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Category Archives: Transhuman News

The Pitfalls of Evolutionary Genomics – SciTechDaily

Posted: August 8, 2022 at 12:22 pm

Recent research analyzesmathematical models created to deduce conclusions about how evolution works at the level of populations of organisms.

Claudius Ptolemy, an astronomer and mathematician from Alexandria in the second century, had a lofty goal. He wrote the Almagest, a magisterialtreatise that attempts to explain the motion of stars and the motions of planets. Ptolemy devised a sophisticated mathematical universe model that seemed to replicate the motions of the celestial bodies he had been seeing.

Jeffrey Jensen is a researcher in the Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution at Arizona State University and a professor in the School of Life Sciences with the Center for Evolution & Medicine. Credit: The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University

Unfortunately, his cosmic plan had a catastrophic weakness at its heart. Ptolemy began his study with the presumption that the Earth was the center of the cosmos, in keeping with the preconceptions of his day. The Ptolemaic universe, which was made up of intricate epicycles to explain the motions of the planets and stars, has long ago been consigned to history books,its conclusions persisted as scientific dogma for more than 1200 years.

No less vulnerable to flawed theoretical methods are the models in the area of evolutionary biology. Evolutionary biology can result in impressive models that fall short of capturing the genuine workings of nature as it develops the bewildering variety of living species on Earth.

A recent study looks at mathematical models created to deduce conclusions about how evolution works at the level of populations of species. The research comes to the conclusion that these models must be built with great caution, avoiding unwarranted starting assumptions, considering the quality of existing knowledge, and staying open to alternative explanations.

Failure to adhere to strict procedures in the construction of null models can result in theories that appear to fit some aspects of the data obtained from DNA sequencing but fall short in accurately elucidating the underlying evolutionary processes, which are frequently extremely complex and multifaceted.

Such theoretical frameworks may offer compelling but ultimately flawed pictures of how evolution actually acts on populations over time, be these populations of bacteria, shoals of fish, or human societies and their various migrations during prehistory.

In the new study, Jeffrey Jensen, a researcher in the Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution at Arizona State University and professor in the School of Life Sciences with the Center for Evolution & Medicine, leads a group of international luminaries in the field in providing guidance for future research. Together, they describe a range of criteria that can be used to better ensure the accuracy of models that produce statistical inferences in population genomicsa scientific discipline concerned with large-scale comparisons of DNA sequences within and across populations and species.

One of our key messages is the importance of considering the contributions of evolutionary processes certain to be in constant operation (such as purifying selection and genetic drift), before simply relying on hypothesized or rare evolutionary processes as the primary drivers of observed population variation (such as positive selection), Jensen emphasized.

The study was recently published in the journal PLoS Biology.

Population genomics arose as early efforts in the field attempted to reconcile Charles Darwins notion of evolution by means of natural selection with the first inklings of the mechanisms of inheritance, uncovered by the Augustinian monk, Gregor Mendel.

Susanne Pfeifer is a researcher in the Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution and an assistant professor at the Center for Evolution & Medicine. Credit: The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University

The synthesis culminated in the 1920s and early 30s, largely thanks to the mathematical work of Fisher, Haldane, and Wright, who were the first to explore how natural selection together with other evolutionary forces would modify the genetic composition of Mendelian populations over time.

Today, studies in population genomics involve the large-scale application of various genomic technologies to explore the genetic composition of biological populations, and how various factors, including natural selection and genetic drift, produce changes in genetic composition over time.

To accomplish this, population geneticists develop mathematical models quantifying the contributions of these evolutionary processes in shaping gene frequencies, use this theory to design statistical inference approaches for estimating the forces producing observed patterns of genetic variation in actual populations, and test their conclusions against accumulated data.

The study of genomic variation focuses on DNA sequence differences among individuals and populations. Some of these variants are critically important for biological function, including mutations responsible for genetic disease, while others have no detectable biological effects.

Such variation in the human genome can take several forms. One common source of variation is known as single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs, where a single DNA letter in the genome is altered. But larger-scale variation in the genome, involving the simultaneous alteration of hundreds or even thousands of base pairs is also possible. Again, some such alterations may play a role in disease risk and survival while many others have no effect.

Natural selection may occur when different variants segregating in a population have a fitness differential relative to one another. By designing and studying mathematical models governing the corresponding gene frequency change and applying those models to empirical data, population geneticists seek to understand the contributing evolutionary processes in a rigorous, quantitative way. Thus, population genetics is often regarded as the theoretical cornerstone of modern Darwinian evolution.

Although the importance of natural selection to the evolutionary process is undeniable, the role of positive selection in increasing the frequency of beneficial variants the potential driver of adaptation is certain to be comparatively rare relative even to other forms of natural selection. For example, purifying selection the removal of deleterious variants from the population is a constantly acting and far more pervasive form of selection.

In addition, there are multiple non-selective evolutionary processes of great importance. For example, genetic drift describes the many stochastic fluctuations inherent to evolution. In large populations, natural selection may act more efficiently in purging deleterious variation and potentially fixing beneficial variation, whereas as populations become smaller genetic drift will be increasingly dominant.

The distinction can be seen in dramatic form when comparing prokaryotic organisms like bacteria with organisms composed of eukaryotic cells, including humans. In the former case, the vast population sizes tend to result in more efficient selection. In contrast, a weaker selection pressure operating in eukaryotes is more permissive to genomic changes, provided that they are not strongly deleterious.

According to the Neutral Theory of Molecular Evolution a new guiding principle of evolutionary theory proposed by the population geneticist Motoo Kimura over 50 years ago most evolutionary changes at the molecular level in real populations are governed not by natural selection, but by genetic drift. The study emphasizes that this critical point is too often missed by evolutionary biologists. As co-author Michael Lynch, director of ASUs Biodesign Center for Mechanisms in Evolution cogently observes, natural selection is just one of several evolutionary mechanisms, and the failure to realize this is probably the most significant impediment to a fruitful integration of evolutionary theory with molecular, cellular, and developmental biology.

The new consensus study further stresses that a failure to consider these alternative evolutionary mechanisms which are certain to be operating, including genetic drift, and incorporate these into models of population genomics, is likely to lead researchers astray. The common overreliance on purely adaptive models to explain genomic variation has led to a raft of interpretations of dubious value, the authors assert.

