike) to increase infectivity in human cells under the pretext of acquiring knowledge in order to identify wild varieties with pandemic potential.

In the fall, before the Covid outbreak was detected in Wuhan, IVW officials fell ill with symptoms compatible with Covid and were hospitalized. The Chinese government sealed all the institutes records and documents and controlled the steps taken by the WHO commission investigating the origin of Sars-CoV-2, which is far from conclusive.

The report lists intricate technical details that indicate a laboratory leak. Things like sequences of genetic letters (bases), which are typical of humans, which are used in experiments to obtain function, also by Shi ironically with funds from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH).

Reading Wades investigation becomes mandatory. Especially for those who, like me, very much rejected an artificial origin for the new coronavirus because Trump and Bolsonaro could only have a lie.

PRESENT LINK: Did you like this column? The subscriber can release five free hits of each link per day. Just click the blue F below.

Read more from the original source:
Nobody has proven that Trump and Bolsonaro were wrong in the origin of Sars-CoV-2 08/05/2021 Marcelo Leite KSU | The Sentinel Newspaper - KSU | The...

Key Business and Financial Highlights

Note: All financials referenced in this release are in conformity with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and comparisons in this release are to the same period in the prior year unless otherwise noted.

BUFFALO, N.Y., May 06, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- 22nd Century Group,Inc. (NYSE American: XXII), a leading plant-based, biotechnology company focused on tobacco harm reduction, reduced nicotine tobacco, and hemp/cannabis research, announced today that the Company filed its 2021 First Quarter Report on Form 10-Q with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company will provide a business update for investors on a live audio webcast to be held today at 10:00 a.m. ET.

James A. Mish, chief executive officer of 22nd Century Group, together with Michael Zercher, president and chief operating officer, and John Franzino, chief financial officer, will host the webcast. Interested parties are invited to participate by visiting the Events section on the Companys Investor Relations website at http://www.xxiicentury.com/investors/events. Following prepared remarks, the Company will host a Q&A session during which management will accept questions from industry analysts. Investors, shareholders, and members of the media will also have the opportunity to submit their questions through the interactive webcast.

Our 2021 is off to an exciting start as we anticipate achieving multiple key milestones that will dramatically expand our commercial opportunities in both our tobacco and hemp/cannabis franchises, said James A. Mish, chief executive officer of 22nd Century Group. I remain highly confident in our MRTP authorization. We continue to steadily increase our advocacy activities at both the federal and state levels to achieve MRTP authorization, in support of this critical public health issue. In addition to our primary VLN launch strategy to go to market within 90 days of authorization, we remain willing to license our technology to every cigarette manufacturer to help them join us in our efforts to reduce the harm caused by smoking and to protect future generations from ever becoming addicted to cigarettes. Our technology and capabilities make the FDAs reduced nicotine mandate feasible. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 80% of U.S. adult cigarette smokers favor requiring cigarette makers to reduce nicotine levels in cigarettes, so they are less addictive.

The first quarter also saw a continued strong cadence of moves by both state and federal government bodies advancing marijuana legalization, including positive changes in policy on both the medical and recreational use cases, Mish continued. 22nd Century has established a strong position in the upstream hemp/cannabis market through our focus on plant genetics and IP critical to the successful commercialization of consumer products at the scale the market will ultimately demand. In doing so, we have positioned ourselves to provide valuable, tailored plant lines similar to a boutique Monsanto focused on high-value markets, including tobacco, hemp/cannabis, and our third franchise.

Tobacco Franchise Highlights and Recent Key Events

Hemp/Cannabis Franchise Highlights and Recent Key Events

2021 Priorities and Areas of Focus

2021 First Quarter Financial Results

Balance Sheet and Liquidity

First Quarter Earnings Conference Call

22nd Century will host a live audio webcast today at 10:00 a.m.ET to discuss its first quarter 2021 financial results and business highlights. Following prepared remarks, the Company will host a Q&A session during which management will accept questions from interested analysts. Investors, shareholders, and members of the media will also have the opportunity to pose questions to management by submitting questions through the interactive webcast during the event.

James A. Mish, chief executive officer of 22nd Century Group, together with Michael Zercher, chief operating officer, and John Franzino, chief financial officer, will host the webcast. Interested parties are invited to participate by visiting the Events section on the Companys Investor Relations website at http://www.xxiicentury.com/investors/events. An archived replay of the webcast and the event transcript will also be available shortly after the live event has concluded.

About 22nd Century Group,Inc.

22nd Century Group, Inc. (NYSE American: XXII) is a leading plant biotechnology company focused on technologies that alter the level of nicotine in tobacco plants and the level of cannabinoids in hemp/cannabis plants through genetic engineering, gene-editing, and modern plant breeding. 22nd Centurys primary mission in tobacco is to reduce the harm caused by smoking through the Companys proprietary reduced nicotine content tobacco cigarettes containing 95% less nicotine than conventional cigarettes. The Companys primary mission in hemp/cannabis is to develop and commercialize proprietary hemp/cannabis plants with valuable cannabinoid profiles and desirable agronomic traits.

