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Gene activity in the nose may signal lung cancer – KFGO
Posted: March 7, 2017 at 9:49 pm
Tuesday, March 07, 2017 5:23 p.m. CST
By Will Boggs MD
(Reuters Health) - Genetic changes in the cells lining the inside of the nose might someday help doctors diagnose lung cancer, a recent study suggests.
The idea that you don't have to sample the disease tissue but can diagnose presence of disease using relatively accessible cells that are far from the tumor . . . is a paradigm that can impact many cancers, Dr. Avrum Spira from Boston University School of Medicine, a member of the study team, told Reuters Health by email.
The layer of cells that covers the surfaces of the body and lines the cavities is known as the epithelium. Researchers found that distinctive changes in gene activity in the nasal epithelium of lung cancer patients closely parallel the changes seen in lung epithelium and can distinguish between benign lung disease and cancer.
"I think the most interesting finding was the genomic changes in the nasal epithelium of lung cancer patients mirror so closely those found in the lower airway, Spira said.
The researchers thought the nose would be a reasonable surrogate for the field of injury in the bronchial airway, he added, but the surprisingly strong concordance between the nose and lower airway gave them the encouragement to develop a nasal biomarker for lung cancer detection.
Pulmonary nodules represent a growing diagnostic dilemma in the U.S. as we have started to screen for lung cancer, Spira said. A nasal swab that is highly sensitive for lung cancer in this setting would enable physicians to avoid unnecessary invasive biopsies in nodule patients who are unlikely to have lung cancer.
Past research has found that gene expression profiles from normal bronchial epithelial cells can distinguish smokers and former smokers with lung cancer from individuals with benign lung disease, and that nasal and bronchial epithelium respond similarly to tobacco smoke.
Spiras team sought to determine whether cancer-associated gene expression in the nasal epithelium might be useful for detecting lung cancer in current and former smokers.
They identified 535 genes that had different activity patterns in the nasal epithelium of patients with lung cancer versus those with benign disease.
Cancer-associated gene changes correlated significantly between nasal epithelium and bronchial epithelium samples, and the genes that were more active in nasal epithelium of patients with lung cancer were among the genes whose activity was most increased in bronchial epithelium of patients with cancer.
When researchers compared models doctors might use to determine the likelihood of lung cancer, nasal gene activity was more accurate than clinical risk factors alone for diagnosing lung cancer, according to the Journal of the National Cancer Institute report.
The combination of clinical factors and gene activity score accurately predicted cancer 91 percent of the time, compared to 79 percent for the model based on risk factors. The combined model also had 85 percent accuracy differentiating lung cancer from benign disease, compared to 73 percent.
One of the big-picture messages for physicians is that molecular tests like this one are emerging as part of precision medicine approaches for early cancer detection, Spira said.
SOURCE: http://bit.ly/2mdEWcl Journal of the National Cancer Institute, online February 27, 2017.
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Gene Frenette: Forget sad goodbyes for Rogers, be grateful for epic coaching career – Florida Times-Union
Posted: at 9:49 pm
There was no game plan for Corky Rogers farewell press conference Tuesday, so the legendary football coach essentially winged it. He answered a few questions and then regaled his audience at a Bolles School auditorium with multiple stories, including the politically incorrect variety, about a magnificient football life.
It was Rogers at his unfiltered best for 39 minutes, as if he were entertaining friends at one of his Friday night postgame parties. At one point, to emphasize wanting to stay active in some capacity with Bolles football, he said: If they want me to be a ballboy, Ill be a ballboy.
The 73-year-old Rogers, being forced to step down as head coach at The Bolles School due to lingering health problems, purposely avoided turning this awkward goodbye into a solemn occasion. Though his body has betrayed him the last nine months, Rogers wants no sympathy for being dealt a tough hand of not leaving the profession on his terms.
A look back: Corky Rogers through the years
Thats the way me and everybody else on the [coaching] staff feels, Rogers said. Its not a bad time, its just THE time [to step away]. Would I have liked to go on coaching? Sure, but who wouldnt? Its just one of those things. Thats life.
Im glad for what I had. It went a lot longer than I thought itd go on. Theres nothing but good things to remember.
Nobody could have predicted when a newly-married Rogers, two years removed from his Georgia Tech playing days, left the insurance business in 1968 that it would lead to one of the epic coaching careers in high school football history.
Through sheer force of his competitive drive, Rogers imposed a will of voracious preparation on nearly 2,000 players in 17 years at Lee High School and the last 28 seasons at Bolles. It led to a payoff of 465 victories, 10 state titles, and teenagers receiving much-needed direction on their path to manhood.
While his career end was abrupt, and quite sad for many of his colleagues, Rogers wasnt about to stop coaching. So he kept the message upbeat by thanking players, coaches past and present, and his immediate family (wife Linda, daughters Tracy and Jennifer). He repeatedly emphasized his success was a team effort, not a solo act.
But the more Rogers deflected credit, the more a small audience of former Bolles administrators and ex-players paid him homage. A Bolles psychology teacher for 24 years, Melissa Tyler, lauded him for having football players in her class that were well-behaved and respectful.
Shawn Puri, a former Lee lineman and almost-retired Jacksonville police officer that has served as Rogers security guard at hundreds of games, kept his message short and on point, saying: On behalf of the thousand of guys that couldnt be here thank you.
