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Category Archives: Transhuman News

Libertarians Back Florida Cannabis Legalization, $5M From Hemp Execs To GOP: Green Waves In Red States – Benzinga

Posted: July 17, 2024 at 11:38 pm

A recent report by Beacon Securities, on the cannabis industry in Florida provides insights into campaign donations, political endorsements, market competition, and financial forecasts.

According to the report the Libertarian Party of Florida has formally endorsed the adult-use legalization measure. This endorsement could signal a shift in voter sentiment, as the party advocates for personal freedom regarding cannabis use. The growing political support from various parties highlights the increasing acceptance of cannabis legalization.

CBS News reported that hemp executives pledged $5M in donations to Floridas Republican Party after Governor DeSantis vetoed a bill that would have negatively impacted the hemp industry.

The report indicated that the veto was seen as a strategic move, with WhatsApp messages from the group Save Florida Hemp suggesting the veto secured the hemp industry's alignment with Governor DeSantis against the adult-use legalization measure on the November ballot.

Read Also:Ron DeSantis, Florida's GOP And Hemp Industry Pile On To Defeat Marijuana Legalization

Trulieve Cannabis TCNNF, leading the market with 140 locations, continues to expand, recently opening a new dispensary in Gulf Breeze. Verano Holdings follows with 77 locations, aiming to increase its market presence.

The competition among major players like Trulieve, Curaleaf CURLF, and Verano VRNOF is intensifying, with each company employing strategies to capture more market share.

Data from the Florida Department of Health shows that these companies are driving significant sales of both flower and oil-based products, as per Beacons report.

Verano Holdings and Curaleaf Holdings are expected to report their Q2 results on August 7th, with Verano forecasting revenue and adjusted EBITDA at the lower end of estimates.

Rescheduling and elimination of 280E tax penalties are anticipated to substantially boost operating cash flow and free cash flow for these companies.

Read Next:How A Trump Return Could Reshape Marijuana Policy

These issues will be a hot topicat the upcoming Benzinga Cannabis Capital Conference in Chicago this Oct. 8-9. Join us to get more insight into what the wave of weed legalization means for the future of investing in theindustry. Hear directly from top executives, investors, advocates, and policymakers.Get your tickets nowbefore prices go up by followingthis link.

Photo: AI-Generated Image.

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Meet Thomas Vanhercke: innovating with passion – CSIRO

Posted: July 15, 2024 at 10:33 pm

By James Chesters 16 July 2024 4 min read

Senior scientist Thomas Vanhercke didnt plan his career as much as he could have. When he was growing up, he followed his passion instead.

"In science you must be driven by passion, an insatiable thirst for knowledge, and lots of patience, Thomas says.

People always say to follow your heart. It might seem trivial, but its very important.

Following his passion has made Thomas who he is today. His passion for genetics started in high school. Then, he pursued a MSc and PhD in Bioengineering at Ghent University the birthplace of plant genetic engineering.Thomas was intrigued by how genetic research can be applied in agriculture.

Today, Thomas passion and skills make him an expert in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. This involves genetically engineering microbes and plants to produce specific ingredients and molecules.Thomas leads teams tackling some of the biggest hurdles in food and agriculture.

Thomas Vanhercke currently leads our Synthetic Traits group, overseeing novel protein production research for our Future Protein mission.

Our agricultural and food systems face some serious challenges. From adapting to a changing climate to shifting towards more sustainable practices, Thomas says.

By 2050, the global population will reach 9.7 billion . This will cause the worlds annual demand for protein to almost double. With no more land available for grazing cattle, our current ways of producing protein cant meet future demand.

Malnutrition also remains one of the worlds greatest challenges. Even if food is readily available, people are often undernourished. This is from diets lacking in micronutrients like iron and zinc.

But Thomas is fascinated with how genetic engineering can unlock solutions to agricultural challenges. He sees opportunities where others see problems.

Our Future Protein research brings together expertise from many scientific disciplines and sectors. Were here to tackle the challenges ahead through a coordinated and sustained effort.

Thomas oversees novel protein production research for our Future Protein purpose-led innovation initiative. This means harnessing the potential in existing food streams to produce high-value ingredients.

