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Study Says Life On Mars Will Have Fungus: Can Space Travelers Risk Infection? – International Business Times
Posted: July 11, 2017 at 9:48 pm
Theres a fungus among us wherever we go, even Mars, so scientists are studying fungi in space habitats to better understand how those microorganisms will affect astronauts on a mission to Mars or in a space colony.
They used an inflatable habitat with similar conditions to the International Space Station although on Earth, it simulates the sort of closed system astronauts would live in on the moon or on Mars, complete with air filtration. As students occupied the habitat for 30 days, the researchers collected fungus samples to find species that were environmentally common as well as pathogens that could infect humans. According to their study in the journal Microbiome, the fungal community became more diverse during the course of the human habitation, therefore, it is crucial to properly maintain a closed habitat to preserve it from deteriorating and keep it safe for its inhabitants.
Read: Vice President Mike Pence Says We Will Return to the Moon
The research took place alongside other studies of how humans react to a confined environment on a physical health level as well as on a psychological and behavioral level. Samples were taken from locations around the habitat throughout the length of the experiment. Some of the most abundant fungi collected were ones that are known to trigger allergies and asthma. And because previous research has shown that astronaut immune systems behave differently in space, the crew could face serious health risks. If stress leads to a decreased immune response in the space travelers, they could be more susceptible to a pathogen.
Understanding the microbiome of a closed system and its association with human inhabitation will help to assess the correlation between human health and microbiome of the habitat, the study says.
Cleaning procedures might be implemented as a safety measure during a colonization of Mars or another space journey, and indeed the researchers note that weekly cleanings in their model habitat included antibacterial wipes and could have affected the fungus samples they were able to collect.
Scientists took fungus samples from a model space habitat as a student crew lived and worked inside it for 30 days to determine how fungi populations change through the course of their stay. Photo: Microbiome
But fungi tend to be hardy, so they present a challenge: Fungi are extremophiles that can survive harsh conditions such as low nutrient, desiccation, high/low temperatures, acidic/alkaline, radiation, and other environments, according to the research. Fungal species not only have been isolated from all known environments on Earth, including barren lands like deserts, caves, or nuclear accident sites, but also are known to be difficult to eradicate from other types of environments including indoor and closed spaces.
Even ones within the fungal community, known as a mycobiome, that are not known to cause deadly infection can be a problem. A report by journal publisher BioMed Central explained that one of the fungi collected is a common outdoor organism and while it does not often cause an infection in humans, it could trigger an asthma attack, particularly in someone whose immune system has been weakened during space travel.
Read: Can Bacteria Survive on the Mars Surface?
A protected habitat would be necessary for all foreseeable space missions because of the conditions on other planets and moons. Even if the Mars atmosphere was breathable, the air is too thin to support human respiration, even when its not choked with dust. And any water on Mars has long disappeared from the surface, putting another obstacle in the way of habitation.
The next step is to understand why the fungi populations in a closed habitat evolve the way they do.
In-depth knowledge of the viable mycobiome will allow the development of required maintenance and cleaning procedures in a closed habitat and also prevent it from deteriorating and becoming a health hazards to its inhabitants, corresponding author Kasthuri Venkateswaran, from NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, said in the BioMed Central statement. However, to be able to show that increased fungal diversity is a result of human presence, the mycobiome of the occupants will also need to be studied.
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JCB Pioneer: Mars Bringing Realistic Colonization to Steam Early … – Capsule Computers
Posted: at 9:48 pm
Atomicom announced their hardcore survival PC gameJCB Pioneer: Marswill hit Steam Early Access in Winter 2017 (Summer 2017 in the Northern Hemisphere). Developed with guidance from astrophysicist Dr. Maggie Lieu, a research fellow at the European Space Agency;JCB Pioneer: Marsis setting its sights on being a realistic take on what early colonization of the Mars may actually look like. Atomicon also partnered with engineers from construction equipment firm JCB to create a variety of construction and mining vehicles that could believably find their way to Mars.
Players are among the first colonists send to Mars in hopes of finding a new home for humanity as Earth begins to collapse. They will start off in the wreckage of their landing pod. To have any hope of survival, they will need to quickly establish their first colony and secure their supply of oxygen. The colony will need a constant stream of materials for research, construction, and repairs as players contend with Mars hostile environment.