About a half-dozen current Bolles players slipped into the auditorium in-between classes to hear their coach. Unsolicited, Rogers brought 6-foot-9 junior offensive tackle Nick Lewis on stage, introducing him like a proud father for being offered a scholarship to Missouri.
Harvard-bound senior defensive end Justin Mitchell sat quietly, then might well have spoken for every player who endured Rogers hard-driving regimen of practices to his offseason conditioning program. He smiled when Rogers talked about his long-standing tradition of wearing white socks pulled up, knowing players who strayed from that fashion edict were immediately kicked out of practice.
I loved playing for him because he taught you so much, said Mitchell. Coach Rogers has been through a lot [health-wise] and I listen to every story he tells because I feel it teaches you something about life. This football program has taught me how to be a man. I just thank him for that.
It was another reminder of how much Rogers transcends time. Whether it was baby boomers, Generation X, Y or Millenials, his message to players from all walks of life got through in a way that maximized their talent.
Its a shame someone of Corky Rogers skill level will no longer roam a football sideline as a head coach, but his friends, coaching colleagues and players have little reason to be sad. The overriding sentiment should be an appreciation for five decades of what he was able to give them.
Gene.frenette@jacksonville.com: (904) 359-4540
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Politically Incorrect | Criminal Case Wiki | Fandom powered …
Posted: at 9:49 pm
Politically Incorrect is a case featured in Criminal Case as the one hundred sixty-eighth case of the game. It is the fifty-third case of the game's World Edition (Season 3) and also the fifth case to take place in North America.
The Bureau went to Camp Rushmore to inform President James Hewett of SOMBRA's existence while President Hewett consulted foreign dignitaries regarding the conflict between the USNay and USStay movements. Upon reaching the campgrounds, Sidney Hirsch of the Department of Homeland Security informed the team of Special Agent Jonathan Stafford's murder. On Lake Rushmore, Jack and the player found Stafford's body with a bullet wound in his chest.
Mid-investigation, the team stopped everyone from leaving the campgrounds. Later,Agent Riordan of the FBI attempted to take over the investigation, leaving the team with 12 hours to investigate. Moreover, the President denied SOMBRA's existence and went as far as refusing to talk about the organization. The team was able to collect enough evidence to arrest Sidney for the murder.
Initially denying involvement, Sidney admitted that he had shot the man he loved. He said that he was jealous because of Jonathan's affair with First Lady Olivia Hewett and that he had confessed his feelings to him while having lunch. When Jonathan had pushed him away and called him old, Sidney shot him in the chest with his rifle and tried to resuscitate Jonathan after realizing what he had done. Consequently,Judge Adaku sentenced him to 18 years in jail.
Following Sidney's trial, the team tried to convince the President to take SOMBRA's threat seriously. Hewett still refused to talk about SOMBRA, but directed the team to the conference room for a file that the president of Russia had previously given him. Inside a COSMORUSsafebox, they found a pen drive which (per Elliot) contained information about BB, SOMBRA's captured satellite. Elliot thought of retrieving the code that SOMBRA intended to use to hijack all the satellites in the world so the team could show it to the world leaders. In order to retrieve it, the team requested Sidney's help to control BB, having it to land on Earth and pulling the hard drive out of it. During BB's descent, however, someone hijacked the satellite and rerouted it to the Northern Canadian wilderness.
After Carmen helped Sanjay meet his (and Elliot's) idol, Vanna Alabama, the Bureau headed to northern Canada to investigate BB's hijacking.
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Censorship in India – Wikipedia
Posted: at 9:48 pm
In general, censorship in India, which involves the suppression of speech or other public communication, raises issues of freedom of speech, which is protected by the Indian constitution.
The Constitution of India guarantees freedom of expression but places certain restrictions on content, with a view towards maintaining communal and religious harmony, given the history of communal tension in the nation.[1] According to the Information Technology Rules 2011, objectionable content includes anything that threatens the unity, integrity, defence, security or sovereignty of India, friendly relations with foreign states or public order".[2]
In 2017, the Freedom in the World report by Freedom House gave India a freedom rating of 2.5, a civil liberties rating of 3, and a political rights rating of 2, earning it the designation of free. The rating scale runs from 1 (most free) to 7 (least free).[3] Analysts from Reporters Without Borders rank India 133rd in the world in their 2016 Press Freedom Index,[4] In 2016, the report Freedom of the Press by Freedom House gave India a press freedom rating of "Partly Free", with a Press Freedom Score of 41 (0-100 scale, lower is better).[5]
Watching or possessing pornographic materials is apparently legal, however distribution of such materials is strictly banned.[6] The Central Board of Film Certification allows release of certain films with sexual content (labelled A-rated), which are to be shown only in restricted spaces and to be viewed only by people of age 18 and above.[7] India's public television broadcaster, Doordarshan, has aired these films at late-night timeslots.[8]Films, television shows and music videos are prone to scene cuts or even bans, however if any literature is banned, it is not usually for pornographic reasons. Pornographic magazines are technically illegal, but many softcore Indian publications are available through many news vendors, who often stock them at the bottom of a stack of non-pornographic magazines, and make them available on request. Most non-Indian publications (including Playboy) are usually harder to find, whether softcore or hardcore. Mailing pornographic magazines to India from a country where they are legal is also illegal in India. In practice, the magazines are almost always confiscated by Customs and entered as evidence of law-breaking, which then undergoes detailed scrutiny.