The study presents a detailed flow chart that can help guide the development of more accurate models used to draw evolutionary inferences, based on genomic data. Biological parameters that vary among species include not only evolutionary variables like population size, mutation rates, recombination rates, and population structure and history but the way the genome itself is structured and life history traits, including mating behavior. All of these factors play a vital role in dictating observed molecular variation and evolution.

While these many considerations may sound daunting for some researchers, it is important to note that many excellent research groups at ASU and around the world are actively improving our understanding of these underlying evolutionary parameters, providing constantly improving inference, for example, of mutation and recombination rates, added co-author Susanne Pfeifer, an Assistant Professor in the Center for Evolution & Medicine and the Biodesign Center for Mechanisms of Evolution.

Where once, theoretical models in population genomics proliferated alongside relatively scant genomic data, today an avalanche of data, enabled by rapid, low-cost DNA sequencing of organisms across the tree of life, has dramatically changed the field. The careful and judicious use of this gold mine of genomic data will help advance the most rigorous models to unlock evolutions many remaining mysteries.

Reference: Recommendations for improving statistical inference in population genomics by Parul Johri, Charles F. Aquadro, Mark Beaumont, Brian Charlesworth, Laurent Excoffier, Adam Eyre-Walker, Peter D. Keightley, Michael Lynch, Gil McVean, Bret A. Payseur, Susanne P. Pfeifer, Wolfgang Stephan and Jeffrey D. Jensen, 31 May 2022, PLoS Biology.DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001669

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The Pitfalls of Evolutionary Genomics - SciTechDaily

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Nucleai Appoints New Head of Pathology to Support Expansion in Biopharmaceutical and Clinical Markets – Business Wire

Posted: at 12:13 pm

TEL AVIV, Israel--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Nucleai, a leader in AI-powered spatial biology transforming precision medicine by unlocking the power of pathology data, today announced the appointment of Kenneth J. Bloom, MD, FCAP as the companys new head of pathology. Dr. Bloom brings more than 35 years of clinical experience in pathology, oncology, telemedicine and bioinformatics to this critical role at Nucleai.

In his most recent role, Dr. Bloom was Chief Medical Officer of Advanced Pathology and Genetic Services at REALM IDx, including operating companies: Invicro and Ambry Genetics. Previously, he was President and Head of Oncology and Immunotherapy for Human Longevity Inc. In this role, Dr. Bloom was responsible for all sequencing products and for establishing and leading the Oncology program. Under his direction, the team developed and commercialized an industry-leading cancer exome product and commercialized a technique for validating neoantigens predicted from sequencing.

Earlier in his career, he spent 12 years as a top executive at Clarient Pathology Services where he led the development of hundreds of laboratory-developed tests, including those using IHC, ISH, Flow Cytometry and molecular methods. He has also served as a principal investigator in more than a dozen clinical trials and as an advisor to various pharmaceutical and biotech companies. Before his industry experience, Dr. Bloom spent 15 years at Rush Medical Center.

I am excited to welcome Dr. Ken Bloom, a world-renowned thought leader in pathology, to our team. His experience, knowledge and innovative ideas are an asset for Nucleai, said Avi Veidman, CEO of Nucleai. The appointment of Dr. Bloom as the Head of Pathology strengthens our ability to unlock the power of pathology data through our AI-driven spatial biology platform. As we have assembled a team of world-class physicians, scientists and technologists, Nucleai is uniquely positioned to help advance precision medicine more rapidly.

Nucleais state-of-the-art spatial biology and machine learning platform empowers researchers and pathologists to improve workflows and unleash data previously hidden within pathology slides, transforming the practice of pathology and improving patient outcomes, said Dr. Bloom. I look forward to working with Nucleais CEO and other visionaries within the company to make Nucleais approach pervasive in the medical field.

About Nucleai

Nucleai is an AI-powered spatial biology company with a mission to transform drug development and clinical treatment decisions by unlocking the power of pathology data. Nucleai provides pharmaceutical companies, contract research organizations, and diagnostics laboratories with a state-of-the-art AI platform to improve clinical trials and clinical decision-making. For more information, please visit http://www.nucleai.ai.

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Daily AI Roundup: Biggest Machine Learning, Robotic And Automation Updates – AiThority

Posted: at 12:13 pm

This is our AI Daily Roundup today. We are covering the top updates from around the world. The updates will feature state-of-the-art capabilities inartificial intelligence (AI),Machine Learning, Robotic Process Automation, Fintech, and human-system interactions. We cover the role of AI Daily Roundup and its application in various industries and daily lives.

Segra completed the first phase of its broadband build for DISH, launching service across more than 500 towers located in critical sites in less than one year. With the help of Segra, DISH has reported it has met its 20 percent of U.S. population coverage deadline established by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).

Intelligent Connected Vehicle (ICV) sector, the government of Zibo, Shandong,Chinahas recently been working with ICV players, such as Baidu Apollo, QCraft, Dongfeng Yuexiang,Golden Dragonand Suntae Auto, the frontrunner in Zibos ICV industry chain. The aim of the collaboration is to establish an ICV full-scenario ecosystem along the 100km-plus stretch of road in the mountain park located in the eastern Zibo National New & Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone.

Longevity research network,Rejuve.AI reveals its first app,Longevity, which combines Artificial Intelligence (AI), world-leading research, and blockchain technology to drive breakthroughs in human life extension. In a first for the industry, Longevity will give users full control over their health data as part of its mission to democratise and advance longevity science breakthroughs that were previously inaccessible beyond the realms of academia or significant wealth.

Simulations Plus, Inc. a leading provider of modeling and simulation software and services for pharmaceutical safety and efficacy, announced it has entered a new collaboration with a large p

SingleStore, the cloud-native database built for speed and scale to power data-intensive applications, announced it has selected AppDirect to power SingleStore Connect, a subscription commerce platform that removes the complexity of building a recurring business model. SingleStore Connect is an interactive marketplace for partners and customers to collaborate, discover new use cases and locate complementary technologies to maximize their SingleStore solution investments.

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Daily AI Roundup: Biggest Machine Learning, Robotic And Automation Updates - AiThority

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Prolonged and intense heatwave affecting parts of western and northern Europe breaks temperature records; globally, July 2022 was one of three warmest…

Posted: at 12:13 pm

The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S), implemented by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts on behalf of the European Commission with funding from the EU, routinely publishes monthly climate bulletins reporting on the changes observed in global surface air temperature, sea ice cover and hydrological variables. All the reported findings are based on computer-generated analyses using billions of measurements from satellites, ships, aircraft and weather stations around the world.