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Space invadersthe dangers of fungi in space – BMC Blogs Network (blog)
Posted: at 9:48 pm
Have you ever wondered what it would be like to live in space or on another world? One day it may be possible to do so, but whenever and wherever we colonize, we take with us our microbiota. Would they affect our ability to live beyond Earth? New research published today indicates that the health of space travelers could be negatively impacted by fungi in our microbiota.
Srimathy Sriskantharajah 11 Jul 2017
pixabay - public domain image
Long before the first living creature was sent into space, humans have looked up at the night sky and wondered what it would like to live in space. Space agencies and commercial companies are researching longer term habitation in space and on other worlds. We all assume that, one day, we will establish colonies on other planets and celestial bodies (e.g moons), but not many people have considered whether there are other Earthlings better adapted to space colonization than us microorganisms. The microorganisms that make up our microbiota will also come with us if and when we colonize another world. How they adapt could also influence our own ability to colonize other planets.
In 2015, AleksandraChecinska and colleagues published a study of the International Space Station that showed microbes from the human skin form a substantial part of the ISS microbiota. The results indicate better cleaning regimes are required on the ISS and that these microorganisms could affect the health of astronauts.
A recently published article by the same group looked at the mycobiome (fungal microbiota) of a prototype lunar modules during a 30-day occupation period by a group of humans. Fungi can live in extreme environments on Earth, so should be relatively amenable to living in space and on extra-terrestrial bodies. The study showed human presence influenced fungal presence and diversity within the lunar module, and consequently could affect human health in space. Furthermore, the presence of fungi in the module could affect its structural integrity, impacting the safety of the occupants.
These two studies show how our microbiota can cause health or safety issues in space when they leave our bodies and enter the surrounding environment, but what about the impact of space travel on our microbiota when it is still inside us? NASA recently investigated these effects on two ISS missions between 2013 and 2016, collecting swab samples (saliva, blood, sweat and fecal) from astronauts over the course of their missions. The results have yet to be published, but the fact that the investigation occurred indicates a belief that the impact of space travel on our microbiota is a serious concern.
Considering how closely our microbiota affect our lives here on Earth, it is not surprising that they could impact our ability to colonize the moon or any other celestial body. Even the journey to these new homes could be hampered or helped by our microbiota. Could certain microorganisms within our microbiota enable us to adapt better to space travel? Would our microbiota colonize other worlds successfully before we do? Or would deep space travel send our microbiota into meltdown? It would be interesting to see whether our microbiota, rather than technology, were to be the limiting factor in space exploration.
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Sanofi Shores Up Flu Vaccine Business With Protein Sciences Deal – Xconomy
Posted: at 9:47 pm
Xconomy New York
With influenza season a few months away, Sanofi is giving its vaccine operations a shot in the arm by acquiring Protein Sciences, a company that has a commercial vaccine, Flublok, and manufactures it using genetic engineering and cell culture instead of the traditional method that relies on millions of chicken eggs.
According to the companies, Sanofi (NYSE: SNY) will pay privately held Protein Sciences, of Meriden, CT, $650 million up front. The deal puts Flublok in the hands of a big company with resources to market the product globally. Protein Sciences stands to gain an additional $100 million if its vaccine hits certain unspecified milestones under Sanofi.
Most influenza vaccine is produced by a decades-old process of culturing the virus in chicken eggs. Vaccine makers have been trying to move beyond it for years; egg production requires long lead times and is susceptible to many factors, like contamination and chicken illnesses, that can create shortages.
Conversely, cell cultures can be frozen until needed, notes the FDA. This feature gives vaccine makers more flexibility to match demand. Cell culture has other advantages. Some flu strains grow better and faster in cell culture, which allows vaccine makers to produce vaccines and bring them to the market more quickly, the FDA says.
FluBlok, which got an FDA green light in 2013, is a recombinant vaccine, which means Protein Sciences uses genetic engineering to make the single protein from the influenza virus that is needed for protection. The vaccine is then produced in cell culture. This approach, Protein Sciences says, matches the viral strain that is circulating in a given flu season. Last year, the FDA approved a quadrivalent version of Flublok, a version of the Protein Sciences vaccine developed to protect against four flu strains.
Despite the speed advantages of cell culture production, as well as Protein Sciences ability to match its vaccine to circulating viral strains, the approach does havesome challenges. Like egg culture, cell culture vaccine production faces contamination risks. Also, making vaccines from cell culture is a more expensive way to produce vaccines.