The Official Secrets Act 1923 is used for the protection of official information, mainly related to national security.[9]
The Indian Press currently enjoys extensive freedom. The Freedom Of Speech, mandated by the constitution guarantees and safeguards the freedom of press. However, the freedom of press was not always as robust as today.[citation needed] In 1975, the Indira Gandhi government imposed censorship of press during The Emergency. It was removed at the end of emergency rule in March 1977.[10] On 26 June 1975, the day after the emergency was imposed, the Bombay edition of The Times of India in its obituary column carried an entry that read, "D.E.M O'Cracy beloved husband of T.Ruth, father of L.I.Bertie, brother of Faith, Hope and Justica expired on 26 June".[11] In 1988 defamation bill introduced by Rajiv Gandhi but it was later withdrawn due to strong opposition to it .[12]
On 2 October 2016 (see: 2016 Kashmir unrest) the Srinagar-based Kashmiri newspaper, Kashmir Reader was asked to stop production by the Jammu and Kashmir government. The ban order, issued by the Deputy Commissioner of Srinagar Farooq Ahmad Lone cited that the reason for this was that the newspaper contains material and content which tends to incite acts of violence and disturb public peace and tranquility[13] The ban came after weeks of unrest in the Kashmir valley, following the killing of the militant Burhan Wani. Journalists have decried this as a clampdown on freedom of expression and democracy in Kashmir, as a part of the massive media censorship of the unrest undertaken by the central government. Working journalists protested the ban by marching to the Directorate of Information and Public Relations while the Kashmir Editors Guild (KEG) held an emergency meeting in Srinagar, thereafter asking the government to revoke the ban immediately, and asking for the intervention of the Press Council of India.[13] The move has been criticised by a variety of individuals, academic and civil groups in Kashmir and international rights groups, such as Jammu and Kashmir Coalition of Civil Society (JKCCS), Kashmir Economic Alliance (KEA), the Kashmir Center for Social and Developmental Studies (KCSDS) and Amnesty International, among others. Most of the major Kashmiri dailies have also rallied behind the KR, while claiming that the move represented a political vendetta against the newspaper for reporting events in the unrest as they happened on the ground. Hurriyat leaders, known to champion the cause of Kashmiri independence, also recorded their protests against the banning of the newspaper. Amnesty International released a statement saying that "the government has a duty to respect the freedom of the press, and the right of people to receive information,"[14] while criticising the government for shutting down a newspaper for opposing it. The journalists associated with the paper allege that, contrary to the claims of the J&K government, they had not been issued a notice or warning, and had been asked to stop production suddenly, which was only one manifestation of the wider media gag on Kashmir. Previously, the state government had banned newspapers for a few days in July, calling the move a temporary measure to address an extra-ordinary situation,[13] only to deflect the blame onto the police upon facing tremendous backlash, and thereafter asking the presses to resume publication. As of October 5, 2016, the ban has not been revoked and local journalists continue to protest against what they see as a breach of the freedom of the press and freedom of speech in Kashmir, with no official meeting forthcoming with government functionaries.
The Supreme Court while delivering judgement in Sportsworld case in 2014 held that "A picture of a nude/semi-nude woman... cannot per se be called obscene".[12]
The Central Board of Film Certification, the regulatory film body of India, regularly orders directors to remove anything it deems offensive, including sex, nudity, violence or subjects considered politically subversive.[15]
According to the Supreme Court of India:[16]
In 2002, the film War and Peace, depicting scenes of nuclear testing and the September 11, 2001 attacks, created by Anand Patwardhan, was asked to make 21 cuts before it was allowed to have the certificate for release.[17][18] Patwardhan objected, saying "The cuts that they asked for are so ridiculous that they won't hold up in court" and "But if these cuts do make it, it will be the end of freedom of expression in the Indian media." The court decreed the cuts unconstitutional and the film was shown uncut.
In 2002, the Indian filmmaker and former chief of the country's film censor board, Vijay Anand, kicked up a controversy with a proposal to legalise the exhibition of X-rated films in selected cinemas across the country, saying "Porn is shown everywhere in India clandestinely ... and the best way to fight this onslaught of blue movies is to show them openly in theatres with legally authorised licences".[15] He resigned within a year after taking charge of the censor board after facing widespread criticism of his moves.[19]
In 2003, the Indian Censor Board banned the film Gulabi Aaina (The Pink Mirror), a film on Indian transsexuals produced and directed by Sridhar Rangayan. The censor board cited that the film was "vulgar and offensive". The filmmaker appealed twice again unsuccessfully. The film still remains banned in India, but has screened at numerous festivals all over the world and won awards. The critics have applauded it for its "sensitive and touching portrayal of marginalised community".[20][21][22]
In 2004, the documentary Final Solution, which looks at religious rioting between Hindus and Muslims, was banned.[23][24] The film follows 2002 clashes in the western state of Gujarat, which left more than 1,000 people dead. The censor board justified the ban, saying it was "highly provocative and may trigger off unrest and communal violence". The ban was lifted in October 2004 after a sustained campaign.[25]
In 2006, seven states (Nagaland, Punjab, Goa, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh) have banned the release or exhibition of the Hollywood movie The Da Vinci Code (and also the book),[26] although India's Central Board of Film Certification cleared the film for adult viewing throughout India.[27] However, the respective high courts lifted the ban and the movie was shown in the two states.
