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Race, genetics, and their impact on health – Mumbai Mirror
Posted: November 6, 2020 at 8:58 am
Amongst the various forms of discriminations the world has seen, Apartheid, a system of institutionalised racial segregation practised in South Africa, was one of the worst. I went to medical school with several South African students and the stories of discrimination they told me about were horrifying. Thankfully Apartheid, which was based on white supremacy and lasted more than 40 years, ended in the early 1990s.
I am often asked by my Caucasian friends if I felt discriminated against in the UK because of my brownness. I reply that it may have been true in early 1970s. I remember waiting in line to be served a pint of beer, only to be ignored by the proprietor of the pub. When I had the good fortune of going with a white girl, there was never a problem getting served.
Of course things have changed in the UK, which is today a proudly multicultural country. Overt discrimination of the kind that existed earlier is no longer tolerated. Asian communities especially are a thriving group, eagerly courted by political parties. Today when I go to a pub in London, I find the barmaid waiving me in.
This brings us to the topic of todays column: the role of race in health outcomes. Differences in health status, life expectancy and other indicators in different racial and ethnic groups are well documented. But before we get to that, let me get a somewhat controversial subject out of the way: the dominance of black athletes.
Black athletes enjoy a huge over-representation at the highest level of many sports - from the 100 metres sprint through to the marathon, every single record is currently held by athletes of African origin.
Sir Roger Bannister, who ran the first sub-4-minute mile, said in a speech to the British Association of Advancement of Science in 1995 that heel-bone length, subcutaneous fat and differences in the length of the Achilles tendon may explain the advantage that Africans may have in running sports. A study published in the Journal of Applied Physiology reported that Africans display an enhanced resistance to fatigue while running on a treadmill. There are tens of such studies - many of them controversial - which are beyond the scope of one column.
Coming back to race and health outcomes: Diabetes, for example, is 60 per cent more common among African Americans than white Americans. Black Americans are 2.5 times more likely to suffer limb amputations and 5.5 times likely to suffer from kidney disease because of diabetes.
Blacks in America are more likely to die of asthma than whites and, despite lower tobacco exposure, Blacks are 50 per cent more likely to get lung cancer.
Black Americans suffer twice the risk of stroke than Whites; strokes kill four times more 35- to 54-year-old Blacks than white. Black men have a 40 per cent high cancer death rate, and women 20 per cent higher death rate, than their white counterparts.
The stats for the other major minority group in America - the hispanics - are similarly depressing.
Around 15 years ago, the US FDA controversially approved a drug called BiDil for a single racial-ethnic group - African Americans - for treatment of congestive heart failure. The scientific research leading to BiDils approval tested the drug only in African American populations.
Craig Venter, the famous American biotechnologist who produced the map of the human genome, said it was disturbing to see things categorised in terms of race.
Is race really a surrogate marker for describing human genetic variation? In India genetics and race are certainly considered interchangeable. People still prefer getting married to someone of their own community. One of the major consequence of endogamy - the practice of marrying within the same community - is genetic diseases arising out of a limited gene pool. We would certainly be better off if we looked to widen our gene pool.
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Race, genetics, and their impact on health - Mumbai Mirror
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Amgen To Present At The 29th Annual Credit Suisse Healthcare Conference – WFMZ Allentown
Posted: at 8:58 am
THOUSAND OAKS, Calif., Nov. 4, 2020 /PRNewswire/ --Amgen (NASDAQ:AMGN) will present at the 29th Annual Credit Suisse Virtual Healthcare Conference at 4:15 p.m. ET on Monday, Nov. 9, 2020, in Scottsdale, Ariz. Murdo Gordon, executive vice president of Global Commercial Operations at Amgen and Peter H. Griffith, executive vice president and chief financial officer, will present at the conference. Live audio of the presentation can be accessed from the Events Calendar on Amgen's website, http://www.amgen.com, under Investors. A replay of the webcast will also be available on Amgen's website for at least 90 days following the event.
About AmgenAmgen is committed to unlocking the potential of biology for patients suffering from serious illnesses by discovering, developing, manufacturing and delivering innovative human therapeutics. This approach begins by using tools like advanced human genetics to unravel the complexities of disease and understand the fundamentals of human biology.