Nonetheless, pharma companies are pursuing cell culture production to diversity their vaccine portfolio mix. In some cases, companies have constructed vaccine manufacturing plants as part of a Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority initiativeto build the capability to respond to a viral outbreak. BARDA formed the plan following the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic. One site constructed under this plan operates in North Carolina. Under a government contract, Novartis (NYSE: NVS built a vaccine production site in Holly Springs, NC, capable of quickly responding to a viral emergency. That site is now operated by Seqirus, a division of Australian company CSL formed through the 2015 acquisition of Novartis influenza vaccine business.
Protein Sciences facility in Pearl River, NY, will give Sanofi a fifth site for seasonal vaccine production. The Paris-based company currently produces flu vaccine in northwestern France, Mexico, China, and Pennsylvania.
The boards of directors of both Sanofi and Protein Sciences have approved the acquisition, which still needs the approval of regulators. The companies expect to close the deal in later this quarter.
Image of H1N1 influenza by Flickr user NIAIDvia a Creative Commons license.
Frank Vinluan is editor of Xconomy Raleigh-Durham, based in Research Triangle Park. You can reach him at fvinluan [at] xconomy.com
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Dr. Beaudet recognized for leadership in genetics – Baylor College of Medicine News (press release)
Posted: at 9:47 pm
The American Society of Human Genetics (ASHG) has honored Dr. Arthur L. Beaudet, Henry and Emma Mayer Professor in the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics at Baylor College of Medicine, with the 2017 Victor A. McKusick Leadership Award.
This award, named in honor of the late Dr. Victor A. McKusick, recognizes individuals whose professional achievements have fostered and enriched the development of human genetics as well as its assimilation into the broader context of science, medicine and health.
It is an honor to accept the 2017 McKusick Award, said Beaudet, who also is a Professor in the Department of Pediatrics at Baylor and physician at Texas Childrens Hospital. The American Society of Human Genetics is a prominent organization for genetics specialists all over the world, and I am proud to join the ranks of past award winners, all of whom have contributed significantly to the field.
In the 1980s, Beaudet and colleagues were the first to document uniparental disomy, a phenomenon in which a person receives two copies of a chromosome from one parent and zero from the other. In the following years, they drew an important distinction between genetic and epigenetic diseases that both lead to altered expression of the same genes and identified ways to study these and better understand the conditions they caused. Currently, his research focuses on neuronal carnitine deficiency as a risk factor for autism; the role of genomic imprinting in diseases such as Prader-Willi syndrome, Angelman syndrome and autism; and prenatal genetic diagnosis based on fetal cells isolated from maternal blood.
In addition to his scientific leadership, ASHG also honors Beaudets contributions to the Society as well as the broader research community. A longtime member of ASHG, he belonged to its Program Committee from 1984-86, its Board of Directors from 1987-90, and its Awards Committee from 2010-12, and served as President in 1998. He received the Societys William Allan Award in 2007, and belonged to the Editorial Board of the ASHG-published The American Journal of Human Genetics from 1986-1989. In addition, he was awarded the Texas Genetics Society Barbara H. Bowman Award in 1999 and the March of Dimes Colonel Harland Sanders Award for Lifetime Achievement in Genetic Research and Education in 2002. He has published more than 350 articles in scientific literature.
Dr. Beaudets outstanding leadership in human genetics has transcended all aspects of the academic mission from clinical care, education and training, to basic and translational research, said Dr. Brendan Lee, the Robert and Janice McNair Endowed Chair and professor of molecular and human genetics, chair of the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics at Baylor and ASHG Executive Committee member.
ASHG will present the McKusick Award, which will include a plaque and $10,000 prize, to Beaudet on Tuesday, Oct. 17, during the organizations67th Annual Meetingin Orlando, Fla.
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Artist to debut 3D portraits produced from Chelsea Manning’s DNA – Reuters
Posted: at 9:47 pm
NEW YORK (Reuters) - Around thirty three-dimensional portraits of Chelsea Manning, created using the DNA of the transgender U.S. Army soldier imprisoned for leaking classified data, will greet visitors at eye-level at an exhibition opening in New York City next month.
Artist Heather Dewey-Hagborg based the portraits on a range of possible facial variations generated by software that analyzed DNA samples sent her by the former intelligence analyst when she was behind bars.
Manning, 29, was released in May from a U.S. military prison in Kansas where she had been serving time for passing secrets to the WikiLeaks website in the biggest breach of classified data in the history of the United States.