In 2013, Kamal Haasan's "Vishwaroopam" was banned from the screening for a period of two weeks in Tamil Nadu.[12]
The Central Board of Film Certification demanded five cuts from the 2011 American film The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo because of some scenes containing rape and nudity. The producers and the director David Fincher finally decided not to release the film in India.[28]
In 2015, the Central Board of Film Certification demanded four cuts (three visual and one audio) from the art-house Malayalam feature film Chaayam Poosiya Veedu (The Painted House) directed by brothers Santosh Babusenan and Satish Babusenan because the film contained scenes where the female lead was shown in the nude. The directors refused to make any changes whatsoever to the film and hence the film was denied a certificate.[29][30][31][32][33]
In 2016, the film Udta Punjab, produced by Anurag Kashyap and Ekta Kapoor among others, ran into trouble with the Central Board of Film Certification, resulting in a very public re-examination of the ethics of film censorship in India. The film, which depicted a structural drug problem in the state of Punjab, used a lot of expletives and showed scenes of drug use. The CBFC, on 9 June 2016, released a list of 94 cuts and 13 pointers, including the deletion of names of cities in Punjab. On 13 June 2016, Udta Punjab was cleared by the Bombay High Court with one cut and disclaimers. The court ruled that, contrary to the claims of the CBFC, the film was not out to "malign" the state of Punjab, and that it wants to save people[34] Thereafter, the film was faced with further controversy when a print of it was leaked online on a torrent site. The quality of the copy, along with the fact that there was supposedly a watermark that said "censor" on top of the screen, raised suspicions that the board itself had leaked the copy to spite the filmmakers. It also contained the only scene that had been cut according to the High Court order. While the censor board claimed innocence,[35] the lingering suspicions resulted in a tense release, with the filmmakers and countless freedom of expression advocates taking to social media to appeal to the public to watch the film in theatres, as a conscious challenge against excessive censorship on art in India. Kashyap himself asked viewers to wait till the film released before they downloaded it for free, stating that he didn't have a problem with illegal downloads,[36] an unusual thing for a film producer to say. The film eventually released and grossed over $13 million[37] finishing as a commercial success.
Heavy metal band Slayer's 2006 album Christ Illusion was banned in India after Catholic churches in the country took offence to the artwork of the album and a few song titles and launched a protest against it. The album was taken off shelves and the remaining catalog was burnt by EMI Music India.[38]
In 1999, Maharashtra government banned the Marathi play Me Nathuram Godse Boltoy or I, Nathuram Godse, Am Speaking[39] The Notification was challenged before the Bombay High Court, and the High Court Bench consisting of B. P. Singh (Chief Justice), S. Radhakrishnan, and Dr. D. Y. Chandrachud allowed the writ petition and declared the notification to be ultra vires and illegal, thus rescinding the ban.
In 2004, Eve Ensler's The Vagina Monologues was banned in Chennai. The play however, has played successfully in many other parts of the country since 2003. A Hindi version of the play has been performing since 2007.
In 1961, it was criminalised in India to question the territorial integrity of frontiers of India in a manner which is, or is likely to be, prejudicial to the interests of the safety or security of India.[40]
Freedom House's Freedom on the Net 2015 report gives India a Freedom on the Net Status of "Partly Free" with a rating of 40 (scale from 0 to 100, lower is better). Its Obstacles to Access was rated 12 (0-25 scale), Limits on Content was rated 10 (0-35 scale) and Violations of User Rights was rated 18 (0-40 scale).[56] India was ranked 29th out of the 65 countries included in the 2015 report.[57]
The India country report that is included in the Freedom on the Net 2012 report, says:[58]
India is classified as engaged in "selective" Internet filtering in the conflict/security and Internet tools areas and as showing "no evidence" of filtering in the political and social areas by the OpenNet Initiative in May 2007.[59] ONI states that:
As a stable democracy with strong protections for press freedom, Indias experiments with Internet filtering have been brought into the fold of public discourse. The selective censorship of Web sites and blogs since 2003, made even more disjointed by the non-uniform responses of Internet service providers (ISPs), has inspired a clamour of opposition. Clearly government regulation and implementation of filtering are still evolving. Amidst widespread speculation in the media and blogosphere about the state of filtering in India, the sites actually blocked indicate that while the filtering system in place yields inconsistent results, it nevertheless continues to be aligned with and driven by government efforts. Government attempts at filtering have not been entirely effective, as blocked content has quickly migrated to other Web sites and users have found ways to circumvent filtering. The government has also been criticised for a poor understanding of the technical feasibility of censorship and for haphazardly choosing which Web sites to block. The amended IT Act, absolving intermediaries from being responsible for third-party created content, could signal stronger government monitoring in the future.[59]
A "Transparency Report" from Google indicates that the Government of India initiated 67 content removal requests between July and December 2010.[60]
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Violence on Facebook Live presents censorship dilemma – CNET – CNET
Posted: at 9:48 pm
Video live-streamed on Facebook in June showed the action that precedes a shooting, as well as the aftermath.
