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Category Archives: Transhuman News

Skin doctor’s top tips to help eczema sufferer’s survive summer and five must-have remedies for under a tenner – The Sun

Posted: July 20, 2017 at 2:45 am


The Sun
Skin doctor's top tips to help eczema sufferer's survive summer and five must-have remedies for under a tenner
The Sun
The sun alone can cause it to dry our but excess sweat can also leave your skin craving moisture. Dr Bewley said the summer heat has been found to cause eczema flare ups with many sufferers. The drier your skin becomes the more your eczema is likely to ...

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How will we keep controversial gene drive technology in check? – Science Magazine

Posted: at 2:44 am

Gene drive technology might limit the ability of Anopheles gambiae mosquito to transmit malaria to humans.

CDC/James Gathany

By Kelly ServickJul. 19, 2017 , 4:00 PM

We dont yet know whether the gene-spreading approach known as gene drive, intended to wipe out invasive pests or reduce the spread of insect-borne disease, will work in the wild. But groups of genetic experts are already talking about how to make it stop working if needed.

And at a symposium today in Washington, D.C., organized by the International Life Sciences Instituteand the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, researchers and policy experts discussed how to measure and limit a gene drive strategys environmental risks. And the U.S. militarys research arm announced it will fund efforts by several high-profile genetics labs to develop ways to reverse or limit the spread of an introduced gene if it should have unintended consequences on animals or an ecosystem.

Were in the business of preventing technological surprise, but also being prepared for the surprises that come from the use of these technologies, said Renee Wegrzyn, a program manager at the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in Arlington, Virginia, which today announced seven research teams that will share a $65 million pot of funding under the agencys Safe Genes program over the next 4 years.

Gene drive works by tinkering with the rules of inheritance, increasing the likelihood a gene will be passed to the next generation. The phenomenon occurs in nature by a variety of mechanisms, but all increase a genes ability to permeate a population quickly and thoroughly, even if it doesnt carry any survival advantage. Inspired by natural gene drives, researchers have spent decades trying to perfect a system that might endow a population of mosquitoes with a malaria resistance gene, for example, or spread a lethal gene that cuts down a local population of invasive insects or rodents.

Progress surged with the discovery of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing. By inserting the gene for a new trait alongside genes for a DNA-cutting enzyme and an RNA guide, scientists can prompt a cell to slice out copies of the original, wild-type gene from its chromosomes and use the inserted gene as a template for repair. Its sperm and egg cells will thus bear two copies of the new gene, which radically increases the odds that its offspring will inherit it.

But the notion of wiping out an entire species or unleashing a gene that could spread like wildfire through a population has also bred controversy. Evidence that CRISPR gene drives could be extremely efficient in lab-reared insects led prominent researchers to urge caution.

Todays meeting included some practical discussion of how gene drive might be contained. Molecular biologist Bruce Hay of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena presented his labs research into high-threshold gene drives, designed to spread effectively only if individuals with the new gene make up a large fraction of the total population. Wayward migrants thus wouldnt manage to spread the gene widely outside the intended area. And if an introduced gene had unexpected consequences, researchers might reverse a gene drive by introducing more wild, unmodified individuals to outnumber the new ones. I think we really can do safe, local, and reversible gene drive, Hay told the audience. This is not just a fantasy.

But CRISPR brings a whole new set of unknowns. It might have unpredictable, off-target effects on the genome, and scientists dont know how to shut it down. Among the seven teams selected for the Safe Genes program are some CRISPR pioneers. Harvard University geneticist George Church will lead efforts to develop more precise gene-editing systems that distinguish between similar sequences. Molecular biologist Jennifer Doudna of the University of California (UC), Berkeley, will, according to DARPAs news release, look for anti-CRISPR proteins that could prevent unwanted editing.

Several more projects explicitly focus on gene drive applications: A group at UC Riverside led by molecular biologist Omar Akbari will try to document the genetic diversity of the Aedes aegypti mosquito and test ways to limit or reverse gene drives in contained test environments. Biologist John Godwins team at North Carolina State University in Raleighwill test ways to cut down rodent populations by targeting gene variants present only in invasive communities.

Experts still predict that testing of gene drive in the field is still years away. This is such early days in the field, Wegrzyn told the audience today. Why dont we build those [control] tools in now, rather than trying to retrofit them into these systems?