Other than one mugshot, photos of Manning were prohibited while she was in custody.
The exhibition by Dewey-Hagborg and Manning at the Fridman Gallery in Manhattan shows portraits of her with different color eyes or skin tone. Manning seems more masculine in some of the depictions, and in others more feminine in the show titled "A Becoming Resemblance."
"I'm hoping people will walk in and see a portrait that resonates with them and feel kind of that connection with her," Dewey-Hagborg said at the gallery, where the exhibit opens on Aug. 2. "We are all Chelsea Manning and we all stand there with her."
Dewey-Hagborg, who has previously created art pieces produced using DNA samples, worked with Manning for more than two years on the project. It began when a magazine contacted the artist to ask whether she could create an image to accompany a feature profile of Manning.
Dewey-Hagborg said she found the former soldier to be optimistic and "incredibly brave" during all of their interactions.
Manning said she trusted the artist and gave her free reign to produce the images, according to Dewey-Hagborg, asking only that the artist did not make her appear too masculine.
Prisons try very hard to make us inhuman and unreal by denying our image, and thus our existence, to the rest of the world." Manning said in a statement on the gallery's website.
Dewey-Hagborg said the exhibition was meant to show that DNA does not necessarily tell you what gender a person is. She also hoped that showing 30 different DNA-generated versions of Manning's face drew attention to the fact DNA-based imaging is not completely accurate.
"It's growing and developing but it's not ready for that kind of use yet," Dewey-Hagborg said of the imaging technology.
Reporting by Taylor Harris; Editing by Daniel Wallis and Andrew Hay
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Artist to debut 3D portraits produced from Chelsea Manning's DNA - Reuters
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DNA Analysis Isn’t Foolproof, But One Pittsburgher Says It Could Be – 90.5 WESA
Posted: at 9:47 pm
The FBI has used the same protocols to process DNA for the last 20 years. It requires a human analyst to make comparisons based on subjective choices and simplified genetic samples.
MarkPerlin's product, True Allele, uses a different method. It's a program that lets computers process every high and low point in a piece of DNA no comparisons or required.
On this episode of the Criminal Injustice podcast, host David Harris talks to Perlin about the program and how DNA analysis can be more powerful, faster and accurate.
Their conversation has been edited for length and clarity.
MARK PERLIN: What True Allele does is it explains the data. Unlike the human methods from the FBI, which discard data, it preserves the data, doesn't touch it and can try out hundreds of thousands of different ways of explaining the data. The better explanations have more probability, and they enter with higher probability into the final answer.
DAVID HARRIS: This comes up especially with crime scenes that have mixtures of different people's DNA. What kind of what kind of crimes would we see mixtures in?
PERLIN: You'd see mixtures in sexual assaults, where there's a victim and an assailant, or maybe a consensual partner. You'd see mixtures on almost any crime like a robbery where someone has touched a surface.
HARRIS: Touched a handgun, maybe?
PERLIN: Yes, and left their DNA on a handgun or a safe for a surface. And the DNA can be from four or five different people, so separating out who those contributors are before you would make a comparison is something the computer can do that people can't.
HARRIS: This came up in Allegheny County, here in Pittsburgh, in a case involving the murder of two sisters. Tell us about the Wolf sisters case.
PERLIN: In the Wolf sisters case, there was a lot of DNA evidence. The case was involved a lot of circumstantial evidence, because there were no eyewitnesses to how the two sisters were shot in their home. There were considerable DNA items. Most of them were mixtures and complex mixtures of two, three or four people, and in order to understand which of these suspects or victims were in items of evidence or not in items of evidence, a computer analysis was needed.
HARRIS: That's what you did in the Wolf sisters case, your software supplied that analysis, and that resulted in a guilty verdict.
PERLIN: Yes, based to a great extent on the ability of the computer to analyze DNA evidence.
HARRIS: Now if you could envision a world in which the cyber genetics method was in wide use, what would be the impact on the justice system?
PERLIN: First, we'd have information from all DNA evidence. The correct people would be convicted. The correct people would be exonerated. Most importantly, it would prevent crime.
HARRIS: How would it prevent crime?
PERLIN: For example, in the case of the Wolf sisters, there was a hat left by Allen Wade a month before the murders occurred. Using technology like True Allele would have detected that the burglar was Allen Wade. He would have been found on a real DNA database and apprehended, and these murders would never have occurred.
