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Effect of Disease Severity on the Quality of Life and Sense of Stigmat | CCID – Dove Medical Press
Posted: February 2, 2021 at 7:10 pm
Beata Kowalewska,1 Barbara Jankowiak,1 Mateusz Cybulski,1 Elbieta Krajewska-Kuak,1 Dzmitry Fiodaravich Khvorik2
1Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland; 2Department of Dermatovenerology, Medical University in Grodno, Grodno, Belarus
Correspondence: Beata KowalewskaDepartment of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Bialystok, 7A Curie-Skodowskiej Str., Bialystok, 15-096, PolandTel +48 85 748 55 28Email beata.kowalewska@umb.edu.pl
Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin having a profound effect on the quality of life and contributing to the sense of stigmatization in the affected patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of psoriasis severity on the quality of life and sense of stigmatization in psoriatics and to investigate relationships between these measures and sociodemographic variables.Patients and Methods: The study included 111 patients with psoriasis. The inclusion criteria of the study were the diagnosis of psoriasis and written informed consent to participate. The study was based on a short survey prepared by the authors and four validated scales: Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), 6-item Stigmatization Scale, 33-item Feelings of Stigmatization Questionnaire, and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI).Results: Mean PASI score for the study group was 14 pts. Most respondents presented with low DLQI scores, with the mean value of 10.8 pts suggesting that the disease-related ailments were not extremely burdensome for the majority of the patients. Mean stigmatization scores for the 6- and 33-item scale were 7 8 and 81 82 pts, respectively.Conclusion: The severity of psoriasis was the strongest determinant of the quality of life measured with the DLQI. Also, the levels of stigmatization determined with the 6- and 33-item scale correlated significantly with PASI scores.
Keywords: psoriasis, quality of life, stigmatization, psoriasis severity, psychodermatology, DLQI, PASI
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Almirall enlists Happify to boost psoriasis patients’ mental health with digital therapeutics – FiercePharma
Posted: at 7:10 pm
Almost one-third of people with moderate to severe psoriasis suffer from mental health issues like anxiety and depression. Almirall wants to change that througha new collaboration with Happify Health.
The Barcelona-based pharma will launch a digital wellness program called Claro with Happify, which develops digital therapeutics for people with chronic disease, leaning on its team of scientists, physicians and gaming experts to help people manage mental health.
RELATED: Almirall 'Shared Skin' dermatology disease awareness campaign gets employees involved
The new Almirall program will feature a user experience the company called "meaningful, dynamic and fun," and it willbe delivered through the pharma companys patient support program in the U.K., Spain, Italy and France.
Almirall chose Happify because of its demonstrated positive impact on the mental health of patients with chronic conditions, including psoriasis, in published research, Francesca Domenech Wuttke, Almiralls chief digital officer, said.
The medical dermatology-focused pharma nabbed a recent approval in France for Ilumetri, an anti-IL-23p19 to treat psoriasis, with a launch expected soon. Almirall has a development and sales license for Ilumetri with Sun Pharmaceutical in Europe with launches already underway in Germany, the U.K., Switzerland, Austria, Denmark, Italy, Belgium, the Netherlands and Spain.
RELATED: Allergan preludes major selloffs with $650M Almirall dermatology sale
Almirall sharpened its focus in dermatology in 2018 when it acquired Allergans medical dermatology portfolio. The $650 million deal included brands Aczone, Tazorac, Azelex, Cordran Tape and Seysara.
Digital therapeutics, meanwhile, have been hit or miss in the pharma space, with some pioneers in the field already having moved on. Novartis ended itsPear Therapeutics partnership in 2019 after helping bring to marketthefirst FDA-approved digital therapeuticsreSET and reSET-O for substance use disorder and opioid use disorderand the first directlydetailedby a drugmaker. At the time, Novartis' Sandoz said Pear was now able to support its own commercial operations.
Otsuka and Proteus' mental health "digital pill" partnership also dissolved last year. Otsuka now owns thedigital therapeutics, including theAbilify MyCite smart pill technology, after a bankruptcy court winin August.
More digital therapeutics fromOrexo launchedlastfall, too: Vorvidafor problematic drinking and Deprexis for depression. Orexoalso markets drug products including Subsolv for opioid use disorder.
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The Best Workout Clothes When You Have Psoriasis – LIVESTRONG.COM
Posted: at 7:10 pm
When you have psoriasis, the right workout clothes keep your skin happy so you can better enjoy exercising.