Amgen focuses on areas of high unmet medical need and leverages its expertise to strive for solutions that improve health outcomes and dramatically improve people's lives. A biotechnology pioneer since 1980, Amgen has grown to beone ofthe world'sleadingindependent biotechnology companies, has reached millions of patients around the world and is developing a pipeline of medicines with breakaway potential.
For more information, visitwww.amgen.comand follow us onwww.twitter.com/amgen.
CONTACT: Amgen, Thousand OaksMegan Fox, 805-447-1423 (media)Trish Rowland, 805-447-5631(media)Arvind Sood, 805-447-1060 (investors)
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Amgen To Present At The 29th Annual Credit Suisse Healthcare Conference - WFMZ Allentown
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Prevail Therapeutics Announces Decisive Victory in Arbitration Brought by Alector against Prevail’s CEO – GlobeNewswire
Posted: at 8:58 am
NEW YORK, Nov. 02, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Prevail Therapeutics Inc. (Nasdaq: PRVL), a biotechnology company developing potentially disease-modifying AAV-based gene therapies for patients with neurodegenerative diseases, today announced a decisive victory in the arbitration proceeding brought in 2019 by Alector Inc. against Prevails founder and Chief Executive Officer, Asa Abeliovich, M.D., Ph.D.
The arbitrator rejected all of Alectors principal claims against Dr. Abeliovich, including all claims alleging misappropriation or misuse of trade secrets. Significantly, the arbitrator rejected Alectors claims that Dr. Abeliovich used Alector trade secrets or confidential information in connection with his work on behalf of Prevail, as well as Alectors claim that it has rights to Prevails patents and patent applications. Prevail was not a party to this arbitration.
We appreciate the arbitrators thorough and independent review of this matter. This decision vindicates Dr. Abeliovich and rules in his favor on all significant issues, said Francois Nader, M.D., Non-Executive Chairman of Prevail. With this positive outcome, Prevail is looking forward to advancing our pipeline for the benefit of patients.
I am pleased with the decision, which confirms Prevails ownership of its intellectual property, said Dr. Abeliovich. Our team continues to advance our pipeline and remains committed to our critical mission of developing novel, urgently needed therapies for patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinsons disease and frontotemporal dementia.
The only relief granted to Alector by the arbitrator was permission to seek reimbursement for a portion of Alectors out-of-pocket costs and fees in connection with certain document retention-related claims. Alector will need to provide sufficient proof of such amounts.
About Prevail TherapeuticsPrevail is a clinical stage gene therapy company leveraging breakthroughs in human genetics with the goal of developing and commercializing disease-modifying AAV-based gene therapies for patients with neurodegenerative diseases. The company is developing PR001 for patients with Parkinsons disease with GBA1 mutations (PD-GBA) and neuronopathic Gaucher disease (nGD); PR006 for patients with frontotemporal dementia with GRN mutations (FTD-GRN); and PR004 for patients with certain synucleinopathies.
Prevail was founded by Dr. Asa Abeliovich in 2017, through a collaborative effort with The Silverstein Foundation for Parkinsons with GBA and OrbiMed, and is headquartered in New York, NY.
Forward-Looking Statements Related to Prevail
Statements contained in this press release regarding matters that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended. Examples of these forward-looking statements include statements concerning the amount of costs and legal fees that Prevail may be required to reimburse. Because such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. These risks and uncertainties include, among others: Prevails novel approach to gene therapy makes it difficult to predict the time, cost and potential success of product candidate development or regulatory approval; Prevails gene therapy programs may not meet safety and efficacy levels needed to support ongoing clinical development or regulatory approval; the regulatory landscape for gene therapy is rigorous, complex, uncertain and subject to change; the fact that gene therapies are novel, complex and difficult to manufacture; and risks relating to the impact on our business of the COVID-19 pandemic or similar public health crises. These and other risks are described more fully in Prevails filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including the Risk Factors section of the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2020, filed with the SEC on August 11, 2020, and its other documents subsequently filed with or furnished to the SEC. All forward-looking statements contained in this press release speak only as of the date on which they were made. Except to the extent required by law, Prevail undertakes no obligation to update such statements to reflect events that occur or circumstances that exist after the date on which they were made.