Facebook Live gives people an easy way to broadcast live video, but it has also reportedly given Facebook a real live headache: how to decide when to censor video depicting violent acts.
In the year since its launch, the feature has been used to broadcast at least 50 acts of violence, according to the Wall Street Journal, including murder, suicides and a beating of a special-needs teenager in Chicago earlier this year. One of the problems is that Facebook "didn't grasp the gravity of the medium" during the planning process for the feature, an unidentified source told the newspaper.
Facebook Live, which lets anyone with a phone and internet connection live-stream video directly to Facebook's 1.8 billion users, has become a centerpiece feature for the social network. In the past few months, everyone from Hamilton cast members to the Donald Trump campaign has turned to Facebook to broadcast in real time.
"Soon, we believe a camera will be the main way to share," instead of the traditional text box, Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg said during an earnings conference call last November. "We think its pretty clear video is only going to become more important."
But the focus on video has prompted some tough philosophical questions, like what Facebook should and shouldn't show.
In July, a Minnesota woman named Diamond Reynolds used the service to live-stream her fiance Philando Castile after he was shot by police. The next day, Facebook Live captured the scene as five Dallas police officers were gunned down during a peaceful demonstration.
Both the Castile and Dallas videos were initially streamed unedited and uncensored. The Castile video temporarily disappeared from the social network because of a "technical glitch," according to Facebook. It was restored later with a warning about its graphic nature.
Zuckerberg addressed this issue last month in an open letter to the Facebook community, conceding that errors in judgment were made.
"In the last year, the complexity of the issues we've seen has outstripped our existing processes for governing the community," he wrote, referencing how some newsworthy videos were handled.
Facebook did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
Solving for XX: The industry seeks to overcome outdated ideas about "women in tech."
Virtual reality 101: CNET tells you everything you need to know about what VR is and how it'll affect your life.
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Death Threats and Censorship Can’t Stop ‘Naughty Muslim’ Comic Mona Shaikh – NBCNews.com
Posted: at 9:48 pm
Mona Shaikh performing at the Laugh Factory Courtesy of Mona Shaikh
Shaikh was 8 years old when she knew she wanted to become a performer after watching Indian actress Madhuri Dixit.
"You can literally have the world on your finger, spinning, because of so much charisma and charm and funny that you bring to the table, and I just loved her," Shaikh said.
She was 15 when she narrowed her interest to stand-up comedy, the same year she immigrated to the United States from Pakistan with her parents and four older brothers.
Shaikh spent much of her youth in Pakistan alone because her mother was frequently in America to get treatment for two of her brothers who suffered from polio. She credits her early life as having contributed to the foundation she needed to become an artist and to the perspectives she shares through comedy.
"I think it really kicked off my imagination and it just gave me this opportunity to dream and think what would it be like to be a performer. To travel the world, to connect with so many people who don't share the same background as you, but to bring these people together and convey to them artistically?" she said. "I think it really fed the artist that needed to be fed as a kid."
Although Shaikh knew early on what she wanted to do with her life, she didn't share her dreams with her family until she was 18. They didn't support her, Shaikh said, and she was given an ultimatum of either studying physical therapy or being sent back to Pakistan to get married.
She rejected both options, moved to New York, dropped out of college and invested her money into acting classes with no backup plan.
"Here's the thing: if you don't burn your boats, you never know what you're capable of," she said. "With a backup plan, you're not going to give it your all because at the back of your mind, you always think you can always go back to that other life. I didn't want to do that. I burned my boats and it's not easy, but it's working out."
Since then, Shaikh has become the first Pakistani female comedian selected for the Laugh Factory's Funniest Person in the World Competition and to headline Hollywood Improv. In 2015, she launched a diverse comedy show called Minority Reportz, which features a diverse slate of comedians.
Across Los Angeles, she has performed at multiple venues, including The Ice House in Pasadena and Flappers Comedy Club in Burbank.
With the recent presidential election, Shaikh has incorporated current political events into her set and has been vocal about her dislike of President Donald Trump. As a Muslim, she joked that she's OK with the Muslim registry Trump had proposed, but that she would have her rear end photographed for it.
Despite the fact that politics can be a sensitive subject, Shaikh said having lived in Pakistan is why she includes the topic in her routines.
"I grew up in a politically unstable country so politics is weaved into my fabric," she said. "I can't be an artist now and not talk about things that impact people."
But Shaikh isn't always able to include that subject in her shows. During a set in Dubai, she was censored from discussing human rights violations or criticizing the government of Saudi Arabia, which is an ally of the United Arab Emirates, she said. Had she violated that instruction, she was told she would have been banned from going back to the country.
While she wasn't able to make those jokes live, Shaikh has taken to YouTube to poke fun at how women in Saudi Arabia aren't allowed to drive and how some Muslims imams have sanctioned domestic violence. In one clip, she jokes about how Pakistani men are obsessed with virgins because they don't like criticism. Shaikh's material has earned her the nickname
Sometime in 2012 or 2013, Shaikh said she was notified via email by her fans that her website website had been banned in Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. Last year, she received an email from YouTube saying her channel had been banned in the two countries, she said.
Shaikh said she has even received death threats via email, but said she isn't fazed and hasn't been deterred from continually bringing up those topics.