Technologies like precision fermentation and molecular farming sound futuristic. But they help complement traditional food systems, such as livestock and broadacre crops.

Our scientists use precision fermentation and molecular farming to engineer microbes and plants. Theyre cooking up specific, customised molecules to serve as new ingredients. These will enhance the taste, texture, colour or mouthfeel of our foods.

This process has a long and safe history in supplementing and diversifying our foods. Technological advances have brought down the cost of precision fermentation. So now were using it to create new, high-value food products.

Were not just improving the consumer experience. Precision fermentation can create ingredients that address other concerns such as sustainability, nutrition, or animal welfare, Thomas says.

Red meat, dairy, and seafood are here to stay. These animal-based proteins will continue playing a vital role in human diets globally.

Proteins made through precision fermentation using ingredients like yeast complement animal-based sources. Theyll help us meet growing demand, without sacrificing on quality. This holistic approach offers more protein choices to suit individual dietary, nutritional and taste preferences.

Were not just improving the consumer experience. Precision fermentation can create ingredients that address other concerns such as sustainability, nutrition, or animal welfare, Thomas says.

Thomas says were starting to see lot of activity and investment in this space. This includes developing hybrid food products that combine animal-, plant- and fermentation-derived ingredients.

I think the next exciting frontier will be the boundaries between different food production systems. For example, making sure that no food byproducts go to waste, he says.

Thomas also heads up our Synthetic Traits research, applying engineering principles to plants. Their successes include developing the science for canola crops with high levels of healthy omega-3 oils.

Synthetic biology applies engineering principles to biology. In other words, creating solutions from natures building blocks.

For example, Thomas and his team are working on new crops that can convert their own nitrogen for growth. This will help farmers to use less nitrogen fertiliser which impacts the environment while still growing enough food.

Thomas is clear that great science needs diversity. He believes that innovation relies on people with different knowledge and skills coming together. This diversity could range from technical expertise to research infrastructure. It incorporates business development and intellectual property knowledge, as well as delving into market trends.

No one can do everything by themselves, we each stand on the shoulders of many others, Thomas says.

Diversity of knowledge, experience, and thought are critical, he says.

Thomas has big ideas about how to inspire the next generation of scientists. He believes role models, mentoring, and a strong science curriculum are all important.

I encountered several inspiring people along the way who have gently helped me in stepping outside my comfort zones and have pushed me in the right direction, Thomas says.

Hopefully I am continuing their example by inspiring others around me.

Since taking on more responsibilities as a leader, Thomas doesnt get to spend as much time in the lab. Sometimes wearing a white coat can feel odd. But he takes satisfaction in mentoring others and seeing the excitement when a great result comes in.

Thomas doesnt hesitate when asked what he enjoys most about his work.

I love collaborating with colleagues from diverse science backgrounds when developing new ideas. And thinking about the next frontier in research innovation and impact. That is really the coolest part of my job, he says.

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Moolenaar, Lawmakers Seek Answers After USDA Approves Chinese Genetically Engineered Soybeans – Select Committee on the CCP |

Posted: at 10:33 pm

WASHINGTON D.C. --Chairman John Moolenaar (R-MI) of the House Select Committee on the Chinese Communist Party wrote to Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack, inquiring why the U.S. Department of Agriculture greenlit a Chinese agricultural biotech company with close links to the Chinese government operating in the United States. The firm, Qi Biodesign, is a company that makes genetically engineered soybean seeds and was prioritized for USDA regulatory approval ahead of many American agricultural companies that currently face extensive delays.

Select Committee Members Neal Dunn (R-FL), Dusty Johnson (SD), Ashley Hinson (R-IA), Carlos Gimenez (R-FL), and Ben Cline (R-VA) joined the letter.

The lawmakers outline a host of concerns writing,Qi Biodesign and other PRC firms like it are directly supported by the PRC government with the explicit purpose to replicate and replace U.S. agriculture biotechnology. While the PRC is clear-eyed about its desire to never allow its agriculture industry to be reliant on foreign technology, it appears the USDA is approving PRC agriculture biotechnology without concern for U.S. supply chains or trade negotiations. USDAs clearance of Qi Biodesigns products undermines years of hard-nosed U.S. trade demands and could make U.S. farmers complicit in the PRCs desire to replace them.