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Restoring Cognitive Function for Alzheimer’s Disease – UB School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences News

Posted: at 2:44 am

Researchers in the Department of Physiology and Biophysics are studying genetic and epigenetic factors in Alzheimers disease to develop novel ways of restoring function to patients in the later stages of the neurodegenerative disorder.

While most research on Alzheimers has focused on early diagnosis and treatment, the new study is focusing on finding novel ways to restore cognitive function and will utilize studies in mouse models carrying gene mutations for familial Alzheimers (where more than one family member has the disease) and in human stem cell-derived neurons from Alzheimers patients.

The work involving preclinical research to unravel genetic and epigenetic factors that cause Alzheimers is funded by a five-year, $2 million grant from the National Institutes of Healths National Institute on Aging. Zhen Yan, PhD, professor of physiology and biophysics, is principal investigator.

Epigenetic factors can change gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence which in turn affects how cells read the genes. Such changes may profoundly impact human health.

We hypothesize that Alzheimers is produced by a combination of genetic risk factors and environmental factors, such as aging, that induce the dysregulation of specific epigenetic processes that lead to impaired cognition, Yan says.

The research will explore how epigenetic changes that accompany Alzheimers disease also might help identify a much sought-after biomarker for the disease, which could allow for novel treatment.

Numerous clinical trials in recent years have focused on reducing amyloid beta plaque in the brain. So far, such efforts havent yet translated into improving cognitive function, Yan says.

Our research, by contrast, will target synaptic function, which is at the root of cognitive function, she explains. Our hypothesis is that this approach will have a more fundamental effect.

Yan and her colleagues will investigate aberrant histone methylation, an epigenetic process that affects the expression of genes encoding key proteins that allow for signals to be transmitted between neurons.

When this process is dysregulated in Alzheimers disease, neuronal signaling doesnt function properly, leading to cognitive impairment.

Even though Alzheimers patients can often easily remember something that happened 20 years ago, the later stages of the disease are characterized by a growing inability to recall recently learned information.

That kind of short-term working memory, Yan explains, is dependent on excitatory transmission in the frontal cortex, mediated by glutamate receptors.

At the later stages of the disease, we know that there is a loss of glutamate receptors that are crucial for learning and memory, she says. When these receptors lose the ability to communicate, there is a loss of cognition.

Our research will try to restore gene expression in these glutamate receptors using epigenetic tools, with the ultimate goal of restoring cognitive function.

Jian Feng, PhD, professor of physiology and biophysics, is a co-investigator on the grant titled A Novel Epigenetic Mechanism for Alzheimers Disease.

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Lunatic Fringe gene plays key role in renewable brain | Baylor … – Baylor College of Medicine News (press release)

Posted: at 2:44 am

The discovery that the brain can generate new cells about 700 new neurons each day has triggered investigations to uncover how this process is regulated. Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Childrens Hospital have developed a novel mouse model that for the first time selectively identifies neural stem cells, the progenitors of new adult brain cells. In these mice, researchers have found a novel mechanism by which descendants of neural stem cells can send feedback signals to alter the division and the fate of the mother cell. These findings appear in eLife.

Our initial goal for this study was to find a gene that is selectively expressed in primary neural stem cells. Based on the information obtained from publicly available expression databases, we started with roughly 750 potential candidate genes. It took an enormous amount of hard work and meticulousness to systematically narrow it down to a single gene it was like looking for a needle in a haystack, said Dr. Mirjana Maleti-Savati, assistant professor of pediatrics and neurology at Baylor and Texas Childrens Hospital, who led this study. After extensive analysis, we were convinced that the gene lunatic fringe, a member of the well-studied Notch signaling pathway, was the selective marker of neural stem cells.

Previous studies in a number of animal models have shown that members of the Notch signaling pathway participate in the regulation of stem cell fate.The finding that lunatic fringe is a selective marker for neural stem cells and a member of the Notch family was a clue of its possible role as regulator of neural stem cell fate. This represented a potentially significant step forward in the field of neurogenesis because the precise mechanism and the fine-tuning of Notch signaling in the hippocampus of the adult brain, where new neurons are born, had remained elusive until now.

Lunatic fringe helps keep the brain renewable

Maleti-Savati and her colleagues show that lunatic fringe mediates a mechanism that helps preserve neural stem cells, so that they can form new neurons throughout life while also ensuring optimal number of neurons.