"They don't like the fact that I talk about these things, but when I see my fellow Pakistani sisters being physically assaulted or murdered by their own family for honor killings and such backward cultural things, how do you as a human being not speak up against that, especially as an artist? Especially if you have a platform?" she said.
"If the Pakistani government doesn't like it, maybe they can start changing their laws and start treating minorities, women, transgender and gay people with some more love and respect," she added.
Shaikh noted that either way, some people will take offense to her content and disagree with it, so she would rather talk about things that matter.
"I've seen when people don't speak up and they don't provide resistance against tyrants or evildoers," she said. "There's a big price to pay for that, and I think artistically and as a human, I try to be on the right side of history. I guess there's a price for that, too."
Through comedy, Shaikh says she hopes to do for audiences what two of her role models, comedians George Carlin and Chris Rock, did for theirs.
"What they did for people is they made them think," she said. "That's my goal."
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Students journalists gain protection against censorship – Arizona Daily Sun
Posted: at 9:48 pm
PHOENIX A House panel voted 10-1 Monday to protect student journalists despite objections by one lawmaker who feared giving too much power to children.
SB 1384 would limit the ability of administrators to censor university, community college and public school papers. About the only time they could block publication would be in cases of libel, unwarranted invasions of privacy, violations of law of where there is imminent danger of inciting students or disruption of operations.
And that prior restraint would be allowed only for public school papers.
Members of the House Education Committee heard from a parade of high school journalists who cited their own experiences having stories edited or quashed by administrators. That included Henry Gorton at Sunnyslope High School who said he was barred from reporting the views of Trump supporters about issues of illegal immigration amid concerns that undocumented students would feel threatened.
Rep. Don Shooter, R-Yuma, told Gorton that story might actually gain him support at the Republican-controlled legislature.
But Rep. David Stringer, R-Prescott, called the legislation well intentioned but also flawed.
Stringer indicated he had no real problem with providing protections for college journalists. But this bill, he said, goes too far.
I think it's a big mistake to include high schools and student newspapers in high schools with colleges and universities, he said. There's a very, very fundamental difference between high schools which are full of children, which are full of minors, and colleges and universities where we're dealing with adults.
And Stringer specifically objected to a provision to protect faculty advisers from administrative retaliation solely for either protecting student journalists from exercising their rights in the legislation or refusing to infringe on conduct that is constitutionally protected.
I can see the need to protect students, to allow students to have freedom of speech, he told Sen. Kimberly Yee, R-Phoenix, the sponsor of the legislation.
But I think it's pretty common knowledge that in many of our schools there's a strong liberal bias, Stringer continued. And I can foresee the unintended consequence of protecting faculty members who are influencing the students, or perhaps expressing their own views and biases, using public resources to propagandize their own liberal views through what purport to be student publications.
Stringer was not dissuaded by Lori Hart, a faculty adviser at Cactus Shadows High School in Cave Creek, who argued such protections are necessary.
Advisers do get fired from teaching at the school if they go ahead and publish something that is not approved by the school, she said.
Hart said it's possible that if students get additional legal protections it might not be necessary to extend some sort of employment immunity to their advisers. But she told Stringer that's not the case now.
I just know that right now teachers need that protection, Hart said.
This is actually the second time Yee has advanced such legislation. The first time was in 1992 as a high school student journalist who came to the Capitol to seek protections after she said her own work at Greenway High School was being censored.
She got the bill through the Senate only to have it die in the House. Yee told colleagues she did not realize that until last year.
Yee, like Hart, defended the protection for faculty members.
They, too, receive intimidation from their school district administrators who tell them, 'Don't print the story, she said.
And they fight against that because they're protecting the student, Yee said. They're saying, 'The story is a valid story, it's got both sides of the issue, it's black and white, it's appropriate to go to print.
Stringer warned Gorton there's a potential downside in getting the freedom he and other students seek: Administration simply shutters the paper.
You do see the risk that if we statutorily guarantee you, to high school students, adolescents, this blanket kind of immunity and free speech protection that it could be totally self-defeating and have very unintended consequences that you basically lose your forum for expressing any opinions or journalistic ideas, Stringer said.
Gorton, however, was undeterred. He said if administration controls the content, the paper is no longer a forum for students.
Under censorship, it's not a forum but an echo chamber that's more propaganda and more a newsletter rather than a newspaper, something that only advances the interests of our administrators, he said.
Rep. Michelle Udall, R-Mesa, said she was concerned that the legislation did not specifically allow administrators to keep profanity and nudity out of papers. But David Cullier, dean of the journalism school at the University of Arizona, said there are court cases which already give public school administrators the right to prevent publication of such items.
The measure, which already has gained unanimous Senate approval, now needs a vote of the full House.
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Facebook launches tool to fight fake news but is it censorship? – New York’s PIX11 / WPIX-TV
Posted: at 9:48 pm
Facebook logos pictured on the screens of a smartphone and a laptop computer. (JUSTIN TALLIS/AFP/Getty Images)
By Ese Olumhense
A careful approach to fake news
As part of its ongoing effort to curb the spread of misleading or completely fabricated news articles on its platform, Facebook launched a tool Friday to flag links shared from fake news sites, cautioning readers that the material shared has been disputed by non-partisan fact-checking sites.
Though the feature isnt yet available to everyone, according to the social media giants Help page, its the latest step in their war on fake news.