In an era when the Chinese government forbids U.S. agricultural companies from operating in China, Chairman Moolenaar underscores how perplexing it is for USDA to extend these benefits to companies beholden to our chief adversary. Moreover, the decision to welcome a Chinese government-backed company that sells genetically engineered soybeans into the U.S. raises serious questions for American consumers that mistrust genetic engineering in China.

Government-backed actors from China also have a long history of stealing U.S. agricultural intellectual property, with some going as far as digging up seeds in U.S. farm fields to smuggle back to China. In light of the growing threat, Chairman Moolenaar requests the Secretary of Agriculture that immediately revisit the regulatory status review for Qi Biodesign and asks for a briefing to address the following questions:

Read the lawmakers' letter to the FDAHERE.

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PoLoPo: The startup making egg protein from potatoes – ISRAEL21c

Posted: at 10:33 pm

Over the past few years more and more companies have been hitting the food market with enticing offers of plant-based protein.

While this may be great news for vegans, plant-based proteins are incomplete because they are low in at least one essential amino acid. Animal-based proteins, meanwhile, contain all nine essential amino acids.

But what if we were to find a way to produce animal protein from plants?

Israel-based startup PoLoPo says it can produce protein from potatoes that is identical to protein derived from chicken eggs.

We use the plant molecular farming method, which is production of valuable metabolites and proteins [through the manipulation of the cell factory] in the plant, PoLoPo CEO and cofounder Maya Sapir-Mir tells ISRAEL21c.

We teach the plant to generate properties that originate in a completely different biological source, she adds.

Essentially, molecular farming entails insertion of genes useful for food production, through genetic engineering, into host plants that would otherwise not express those genes.

Regular potatoes already contain protein, but in very small quantities. Through molecular farming, PoLoPo specialists have created a new strain of potatoes.

The company claims this one-of-a-kind strain produces a lot more protein, and its molecular consistency is indistinguishable from egg protein, which is rich in ovalbumin a major protein component of egg white.

Our market product will be functional protein powder generated from our potato strain, explains Sapir-Mir.

PoLoPo was officially founded in 2022 by Sapir-Mir and her longtime research partner, Raya Liberman-Aloni.

The two plant scientists met 17 years ago during their doctoral studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, specializing in metabolic engineering of plants.

We were researching the behavior of proteins in plants from citrus fruits to tomatoes, and even tobacco, explains Sapir-Mir.

We were always the odd ones out in academia, she laughs.

In 2017, the two women came up with a business idea to create a plant that produces animal protein for the food industry.

It took us some time to settle on potatoes, but once we got there, all the other pieces started falling into place.

PoLoPo is still in the research and development (R&D) phase. It has raised over $2 million so far in its first and only funding round, which allowed the company to weather the storm of October 7 relatively unscathed.

We have just opened our second funding round that hopefully will jumpstart us from the R&D phase to commercial phase, says Sapir-Mir.

The company, which has six full-time employees and three part-time workers, hopes its product will hit the market by 2027.

Sapir-Mir admits, however, the company will not be able to operate commercially in Israel or Europe due to strict regulations applied on GMO (genetically modified organisms) products.

The plan is to first enter the market in the United States. Weve already applied for a USDA permit to grow our plants in the US, she explains.

She adds that in the future the restrictions on genetically modified food products in Israel and Europe will likely be eased because theres no food security without GMO.

The food industry utilizes egg protein, normally generated from egg whites, in very, very large quantities, explains Sapir-Mir.

Ovalbumin has a host of valuable and functional properties revered by the food industry.

If you were to take a random product off a supermarket shelf and look at the label, theres a good chance youd see egg protein among the ingredients, she says.

Sapir-Mir adds that egg protein is used commercially in sweets, meat products, baked goods and even plant-based milk.

Once our product becomes fully commercialized, scaleup will be very easy. And at full scale, we will have competitive pricing compared to other commercial egg proteins on the market, notes Sapir-Mir.

Our hope is that one day our product replaces egg protein entirely.