July 2022 surface air temperature:

July 2022 sea ice:

July 2022 Hydrological conditions:

The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) reports on the prolonged heatwave seen starting in Portugal and Spain, continuing north and eastwards towards France, the United Kingdom, central Europe and Scandinavia. Temperatures measuring over 40C were observed in parts of Portugal, Spain, France and the UK. Across the affected region, July and all-time records for maximum temperature were broken. The Iberian Peninsula saw an unusually large number of days with maximum temperatures above 35C, underlining the longevity of hot temperatures in this region. For its regional average, southwestern Europe experienced its warmest July on record in terms of maximum temperatures.

Senior Scientist for the Copernicus Climate Change Service, Freja Vamborg, states: We can expect to continue seeing more frequent and longer periods of extremely high temperatures, as global temperatures increase further. Heatwaves pose serious risks to human health, and they can increase the intensity and longevity of many other disastrous climate events including wildfires and droughts, affecting both society and natural ecosystems. Additionally, dry conditions from previous months combined with high temperatures and low precipitation rates seen in many areas during July may have adverse effects on agricultural production and other industries such as river transport and energy production.

More information on a C3S analysis of the recent heatwave and the dry conditions affecting Europe can be found here.

Video material accompanying the maps can be found here.

More information about climate variables in July and climate updates of previous months as well as high-resolution graphics and the video can be downloaded here.

More information can be found here.

More information on the reference period used, can be found here.

Answers to frequently asked questions regarding temperature monitoring can be found here.

Information about the C3S data set and how it is compiled

Temperature and hydrological maps and data are from ECMWF Copernicus Climate Change Services ERA5 dataset.

Sea ice maps and data are from a combination of information from ERA5, as well as from the EUMETSAT OSI SAF Sea Ice Index v2.1, Sea Ice Concentration CDR/ICDR v2 and fast-track data provided upon request by OSI SAF.

Regional area average quoted here are the following longitude/latitude bounds:

Globe, 180W-180E, 90S-90N. overall surface.

Europe, 25W-40E, 34N-72N, over land surfaces only.

About Copernicus and ECMWF

Copernicus is a component of the European Unions space programme, with funding by the EU, and is its flagship Earth observation programme, which operates through six thematic services: Atmosphere, Marine, Land, Climate Change, Security and Emergency. It delivers freely accessible operational data and services providing users with reliable and up-to-date information related to our planet and its environment. The programme is coordinated and managed by the European Commission and implemented in partnership with the Member States, the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), EU Agencies and Mercator Ocan, amongst others.

ECMWF operates two services from the EUs Copernicus Earth observation programme: the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) and the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). They also contribute to the Copernicus Emergency Management Service (CEMS), which is implemented by the EU Joint Research Council (JRC). The European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) is an independent intergovernmental organisation supported by 35 states. It is both a research institute and a 24/7 operational service, producing and disseminating numerical weather predictions to its Member States. This data is fully available to the national meteorological services in the Member States. The supercomputer facility (and associated data archive) at ECMWF is one of the largest of its type in Europe and Member States can use 25% of its capacity for their own purposes.

ECMWF has expanded its location across its Member States for some activities. In addition to an HQ in the UK and Computing Centre in Italy, offices with a focus on activities conducted in partnership with the EU, such as Copernicus, are in Bonn, Germany.

The Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service website can be found athttp://atmosphere.copernicus.eu/

The Copernicus Climate Change Service website can be found athttps://climate.copernicus.eu/

More information on Copernicus:www.copernicus.eu

The ECMWF website can be found athttps://www.ecmwf.int/

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Prolonged and intense heatwave affecting parts of western and northern Europe breaks temperature records; globally, July 2022 was one of three warmest...

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YLEM: Augmenting sustainable futures through material exploration and testing – STIRworld

Posted: at 12:13 pm

We are all made of dust, and in the end, we will return to dust. This belief, consistent in essence across various religions, cultures and traditions, has also, for most of the human race's tenure on earth, manifested itself in our practices and usages. We all know of the early houses built using natural stone boulders and animal skins, or assembled meticulously with wood logs, clay bricks and straws. All these materials are congruously perishable and hence, sustainable. But, as humans slowly moved from a peripatetic lifestyle to a more settled one, the desire for building structures and objects that could resist the throes of time, temperature and calamity also grew. Today, we can buy plastic bottles that can last for decades, but fall out of trend within the span of a season. Ergo, an unsustainable culture has bolstered. We ostensibly value durability and easily succumb to the latest fads. In a climate such as this, it is brave and admirable to go against the tide and build something that is essentially "designed to disappear", as Midushi Kochhar of YLEM Studio describes.

Kochhar is an Indian industrial designer and the founder of YLEM, a circular design and research studio. A graduate from Central St.Martins, UAL in London, UK, Kochhars practice as a designer revolves around researching materials, techniques and methodologies that can help rebuild symbiotic relationships and further the practice of circular economy in our daily lives. She co-founded Makers on Move, a Netherlands-based sustainable-arts initiative for design, research, technology and education, which is also supported by the Dutch government. YLEM is the Indian designer's latest creative practice, born out of the desire to understand and communicate the relationship of materials with design, science, sustainable development and human behaviour.

All of YLEM's projects are driven by the underlying theme of green design. The designers at the studio, under the tutelage of Kochhar, employ fastidious research and experimentation to develop materials that can be used to create products with circular life cycles. By utilising non-traditional items and salvaged waste to create unique materials, YLEM helps spread awareness about climate change and debunks the common misunderstandings associated with discarded materials. The firm's role, however, is not limited to research and development alone. Instead, these new materials are used to create both bespoke and scalable product design items that one can use in their everyday lives. Some of their projects include Eggware, Hasiroo and Plumeware. While Eggware, a project sitting at the intersection of design and food, is more experimental and artistic in nature, Hasiroo poses the potential to reach a wider audience at affordable rates.