Facebook incurred the wrath of users frustrated by the many hoax news stories surrounding the 2016 election. Bending to pressure, the site announced in late 2016 a series of initiatives that it would take to deal with its fake news problem.
We believe in giving people a voice and that we cannot become arbiters of truth ourselves, so were approaching this problem carefully, said VP of Product for News Feed at Facebook, Adam Mosseri, in a December blog post.
As part of this careful approach, Facebook says that it will work with independent fact-checkers to identify fake news stories, which would then be flagged. These flagged posts would be deprioritized in news feeds, and if a user tries to share a flagged story, theyll see a warning cautioning that the story had been disputed. Flagged stories cannot be promoted or turned into advertisements.
Its unclear whether the mechanism outlined in December is the one in place now, or if other features have been included.
How lies and exaggerations spread on Facebook
Though it isnt a news site, 66 percent of Facebooks users rely on the platform to access news, a 2016 study found. This is up from 47 percent in 2013.
Considering the massive reliance on the social network for news, it became a lightning rod for 2016 election news.
But it soon emerged that some of the news appearing in Facebook feeds was misleading, or flat-out fake. Seeing an opportunity to capitalize on the interest in the presidential election, predatory publishers drove significant traffic to their sites with fake articles on anything from Democratic candidate Hillary Clintons supposed ill health to rumors that now-President Donald Trumps tax returns had leaked. At times, the misinformation campaigns bordered on dangerous, as fake stories teasing civil war or threatening riots if a particular candidate won or lost became more and more popular.
After the election, some journalists blamed Facebook for Trumps eventual election, claiming that its lucrative advertising prospects helped malicious actors sway popular opinion, even when those actors lived outside the United States.
Fight over fake news continues
Fake news did not stop after Trumps historic upset. In fact, it became a major talking point for Americans on either side of the political spectrum, weaponized to discredit and delegitimize news pieces that dont adhere to either sides agenda.
While Facebooks latest effort is certainly appreciated by some news consumers, others are skeptical, believing that the companys actions amount to arbitrary and unjustifiable censorship.
Who are these people that will be deciding what is relevant and what is not to the largest social media site in the world? asked Mickey White, conservative commentator and critic in December. The source of information for over half the country. We dont know that [they] have any qualifications outside of their own individual bias.
Facebook has enlisted fact-checking organizations like Politifact and Snopes to help monitor stories flagged as fake. The sites are part of a network of fact-checking organizations coordinated by the Poynter Institute. Members of the group must apply and be vetted by a team at Poynter, and agree to a set of principles including transparency and nonpartisanship.
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A student society has been censored for talking about censorship – Spiked
Posted: at 9:48 pm
To the list of what can get you censored on a university campus we can now add talking about censorship.
The University of Lincoln Students Union has suspended its student conservative societys social-media accounts until 1 May over allegations of bring[ing] the University of Lincoln Students Union and the University of Lincoln into disrepute.
According to a statement from the society, this was due to an anonymous complaint over two tweets. The first, in relation to freedom of speech, linking an article from spiked, and the second was in relation to an SU questionnaire that had to be completed before voting in recent SU elections.
After reading spikeds Free Speech University Rankings (FSUR), the society decided to publicise the fact that Lincoln Students Union had received a Red ranking. Screenshots of the offending tweet, seen by spiked, show a picture of Lincolns ranking page, alongside emojis with their mouths zipped shut.
Another student conservative society, the Hull University Conservative Association, flagged up the alleged censorship of the Lincoln society on its Facebook page. At time of publishing, Lincolns SU has not issued a statement, or responded to spikeds requests for comment.
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A rendezvous with destiny – The Kingston Whig-Standard
Posted: at 9:45 pm
The issue of extreme, or binge, drinking among young people is neither novel nor easily understood. Most Kingstonians -- students included -- tend to stand back and give the inebriated their due. "Kids will be kids," the old saw goes, and local residents certainly have seen these "kids" in action, too many times to recount here.
As a retired Queen's University professor, and as someone who has learned a great deal himself from youthful encounters with John Barleycorn, I began to pay closer attention the evening of Homecoming 2016, when a neighbouring house became the scene of bedlam. Yes, a step down from the notorious Aberdeen riots of 2007, but still necessitating several calls to security and the Kingston Police Force to quell what amounted to a small riot.
Given that William Street has become primarily a student-centred demographic -- with several family homes transitioning to student apartments in the past five years -- the "party" was merely one of many, part of the culture that gives Queen's its reputation as a hard-drinking school.
The culture that gives rise to behaviours that you would not write home to tell mom about is ubiquitous. It becomes problematic for homeowners primarily during Orientation Week, Homecoming and St. Patrick's Day. But uncontainable parties are liable to break out at any time, especially given the power of social media to tell the world that a revelry is underway at a given address. And, then, woe betide anyone who gets in the way.
This set of proposals is based on conclusions reached after my decision to do something constructive to ameliorate the problem. I determined to interview as many people as possible, people who may be described as stakeholders in a positive outcome. Many fellow citizens shook their head sadly, offering a variation of "good luck with that," and walking off to attend to simpler tasks.