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Libertarians in a Quandry Does the State, or the National Organization get to Name their Presidential Pick on the Colorado Ballot? – The Ark Valley…

Posted: July 14, 2024 at 12:57 am

Well, now its getting interesting. First, there was a mad scramble to collect signatures to place Robert F. Kennedy Jr. who had been running as an independent candidate, on the states Libertarian ballot. State Libertarians accomplished that.

But now the national Libertarian party has filed paperwork that counters that effort. Turns out that the official paperwork has designated the Libertarian national candidate Chase Oliver as their Colorado general election ballot name.

A month ago, the state LIbertarian party held a vote and rejected the national nominee; which is what led to the wild petition process to select Kennedy. The agreement with the Kennedy campaign included getting him to agree to a set of state party principles and a fundraising collaboration.

With the petition process complete, the Colorado Libertarians got set to file documents making Kennedy and his VP pick California lawyer Nicole Shanahan, the partys official nominees in the state. At that moment the national partys secretary, Caryn Ann Harlos who happens to live in Castle Rock, filed ahead of them. Her forms nominated Oliver and his running mate, Michael ter Maat.

Colorado law is silent on intra-party conflicts regarding candidate nominations, according to the spokesman for the Colorado Secretary of States Office Jack Todd, in an email to Colorado Politics. But he added that parties can not place multiple candidates on the ballot for president and vice president.

What to do?

According to Colorado Politics, both sides accusing the other of going rogue and suggesting the dispute could land in court.

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What’s the Best Argument for Libertarianism? – Reason

Posted: at 12:57 am

Free State Project activist Dennis Pratt and Soho Forum Director Gene Epstein debate the resolution, "A better way to persuade more people of libertarianism is to convince them of the ethics stemming from self-ownership and the non-aggression principle, without relying primarily on consequentialist/utilitarian arguments."

Dennis Pratt, a libertarian writer and activist in New Hampshire, took the affirmative, arguing that the consequentialist arguments typical of libertarian economists are only narrowly effective, don't represent the core of libertarianism, and are too difficult for most people to quickly grasp. The philosophy of self-ownership, he said, has far more force in its ability to persuade the most people.

Soho Forum Director Gene Epstein disagreed. While he espouses the same philosophy as his opponent, he made the argument that the empirical facts related to the poor results of government interventions can get many people to rethink their anti-libertarian assumptions.

The debate occurred on June 20, 2024, at the Porcupine Freedom Festival in Lancaster, New Hampshire, and was moderated by Free State Project founder Jason Sorens.

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Kennedy Gains Libertarian Ballot Access in Colorado – by Jan Wondra – The Ark Valley Voice

Posted: at 12:57 am

His supporters were out in force (literally) appearing around the (nonpolitical) FIBArk events, waving petitions, and talking up his candidacy and now it is official. The Robert F. Kennedy Jr. -Shanahan campaign has petitioned its way onto the Libertarian ballot slot in Colorado for president and vice president.

Robert F. Kennedy Jr. Courtesy of NBC News

In an announcement on July 3, the Kennedy campaign said it looks forward to joining forces with the Libertarian Party of Colorado to canvass, phone bank, and turn out the vote for Kennedy and the American freedoms that we will together restore.

It points out that the partnership with the Libertarian Party of Colorado is intended to disrupt the entrenched two-party system and provide Colorado voters with a viable alternative to our last two presidents disastrous status quo in the upcoming 2024 presidential election.

Kennedy, whose own, rich, famous family has disavowed his politics, and his stance on issues, is running as an anti-vaccination, anti-government, free-market, less regulation candidate. He often touts conspiracy theories and has been accused of everything from sexual assault to bar-b-qing a dog. He recently sat for an interview in which he reported that he had a flesh-eating worm (pork tapeworm) in his brain and added that it didnt impact his reasoning.

Thank you, Libertarian Party of Colorado and Chair Hannah Goodman for your visionary leadership in defense of freedom, said Kennedy. Together, we will win the White House and steadfastly protect the Bill of Rights, the First and Second Amendments, and all the foundational liberties they secure. Our administration will restore free markets, end corporate welfare, stop the money-printing and unwind the war machine it fuels. On day one, I will pardon Edward Snowden, Ross Ulbricht, and all political and corporate whistleblowers who protect our democracy.