Eggware, made by binding the calcareous food waste, that is eggshells, using a bio-binder, resembles both ceramic and concrete in materiality. This naturally white, light-weight, rigid and water-absorbent material can be used to craft tableware, candelabras, jewellery holders, and planters and pots. After usage, these cohesive pieces, high in calcium carbonate and protein, can be crushed into bits and used to compost and nourish soil. The global consumption of eggs amounts to 1200 billion units per year, and the eggshells from these eggs are wastefully discarded. Kochhar identified this massive source of waste, and decided to pick up the perennial material and sculpt them into interesting shapes, such that they can mimic the roles of plates, glasses and stands. Not only does this project reduce wastage, but the hand sculpted pieces offer the chance to own bespoke homeware items that are also sustainable. Heeding to the regulations of circular design, Eggware follows a zero-waste production cycle. The damaged and rejected bits from one batch are salvaged and used up in the next one, thus ensuring that nothing goes to waste. The studio has partnered with local food vendors to acquire large quantities of egg waste, thus helping in the reduction of egg scraps and bits that travel to the landfills. The result of this project is an array of charming recycled products that allow equitable acquisition of artistic objects meant for personal usage and decoration.

Another interesting sustainable design project, created by Kochhar with the intent of exploring the potential of undiscovered natural fibres is Hasiroo. It encompasses a series of footwear made out of the leaf sheaths of a native Indian palm tree. Since the dried palm leaves that fall off every season are brittle in nature, they are treated so as to make them more flexible. These tensile offshoots are then converted into flat bases for the footwear. Developed to replace the polyester guest slippers used in the hospitality sector, the studio also plans on designing more lifestyle products using Hasiroo.

Creating sustainable physical objects that tend, in some manner, to everyday needs is an essential practice. However, envisioning prototypes and concepts is also a crucial step towards imagining and creating a green future. YLEM's Plumeware is a step in that direction. Imagined as an eco-friendly surface material stitched together using discarded chicken feathers, Plumeware bears the ability to be shaped as desired. It is durable and flexible and can be shaped into decorative and functional products. Although it is not used by the studio to create physical objects, the idea of moulding such an unusual substance into a usable material prompts curiosity and encourages further research and experimentation in this direction.

While most of Kochhar's experimentations revolve around small scale products, Stasis Set, a furniture piece by YLEM takes it a notch further. Stasis Set is a two-piece outdoor furniture set that is made using bamboo and that alludes to the theme of tensegrity. The project aims to understand the traditional knowledge systems of bamboo production in the Indian subcontinent. Since bamboo has recently crept up as an alternative to other kinds of wood, understanding the most archaic notions and practices related to the material are almost imperative. Kochhar, instead of crafting a simple rectilinear furniture design piece, played with the shape and form of the lounge chair to create a contemporary design piece. Much like the name of the project which means counterbalance, tension, harmony and togetherness, the lounging furniture product softly cushions the user and stands stoically under the weight of anyone using the furniture.

Behind this impressive body of work is an up-and-coming industrial designer, Midushi Kochhar. STIR established a dialogue with Kochhar to better understand her creative journey, what drives her and the role of YLEM in propagating a more sustainable culture.

Almas Sadique: Tell us a little about your journey in design and research. How did you start working with discarded materials?

Midushi Kochhar: As a kid, I used to collect weird looking objects from my surroundings and used to display them in my room because of the sheer beauty they held in my eyes. Snake skins, tree barks, dry flowers, even bones sometimes. They did not have to look shiny and new, but by just being in their natural state, they made me feel attracted to them. Subsequently, during my design studies, I was exposed to the philosophy of Wabi-Sabi, which made so much sense to me and it was something I was following unconsciously. This trickled down to my practice of repair before discard and eventually I started retrieving discards. I cant actually put a finger on it, but this idea of seeing value everywhere, with little or no intervention is what has led me to work with such materials.

I am the designated kabaadiwali in my circles, which makes me feel quite proud - existence of a kabaadiwala is quite important in our social fabric and if at all, this small-scale network can become more organised, instead of "westernised" we can continue to recycle low-value materials and have a positive impact on several levels.

My educational background also encourages me to solve problems and create appealing products but it contradicts with my mindset of consuming minimally. Therefore, I try to find the right balance to the conflicting challenges of achieving elegant aesthetics, production capabilities, easy usability and environmental impacts. To tackle these oppositions, I started YLEM in India and Makers on the Move in the Netherlands.

Almas: How did you come up with the name YLEM for your studio? What is the thought behind it?

Midushi: YLEM [ahy-luhm] is a middle-English word that stands for the hypothetical initial substance of the universe from which all matter is derived or it can also mean it is the real, primordial ur stuff out of which everything else is made. Since materials are the epicentre of all our design process, and we want our audience to think about alternatives and consequences of material utilisation, it made sense to name the studio that. Plus, we simply love the sound of the word.

Almas: What led to Eggware? What is the intention behind the project?

Midushi:Eggware is one of the results from a bigger body of work called The Waste Project that was my master's thesis at Central St. Martins, University of the Arts London. The process started with basic kitchen experiments using our regular household waste. I started with vegetable peels, fruit seeds etc. and mixed them with different binders. The purpose was to create DIY recipes for people to replicate and upcycle some of their domestic waste, promoting a home ecosystem.

Subsequent experimentation that further took place at Green Lab, London, as part of a research residency there, resulted in more rigid, scalable and novel material that I coined as Eggware. This led me to think of the rest of the waste that comes from the originator of an egg, that is, chickens. About 50 per cent of their meat is used for food consumption and the remaining organs, including the feathers are thrown away. Chicken feathers, although have low insulation properties as compared to down, have great binding strength - and this is how Plumeware was born. With further experimentation, we conceptualised a set of lamps to showcase their beautiful translucency, and perhaps, quite literally, shed light on this low-value resource.

Almas: All your projects before Eggware also utilise discarded materials and waste such as chicken feathers, leaf sheaths etc. What kind of research and development process does the studio undertake when deciding on these materials and developing prototypes?

Midushi: The process usually starts with ideating on accessible yet abundant materials around us, basically looking at resources that no one is paying attention to. Our curiosity starts with the material first, and then we work on finding an application for that material.

It takes years to go from workshop investigations to scalable solutions and we do in-house testing mostly at the physical, mechanical and thermal levels. That means we check for water resistance, fire retardation, longevity, hardness etc. and while doing so, we also factor in the end-of-life disposal and if at all our products can find a new life, in a different version. Moreover, our materials are always in development, and we incorporate user, maker, market feedback to create high-design.

Almas: Apart from ecological, what are some social and economic impacts of these biomaterials?