Media ContactGina NugentTen Bridge Communications gina@tenbridgecommunications.com 617-460-3579
Investor Contactinvestors@prevailtherapeutics.com
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Interactive: How Pomeranians, Poodles, Great Danes and 158 other dog breeds are genetically related to each other – Genetic Literacy Project
Posted: at 8:58 am
In the mid-18th century there was a period of intense innovation and codification in dog breeding, giving rise not only to a diversity of breeds, but the very concept of breed itself. During this boom, disparate dog lineages were deliberately crossed to enhance favourable traits or dilute undesirable ones This created a messy, intertwined relationship between different dog types, with the details of a breeds origin sometimes recorded only in oral history.
[So] researchers from the National Human Genome Research Institute in the US analysed DNA from 161 breeds to create a dog-breed family tree.
While the genomes of all dogs are 100% dog DNA, a small amount of the genome varies among breeds. These parts are responsible for the impressive spectrum of variation in size, shape and behaviour in domestic dogs. The researchers sequenced dog genomes at thousands of these variable sites. When blocks of them are identical across two different breeds, this indicates historic interbreeding between them.
These fresh results confirmed documented histories for some breeds. Heidi Parker, the lead researcher on the study and also a geneticist at NHGRI, said the results also showed evidence of crosses that were not documented or were otherwise unexpected.
We found out that the German shepherd was pretty much Italian, she said.
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Interactive: How Pomeranians, Poodles, Great Danes and 158 other dog breeds are genetically related to each other - Genetic Literacy Project
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Chad C. Meek, Author, Futurist Has Just Released a Book Entitled The New Libertarian Party, Revolution for America – PRNewswire
Posted: November 2, 2020 at 1:58 pm
SAN DIEGO, Nov. 2, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- In his thought-provoking book, Meek points out how the 1% has co-opted the United States political system and government, which has marginalized the American People into a separate downtrodden serfdom class of citizens.
The 62-year-old futurist explains that a perfect storm has occurred that has completely adulterated every American Government Institution that includes the Executive, Judicial, Legislative, and the Federal Reserve.
Benjamin Franklin is quoted as saying, "The ordaining of laws in favor of one part of the nation to the prejudice and oppression of another is certainly the most erroneous and mistaken policyAn equal dispensation of protection, rights, privileges, and advantages, is what every part is entitled to, and ought to enjoy."
In his abstract, Meek offers solutions to put the power back in the American People's hands. A single financial transaction tax, citizen jurists, universal income, universal education, on-line voting, and reducing the national voting age to 16.
The New Libertarian Party's (N.L.P) platform, also called the Great American Consolidation, along with the rapid adoption of Bitcoin, Blockchain, and Artificial Intelligence, will revolutionize how our government will operate within the next five years.
Meek states, "For Generations X, Y, Z, the traditional political parties offer zero solutions to a Fascist controlled government that has lost its mind and moral compass.
He further adds, "Nothing will change with the current antiquated infrastructure other than the rich getting richer."
The N.L.P genesis began at a place called Giant Rock, located in the Mohave Desert. Chad C. Meek lived here during this discovery time and witnessed the thousands of people who attended the annual space convention over three decades.
Meek's first novel and a screenplay called Giant Rock were released in 2016 and profiled his family's and others' experiences who made direct contact with extraterrestrial entities.
The people of Giant Rock created a movement led by his uncle George Van Tassel circa 1910-1978, which promoted Peace, U.F.O. disclosure, free-energy, and a non-nuclear carbon-free world.
"The ideas that my uncle and the eclectic group out at Giant Rock were able to channel from the Universal Mind were 50 years before their time."
Books available on Amazon
http://www.giantrockthemovie.com
Media Contact:Chad Meek[emailprotected]805-308-1949
SOURCE Chad C. Meek
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Chad C. Meek, Author, Futurist Has Just Released a Book Entitled The New Libertarian Party, Revolution for America - PRNewswire
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New Images Show Leftover Planetary Core Floating Between Mars and Jupiter – Futurism
Posted: at 1:58 pm
Closer Look
A new study takes the closest look yet at Psyche, an object in our solar systems asteroid belt thats thought to be the leftover core of a protoplanet that was destroyed before it could finish forming, possibly by an epic prehistoric collision that ripped off its outer layers.