Image Credit: LumiNola/E+/GettyImages
If you have psoriasis, you may put a lot of thought into the clothes you wear. Maybe you strategically choose pieces that cover up affected areas of your skin or ones that make you feel your best. But perhaps the most important reason is the fact that what you wear can keep your skin happy or lead to a flare-up.
Psoriasis a skin disease marked by red, itchy patches of skin covered with silvery scales tends to come and go in cycles, going from remission to flaring again if something sets it off, according to the Mayo Clinic. Certain types of clothing can sometimes be the trigger.
The general recommendation is to avoid tight-fitting clothes, because they may irritate the skin, says Lisa Anthony, MD, a board-certified dermatologist at Westmed Medical Group. That might sound like a problem, because that eliminates most popular styles of workout clothing but don't let that keep you away from exercise.
"Regular exercise is not only a great way to de-stress and build confidence, but it will improve heart health," Dr. Anthony says, adding that people with psoriasis are at increased risk of cardiovascular health problems.
You'll just need to be strategic about how you dress for your workouts. Here's a guide to choosing the best workout clothes when you have psoriasis, including general tips on what to look for and a few specific pieces that fit within those guidelines.
No matter what you decide to exercise in, be sure to wash your workout clothes in detergents that are gentle on the skin. Laundry detergents that are fragrance-free and dye-free are recommended to reduce the risk of irritation, Dr. Anthony says.
The Best Workout Tops When You Have Psoriasis
When shopping for workout tops, you'll want to avoid tight, form-fitting styles if you can, because they can rub against the skin and lead to irritation, Dr. Anthony says. "Looser-fitting clothing will reduce friction and trauma to the skin," she says.
1. JoyLab Womens Tie-Back Active Tank Top
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
This loose-fitting tank from Target's activewear line features an open back, which amps up the breathability and minimizes contact between the fabric and your skin. We also love it for its affordable price and punchy style.
2. Outdoor Voices Ready Set Shortsleeve
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
This Austin-based brand offers a full line of gear designed to get you moving. To start, go for this versatile tee. Its boxy fit and slightly cropped length keep the air flowing. Plus, it's made out of OV's Sweatee fabric, a performance cotton with sweat-wicking properties.
3. Zella Splits Ribbed Tank
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
Because a loose fit is the way to go, this racerback tank from Zella is another good addition to your workout wardrobe.
Pro tip: Choose the white color instead of black Dr. Anthony says wearing light colors will minimize the appearance of flakes.
The Best Sports Bras When You Have Psoriasis
It's hard to get away from a tight fit when shopping for sports bras. So focus on fabric instead. Some materials, such as synthetic fabrics and wool, can cause skin irritation and thereby a psoriasis breakout, Dr. Anthony says.
"To minimize skin irritation, choose cotton fabric that is more breathable or a performance fabric that reduces irritation from sweat and moisture," she says.
1. Splits59 Bianca Techflex Bra
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
Andrea Fornarola, CPT, ACE, an AFAA-certified fitness instructor and founder/CEO of Elements Fitness Studio, loves this line for her sensitive skin.
"The comfortable sports bras are supportive but don't have the uncomfortable, heavy elastic bands," she says.
This bra also features flatlock seams that minimize chafing a definite plus for psoriasis skin.
2. Athleta Ultimate Printed Bra
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
Look for the SuperSonic fabric from this Gap-owned brand it's designed specifically to wick sweat away from the skin and dry quickly to keep your skin fresh.
You've got a few options if you're sticking to light colors, including orchid pink, white and oasis blue. Plus, you're bound to find a size that fits your body this sports bra is available in size XXS to 3X.
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
The Elevation Bra from this California-based brand offers a supportive fit that'll keep up with even your most intense workouts. It's also made with a moisture-wicking material and scores style points for its high neck and strappy back.
4. lululemon Like a Cloud Bra Light Support
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
If the day is calling for a lower-impact workout like yoga, consider this light-support sports bra from lululemon. This bra features four skinny straps, which is an on-trend design choice and also a good choice for those with psoriasis because it leaves lots of space for skin to breathe.
The Best Workout Bottoms When You Have Psoriasis
You'll want to follow all the same advice when shopping for workout bottoms: breathable fabrics and loose fits will minimize the risk of flare-ups.
1. lululemon Hotty Hot Short High-Rise Long
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
These four-inch shorts (also available in a shorter style) feature the Canadian retailer's lightweight Swift fabric, which combines stretchiness, sweat-wicking properties and mesh side panels for extra ventilation.
2. Athleta Salutation Stash Pocket II 7/8 Tight
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
Fornarola turns to Athleta for the brand's "really comfortable high-waisted leggings that stay in place and breath as your body heats up and cools down."