Midushi: Virgin materials are expensive and difficult to procure, waste is cheap and abundant. It makes great economic sense to first utilise what is discarded locally around you, that is, identify this valuable "waste" and instead of mining for new resources, utilise the discards up to their maximum capabilities. Sure, not everything can be recycled and can be made from residue but there is a big enough market potential here where people are slowly starting to tap into. Socio-cultural impacts are seen in ways of new craft practices being created, giving our local artisans another medium to work with, hence improving their livelihood.

Almas: What is the future of biomaterials? Can you see its usage extending beyond product design?

Midushi: Yes, definitely! I would say that the application of such innovative materials is extensively being applied in the textile and fashion industry. For example, fabric made from and by algae, dyed by bacteria and filter air by infusing chlorophyll in them. Several plant-based leathers like piatex (from pineapple leaves), malai (from coconut cellulose) are also becoming mainstream and affordable. In construction and packaging, mycelium is gaining traction due to its natural strength, water resistant, and fire resistance properties.

Construction and fashion are few of the most waste producing industries, and these examples just prove the scale at which biomaterials can be applied. The shift is taking place slowly, and the opportunities are immense in the field. Having said that, since it is such a new field, starting out has many challenges related to awareness, affordability, longevity and profitability etc.

Almas: Which material does the studio plan on experimenting with next?

Midushi: We have witnessed some really interesting items being made from these materials and want to devote more energy into new material R&D and design. It is challenging to grow while continuously researching. We are designers not engineers, so knowing our limits we are quite intrigued to work with mycelium (the vegetative part of mushroom) and moss as well.

Almas: Despite the availability of biomaterials, plastic continues as a dominant material in the market. How do you think this trend can be subverted?

Midushi: Let's try to understand the extensive use of plastics and its origins. Plastic is quite a marvellous material, which no other material can currently compete with and it took over 50 years just to develop it. Before that high-value natural materials like wood, tusks, horns, tortoise shells, metals etc. were being used exploitatively. Plastic emerged as a solution to somehow save the environment and did so in this regard. It became a problem due to its low-cost and disposability factor where people found no sense of judicious usage of the same.

Currently, biomaterials are not that easy to source (due to the ways the industry is set in) and more expensive due to less companies producing them. Now this does not mean they are actually expensive to procure - it simply means that industry is not conducive and structured in a way that favours non-renewable resources. With the right support from governments, self-realisation, and easier transitions, we can reclaim our biomaterials and get closer to our natural environment while urbanising in greener ways.

Almas: Beyond research and design that centres on the circular economy, how can sustainable practices and the usage of reclaimed materials be encouraged amongst the larger population?

Midushi: I think there are several different ways to work around this. Of course, the one way is with the support of governments, that is, having strict policies against material wastage and utilisation of toxic matter and subsidising the greener ways of functioning.

Secondly, I dont suggest that it is only the government's responsibility and want to debunk a grassroots-top/top-bottom blame game of our systematic problems and suggest some sporadic yet interconnected systems. Meaning waste from one industry can become a raw material for the next and the spiral continues till all levels of the material is utilised. Moreover, this also makes good business sense since waste is cheap and abundant and virgin materials are expensive.

Thirdly, there is enough awareness among the common public about the consequences of their buying choices but there are either no real sustainable options, or they are ruled by greenwashing brands or they simply dont care. Personal values/status takes precedence over collective good. In these scenarios, we cannot actually disrupt current behaviours completely but need to find smart, invisible systems that people can adapt to without much friction. Citizens are going to consume in large quantities, and this is a sign of a thriving economy, so why not make the same things with better, circular materials?

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YLEM: Augmenting sustainable futures through material exploration and testing - STIRworld

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Why skin is the forgotten frontier of the beauty acceptance movement – Sydney Morning Herald

Posted: at 12:10 pm

Wilde founded the successful skincare brand tbh, which often reposts images of customers on social media with their bare skin and blemishes. She attributes this to their very vocal base of Gen Z customers who she says are demanding greater representation from brands than generations before. I think that it has really been a bottom-up movement where customers have demanded a more balanced and more realistic portrayal of beauty.

The acceptance of different skin types, and the language around how we talk about skin, trails behind other movements, like body positivity. Beauty writer Jessica DeFino agrees, saying that skincare still has a lot of catching up to do. Whats missing, she says, is a challenge to the idea of healthy skin or normal skin. The body positivity movement has benefited immensely from challenging the idea that fat equals unhealthy. The skincare space needs to have that same reckoning in order to move forward with a meaningful movement of acceptance.

Model Onella Muralidharan wants there to be greater awareness of conditions like vitiligo. Credit:Bella Management

Onella Muralidharan won Bella Managements Unsigned Model Competition in 2021. The 23-year-old curve model has vitiligo, a condition in which parts of the skin lack pigmentation, and says she never thought she would be a model. Im curvy, and I have a skin condition that is quite apparent. I didnt really feel like I hit those beauty standards.

While she says she never really struggled with accepting her vitiligo, she certainly faced judgment from the outside world. When I worked in retail, customers would come up to me and ask, What happened to you?, Whats on your face? She adds that the most ignorant comments have come from adults, rather than children. Fully grown adults often feel like theyre entitled to an answer from people who look different.

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The fashion industry is slowly changing, she says. She has featured in campaigns for beauty brand Mecca, appeared on morning show Studio 10, and walked in Australian Fashion Week. Makeup artists will consult her about whats she comfortable with, and adapt their use of makeup to her needs. I dont want my different skin tones covered up, says Muralidharan. Mum put some foundation on me when I was about 7, and after that, I have never wanted to cover it up.

For Muralidharan, the key to spreading acceptance for conditions like vitiligo is education about what it is and how to act considerately around others.

Visibility for a range of skin conditions is certainly growing. Celebrities like Kim Kardashian, Cara Delevigne and Cyndi Lauper have been open about living with psoriasis. Kendall Jenner has walked the red carpet with acne and Alicia Keys has forgone makeup altogether. This kind of visibility is important, says Smith, to enhance public understanding, break barriers, minimise social stigmatisation, discrimination, and humiliation.

Its impossible, however, to consider the importance of these celebrity stories without accounting for the immense privilege they hold. They all fit a certain beauty ideal and have a level of wealth that gives them access to top-of-the-line beauty products, treatments and medicines.