In addition to taking clearer images of Psyches surface, the Southwest Research Institute study, published Monday in The Planetary Science Journal, is the first to observe the asteroid in ultraviolet, which revealed weathering effects due to being exposed in space for countless aeons. As NASA plans to launch a mission to Psyche in 2022, the new research could give the space agency a much better idea of what to expect once it arrives.
Psyche is one of the largest objects in the asteroid belt, orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. When they imaged it under UV light, the scientists found that Psyche has been gradually oxidizing thanks to solar winds.
Weve seen meteorites that are mostly metal, but Psyche could be unique in that it might be an asteroid that is totally made of iron and nickel, Southwest Research Institute scientist and study author Tracy Becker said in a press release. Earth has a metal core, a mantle and crust. Its possible that as a Psyche protoplanet was forming, it was struck by another object in our solar system and lost its mantle and crust.
If Psyche is the ghostly remains of a new planet, it would give NASA an unprecedented glimpse into whats happening beneath our feet on Earth.
What makes Psyche and the other asteroids so interesting is that theyre considered to be the building blocks of the solar system, Becker said. To understand what really makes up a planet and to potentially see the inside of a planet is fascinating.
READ MORE: Study offers more complete view of massive asteroid Psyche [Southwest Research Institute]
More on Psyche: NASA Hires SpaceX To Launch Mission To Giant Metal Asteroid
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In a New Movie, COVID Mutates and America Is Still Locked Down in 2024 – Futurism
Posted: at 1:58 pm
We just got our first look at an upcoming COVID movie called Songbird, produced by the one and only Michael Bay and its a doozy.
The film examines the current disaster that is 2020, and contemplates what it would be like to live under quarantine for another few years until the year 2024, when the movie is set. Is this what four more years could do to America?
The trailer paints a gloomy picture of the near future. Basically, it sounds like the dystopian timeline that nobody wants to think about right now.
Heres the premise. The number of deaths has risen to 110 million, caused by a mutated COVID-23 virus with a high mortality rate.
Yes, dear reader, this is a movie the industry wants us to actually watch.
Filmmakers Simon Boyes and Adam Mason wrote the outline for the story during lockdown this year, as Entertainment Weekly reports. Mason apparently called it a crazy idea when he pitched the idea to movie producer Adam Goodman.
Surprising nobody, there will be a love story at the center of the film.Its Romeo and Juliet, but theyre separated by her front door and by the virus, Mason told EW.
According to a press release, the protagonists of the story is an essential worker who has a rare immunity, played by teenage heartthrob KJ Apa, from Riverdale fame.
Production kicked off on July 8 in Los Angeles, the first film to be made in the city since March, according to EW. Strict safety measures made filming complicated, with crews being limited to 40 or less. It took only 17 days to complete shooting the film.
A major question remains: Whos this movie for?
This is how Sofia Carson, whos playing the love interest, pitches the movie, despite the fact that anxiety is at an all time high across much of the globe: Even though this is the pandemic thriller and its suspenseful and terrifying, the heart of a story is hope, she told EW.
READ MORE: Get your first look at pandemic thriller Songbird, starring KJ Apa [Entertainment Weekly]
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In a New Movie, COVID Mutates and America Is Still Locked Down in 2024 - Futurism
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Men at Facial Recognition Startup Used Its Own Tech to Sexually Harass Coworkers – Futurism
Posted: at 1:58 pm
Internal Harassment
Employees at the Silicon Valley security startup Verkada were reportedly using the companys own facial recognition-equipped security cameras to take pictures of women who worked at the company and make sexually explicit comments about them.
A sales director at Verkada, which sells security cameras and facial recognition software to companies, government agencies, and police departments, took a picture of a female colleague with one of the cameras the company uses in its own office, then posted it to the company Slack channel alongside sexually explicit comments, Motherboard reports. Other employees followed suit and did the same to other women at the company and all of them are still employed.
The incident and the months it took to disclose it to the company, according to a full account of the events from IPVM shows the clash of several toxic Silicon Valley trends. At Verkada, multiple employees told Motherboard about a pervasive misogynistic, fraternity-like workplace culture thats now in spotlight for illustrating how emerging tech can be used to exploit and abuse others.