Interestingly, neural stem cells and their progeny physically cluster closely around one another, which makes it an ideal environment for direct cell-cell communication between neural stem cells and adjacent cells. The scientists found that lunatic fringe allows neural stem cells to distinguish between and respond differently to surrounding cells expressing other markers, namely those expressing the Delta marker and those expressing the Jagged1 marker.

When surrounded by Delta-neurons, most neural stem cells remain in a stand-by mode, protected from random activation and unnecessary division. On the other hand, when neural stem cells interact with Jagged1-neurons, they begin to divide. Combined, these processes allow division of every neural stem cell to be finely regulated to prevent excessive division and premature exhaustion of its potential.

This study and the mouse model we have generated is a huge step forward in the field of neural stem cell biology because now we not only have a benchmark to specifically label primary neural stem cells, but have identified a key quality control step that determines their fate, said Fatih Semerci, postdoctoral student in Maleti-Savati lab and the lead author of this study. Lunatic fringe allows neural stem cells to decide whether to stay dormant or not, and, once they start to divide, whether to continue or to stop.

This study has far-reaching implications on the field of neurogenesis because age-related mental decline and psychiatric disorders such as anxiety and depression have been associated with a reduced ability to generate new neurons in the hippocampus, the center of learning and memory. The formation of new neurons is affected by many factors, both internal and external. For example, physical activity and enriched environment enhance it, while loneliness and depression dampen it. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis has garnered significant interest because targeting it could result in new therapies for many disorders.

Others who contributed to this study include William Tin-Shing Choi, Aleksander Bajic, Aarohi Thakkar, Juan Manuel Encinas, Andrew Groves of Baylor College of Medicine; Frederic Depreux of the Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science in Chicago and Neil Segil of University of Southern California.

Funding for this study comes from the Nancy Chang Award and the CPRIT grant (RP130573CPRIT), and in part by the Microscopy, RNA In Situ Hybridization and Neuropathology Core facility at Baylor College of Medicine, supported by the NIH Shared Instrumentation grant (1S10OD016167) and the NIHIDDRC grant U54HD083092. Further support was provided by the Cytometry and Cell Sorting Core (NCRR grant S10RR024574, NIAID AI036211 and NCI P30CA125123).

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Intermountain, Stanford University see promise for precision medicine in cancer cases – Healthcare IT News

Posted: at 2:44 am

Recent research from Intermountain Healthcare's clinicians shows the successful application of genomic-based approaches to studying individual cancer cases.

Oncologists Lincoln Nadauld, MD, and Derrick Haslem, MD, work at the Southwest Cancer Center in St. George, Utah. In addition to treating patients, they conduct research aimed at improving cancer care and precision medicine.

Their recent research has been published in two national peer-reviewed journals in collaboration with Intermountain Healthcare doctors and researchers from Stanford School of Medicine.

[Also:Precision medicine: Hype today but the promise is even bigger than we think]

One study outlines what the doctors call an "impressive" clinical course and positive outcome of a patient with metastatic colon cancer treated with a precision oncology approach. It was published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology-Precision Oncology, a research publication outlet from the American Society of Clinical Oncologists.

The second publication, co-authored by Nadauld and published in Genome Medicine, shows that linked read sequencing is useful in characterizing oncogenic rearrangements in cancer metastasis.

Both studies were done in collaboration with Hanlee P. Ji, MD, senior associate director of the Stanford Genome Technology Center and Associate Professor at Stanford's School of Medicine.

Linked read sequencing, the researchers note, is a process that allows scientists and doctors to look at the molecular structure of tumor DNA in longer reads of 50,000 base pairs, as opposed to the typical 200-300, and thus "revealing the genomic complexity of patient tumors."

In reference to the Genome Medicine study, Nadauld points out: "In this patient, we were able to identify an amplification of a gene called FGFR2, which is critical because there are drugs that target that mutation.

"This case indicates there are broader applications for linked read technology, including diagnostic purposes and defining additional treatment options for patients along with new genes to target," he added. "With further study, pharmaceutical and biotech technologies can start to develop new drugs that target different molecular phenomena."

Twitter: @Bernie_HITN Email the writer: bernie.monegain@himssmedia.com

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INSIDE THE GAME: No chanting, no more retired numbers, please – MyWebTimes.com

Posted: at 2:43 am

Its all a matter of taste.

I have many friends and acquaintances, and among them, for every person who thinks of me as this nice, amiable person who tries to be a ray of sunshine wherever he goes, theres another who knows that at times I can make Clint Eastwoods Get off my lawn character in Gran Torino seem like Mary Poppins on Valium.