It remains to be seen what such a high-profile third-party candidate might do to the presidential race; but many political observers say that his appeal leans toward the right, and could take votes away from GOP presumptive nominee Donald Trump.

The Libertarian Party of Colorado partnership is a testament to Kennedys unifying independent run and how the campaign is bringing this country together, said Libertarian Colorado State Director Isaac James. Our movement has universal appeal because of its common sense values, rooted in the founding principles of our country, and its rejection of the divisive fear narratives used by the establishment parties to steal the wealth of our children and keep their corrupt hold on power.

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Libertarians in standoff over presidential ticket in Colorado; divided Republicans plan dueling meetings over Dave Williams; Social Security can be…

Posted: at 12:57 am

Today is July 11, 2024, and here's what you need to know:

Rival factions of the Colorado Republican Party have scheduled separate meetings a week apart in different corners of the state later this month to consider whether to remove Dave Williams as the state party's chairman, though the meeting set by Williams' allies is only planned to last long enough to gavel in and then immediately recess.

Leaders of both groups accuse the others of staging "illegal" and "fraudulent" meetings in what they characterize as attempts to hijack the state Republican Party for their own gain, even as GOP candidates are left scrambling to prepare for a crucial election just months away.

The Libertarian Party of Colorado's plans to place independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. on the state's ballot hit a snag this week when a national party official filed paperwork instead designating the Libertarians' presidential nominee, Chase Oliver, to Colorado's general election ballot.

The move has led to a standoff between the state and national Libertarian parties over which has the authority to put a presidential and vice presidential ticket in front of Colorado voters, with both sides accusing the other of going rogue and suggesting the dispute could land in court.

After voting a month ago to reject the ticket nominated by the national party, the state Libertarians' board announced last week that it would nominate Kennedy after reaching what it described as a "groundbreaking partnership" with his campaign. Elements of the agreement included securing the candidate's signature on a pledge to abide by a list of the party's principles and an intention to collaborate on fundraising, the party said.

A new panel of Colorado lawmakers, officials and industry experts met for the first time on Tuesday to take a closer look at gaps in cell phone coverage across the state.

The newly formed Cell Phone Connectivity Interim Study Committee has begun its work to identify gaps in coverage, particularly in rural areas and underserved communities.

Whether its for work, school, meeting virtually with your doctor, searching for directions, or contacting emergency services quality cell phone connectivity is vital, Committee Chair Rep. Meghan Lukens, D-Steamboat Springs, said. However, many of our neighbors living in rural and mountainous communities are stuck with unreliable cell services. Gaps in cell phone connectivity means Coloradans can find themselves on their own in a dangerous, emergency situation.

Colorado's second-highest court clarified last week that federal law does not prohibit a person's Social Security benefits from being diverted to pay for their ex-spouse's alimony.

Although other states' courts had addressed the issue, the Court of Appeals never previously evaluated the meaning of two provisions of federal law as applied to divorced couples. First, a person's Social Security benefits "shall not be transferable or assignable." However, those payments "shall be subject" to alimony, which Colorado refers to as "spousal maintenance."

The upshot, wrote Judge David H. Yun for a three-judge panel of the Court of Appeals, is that judges may "consider social security retirement benefits, as well as other non-assignable federal benefits, in awarding maintenance or child support, even in circumstances where the order effectively results in an indirect assignment of those benefits."

Colorado's second-highest court reversed a woman's felony convictions for child abuse resulting in death last month after concluding the instructions that a San Miguel County judge provided the jury did not include the necessary language.

Hannah Marshall, 8, and Makayla Roberts, 10, were discovered dead and decomposing in a vehicle located on Frederick Alec Blair's Norwood farm in 2017. A forensic examiner was unable to conclusively state the cause of death because of the condition of the girls' bodies, but evidence suggested long-term malnourishment near the end of their lives.

Among those charged was Madani Ceus. Jurors heard she was in charge of the group of itinerant adults and children living on the farm. At some point, the victims were banished to live in a car with no food. Ceus directed that no one contact them.

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Trump’s Veep: Better Burgum Than Vance or Rubio – Reason

Posted: at 12:57 am

Next week, the Republican National Convention will choose Donald Trump to be its nominee for the third presidential election cycle in a row. Between then and now, Trump will also choose his vice president. No one can know Trump's mind for certain, but he is believed to have settled on three finalists: Sen. J.D. Vance (ROhio), Sen. Marco Rubio (RFla.), and North Dakota Gov. Doug Burgum.