HARRIS: If somebody were to come to your company, a county's crime lab, and say, "We have all these untested samples. Can you help us?" What would your reaction be?
PERLIN: Our first reaction is and has been we will screen all of your evidence at no cost to help you determine where the information is in your current cases. And if you're interested, in your past cases.
Criminal Injustice is an independent podcast recorded and produced in partnership with 90.5 WESA. Find more atcriminalinjusticepodcast.com.
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Vitamin Sea. – Longevity LIVE
Posted: at 9:46 pm
From as early as the 4thcentury B.C. Hippocrates, the father of modern medicine recommended the sea as an important natural source of healing. The seas many naturally healthy properties were used in thalassotherapy and hydrotherapy to actively treat diseases of the body and mind as well as maintain good health and longevity.
Centuries later, as anyone who has the chance to spend a day or two, or even an hour by the sea, can tell you Hippocrates was right. Here are my reasons why I think a daily dose of the ocean is the key to a wonderful life. (I recently took a mini-break and got away to the beach in Mozambique it was perfect.)
Did you know that seawatercontains the same eighty four vital elements foundalsointhe human body? I have often thought that this remarkable fact might explain why we always feel so connected and so calm when we are by the sea. A few of these elements that we share with ocean, such as magnesium,lithiumand bromine are exceptional calming elements. Theystabilize and maintainproperserotonin, melatonin and tryptamine levels in the brain.
Magnesiumin thesea water whichcan efficiently help reduce stress, relax muscles and nerves, and induce a state of calmness. Lithium is, of course, used to treat many psychological problems.
When you add a good dose of sunshine into the mix, youll get a shot of serotonin almost immediately. Serotonin released into your body is a key hormone for relaxation and happiness. Combined with the sound, smell and visual beauty of the sea you will have no choice, but to relax.
I dont know about you, but I wont say no to all of that!
As the sea contains many vitamins, mineral salts, trace elements and amino acids that help activate the bodys healing mechanism, you will get a natural boost to your immune system.
Sea air and mist are full of negatively charged hydrogen ions, which are powerful antioxidants . And then theres iodine. Our bodies really do need iodine to function optimally. The iodine in sea watersupports the immune system and boosts your thyroid activity.
For many centuries the sea has been used to improve blood circulation.
And as a natural antiseptic, it also enables our bodys to fight infections and killparasites, bacteria and fungus.
And even if youre sick, sea water can provide relief from the symptoms of cold and flu. Im not suggesting you leave your sick bed to go swimming in a cold sea, but if you feel a cold coming on, rinsing your sinuses out with salt water will help. Today there are natural decongestant products on the shelves that use salt from sea water, to help loosen mucus and treat pulmonary problems.
Im sure you will agree with me, that somehow it seems easier to sleep at the sea. Perhaps it has to do with the gentle rhythms of the waves, or the fact our bodies are made up of mostly of water. The sea helps relieve high stress and anxiety levels, lack of physical fatigue, and hormonal imbalances, all of which inhibit sleep.
Dont underestimate the influence of the sun on lowering stress levels and helping to regulate hormones. All of which make it far easier to get a peaceful and deep sleep.
Which is really important. Vitamin D is one of the most essential vitamins in our diets; however very little of it is actually absorbed through the consumption of foods. And as we age, its increasingly more difficult to absorb enough on a daily basis.
Spending time in the sun, as little as just ten minutes a day helps you to absorb your daily dose of vitamin D directly through your skin.
According to the Harvard Medical School, the most natural and substantial source of the vitamin depends on how much UVB light gets through to you. That light reacts with a cholesterol-related compound and metabolizes into vitamin D, which is essential for bone health, creates healthy skin and may even help improve mental health.
I know the suns role in both health-promoting vitamin D and the risk of sun damage that can lead to skin cancer may seem conflicting. However, since sunscreens block the vital UVB rays needed for vitamin D production within the body, most dermatologists will advocate responsible sun exposure.
That means we should have about 10 to 15 minutes of unprotected sun exposure, after which protection in the form of a sunblock with 30 SPF or higher (along with additional preemptive measures) is essential for the skins long term health.
Simply being on a beach involves some form of activity. Youll be naturally compelled to get moving. Youll have to go for a swim at some point, even to just cool off. And a leisurely swim can burn as much as 200 calories. Surfing? Just over 100. Playing an active beach game is about the same. Or you can just walk the beach.
