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Category Archives: Transhuman News

Biodemography of human longevity – Wikipedia, the free …

Posted: December 20, 2013 at 4:44 pm

Biodemography is a multidisciplinary approach, integrating biological knowledge (studies on human biology and animal models) with demographic research on human longevity and survival. Biodemographic studies are important for understanding the driving forces of the current longevity revolution (dramatic increase in human life expectancy), forecasting the future of human longevity, and identification of new strategies for further increase in healthy and productive life span.

Biodemographic studies found a remarkable similarity in survival dynamics between humans and laboratory animals. Specifically, three general biodemographic laws of survival are found:

The Gompertz-Makeham law states that death rate is a sum of age-independent component (Makeham term) and age-dependent component (Gompertz function), which increases exponentially with age.

The Compensation law of mortality (late-life mortality convergence) states that the relative differences in death rates between different populations of the same biological species are decreasing with age, because the higher initial death rates are compensated by lower pace of their increase with age.

The Late-life mortality deceleration law states that death rates stop to increase exponentially at advanced ages and level-off to the late-life mortality plateau. An immediate consequence from this observation is that there is no fixed upper limit to human longevity there is no special fixed number, which separates possible and impossible values of lifespan. This challenges the common belief[1][2] in existence of a fixed maximal human life span.

Biodemographic studies found that even genetically identical laboratory animals kept in constant environment have very different lengths of life, suggesting a crucial role of chance and early-life developmental noise in longevity determination. This leads to new approaches in understanding causes of exceptional human longevity.

As for the future of human longevity, biodemographic studies found that evolution of human lifespan had two very distinct stages the initial stage of mortality decline at younger ages is now replaced by a new trend of preferential improvement of the oldest-old survival. This phenomenon invalidates methods of longevity forecasting based on extrapolation of long-term historical trends.

A general explanation of these biodemograhic laws of aging and longevity has been suggested based on system reliability theory.

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New Buck Institute study extends life span to human equivalent of 400 to 500 years

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By Richard Halstead Marin Independent Journal

The Buck Institute sits nestled in the hills of Novato, California on Thursday, Mar. 28, 2013. (IJ photo/Frankie Frost)

A new study by scientists at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging in Novato suggests that it may be possible to extend life span far longer than previously thought.

Experimenting with nematodes, the researchers combined two techniques that have previously demonstrated effectiveness in increasing the life span of a variety of organisms in the laboratory: yeast, nematodes, flies and rodents. The results, which are reported in the current online edition of "Cell Reports," surprised them.

The worms lived to the human equivalent of 400 to 500 years, about five times longer than the scientists had expected.

"When we got this result, it was kind of a shock," said Pankaj Kapahi, the lead scientist on the study and a Buck faculty member.

Kapahi said in addition to implications for human life extension, the study's results could also lead to new approaches for battling age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Kapahi said the research suggests the possibility of employing combination therapies for aging in much the same way as is done for cancer and HIV.

One of the life extension techniques used in the experiment was the drug rapamycin, which is already licensed for use in humans.

"It was a well-known anti-cancer drug. Later on, it became clear it has life-extension effects," Kapahi said. "It also slows down a number of other age-related diseases."

Scientists discovered rapamycin's life-extension capability while searching for a drug that mimics the effects of caloric restriction, which had previously been identified as a means of extending life in laboratory studies.

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Infant Eczema Better and Mom Feels Better – Video

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Infant Eczema Better and Mom Feels Better
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The Eczema Diet – Video

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The Eczema Diet
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Day 26 How I cured my Eczema after 57 years 720p – Video

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Day 26 How I cured my Eczema after 57 years 720p
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Home Remedies For Eczema – Video

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Home Remedies For Eczema
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Emu Oil For Eczema – Video

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Emu Oil For Eczema
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Eczema – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Posted: at 4:44 pm

Eczema (from Greek: kzema, "to boil over") also known as atopic dermatitis[1] is a form of chronic inflammation of the skin.[2]

The term eczema is broadly applied to a range of persistent skin conditions. These include dryness and recurring skin rashes that are characterized by one or more of these symptoms: redness, skin edema (swelling), itching and dryness, crusting, flaking, blistering, cracking, oozing, or bleeding. Areas of temporary skin discoloration may appear and are sometimes due to healed injuries. Scratching open a healing lesion may result in scarring and may enlarge the rash.

The word eczema comes from Greek, meaning "to boil over". Dermatitis comes from the Greek word for skin and both terms refer to the same skin condition. In some languages, dermatitis and eczema are synonymous, while in other languages dermatitis implies an acute condition and "eczema" a chronic one.[3] The two conditions are often classified together.