Learn more atxxiicentury.com, on Twitter@_xxiicentury,and onLinkedIn.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Except for historical information, all of the statements, expectations, and assumptions contained in this press release are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements typically contain terms such as anticipate, believe, consider, continue, could, estimate, expect, explore, foresee, goal, guidance, intend, likely, may, plan, potential, predict, preliminary, probable, project, promising, seek, should, will, would, and similar expressions. Actual results might differ materially from those explicit or implicit in forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially are set forth in Risk Factors in the Companys Form 10-K filed on March 11, 2021. All information provided in this release is as of the date hereof, and the Company assumes no obligation to and does not intend to update these forward-looking statements, except as required by law.

Below is a table containing information relating to the Companys Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, including a reconciliation of net (loss) income to Adjusted EBITDA for such periods.

1Fav = Favorable variance, which increases Adjusted EBITDA; Unfav = unfavorable variance, which reduces Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA, which the Company defines as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, as adjusted by the Company for certain non-cash and non-operating expenses, as well as certain one-time expenses, is a financial measure not prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). In order to calculate Adjusted EBITDA, the Company adjusts the net (loss) income for certain non-cash and non-operating income and expense items listed in the table above in order to measure the Companys operating performance. The Company believes that Adjusted EBITDA is an important measure that supplements discussions and analysis of its operations and enhances an understanding of its operating performance. While management considers Adjusted EBITDA to be important, it should be considered in addition to, but not as a substitute for or superior to, other measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP, such as operating loss, net (loss) income and cash flows from operations. Adjusted EBITDA is susceptible to varying calculations and the Companys measurement of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to those of other companies.

Investor Relations & Media Contact:Mei KuoDirector, Communications & Investor Relations22nd Century Group, Inc.(716) 300-1221mkuo@xxiicentury.com

The rest is here:
22nd Century Group Reports Business Highlights and Financial Results for the First Quarter 2021 - GlobeNewswire

SEATTLE--(BUSINESS WIRE)--According to Coherent Market Insights, the global CRISPR and CAS gene market is estimated to be valued at US$ 830.7 million in 2020 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 22.8% during the forecast period (2020-2027).

Key Trends and Analysis of the Global CRISPR and CAS Gene Market:

Key trends in the market include increasing research and development activities, product launches, inorganic activities such as collaborations, and others.

Key players are focusing on increasing research and development for new treatments for genetic disorders, which is expected to drive the growth of the global CRISPR and CAS gene market over the forecast period. For instance, in June 2019, GlaxoSmithKline Plc partnered with gene-editing pioneers based at the University of California (UC) to establish a new laboratory that aims to speed up discovery of new treatments by exploring how gene mutations cause disease, and developing new CRISPR-based technologies.

Market players are indulged in launching new kits, which is expected to drive growth of the market over the forecast period. For instance, in June 2019, Synthego, a global genome engineering solutions company, announced the launch of the Gene Knockout Kit v2. This is the only product that leverages a novel bioinformatics- powered multi-guide strategy to guarantee a gene knockout. The kit will accelerate research by saving scientists from multiple trial-and-error cycles in optimizing their CRISPR experiment.

Request for Sample pages of report @ https://www.coherentmarketinsights.com/insight/request-sample/2598

Various biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies are focusing on collaborations to conduct research and development for treatment of diseases such as cancer, AIDS, genetic diseases, and others, which is expected to drive growth of the market. For instance, in October 2019, CRISPR Therapeutics and Bayer announced plans for a joint venture between CRISPR Therapeutics and Bayer and Casebia Therapeutics would operate under the direct management of CRISPR Therapeutics. Casebia Therapeutics would focus on the development of its lead programs in hemophilia, ophthalmology, and autoimmune diseases.

Key Market Takeaways:

Increasing prevalence of genetic disorders such as Downs syndrome, Sickle cell anemia, and Huntingtons disease worldwide is expected to drive the growth of the global CRISPR and CAS gene market over the forecast period. For instance, according to National Health Service (NHS) U.K., 2018 report, the highest rate of Huntingtons disease in the U.K. is 12 per 100,000 people.

Among all the regions, North America is expected to hold a dominant position in the global CRISPR and CAS gene market over the forecast period, owing to the increasing number of research studies regarding the CRISPR and CAS gene technology in the region. For instance, in 2017, Editas partnered with Juno Therapeutics for cancer-related research using CRISPR. Under the terms of the agreement, Juno had to pay Editas an initial payment of US$ 25 million, in which up to US$ 22 million will be used in research support for three programs over five years.

Competitive Landscape:

Key players operating in the global CRISPR and CAS gene market include Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Merck KGaA (Sigma-Aldrich), OriGene Technologies, Inc., New England Biolabs, Cellecta, Inc., Agilent Technologies, Inc., Applied StemCell, Inc., Synthego, Genscript, Mirus Bio LLC, Integrated DNA Technologies, Inc., and Mammoth Biosciences, Inc.

Buy-Now this Research Report @ https://www.coherentmarketinsights.com/insight/buy-now/2598

Market Segmentation:

About Us:

Coherent Market Insights is a global market intelligence and consulting organization focused on assisting our plethora of clients achieve transformational growth by helping them make critical business decisions. We are headquartered in India, having sales office at global financial capital in the U.S. and sales consultants in United Kingdom and Japan. Our client base includes players from across various business verticals in over 57 countries worldwide.

Read more from the original source:
Global CRISPR and CAS Gene Market to Surpass US$ 3494.4 Million by 2027, Says Coherent Market Insights (CMI) - Business Wire