I dont like to offend people, but what I have to say might, on occasion. Here go a couple of thoughts I hope will be food for discussion, not food for dissent.

As I related inour Tweet of the Day on the front of The Times Sports section this week, in all my time playing, watching and covering baseball in my 50-some years on this planet, I dont remember anyone in a dugout chanting hes a SLUG-ger, hes a SLUG-ger when it was Anthony Rizzos turn to bat, or hit a HOME run, hit a HOME run whenever Aaron Judge or Giancarlo Stanton got in the box, and they CERTAINLY never did anything like num-BER SEV-en, num-BER SEV-en when Mickey Mantle stepped to the plate. Wow, that last one sent a cold shiver down my spine.

Saw Bull Durham the other day and Im more in line with Robert Wuhls character, Larry Hockett, when he spit out rapid-fire through a mouthful of seeds, Cmon, baby, you got this, you got this, its you, baby, its you, cmon, baby to Bulls on the field or at the plate.

I know Little Leaguers are not supposed to yell Swing! at the batter anymore, but what happened to the old standard hes no batter, hes no batter, aaAAaaAA and other encouragement to a pitcher? Please just something not near as mind-numbingly annoying as the rhythmic nonsense being spewed the last few years. I might expect that from softball, but in baseball? No thanks.

It deserves a place in the baseball dumpster along with The Wave, the White Soxs uniform shorts and Chris Bermans calls of the Home Run Derby.

Try this: No MORE CHAN-ting, no MORE CHAN-ting.

Roberto Clementes number

Im going to tread lightly here because my opinion might offend some who are sensitive to matters of race. Believe me, it has nothing to do with race, gender or religious beliefs. It has to do only with my view of the game.

I do not believe Roberto Clemente should have his number 21 retired through all of MLB the way Jackie Robinsons 42 is.

I know what a tremendous player Clemente was, having seen him many times in action against my Cubs on WGN back in the day and in the national broadcasts of the World Series the Pirates played in. Hes an all-time great, in addition to being a generous, caring individual who died while delivering humanitarian aidto storm victims in Nicaragua.

No doubt, no question, he deserves to be the icon to the Hispanic community that he is.

But I personally don't feel the challenges he overcame on his way to the majors are at the same level of those traversed by Robinson when he broke the MLB color barrier in 1947.

Looking at it another way, if Clemente deserves that honor, why not Hank Greenberg or Sandy Koufax for being the greatest Jewish players of all time? Why not Honus Wagner as the hero of Americas extensive, generations-deep German population? Why not Joe DiMaggio for all those fans of Italian descent?

This is opening a can of worms with so many arguments, some of them so politically incorrect that I wont go there.

I didnt agree with Robinsons 42 being retired across the leagues when it happened. Like Clemente, Robinson is an incredibly talented figure in the game and a man of immense character, patience and tolerance. His impact on the game is undeniable. I just dont see Clementes impact being as significant in the history of baseball.

OK, all that now said, I add the immortal words of comedian Dennis Miller: Of course, thats just my opinion. I could be wrong.

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Chris Hemsworth Says ‘It’s Time’ For A Woman To Play James Bond – The Daily Caller

Posted: at 2:43 am

Chris Hemsworth is best known for his role as the Norse god Thor in the Avengers movies. But outside of cinema, Hemsworth has had a hard time fitting in with the progressive left, who have slammed him for violating every progressive tenet, ranging from cultural appropriation to transphobia.

Unable to stop making politically incorrect gaffes, Hemsworth has now taken it upon himself to call for a woman to play the role of the next James Bond.

In an interview with W Magazine about the new film Atomic Blonde, the actor revealed that he would like to see Charlize Theron take on the role.

She embodies every ounce of strength and nobility and dignity and integrity that that character should have, he said, perhaps forgetting that as a character, James Bond embodies every bit of the toxic masculinity feminists complain about. Hes a womanizer, and a drunk, who has on multiple occasions expressed misogynistic views toward women or treated them as little more than sexual conquests who usually end up dead.

Several actors had been suggested to fill in the void left by Daniel Craig, who has said hed rather break this glass and slash [his] wrists than perform as James Bond for a fifth time, despite being contracted to do so. Tom Hardy, Tom Hiddleston and Idris Elba have been listed as potential candidates to play the character, though Craig is now expected to be back for the next film. The X-Files and The Fall star Gillian Anderson expressed interest in the role of Jane Bond, if it was available.