This style features the brand's super-soft Powervita fabric and side pockets beneath the hips for storage.
3. Nike Dri-FIT Attack Shorts
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
The lightweight, sweat-wicking material on these Nike workout shorts gives you room to move and your skin room to breathe.
Buy it: Nike.com; Price: $25
4. GapFit Runaround Joggers
Image Credit: LIVESTRONG.com Creative
The looser fit and breathable quick-dry fabric make these GapFit joggers a must-have for low-intensity workouts (and for lounging post-workout, too). Choose from a range of light colors, including white, tan khaki, pink English rose and vintage palm.
Buy it: Gap.com; Price: $47-$70
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Whats the Difference Between Eczema and Psoriasis? – 24/7 Wall St.
Posted: at 7:10 pm
Psoriasis and eczema are both common skin conditions. Eczema affects about 31.6 million people in the United States, while as many as 7.5 million suffer from psoriasis. Both cause red, itchy skin, and they can sometimes look so much alike that some doctors, especially general practitioners, may have trouble distinguishing between them though they look quite different to dermatologists.
Both psoriasis and eczema are autoimmune diseases the former being the most prevalent autoimmune disease in the United States. Psoriasis causes the life cycle of skin cells to accelerate. The dead cells build up on the skin instead of being sloughed off. The disease is believed to be caused by overactive T cells and other white blood cells, which both attack healthy skin cells and trigger increased skin cell production.
Eczema is triggered primarily by exposure to bacteria, allergens, or various other irritants, and may be more prevalent in those who have a genetic variation that affects the skins ability to protect itself. The main risk factor for eczema is a family or personal history of asthma, hay fever, allergies, or eczema itself.
Eczema is an umbrella term, describing various related conditions that cause inflamed, itchy skin, according to the National Eczema Association. They recognize six types. The most common kind, and the one that most of us think of as eczema, is correctly called atopic dermatitis. It usually appears in the crooks of the elbows or knees, though it may also affect the back of the neck and the face. The main risk factor for atopic dermatitis is a family or personal history of asthma, hay fever, allergies, or the condition itself.
There are likewise several kinds of psoriasis, seven in all, the most common being plaque psoriasis. This condition causes raised, dry, scaly red lesions, typically on elbows and knees, though the lesions can appear anywhere on the body, including the face and the inside of the mouth.
There is no cure for either atopic dermatitis or psoriasis, and both are chronic conditions, often coming and going. Preventative measures may stave off flare-ups of either one, however. Doctors recommend that those affected try to identify and avoid factors that may set off bouts of the disease. Such factors include stress and obesity. Smoking increases the risk of psoriasis and can make it worse. Infants and children affected with eczema may experience flare-ups from eating potentially allergenic foods.
Both conditions react negatively to cold, dry weather, and both may be partially soothed by keeping the skin well lubricated and by using only gentle soaps. The American Academy of Dermatology also recommends bathing in a well-diluted solution of household bleach to prevent flare-ups of atopic dermatitis.
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Drugs Market: Rise of Biosimilars to Pose Serious Internal Challenge to the Growth of the Market – BioSpace
Posted: at 7:10 pm
Global Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Drugs Market: Overview
Tumor necrosis factor or TNF refers to a multifunctional protein cytokine that is produced by immune cells. This protein cytokine causes inflammation in body and has an important role to play in many of the cellular functions such as death, survival, differentiation, and cell proliferation. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors subdue innate response of the body toward tumor necrosis factor. Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors are drugs that assist in stopping inflammation in the body. These drugs are utilized in the treatment of various diseases, such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, ankylosing spondylitis, plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, juvenile arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. They are also otherwise known as anti-TNF drugs, biologic therapies, and TNF blockers. Food and Drug Administration of the US has approved many TNF inhibitors for use.
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Product, application, sales channel, and region are the four important parameters based on which the classification of the global tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs market has been done. Such dissection of the market comes with the purpose to offer stakeholders with a detailed and clear analysis of the global tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs market.
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Global Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Drugs Market: Notable Developments
One of the recent market developments that offers a glimpse of the market dynamics at play in the global tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs market is mentioned below:
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Some of the prominent organizations in the global tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs market include:
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Global Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Drugs Market: Key Trends
The global tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs market is characterized by the presence of the following restraints, drivers, and opportunities.