While the vice presidency is often derided as a relatively unimportant job, there are reasons to think that Trump's choice could have significant ramifications in the future. When Trump does, at long last, exit the political stage, his most recent veep will be a likely contender for the Republican presidential nomination in subsequent cycles. Vance, Rubio, and Burgum all share certain similaritiesin that they are Republicans who strongly support Trumpbut they are also distinct personalities with significant policy differences.

When Ronald Reagan ran the party, he famously used the metaphor of a three-legged stool to describe modern conservatism, with the legs being neoconservatism (on foreign policy), religious conservatism (on social issues), and libertarianism (on economics). This triple alliance continued through the George W. Bush administration, but Trump shattered it when he won the nomination and the presidency in 2016. Neoconservatism, in particular, fell out of fashion with the GOP; Trump also pushed the party to move away from economic libertarianism, at least on trade.

The battle for control of the GOP's ideological direction is still being fought, and Trump's veep and eventual successor could play a decisive role in winning it. (Trump is himself not particularly ideological.) For libertarians who would like to see the Republican Party adopt a more market-friendly platform wherever possible, the vice presidency has some stakes.

It's unfortunate, then, that Trump's seemingly most likely choiceVanceis also the least libertarian by far.

Vance first came to public attention after publishingHillbilly Elegy, a memoir about his adolescence in Appalachia. The book chronicled the decay of the American Rust Belt and the resulting social instability among the working class, and it helped explain Trump's appeal to blue-collar voters. It is notable, however, that at the time, Vance did not endorsethe phenomenon he was describing. In fact,Hillbilly Elegylargely avoids scapegoating market forcesand instead asserts that the struggling members of Vance's community were wrong to blame their problems on sinister outsiders.

Unfortunately, avoiding demagoguery is not a winning strategy when seeking higher office. Today, Vance is a committed populist who embraces tariffs and protectionism. He has called for the federal government to break upGoogle. He has even praised Federal Trade Commission Chairwoman Lina Khan, a Joe Biden appointee waging a one-woman crusade against major tech companiesand indirectly, their customers.

"A lot of my Republican colleagues look at Lina Khanand they say, 'Well Lina Khan is sort of engaged in some sort of fundamental evil thing," said Vance earlier this year. "And I guess I look at Lina Khan as one of the few people in the Biden administration that I think is doing a pretty good job."

Khan's entire project is empowering federal bureaucrats to gum up the operations of major companies like Amazon for the crime of efficiently and successfully meeting human needs. Vance co-signs this effort.

In truth, Vance is fond of all sorts of progressive economic ideas. Interviewed by Ross Douthat inThe New York Times, Vance showed affection for the minimum wage, explicitly rejecting libertarian arguments against it.

"You raise the minimum wage to $20 an hour, and you will sometimes hear libertarians say this is a bad thing," said Vance. "'Well, isn't McDonald's just going to replace some of the workers with kiosks?' That's a good thing, because then the workers who are still there are going to make higher wages."

Vance went on to argue that cheap immigrant labor outcompeting American workers was in fact bad and ought to be prevented by the federal government. That is Vance's ideology in a nutshell: If American workers lose their jobs because government interference sped up the process of automation, oh well. But if these same workers lose out due to free market competition, the feds should work to prevent it.

Vance is arguably more committed to anti-libertarian ideas than is Trump himself. Trump's rhetoric is often quite at odds with his actual policies, and he is capable of dramatic policy shiftslike supporting a ban on TikTok and then dramatically backpedaling. When Trump's former secretary of defense raised the idea of mandatory national military service, Trump called it a "ridiculous idea." Vance has said he is in support of some version of the proposal, however. If Vance becomes the vice president, he will be well-positioned to hone Trump's populist instincts and bring the policy in line with the rhetoric.