And to that point, walking on a beach is actually more difficult and utilizes more muscles than moving on a pavement. In fact some studies have shown that walking on the beach, barefoot is already a better workout than walking on concrete, walking on sand requires 1.6-2.5 times more mechanical work than does walking on a hard surface at the same speed.
Speaking of which. Have you ever wondered why it feels so good to walk on sand? Thats because there are somewhere between 3,000 and 7,000 nerve endings in each foot that are stimulated when you walk on beach sand. Your feet love it! Wet sand also acts as a natural exfoliant and peels off dead skin cells from your feet leaving them renewed and much softer.
Spas all over the world use sea salt in theirbeauty and massage treatments. The salt containedin thesea waterhelps remove toxins from the skin and acts as a natural exfoliator. It removes dead cells and encouragesthe production of the new ones.
The magnesium found in sea water improvesitshydration, as well as an overall improved appearance.
One of the most important sea water health benefits lies in its ability to heal damaged and irritated skin. Sea water is known to reduce inflammation and help cure many skin disorders such asatopic dermatitis, rosacea, psoriasis and eczema.
Its antiseptic properties are useful in healing minor wounds, cuts, rashes and abrasions salt and potassium chloride seem to be mostly responsible for these beneficial, mending effects
As we grow older, our skin, as well as a whole lot of other body parts, unfortunately loses its tightness and suppleness. The ocean is full of anti-aging minerals that can help improve the elasticity in your skin. So treating your body to a little bit of saltwater every now and then may not produce miracles, but it will certainly help keep your skin a little bit tighter and healthier.
Being active in water, along with the mineral values in the water has been known to help people suffering from joint pain. Especially those suffering from arthritis, or have recently had surgery. This is because the water offers a great deal of resistance without any impact at all and actually reduces the weight of a person submerged in water by around ninety percent.
The minerals in the ocean are also known to help reduce symptoms for those with rheumatoid arthritis. According to a study, patients who used bath salts made from Dead Sea minerals also experienced fewer symptoms, like morning stiffness and trouble with hand gripping.
Reconnecting with your spirit is about finding an inner peace within yourself. By getting in touch with your feelings, your spirit and consciousness you will be happier. When youre by the sea, its a wonderful time for self-reflection.
This can be helped along by practicing a bit of meditation or yoga on the beach.
There are few other places in nature once can truly feel at one with the earth and ourselves. A short walk (on the beach, or anywhere else) is known to decrease stress and help you reset.
And when it comes to feeling truly at peace, it means were happier and healthier.
Happiness is that often elusive feeling we all seek. I mean who doesnt want to be happier? The sea is certainly my happy place.
Its no surprise that people are more likely to be happier in the warmer months and less so in the grey and colder months. Its been scientifically proven that sunshine can make us happier. A study conducted by the Baker Heart Research Institute in Melbourne, Australia found that the amount of sunlight participants received directly affected their mood. The team also noticed that with increased sunlight exposure, their levels of serotonin increased, having a positive effect on factors such as stress, sleep and appetite.
Neurologist Dr Tara Swart says we have to find ways to disconnect to ensure better brain health. We need to let go of the tablets and smartphones and allow ourselves to be a technology-free if were going to be able to think better, more creatively and operate more effectively at work and home.
Shes not alone. According to a study from the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, staying constantly plugged in has been associated with stress, loss of sleep and depression. A study conducted by the University of Exeter took it a step further and found that simply living near the beach can also be beneficial to your health and well-being.
The ocean is a great place to disconnect. There are no phone or laptop chargers in sight and the sand and water will damage your devices so you actually have no choice but to leave them behind.
Need more convincing? Simply follow the doctors orders and Go to the sea to heal. Hippocrates
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As the digital health space matures, funding explodes | VatorNews – VatorNews
Posted: at 9:46 pm
Digital health has been one of the most exciting spaces in tech over the last few years, with advancements in wearables, telahealth, big data and electronic health records. These are changes that will have a huge effect, not only on the lives of millions of people, but on the entire U.S. economy.
There has been an explosion in digital health funding, starting back in 2014, and this year is on track to be the biggest yet, according to areport from StartUp Health Insights.
In the first half of 2017, there was $6.5 billion invested across 306 deals.The second quarter alone saw $3.8 billion in funding.