Rise of Biosimilars to Pose Serious Internal Challenge to the Growth of the Market
The growth of the global tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs market is likely to be influenced by several factors. These growth factors for the market comprise increasing disposable income, augmented spending on healthcare, new product launches, growing geriatric population, increased prevalence of autoimmune disorders, and rise in the awareness level of people about these drugs. In addition, there has been a trend amongst consumers to opt for cost effective drugs with better safety and effectiveness is likely to drive the demand for tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs in the years to come.
The biologics prevalent in the global tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs market is faced with a direct internal threat from biosimilars. Loss of patent exclusivities across many regions of the world has worked in favor of the use of biosimilars. In addition to that, stiff competition from Interleukin (IL) inhibitors is likely to pose serious challenge to the growth of the global tumor necrosis factor inhibitor drugs market over the period of assessment.
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The Role of Topical CBD in Skin Disorders: Current Knowledge and Future Directions – Dermatology Advisor
Posted: at 7:10 pm
Cannabidiol, a non-psychoactive compound derived from cannabis, has shown increasing influence in dermatologic research, but this compound currently lacks robust and long-term data to support its use in specific skin disorders. In spite of the lack of these data, several studies have reported the potential therapeutic effects of CBD in certain skin conditions, according to findings in a review article published in Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology.
Cutaneous biology, according to the authors of this review, is modulated by what is known as the human endocannabinoid system (ECS), and receptors from this system are found in the skin. The ECS is involved in maintaining barrier function and skin homeostasis, but system dysregulation may impair skin barrier function and ultimately lead to different skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis, acne, and even hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation.
The use of CBD in in vitro studies has been shown to induce HMOX1 expression as well as expression in other NRF2-regulated genes. Researchers theorize that CBD may be beneficial for skin disorders associated with free radical formation and inflammation, due to the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties associated with HMOX1. In another study, CBD was shown to be capable of penetrating cells and balancing oxidative stress induced by ultraviolet B-induced and hydrogen peroxide.
In addition, topical application of CBD in preclinical and clinical studies may target peripheral inflammation and help reduce pain associated with certain conditions. Topical application circumvents the central nervous system, which may reduce the risk for CBD-related side effects, the investigators related. These research findings have not been validated in larger clinical trials.
Wound healing may also be a potential target for topical CBD use, as it may be influenced by ECS signaling. Some small research models suggest cannabinoid analogs can generate a wound healing response via activation of CB1 and/or CB2 receptors, anti-inflammatory upregulation, and activation of epidermal growth factor receptors. Similar to other studies looking at topical CBD for skin conditions, the research on wound healing with topical CBD is scarce, it was noted.
Other research has looked into topical CBD for the modulation of hair growth due to major cannabinoid compounds found in hair fibers. Expression of CB1 and CB2 receptors vary within the hair follicle. Models of obese mice show oral ingestion of synthetic antagonist of CB1 promoted hair growth, but there was no similar effect when the antagonist was applied topically. Additional small studies have looked into the potential of topical CBD for hair pigmentation, but the involvement of the ECS in melanogenesis is not yet clearly understood.
The researchers of this study concluded that while the therapeutic potential of CBD for acne, seborrhea, eczema/dermatitis, and skin barrier function is promising, more robust studies are needed to fully validate its efficacy.
Reference
Baswan SM, Klosner AE, Glynn K, et al. Therapeutic potential of cannabidiol (CBD) for skin health and disorders. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. Published online December 8, 2020. doi:10.2147/CCID.S286411
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Impact Of Covid-19 on Psoriasis Market 2021 Industry Challenges, Business Overview and Forecast Research Study 2026 NeighborWebSJ – NeighborWebSJ
Posted: at 7:10 pm
Overview for Psoriasis Market Helps in providing scope and definitions, Key Findings, Growth Drivers, and Various Dynamics.
Psoriasis Market Data and Acquisition Research Study with Trends and Opportunities 2019-2024The study of Psoriasis market is a compilation of the market of Psoriasis broken down into its entirety on the basis of types, application, trends and opportunities, mergers and acquisitions, drivers and restraints, and a global outreach. The detailed study also offers a board interpretation of the Psoriasis industry from a variety of data points that are collected through reputable and verified sources. Furthermore, the study sheds a lights on a market interpretations on a global scale which is further distributed through distribution channels, generated incomes sources and a marginalized market space where most trade occurs.
Along with a generalized market study, the report also consists of the risks that are often neglected when it comes to the Psoriasis industry in a comprehensive manner. The study is also divided in an analytical space where the forecast is predicted through a primary and secondary research methodologies along with an in-house model.