Rubio, by contrast, is not a very sincere populist. He entered the Senate in 2011 as part of the Tea Party wave; his instincts at the time were traditionally Republican, but he emphasized some limited government themes, like reining in spending and opposing congressional earmarks. He also supported immigration reform and wanted to design a pathway to citizenship for illegal immigrants living within the United States. Unlike other prominent Republicans identified with the Tea Party such as Sen. Rand Paul (RKy.), Rubio remained reflexively hawkish on foreign policy. When he ran for president in 2016, he was arguably the candidate most similar to former President George W. Bushquite a feat, given that Jeb Bush was also in the race.

One thing Rubio has in common with Vance is that both politicians completely changed their tune with respect to Trump once his conquest of the Republican Party was complete. Rubio once called Trump a "con artist" and "the most vulgar person to ever aspire to the presidency." Now he routinely defends Trump at all costs, even comparing the criminal proceedings against Trump to "show trials" of the likes of Communist Cuba.

Rubio's incoherent defenses of Trump have also caused the senator to embrace bad policies he once opposed. AsReason's Eric Boehm has noted, Rubio previously understood that raising tariffs on China would punish consumers in the U.S., the people buying the goods in question. He quite succinctly explained this to Trump during the Republican presidential primary debates in 2016. Eight years later, Rubio is not only defending tariffs on Chinahe agrees with Trump's plan to expand them.

All that said, Rubio comes across as more ideologically flexible than Vance. He has betrayed libertarian economic ideas because the current trajectory of the Republican Party is away from this philosophy. If that were to change, one suspects that Rubio would too.

This means that Burgum is the least bad choice for vice president, almost by default. The North Dakota governor has not been on the national political scene for nearly as much time as Vance or Rubio, instead emerging last year as an unlikely Republican presidential candidate during the primaries. He did not particularly distinguish himself during the debates, though he did attract some positive attention for displaying his pocket Constitution.

According to a largely sympathetic evaluation of his tenure in office, Burgum has governed as a traditional conservative: cutting taxes, improving the business climate in the state, supporting the Second Amendment, and so on. He signed a very restrictive ban on abortion, which may be a nonstarter for Trump, who has correctly surmised that this issue is currently the biggest barrier to a second Trump term. Burgum did, however, take the position that abortion is an issue for the states and should not be decided by the federal government.

Before entering politics, he was a self-made businessman who started his own software company and sold it to Microsoft for $1 billion in 2001. While success in the business world is no guarantee of fealty to libertarian economicsVance was a venture capitalist, after allit is somewhat encouraging. Political candidates invariably end up disappointing libertarians, but Burgum's record as a governor suggests that he is less likely to abandon basic free market principles at the drop of a hat.

By contrast, Vance and Rubio have already proven that they are happy to do so.

Unfortunately, none of the candidates under consideration for Trump's veep slot are particularly libertarian. Vance and Rubio, though, are not just unlibertarianthey have moved decisively in an anti-libertarian direction on economic issues where a generic Republican might be plausibly expected to at least casually align with liberty. That's ample reason to hope Trump excludes them from the ticket.

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A 3D reconstruction of the woolly mammoth genome might help revive the extinct species : Shots – Health News – NPR

Posted: July 11, 2024 at 6:50 pm

Valerii Plotnikov (left) from the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Sakha, Yakutsk, Russia, and Daniel Fisher of the University of Michigan examine a woolly mammoth unearthed during a 2018 expedition. Love Daln hide caption

Scientists have recreated the three-dimensional structure of the woolly mammoths genetic blueprint.

The accomplishment, described Thursday in the journal Cell, marks what is believed to be the first time scientists have been able to produce a multidimensional version of the genome of a complex extinct species.

The advance should provide important new insights into the biology of a creature that has long sparked fascination. In addition, the work could aid efforts to breed a living version of the animal, the researchers and others said.

Its exciting, says Erez Lieberman Aiden, a professor of of molecular and human genetics and director of the Center for Genome Architecture at the Baylor College of Medicine in Houston. We think its going to be very valuable.

For years, scientists have been able to peer back in time by analyzing fragments of ancient DNA recovered from bones, fossilized teeth, mummies and even strands of hair.

In biology, one of the most powerful tools for understanding the history of life on this planet is ancient DNA, Aiden says. Its an incredibly powerful tool for understanding the history of life.

But theres only so much scientists could learn from snippets of DNA. So Aiden and his colleagues launched an international effort to try to recreate the three-dimensional structure of the DNA, including the chromosomes, of an extinct creature.