I think its 100 percent fair to say I left Verkada because of the culture, a former employee told Motherboard. The worst part of it was that it seemed like the men in this crew continued to be celebrated and remained in leadership positions. Thats how [management] has made the toxic culture theyve created okay.
The four men responsible for the sexual harassment all kept their jobs but lost some of their stock options, Motherboard reports. To women at the company and those affected by the harassment, attempts to improve workplace culture fell short.
Everyone wants to stay there for the potential money they could make, but especially for women its hard to stay there, another former employee told Motherboard. Theres no support. They dont care about you.
READ MORE: Surveillance Startup Used Own Cameras to Harass Coworkers [Motherboard]
More on work culture: The Tech Industrys Gender Problem Isnt Just Hurting Women
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This Guy Is Creating Actual Diamonds From Reclaimed CO2 – Futurism
Posted: at 1:58 pm
Theyre Forever
Coming soon: carbon-negative diamonds made from nothing but atmospheric CO2 and rainwater.
A British clean energy company called Ecotricity, founded by environmentalist Dale Vince, told The Guardian that it plans to clean up the diamond industry, which has devastating effects on the environment and has a whole lot of blood on its hands. The plan, Vince says, is to suck greenhouse gas out of the atmosphere and use it to create a more ethical version of the gemstone.
To get just one carat 0.2 grams of a traditional diamond, according to The Guardian, miners could excavate up to 2.2 million pounds of rock, use 1,028 gallons of water, and emit 238 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, The Guardian reports.
Ecotricity hopes to reverse that environmental destruction by taking carbon out of the atmosphere, producing methane a crucial ingredient in synthesizing diamonds by taking hydrogen molecules out of rainwater, and powering the whole operation with wind and solar energy.
The resulting diamond is identical to one pulled out of the ground and Vince says Ecotricity is already capable of making about 200 carats every month.
Making diamonds from nothing more than the sky, from the air we breathe is a magical, evocative idea its modern alchemy, Vince told The Guardian. We dont need to mine the earth to have diamonds, we can mine the sky.
READ MORE: Ecotricity founder to grow diamonds made entirely from the sky [The Guardian]
More on diamonds: Diamond Batteries Made of Nuclear Waste Can Generate Power For Thousands of Years
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New Brain-Computer Interface Doesn’t Even Need to Touch the Brain – Futurism
Posted: at 1:58 pm
In an important step toward the goal of hooking our brains up to machines, scientists have developed a brain-computer interface (BCI) system that interprets neural signals without coming into contact with the brain itself.
Typically, neural implants need to rest on top or inside the brain, which can harm and kill brain tissue in ways that scientists still dont yet fully understand. But a company called Synchron is taking a different approach: developing BCI systems that slither toward the brain through the jugular vein, circumventing the need for brain surgery altogether.
Now, Wired reports that the company has taken it a step further: Its newest BCI doesnt even need to extend all the way to the brain in order to pick up on what its saying.
The implant, which remains in the bodys vasculature near the brain, was able to pick up and interpret neural signals that heralded the intent to move a muscle. Two patients paralyzed from Lou Gehrigs disease who were implanted with the experimental device were able to use it to communicate and send text messages, according to research published in the Journal of NeuroInterventional Surgery on Wednesday.
Self-expanding stent technology has been well demonstrated in both cardiac and neurological applications to treat other disease, neuroscientist and Synchron CEO Thomas Oxley told Wired. We just use that feature and put electrodes on top of the stent.
Its fully implantable, he added. Patients go home in a couple of days. And its plug-and-play.
Of course, its not quite that simple for the patients, who still need to spend weeks training the systems AI software to understand their neural signals once they get home. But once the system caught on to which brain impulses meant what, they were able to move a computer cursor around with an eye tracker and click their mouse just by thinking about it.
Theres a trade-off between how invasive you want to be and at what level you collect information, Andrew Pruszynski, a neuroscientist at Canadas Western University told Wired. This is trying to get to the middle ground, to insert a catheter close to the neural activity. Its obviously invasive, but certainly not as invasive as putting electrodes into the brain.
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