Cara Delevigne chose not to cover her psoriasis at the 2022 Met Gala. Credit:Getty Images

Its much easier (and therefore less effective or revolutionary) for celebrities and influencers who conform to traditional beauty standards in other ways white, thin, pouty lips, wide eyes, youthful-looking to reveal a perceived flaw and still be considered beautiful, Defino says.

Rather than only slightly widening the goal posts to include a privileged few, we need to create a world without any such goal posts at all.

Lifeline 13 11 14. Beyond Blue 1300 22 4636.

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Lilly’s Taltz (ixekizumab) Now Available in New, Citrate-Free Formulation to Reduce Injection Site Pain for Improved Patient Experience – PR Newswire

Posted: at 12:10 pm

Since the medicine's first approval in 2016, nearly 130,000 people in the U.S. have been treated with Taltz

INDIANAPOLIS, Aug. 8, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Eli Lilly and Company (NYSE: LLY) announced today the availability of a new, citrate-free formulation of Taltz (ixekizumab) injection 80 mg/mL. The new formulation, which was recently approved by The U.S. Food and Drug Administration in May 2022, includes the same active ingredient as the original formulation. The new Taltz formulation significantly reduced injection site pain experienced by some people immediately following injection as shown by an 86% decrease in a visual analog scale (VAS) of pain versus the original formulation. Taltz is approved to treat adults and children six years and older with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy, adults with active psoriatic arthritis, active ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and active non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) with objective signs of inflammation.

"Taltz has long delivered effective treatment with a well-established safety profile that addresses symptoms for people living with plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, AS and nr-axSpA," said Ashley Diaz-Granados, vice president, U.S. Immunology at Lilly. "We're proud of our investment in research that keeps the patient experience at the center. This new formulation provides yet another reason to choose Taltz, and we look forward to introducing it to patients who have not yet tried Taltz and providing a seamless transition for those already enjoying the medicine's benefits."

Taltz citrate-free demonstrated a safety profile consistent with the original formulation. The safety information for Taltz can be found below.

Existing Taltz patients will not need a new prescription, nor should they experience a gap in their therapy. The new formulation is currently being shipped across the U.S. with anticipated broad availability for both new and existing Taltz patients by the end of the month. In the interim, the original formulation of Taltz continues to be available until it is replaced by the citrate-free formulation. The citrate-free formulation of Taltz was approved by the European Medicines Agency in December 2021 with several markets launching now and many more anticipated in the coming months.

"Today is an exciting milestone for the nearly 30 million people around the world who live with the challenging symptoms of these autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and joints," said April Armstrong, M.D., MPH, professor of dermatology and associate dean of clinical research, Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California. "In my six years of prescribing Taltz, I've seen firsthand the significant impact Taltz has had for patients across multiple indications. The availability of Taltz as a citrate-free formulation represents an important advance in patient care that will allow more patients to experience less injection-site pain."

Lilly is committed to improving experiences for people treated with Taltz, providing the same active ingredient in a new citrate-free formulation. Lilly's investment into patient-centric research is evident as Taltz has been studied in more than 10,000 people in clinical trials globally and has been available in most markets for more than five years.1 In the U.S., more people living with psoriasis are treated with Taltz compared to any other IL-17A antagonist, adding to the nearly 130,000 people in the U.S. who have been treated with the medicine.2

To learn more about real success stories with Taltz, please visit Taltz.com.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION FOR TALTZ

CONTRAINDICATIONSTaltz is contraindicated in patients with a previous serious hypersensitivity reaction, such as anaphylaxis, to ixekizumab or to any of the excipients.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONSInfectionsTaltz may increase the risk of infection. In clinical trials of adult patients with plaque psoriasis, the Taltz group had a higher rate of infections than the placebo group (27% vs 23%). A similar increase in risk of infection was seen in placebo-controlled trials of adult patients with psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, and pediatric patients with plaque psoriasis. Serious infections have occurred. Instruct patients to seek medical advice if signs or symptoms of clinically important chronic or acute infection occur. If a serious infection develops, discontinue Taltz until the infection resolves.

Pre-Treatment Evaluation for TuberculosisEvaluate patients for tuberculosis (TB) infection prior to initiating treatment with Taltz. Do not administer to patients with active TB infection. Initiate treatment of latent TB prior to administering Taltz. Closely monitor patients receiving Taltz for signs and symptoms of active TB during and after treatment.

HypersensitivitySerious hypersensitivity reactions, including angioedema and urticaria (each 0.1%), occurred in the Taltz group in clinical trials. Anaphylaxis, including cases leading to hospitalization, has been reported in post-marketing use with Taltz. If a serious hypersensitivity reaction occurs, discontinue Taltz immediately and initiate appropriate therapy.

Inflammatory Bowel DiseasePatients treated with Taltz may be at an increased risk of inflammatory bowel disease. In clinical trials, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, including exacerbations, occurred at a greater frequency in the Taltz group than the placebo group.During Taltz treatment, monitor patients for onset or exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease and if IBD occurs, discontinue Taltz and initiate appropriate medical management.

ImmunizationsPrior to initiating therapy with Taltz, consider completion of all age-appropriate immunizations according to current immunization guidelines. Avoid use of live vaccines in patients treated with Taltz.

ADVERSE REACTIONSMost common adverse reactions (1%) associated with Taltz treatment are injection site reactions, upper respiratory tract infections, nausea, and tinea infections. Overall, the safety profiles observed in adult patients with psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, and pediatric patients with plaque psoriasis were consistent with the safety profile in adult patients with plaque psoriasis, with the exception of influenza and conjunctivitis in psoriatic arthritis and conjunctivitis, influenza, and urticaria in pediatric psoriasis.

Please see fullPrescribing InformationandMedication Guidefor Taltz. SeeInstructions for Useincluded with the device.