In so doing, you would be able to see exactly how that chromosome was shaped in a living cell, and youd be able to both get a deeper understanding of the genomes of ancient and extinct species and how those genomes worked which genes were on and off in particular tissues, Aiden says.

The scientists focused on the wooly mammoth, a big, shaggy species of elephant that roamed the tundra thousands of years ago.

Initially we had embarrassingly bad ideas. Im a little ashamed to admit it, Aiden told NPR. We said, Oh, you know, that looks like a good-looking piece of mammoth on eBay. Lets try that. Its kind of a little cringe, right, to tell you that. Ebay is a bad place to get your mammoth samples.

After searching for five years, the team finally found a well-preserved mammoth sample: skin from behind the ear of a 52,000-year-old female that was discovered freeze-dried in Siberia in 2018.

It was a piece of a mammoth skin that was, you know, wooly. True to the name it was indeed woolly mammoth skin, says Olga Dudchenko, an assistant professor at the Baylor Center for Genome Architecture who worked on the research. And thats actually not as trivial as it sounds because very often the hair would be lost. So this one was hairy. And that actually is an interesting indicator in and of itself that this is a sample of substantial quality. And that immediately piqued our attention.

In fact, the quality of the sample enabled the team to extract DNA and use a technique known as Hi-C to reconstruct the three-dimensional structure of all 28 of the mammoths chromosomes the extinct creatures entire genome, the researchers reported.

We were able to assemble the genome of a woolly mammoth just as 25 years ago humans were excited for the first time to assemble our own genomes, Aiden says. Now we can do that for animals that were long extinct. Thats obviously a milestone.

Not only that, the team has been able to peer into the genome to start learning what individual genes did.

And thats really exciting to be able to look at an extinct creature and be able to say, Oh, yes. I can see this gene was on. That gene was on. This gene was off. Oh, isnt that surprising? Aiden says. To be able to do all these specific things in a woolly mammoth is exciting.

In fact, by comparing the mammoth genome to DNA from modern elephants, the scientists have already discovered clues to what made the woolly mammoth woolly.

Weve been internally discussing whether we should start Hair Club for mammoths? Dudchekno jokes.

But seriously, that insight could help efforts that are already underway to try to bring a version of the mammoth back from extinction by endowing modern-day Asian elephants with mammoth traits, such as their hairiness, and perhaps even release them to graze the tundra again.

I do think that this can be helpful for de-extinction, Aiden says.

Other scientists praised the work.

I think its pretty cool, says Vincent Lynch, an associate professor of biological sciences at the University at Buffalo who was not involved in the research.

But Lynch isnt a fan of trying to bring back the mammoth. The unintended consequences of that could be disastrous, he says. And the money for such a project would be much better spent trying to save the elephants that still roam the planet today.

Theres an huge potential for unintended consequences, Lynch says. Just think about all the other invasive species that are in the world. You dont really know the effect that species is going to have in the environment until it gets there.

And Karl Flessa, a professor of geosciences at the University of Arizona agrees on the scientific accomplishment and the foolishness of trying to bring back the extinct pachyderm.

The preservation of genetic architectures from the woolly mammoth is really remarkable, Flessa says. But just because you can do it, doesnt mean that it should be done. A genetically modified Asian elephant is not a wooly mammoth. And releasing such an animal into the wild would be arrogant and irresponsible.

Others disagree.

"It's exciting to see that 3D architecture can be preserved in ancient samples. This will help move toward a complete de novo assembled mammoth genome, which could reveal features of the genome that might be relevant to mammoth de-extinction, Eriona Hysolli, who leads a project to create an Asian elephant with mammoth traits at Colossal Laboratories & Biosciences in Dallas, wrote NPR in an email.

Still, Robert Fleischer, a senior scientist for the Center for Conservation Genomics at the Smithsonians National Zoo & Conservation Institute in Washington, says that prospect is exciting.

If I was a 12-year-old in my science class in junior high school Id probably think this was pretty cool, Fleischer says. And I still think its pretty cool.

Excerpt from:
A 3D reconstruction of the woolly mammoth genome might help revive the extinct species : Shots - Health News - NPR

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