That amount of funding already makes it the third largest year ever for the digital health space, behind only the $7.2 billion invested in 2014 and the $8.3 billion invested last year. That amount of funding comes with another six months left to go, so it seems more than likely that 2017 will become a record breaking year.
If funding continues on this pace, this puts it on path for $13 billion in 612 companies. That would be a 57 percent increase in the amount of money invested over 2016.
Interestingly, with nearly the exact same number of deals year-over-year. That can be explained by the an onslaught of so-called "mega deals," or those over $100 million. There have been 10 of them already this year, which is already tied for the most in any prior year. Basically, the number of companies is staying the same, but the rounds are getting bigger.
The mega deals so far in 2017 have included: $914 million raised by Grail; $600 million raised by Health Outcomes; $500 million raised by Zenefits and Good Doctor; $130 million raised by Flatiron Health; and $220 million raised by Human Longevity.
The deals have been so big, in fact, that StartUp Health Insights says in its report that four of the deals raised in the first six months of this year rank in the top 11 made since 2010.
All of this suggests that the market has begun to mature, with companies starting to raise later rounds, That can be seen in the fact that there were a greater number of Series A deals, 68, than seed deals, 46, in the first half of the year.
When it comes to the most active sectors, big data/analytics easily leads the pack with $1.2 billion raised, though it has lower average deal size than education/training, as only 30 big data companies were funding. The $622 million for education/training was invested in a scant four companies, giving the sub- section an average deal size of $156 million.
There was also $571 million invested in personalized self/quatified-health companies, and $579 million invested in patient/consumer experiences.
The report also listed some of the most active venture capital firms in the digital health space, including GV and Khosla Ventures, with seven each, GE Ventures and Accel Partners with six each, and Flare Capital Partners, Temasek Holdings, Sequoia and Norwest Venture Partners, which each invested in five digital health companies so far this year.
(Image source:digitalcatapultcentre.org)
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Researchers to develop new gene-editing method for the study of arthropods – Phys.Org
Posted: at 9:45 pm
July 11, 2017 Developing eggs in a dissected mosquito ovary into which gene-editing protein cargo (fluorescent green) has been transduced. Credit: Rasgon lab, Penn State
A grant from the National Science Foundation will enable a Penn State-led team of entomologists to develop and disseminate a technology they say could bring gene-editing capabilities within reach of everyday scientists, regardless of the arthropod species they study.
The $2.5 million award is part of NSF's Enabling Discovery through GEnomic Tools (EDGE) program, which funds projects that work to develop new genomic tools and provide the research community with information about how to use them.
The grant will support the development of a technology called Receptor-Mediated Ovary Transduction of Cargodubbed ReMOT Controlwhich was conceived in the laboratory of lead researcher Jason Rasgon, professor of entomology and disease epidemiology in Penn State's College of Agricultural Sciences.
"Genetic manipulation is a powerful technique for addressing research questions in arthropods," Rasgon said. "Current approaches rely on delivering gene-editing material to arthropod eggs by embryonic microinjection. But this process is very challenging, is limited to a small number of arthropod species, and is inefficient even in optimized species."
As a result, he said, researchers recognized a critical need to develop methods for arthropod genetic manipulation that are simple, accessible for many researchers and generally compatible for a large variety of arthropod species.
This led to the development of ReMOT Control, which can deliver gene-editing cargo to a targeted portion of the arthropod genome by easy injection into female arthropods during egg development. ReMOT Control builds on the burgeoning use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology, a revolutionary new method for delivering a gene-splicing enzyme to a region of DNA to delete or add genes controlling certain traits. CRISPR/Cas9 holds promise in solving many challenges in medicine, agriculture, and food production and processing.
With support from the NSF grant, the researchers will adapt ReMOT Control for use with specific species of arthropods, while also developing the technology for universal application among diverse species. The team will disseminate the technology by making reagents publicly available to other researchers and will educate the scientific community and the public about the benefits of these tools through workshops, social media, symposia and other outreach venues.
Rasgon contends that ReMOT Control technology and methodology will have broad application for scientists involved in research on animal behavior, animal physiology, insect-plant interactions, sustainable agriculture and public health.
"ReMOT Control will break down barriers to genetic modification, allowing researchers in diverse animal systems to move beyond correlation to accurately and precisely study gene function," Rasgon said. "Our overarching conceptual goal for this project is nothing less than the complete democratization of gene-editing capability for all researchers working in any arthropod system."
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