But I persisted, believing the importance of getting all people involved, at whatever level, on the same page. There are many intelligent people who live in Kingston. Why should they not wish to contribute to a constructive program to cut down on drunken merriments, which do so much to antagonize residents, anger law enforcement officials, give headaches to mayors and principals, outrage the chiefs of emergency medicine at both Kingston General Hospital and Hotel Dieu, and provide a nursery school for alcoholics?
I have described the etiology of "the party" elsewhere. Here, after many conversations with people who make policy and who think about these things, I offer suggestions to mitigate what is now an intolerable state of affairs.
1. The mayor of Kingston and the city council, as well as the principal of Queen's, must look at both short and long terms of any programs that will affect behaviours and social mores in place for more than a century. A good start would be twofold: first, to take a good look at housing policies that have allowed student density in residential to become nearly unmanageable. It is time for Queen's University to get into the housing market, to find ways and places, to build residences for non-first-year students. A good start might be to knock down all the houses that Queen's owns on Aberdeen between Earl and William and commission two comfortable residences for upperclassmen to be built by private developers. That location is perfect. Queen's should make those new residences affordable, and take an interest in them, as well as becoming engaged in affecting the larger Kingston urban environment. I find it ironic that Queen's boasts a Department of Urban Planning but resists, year after year, doing what it should to become part of the urban scene it inhabits.
2. In the short term, city council should seek to make enforceable existing bylaws dealing with noise, garbage, and what I deem "nuisance behaviour." Queen's students do not have a lawful right to drink outside their apartments and homes. I, for one, would like to see -- and this idea is both short- and long-term -- council passage of a general nuisance bylaw that has some teeth. On drinking days (Homecoming, St. Pat's, orientation), enforcers should be out in force.
3. At present, Queen's Security is useless to homeowners in immediate need. Queen's should become more proactive in terms of providing security for people who are "visited," especially at night, by its drinking crowd. It would seem, also, that repeat offences might be tagged by having the university consider all students to live up to its code of conduct, revisited in 2016. Violations of said code should have consequences. At present, those regulations seem laughable. Drunken misbehaviours and police attention go unchallenged. The problem now is that, aside from terrible hangovers and -- worst-case scenario, trips to emergency via ambulance -- there are currently no consequences, save the damage done by/to the students themselves. Again, might there, should there, be penalties? Given the undeniable impact of excessive alcohol use on individuals' physical and mental health, there is a strong argument to make for consequences, especially for repeat offenders. Letters home? Names published in the Whig-Standard? Academic penalty? We've done well with other objectionable wicked problems -- smoking and drunk driving come to mind. There is no reason why we cannot deal constructively with this one. We must realize, as one colleague put it, "shame is not a Puritan ethic. It is a strategy for fostering a sense of citizenship -- calling out the failure to take the views/feelings of others into consideration when using public spaces and resources."
4. Queen's has a ready bureaucracy, undermanned to be sure, but prepared to deal with the fallout left in many instances by extreme drinking. The Wellness Centre, the Chaplain's Office, the Office of the Sexual Violence Prevention and Response Co-ordinator -- all of these and other venues are involved in the aftermath of alcohol and drug abuse at the university. And these centres are very busy. They might think about joining forces with Kingston, Frontenac and Lennox and Addington Public Health to step up a needed educational program. They all need more support, especially when it comes to proactive prevention.
5. Any educational program that will succeed, however modestly, requires significant student support. The AMS and various faculty and activity organization need to do more to recognize the severity of the problem. They need to teach incoming students about the dangers of drinking and doing drugs. It's that simple. One thing I have learned in my 75 years is that the immortality that many students seem to assume in their years between high school and the real world is a mirage. Swimming with the crocodiles while one is "wasted" too often appears a challenge, a positive, a way of fitting in with the peers. I offer a different view -- one that emphasizes human mortality, and the chances that one takes when one drinks to excess.
6. Given the centrality of the health issue, and the need merely to survive a bad night with booze, I note that the Detox Centre is too busy for business on Homecoming, and consequently that the hospitals are overrun with company. This year it was 45 ambulances at KGH emergency, clogging the arteries of that venerable site. So, to keep the hospital functioning as it should at future Homecomings, I suggest creation of a MASH-like mobile unit (perhaps two of them), one stationed at Market Square, or at the intersection of Union and University, dedicated to bringing the moribund back to life. This way the hospital emergency room can go about its business as intended.
7. The university must recognize how social the practice of extreme drinking is in its meanings. Paradoxically, students gain a great deal in the realms of individual and group identity as they share their alcohol experiences -- both good and bad -- before, during and after being under the influence. Queen's needs to revisit its practices of orientation and Homecoming, and note how central the alcohol experience is to both events. The proposal here would lessen the social component of orientation by removing the second-year Gaels completely and turning orientation into the academic enterprise it should be. This might also remove the "wink, wink, nudge, nudge" attitude toward drinking in the dorms, much of it underage. You have to cut the umbilical between frosh and alcohol, and this is the place to begin to do it.
I have been asked many times about my own past. I state here merely that I know and have experienced all of the highs and lows associated with alcohol. There are days and nights and weeks and months that I would like back -- primarily from my university years. I make it clear here, however, that I am not against drinking, per se. But I am very much in favour of moderation, in intake and in behaviour.
Geoff Smith is professor emeritus at Queen's University and a former op-ed columnist for the Whig-Standard.
The Kingston Whig-Standard 2017
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