IX HCP ISI 07MAY2020

About TaltzTaltz(ixekizumab) is a monoclonal antibody that selectively binds with interleukin 17A (IL-17A) cytokine and inhibits its interaction with the IL-17 receptor.IL-17A is a naturally occurring cytokine that is involved in normal inflammatory and immune responses. Taltz inhibits the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

About the Citrate-Free Injection Pain StudyThe citrate-free injection pain study (N=70) was a subject-blind, randomized, crossover study in healthy participants ages 18-75 years to determine injection site pain differences between Taltz citrate-free formulation compared to the original formulation of Taltz. The primary endpoint, pain intensity on injection, was measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of pain 0-100mm.3

About LillyLilly unites caring with discovery to create medicines that make life better for people around the world. We've been pioneering life-changing discoveries for nearly 150 years, and today our medicines help more than 47million people across the globe. Harnessing the power of biotechnology, chemistry and genetic medicine, our scientists are urgently advancing new discoveries to solve some of the world's most significant health challenges, redefining diabetes care, treating obesity and curtailing its most devastating long-term effects, advancing the fight against Alzheimer's disease, providing solutions to some of the most debilitating immune system disorders, and transforming the most difficult-to-treat cancers into manageable diseases. With each step toward a healthier world, we're motivated by one thing: making life better for millions more people. That includes delivering innovative clinical trials that reflect the diversity of our world and working to ensure our medicines are accessible and affordable. To learn more, visitLilly.comandLilly.com/newsroomor follow us onFacebook, Instagram, Twitterand LinkedIn.

P-LLY

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking StatementsThis press release contains forward-looking statements (as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) about Taltz as a treatment for people with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, active psoriatic arthritis, active ankylosing spondylitis and active non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis and other conditions and reflects Lilly's current beliefs and expectations. However, as with any pharmaceutical product, there are substantial risks and uncertainties in the process of drug research, development, and commercialization. Among other things, there is no guarantee that future study results will be consistent with study results to date. For further discussion of these and other risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ from Lilly's expectations, see Lilly's Form 10-K and Form 10-Q filings with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Except as required by law, Lilly undertakes no duty to update forward-looking statements to reflect events after the date of this release.

PP-IX-US-5653 08/2022 Lilly USA, LLC 2022. All rights reserved.

Taltz is a registered trademark owned or licensed by Eli Lilly and Company, its subsidiaries, or affiliates.

SOURCE Eli Lilly and Company

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Cleveland Clinic: Can the sun be beneficial for some skin conditions? – WFMJ

Posted: at 12:10 pm

News

Cleveland Clinic Dermatologist, Dr. Melissa Piliang says getting a little sun is a good idea if you have skin conditions like psoriasis or atopic dermatitis, but warns of the risks of too much sun.

If you have skin conditions such as eczema or psoriasis, you've probably been told that some time in the sun could be good for your skin. A Cleveland Clinic dermatologist says this is true, but it's important to make sure you're not overdoing it.

Cleveland Clinic Dermatologist, Dr. Melissa Piliang says getting a little sun is a good idea if you have skin conditions like psoriasis or atopic dermatitis, but warns of the risks of too much sun.

"It's important to keep in mind though, the sun increases your risk of skin cancer, especially the most deadly type of skin cancer, melanoma, so you still want to be careful and practice smart sun behaviors," Dr. Piliang said.

So what is the ideal amount of time to spend out in the sun? Dr. Piliang says if you're out in the sun to help with your skin condition, try to stay out there for no longer than five to 10 minutes at a time to avoid getting sunburned.

Dr. Piliang recommends wearing broad spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with an SPF over 30 on all areas of your body you don't want exposed directly to the sun, as well as a hat and sun-protective clothing.

While the sun can be beneficial for these skin conditions, Dr. Piliang reminds patients not to rely on it as the sole method of therapy and treatment such as light therapy and prescription medications.

"There are so many treatment options out there beyond just the sunlight or moisturizers you can buy over the counter. The dermatologist can help you get your skin clear and on a treatment that is safe and effective and you can tolerate well Dr. Piliang said.

There is currently no known cure for skin conditions like eczema or psoriasis, but Dr. Piliang says light therapy and medication can really make a difference.

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Almirall S A : and Happify Health go live with digital therapeutics support for psoriasis patients – Marketscreener.com

Posted: at 12:10 pm

Almirall and Happify Health go live with digital therapeutics support for psoriasis patients 08 August 2022

BARCELONA, Spain, and NEW YORK, USA -- May 24, 2022 - Today, Happify Health, the Intelligent Healing Company, and Almirall, S.A. (BME: ALM), a global biopharmaceutical company focused on skin health, announced that Claro, a digital program developed via the innovative partnership of both companies, is live and now available to people with psoriasis in Spain, Italy and United Kingdom.

Claro was built to improve the mental wellbeing of people with psoriasis by providing cognitive behavioral therapy, positive psychology and mindfulness. Since its launch, engagement rates on Claro are high, with active users on the platform completing an average of 2.6 activities per week.

Psoriasis is one of the world's most prevalent skin diseases, affecting about 60 million people worldwide1. It is estimated that 20 to 30% of people, globally, with moderate to severe psoriasis also suffer from mental health issues like anxiety and depression2. Approximately 80% of those affected with psoriasis have mild to moderate symptoms, with direct healthcare costs for treatment of psoriasis exceeding $65 billion annually.

"At Almirall, we are proud to offer psoriasis patients a wide range of medicines that cover the whole spectrum of the disease, from mild to severe. Claro helps us to fulfill our commitment to people living with psoriasis, providing them with an enhanced solution addressed to their wellbeing so they can get their lives back." said Dr. Volker Koscielny, MD, Chief Medical Officer of Almirall.

"Psoriasis is a significant burden in the daily life of 71% of people who suffer from it according to the National Psoriasis Foundation in the UK3," said Theo Ahadome, Senior Vice President of Commercialization at Happify Health."A 2019 study in Maedica, the Journal of Clinical Medicine establishes a clear link between skin-psychology and quality of life for people with psoriasis.3This partnership gives us the opportunity to study how effective digital programs are at keeping psoriasis patients engaged during treatment for psoriasis and improving their quality of life."

About Almirall

Almirall is a global biopharmaceutical company focused on skin health. We collaborate with scientists and healthcare professionals to address patient's needs through science to improve their lives. Our Noble Purpose is at the core of our work: "Transform the patients' world by helping them realize their hopes and dreams for a healthy life". We invest in differentiated and ground-breaking medical dermatology products to bring our innovative solutions to patients in need.

The company, founded in 1943 and headquartered in Barcelona, is publicly traded on the Spanish Stock Exchange and is a member of the IBEX35 (ticker: ALM). Throughout its 79-year history, Almirall has retained a strong focus on the needs of patients. Currently, Almirall has a direct presence in 21 countries and strategic agreements in over 70, with about 1,800 employees. Total revenues in 2021 were 836.5 million euros.