The term eczema refers to a set of clinical characteristics. Classification of the underlying diseases has been haphazard and unsystematic, with many synonyms used to describe the same condition. A type of eczema may be described by location (e.g., hand eczema), by specific appearance (eczema craquele or discoid), or by possible cause (varicose eczema). Further adding to the confusion, many sources use the term eczema for the most common type of eczema (atopic dermatitis) interchangeably.

The European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) published a position paper in 2001 which simplifies the nomenclature of allergy-related diseases including atopic and allergic contact eczemas.[4] Non-allergic eczemas are not affected by this proposal.

The cause of eczema is unknown but is presumed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors.[5]

The hygiene hypothesis postulates that the cause of asthma, eczema, and other allergic diseases is an unusually clean environment. It is supported by epidemiologic studies for asthma.[6] The hypothesis states that exposure to bacteria and other immune system modulators is important during development, and missing out on this exposure increases risk for asthma and allergy.

While it has been suggested that eczema may sometimes be an allergic reaction to the excrement from house dust mites,[7] with up to 5% of people showing antibodies to the mites,[8] the overall role this plays awaits further corroboration.[9]

Researchers have compared the prevalence of eczema in people who also suffer from celiac disease to eczema prevalence in control subjects, and have found that eczema occurs about three times more frequently in celiac disease patients and about two times more frequently in relatives of celiac patients, potentially indicating a genetic link between the two conditions.[10][11]

The failure of the body to metabolize linoleic acid into y-linoleic acid (GLA) was thought to be a possible cause of eczema, however the largest and best reported studies into the efficacy of GLA supplements in the treatment of eczema failed to show any benefit.[12]

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Eczema Treatment, Causes, Symptoms, Is it Contagious, and …

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Eczema facts Eczema is a general term for many types of skin inflammation, also known as dermatitis. The term eczema is sometimes used interchangeably with atopic dermatitis, the most common form of eczema. Eczema is believed to result from a genetic defect that results in an abnormality of the skin's barrier function. Eczema is most common in infants and young children. All races can be affected. Triggers of eczema outbreaks can be environmental irritants or allergens; substances like soaps, perfumes, or chemicals; food allergies; lifestyle stress; or changes in temperature or humidity. Treatment can include oral or topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, or immune-suppressing drugs known as calcineurin inhibitors. While eczema is not preventable, self-care measures such as frequent hydration of skin and avoidance of extreme temperatures and known irritants can help manage symptoms and reduce the severity of outbreaks. What is eczema?

Eczema is a general term for many types of skin inflammation (dermatitis). The most common form of eczema is atopic dermatitis (sometimes these two terms are used interchangeably). However, there are many different forms of eczema.

Eczema can affect people of any age, although the condition is most common in infants, and about 85% of those affected have an onset prior to 5 years of age. Eczema will permanently resolve by age 3 in about half of affected infants. In others, the condition tends to recur throughout life. People with eczema often have a family history of the condition or a family history of other allergic conditions, such as asthma or hay fever. Atopic dermatitis is believed to belong to a group of related diseases including food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis that tend to develop in sequence, suggesting that atopic dermatitis early in life may lead to or predict later allergic diseases. The nature of the link between these conditions is inadequately understood. Up to 20% of children and 1%-2% of adults are believed to have eczema. Eczema is slightly more common in girls than in boys. It occurs in people of all races.

Eczema is not contagious, but since it is believed to be at least partially inherited, it is not uncommon to find members of the same family affected.

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Atopic dermatitis – National Library of Medicine – PubMed Health

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Atopic dermatitis is along-term(chronic)skin disorder that involves scaly and itchy rashes. A.D.A.M.

Other forms of eczema include:

Atopicdermatitis is due to a skinreaction (similar to an allergy) in the skin. The reaction leads to ongoing swelling and redness. People with atopic dermititis may be more sensitive because their skin lacks certain proteins.

Atopic dermatitisis most common in infants. It may start as early as age 2 to 6 months. Many people outgrow it by early adulthood.

People withatopic dermatitisoften have asthma or seasonal allergies.There is often a family history of allergiessuch as asthma, hay fever, or eczema. People with atopic dermatitis oftentest positive toallergy skin tests.However, atopic dermatitis is not caused by allergies.

The following can makeatopic dermatitissymptoms worse:

Allergies to pollen, mold, dust mites, or animals

Cold and dry air in the winter

Colds or the flu

Contact with irritants and chemicals

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