Shes smart as hell. Shes physically able. You know watching her in those fight scenes, doing it in high heels by the way and 8-foot long gown [in Snow White and the Huntsman], was even more impressive, said Hemsworth of Theron. And I just think why not? Its time.

Theron told E! News said she was flattered by his remarks. Wow, thats just so insanely generous and nice. I dont even know what to do with that, Theron said. Thats really sweet.

There is little doubt that Theron has the acting chops to effortlessly deliver any character she portrays, but perhaps Hemsworth should take a step back and realize she might be better off playing a new character instead of slipping into the role of a character thats been rode hard and put away wet.

Ian Miles Cheong is a journalist and outspoken media critic. You can reach him through social media at @stillgray on Twitter.

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College Students Can’t Learn If They Won’t Listen – The Daily Caller

Posted: at 2:43 am

The First Amendment is in a state of emergency on the college campus. Destructive protests in opposition to free speech have broken out nationwide in the last few years, threatening a right and principle that students once championed.

In fact, the First Amendment emergency is so severe that the Senate Judiciary Committee held a hearing June 10 to receive input from experts on the issue.

A Pew poll released July 10 shows the majority of Republicans think colleges have a negative impact on America. I value my college experience, but I understand how people can feel left out and betrayed by academia.

I have witnessed it firsthand. I helped host Ben Shapiro, a conservative commentator, at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill through the College Republicans in the spring of 2016. While sitting on the front row of his public lecture, I videotaped a protest against free speech that is all too typical on college campuses today.

About a third of the 400-person auditorium was composed of left wing students dressed in black. These students staged a walk-out about a minute into Shapiros opening remarks, refusing to heed his calls to learn a new yet controversial perspective.

Shapiro made the argument that parenting, not race, is the dominant factor in setting up young people for success in life. He claimed the political left uses race as a wedge issue, while the right attempts to judge people by the content of their character. I tend to agree.

The protesters went outside the lecture hall to hold a rally against perceived racism and bigotry while dozens of tolerant conservative and liberal students poured into their empty seats to hear Shapiro.

I sent the video into Campus Reform, a website dedicated to covering left wing intolerance in higher education. Later that year, I interned as a correspondent for the outlet and covered similar stories.

Through the Shapiro walkout and Campus Reform internship, the scope of the college free speech crisis became clear to me. Many of the countrys brightest young minds cannot bear to hear opinions different from their own, and they will go to extreme lengths to shut out diverse thought.

This should alarm citizens concerned about the state of free speech in society, as positive societal advancements are driven by constructive dialogue and criticism. Opposition to free speech in the nations top academic enclaves threatens to stall the progress of American prosperity.

Speech codes, safe spaces, protests against minority opinionsoften those held by conservativesand attempts at keeping politically incorrect speakers off campus have made colleges some of the most intolerant places in America.

In the fall of 2015, students at Yale University hysterically confronted Nicholas and Erika Christakis, two married professors serving as residential directors. The students were upset after Mrs. Christakis called into question the illiberal condemnation of culturally appropriate Halloween costumes.

The professor eventually resigned because her students could not live and learn with someone who refused to cloak them in an intellectual and emotional bubbleleftist intolerance has claimed victims.

A protest at the University of California, Berkeley approached the definition of a riot this spring. There, a black-clad mob effectively shut down a speech scheduled by Milo Yiannopoulos, an outlandish free speech provocateur of the alt-right.

The protest against Yiannopoulos drew national media attention, and subsequent speaking attempts made by other right wing figures were met with threats of violence and dissuading letters from university administrators.

In the 1960s, Berkeley students protested when administrators prevented communist speakers from addressing the campus. Now they shut out speakers whom they deem deplorable. The original home of the college free speech movement of the 1960s became the epicenter of the anti-free speech movement of today.

College students should test their beliefs through exposure to new ideas and debate. Learning from diverse perspectives can strengthen their intellectual growth. You can find another opinion repulsive, but still accept its right to be spoken.

By welcoming all forms of free speech on the college campus, students and administrators may grow in empathy and knowledge. This will add value to the college degree and help prepare Americas future leaders for a diverse world.

I wish that the protesters at the Shapiro lecture had stayed to hear what an intelligent stranger had to say and engaged in debate. Leaders from student government, ethnic groups, and social justice coalitions were among the crowd that refused.