For more information, please visit almirall.com

[1]H.L. Richards, D.G. Fortune, C.E. Griffiths, C.J. Main The contribution of perceptions of stigmatization to disability in patients with psoriasis J Psychosom Res., 50 (2001), pp. 11-15.

[2]The prevalence of comorbid depression in patients with psoriasis is estimated at between 20% and 30%, and rates as high as 62% have been reported. E.A. Dowlatshahi, M. Wakkee, L.R. Arends, T. Nijsten The prevalence and odds of depressive symptoms and clinical depression in psoriasis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis J Invest Dermatol., 134 (2014), pp. 1542-1551. M. Esposito, R. Saraceno, A. Giunta, M. Maccarone, S. ChimentiAn Italian study on psoriasis and depression Dermatology., 212 (2006), pp. 123-127.

[3]National Psoriasis Foundation 2008 Survey Snapshot. Available from: PTT-24087-quality-of-life-issues-and-measurement-in-patients-with-psor (researchgate.net)

Disclaimer

Almirall SA published this content on 08 August 2022 and is solely responsible for the information contained therein. Distributed by Public, unedited and unaltered, on 08 August 2022 10:24:09 UTC.

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UNION therapeutics announces enrollment of the first patient in ADESOS Phase 2b study of orismilast MR tablet in patients with atopic dermatitis -…

Posted: at 12:10 pm

HELLERUP, Denmark, Aug. 4, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- UNION therapeutics A/S (UNION), a privately-held, multi-asset, clinical stage, pharmaceutical development company focused on immunology and infectious diseases, announces that the first patient has been enrolled in ADESOS, a Phase 2b dose-finding study evaluating the safety and efficacy of orismilast MR tablet in adult patients with moderate to severe AD. The purpose of the study is to identify the appropriate dose regimen for Phase 3 studies.

In November 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted Fast Track designation to orismilast MR tablet for the treatment of moderate to severe AD. The FDA's Fast Track designation is intended to facilitate the development and review of drug candidates that treat serious conditions and address an unmet medical need. This underscores the need for new treatment options with potential to fulfil the unmet medical needs for people affected by AD.

UNION has recently investigated the inhibitory effect of orismilast on the secretion of various inflammatory cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro. Orismilast underlined its potential in AD, psoriasis, and HS by demonstrating broad anti-inflammatory properties with potent inhibition of the main cytokines involved in these indications1). Data from the study will be presented at the 31st EADV (European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology) Congress at 7-11 September 2022.

Kim Kjller, Chief Executive Officer of UNION therapeutics said:"Orismilast modified release tablet holds the potential to become a first-in-class treatment and become an efficacious treatment option for patients who need systemic therapy for atopic dermatitis. The initiation of the ADESOS study marks an important advancement of UNION's pipeline."

Jonathan Silverberg, MD, PhD, MPH, Associate Professor of Dermatology at The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences and Signatory Investigator for ADESOS adds: "AD is one of the most common chronic skin diseases worldwide. Despite recent advancements in the treatment of AD, there are still many unmet needs for safe and effective oral treatments. Orismilast modified release tablet has the potential to be an effective and patient-friendly treatment option in AD."

About the ADESOS Phase 2b studyThe Phase 2b study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose-finding study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of orismilast MR tablet in patients with moderate to severe AD. The study will target 210 patients who will be randomized to three active doses (20mg, 30mg, and 40 mg) of orismilast relative to placebo administered twice daily. The study will be conducted in centers in Europe and the US.

About orismilastUNION is developing orismilast, which is a potent next-generation phosphodiesterase type-4 (PDE4) inhibitor operating early in the inflammation cascade to induce a broad spectrum of downstream anti-inflammatory effects. Orismilast has the potential to inhibit many inflammatory pathways involved in dermatological and immunological diseases and holds potential to become a safe and efficacious treatment option in various dermatological and immunological diseases.

UNION has two product candidates with orismilast in its clinical stage pipeline: Orismilast MR tablet currently investigated for the treatment of psoriasis, AD and HS; and topical orismilast with clinical proof of concept established in AD. UNION is progressing orismilast as a modified release tablet to minimize the occurrence of gastrointestinal side effects typically associated with PDE4-inhibition.

In November 2020, the FDA cleared UNION's Investigational New Drug (IND) application for orismilast MR tablet, and in November 2021, the FDA granted Fast Track designation to orismilast MR tablet for the treatment of moderate to severe AD.

In September 2021, UNION entered into a strategic partnership and licensing agreement with Innovent Biologic for orismilast in Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan2).

About atopic dermatitisAD is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting approximately 3% of the adult population worldwide and is the most common skin disease among children, with the disease commonly occurring by five years of age3). There was approximately 26 million diagnosed cases of AD in 2021 in the Seven Major Markets (US, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK, and Japan)4). Disease symptoms are characterized by recurrent eczematous skin lesions and intense itch. AD has a substantial psychosocial impact on patients and relatives5). During disease flares, approximately 80% of patients may experience disturbed sleep, which may also disrupt the sleep of family members6). The disease also appears to impact the mood and patients have an increased risk of anxiety and depression7).

Sources

1. In vitro study to assess the effect of orismilast on cytokine production in human PBMCs. Study number: DSK0001

2. https://uniontherapeutics.com/union-therapeutics-and-innovent-biologics-enter-into-strategic-collaboration-and-license-agreement-for-orismilast-a-next-generation-pde4-inhibitor-for-inflammatory-dermatology-conditions-1/

3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25925336/

4. Decision Resources Group (2020): Atopic Dermatitis Disease Landscape & Forecast. Published November 12, 2020

5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33006135/

6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24290431/

7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27616422/

ContactsMorten Boesen, Chief Financial Officer, UNION therapeutics A/S+45 2381 5487morten.boesen@uniontherapeutics.com

Sarah Toft-Jrgensen, Director of Communications and IR, UNION therapeutics A/S+45 5385 3044stj@uniontherapeutics.com

About UNION therapeuticsUNION therapeutics is a privately held, multi-asset, clinical stage, pharmaceutical development company focused on immunology and infectious diseases. The company is currently working with two complementary chemistry classes, spanning immunology and microbiology with multiple candidates in clinical development. UNION is headquartered in Hellerup, Denmark, and led by an international team combining biotech entrepreneurs and seasoned pharma executives, with a track record of developing and launching more than fifteen marketed drugs. Read more at http://www.uniontherapeutics.com

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