We need voices for tolerance and free speech at all levels of the education and public policy communities. Opinion leaders should stand up and speak out for the rights of everyone to be heard.

Will Rierson is a senior at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where he is chairman of the College Republicans. He has participated in the Koch Internship and Fellow programs.

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Editorial: The social demise of civility – Calgary Herald

Posted: at 2:43 am

Trolls are taking over the Internet. John Lucas / Edmonton Journal

Its an exercise in restraint these days when it comes to comments on articles, tweets or other social media posts regarding news stories.

The restraint needed is on the part of the reader, to not want to gouge ones eyes out after digesting the intense vitriol some posters have for their fellow citizens.

It almost doesnt matter what or whom the story is about; everyone has an opinion that, too often, many mistakefor fact.

Whether its about the NDP, the Liberal prime minister, the Republican president, terrorists, city hall or even anthem singers at ball games, trolls are waging war on respectful dialogue, one keyboard stroke at a time.

Some recent examples include telling a local singer that her rendition of the Canadian anthem is a national embarrassment and she owes the country an apology; that Justin Trudeau is a super sad excuse for (expletive) prime minister and a joke across the planet; that a former prime minister is a racist among other unprintables, and another politician is an ignoramus and a clown.

Ever since the advent of social media, there have been those who relish stirring the pot with a few chosen online slurs.But those drips of literary poison have turned into a torrent of verbal abuse.

Trump certainly didnt cause this to occur but it could be argued that his presidency has lent a certain credibility to this behaviour. Because the leader of the United States feels empowered to speak his mind so freely, regardless of consequence, others are following suit. Those who have been chastened in the past for politically incorrect, socially unacceptable opinions, now broadcast them proudly, almost daring the other side to respond.

This is not to say that people should not hold diverse opinions. Public debate is essential in a free and democratic society. Its how we keep our political parties in check. Its how we keep society as a whole in line.

But theres a not-so-fine line between polite disagreement over the facts and hate-filled personal attacks on the person.

If opposing sides were to debate their points in person, one would hope theyd never unleash the diatribe they do anonymously online.

Faceless rants do not solve issues or sway anyones opinion. They just harden the heart and add to the breakdown of society.

We need a return to civility. If you wouldnt say it out loud in a crowd, dont type it. Think deeply, do the research and then intellectually express your views while respecting those who hold other views. Its not about winning; its about sharing.

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Congress scion has opposition within, as he skips debate on farmers’ plight – Economic Times

Posted: at 2:43 am

NEW DELHI: There were murmurs in Congress circles in Parliament over party vice-president Rahul Gandhis absence in the Lok Sabha during Wednesdays hardearned debate on farmers distress. Though his absence was justified by citing a scheduled rally in Rajasthan on Wednesday afternoon over the same issue, the fact that he chose to miss the debate that the Congress-led united Opposition had wangled after staging a series of protests and forcing three adjournments of the House in Gandhis presence left many wondering whether Gandhi has his priorities right.

It looks like a case of Rahulji preferring a district stage over a national platform to address a burning national issue, said a party MP. Many wondered why he let his Rajasthan trip clash with the debate since it was a forgone conclusion that the Opposition would seek a debate on farmers issue. They said he could have held the rally before the session or during the weekend. With the leader missing, Congress fielded Jyotiraditya Scindia to open the debate, with a strong denouncement of Centres handling of farmers issues.

There is no clarity on whether the debate will conclude on Monday or spill over to next working days so that Gandhi can catch up. As per government-Opposition pact, Parliament will adjourn on Thursday after Question Hour as counting of votes in presidential poll will be held then. Gandhi is expected to skip Parliament on Friday too, to address a Dalit conference in Bangalore.

Congress leaders want Gandhi to make best use of the session for two reasons: As opposition parties unite over several issues, they want Gandhi to emerge as the leading voice. Secondly, given this could be the last session before his planned takeover as party chief, they hope he will make an effort to repair his sloppy parliamentary track-record to set the right atmospherics.

However, his absence during Wednesdays debate made them mindful of his penchant for vanishing acts at politically incorrect times. He had gone abroad last year for two months at the height of the Congress agitation against the land acquisition bill and on a 20+ day trip to Europe during Oppositions unity show over farmer suicides, cow vigilantism and during pre-presidential poll deliberations.

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