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Key players in the global Psoriasis market covered in Chapter 12:Amgen Inc.Biogen IdecStiefel Laboratories Inc.Celgene CorporationJohnson and Johnson (Janssen Biotech Inc.)Eli Lilly and CompanyPfizer Inc.Novartis AGTakeda Pharmaceutical Company LimitedAbbVie Inc.
In Chapter 4 and 14.1, on the basis of types, the Psoriasis market from 2015 to 2025 is primarily split into:SystemicPhototherapyTopical TreatmentOthers
In Chapter 5 and 14.2, on the basis of applications, the Psoriasis market from 2015 to 2025 covers:InjectableTropicalOral
Geographically, the detailed analysis of consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate, historic and forecast (2015-2025) of the following regions are covered in Chapter 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14:North America (Covered in Chapter 7 and 14)United StatesCanadaMexicoEurope (Covered in Chapter 8 and 14)GermanyUKFranceItalySpainRussiaOthersAsia-Pacific (Covered in Chapter 9 and 14)ChinaJapanSouth KoreaAustraliaIndiaSoutheast AsiaOthersMiddle East and Africa (Covered in Chapter 10 and 14)Saudi ArabiaUAEEgyptNigeriaSouth AfricaOthersSouth America (Covered in Chapter 11 and 14)BrazilArgentinaColumbiaChileOthersRegional scope can be customized
For a global outreach, the Psoriasis study also classifies the market into a global distribution where key market demographics are established based on the majority of the market share. The following markets that are often considered for establishing a global outreach are North America, Europe, Asia, and the Rest of the World. Depending on the study, the following markets are often interchanged, added, or excluded as certain markets only adhere to certain products and needs.
Here is a short glance at what the study actually encompasses:Study includes strategic developments, latest product launches, regional growth markers and mergers & acquisitionsRevenue, cost price, capacity & utilizations, import/export rates and market shareForecast predictions are generated from analytical data sources and calculated through a series of in-house processes.
However, based on requirements, this report could be customized for specific regions and countries.
Brief about Psoriasis Market Report with [emailprotected]https://hongchunresearch.com/report/psoriasis-market-size-2020-121215
Some Point of Table of Content:
Chapter One: Psoriasis Introduction and Market Overview
Chapter Two: Executive Summary
Chapter Three: Industry Chain Analysis
Chapter Four: Global Psoriasis Market, by Type
Chapter Five: Psoriasis Market, by Application
Chapter Six: Global Psoriasis Market Analysis by Regions
Chapter Seven: North America Psoriasis Market Analysis by Countries
Chapter Eight: Europe Psoriasis Market Analysis by Countries
Chapter Nine: Asia Pacific Psoriasis Market Analysis by Countries
Chapter Ten: Middle East and Africa Psoriasis Market Analysis by Countries
Chapter Eleven: South America Psoriasis Market Analysis by Countries
Chapter Twelve: Competitive Landscape 12.1 Amgen Inc. 12.1.1 Amgen Inc. Basic Information 12.1.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.1.3 Amgen Inc. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.2 Biogen Idec 12.2.1 Biogen Idec Basic Information 12.2.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.2.3 Biogen Idec Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.3 Stiefel Laboratories Inc. 12.3.1 Stiefel Laboratories Inc. Basic Information 12.3.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.3.3 Stiefel Laboratories Inc. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.4 Celgene Corporation 12.4.1 Celgene Corporation Basic Information 12.4.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.4.3 Celgene Corporation Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.5 Johnson and Johnson (Janssen Biotech Inc.) 12.5.1 Johnson and Johnson (Janssen Biotech Inc.) Basic Information 12.5.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.5.3 Johnson and Johnson (Janssen Biotech Inc.) Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.6 Eli Lilly and Company 12.6.1 Eli Lilly and Company Basic Information 12.6.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.6.3 Eli Lilly and Company Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.7 Pfizer Inc. 12.7.1 Pfizer Inc. Basic Information 12.7.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.7.3 Pfizer Inc. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.8 Novartis AG 12.8.1 Novartis AG Basic Information 12.8.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.8.3 Novartis AG Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.9 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited 12.9.1 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Basic Information 12.9.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.9.3 Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020 12.10 AbbVie Inc. 12.10.1 AbbVie Inc. Basic Information 12.10.2 Psoriasis Product Introduction 12.10.3 AbbVie Inc. Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Chapter Thirteen: Industry Outlook continued
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List of tablesList of Tables and Figures Figure Product Picture of Psoriasis Table Product Specification of Psoriasis Table Psoriasis Key Market Segments Table Key Players Psoriasis Covered Figure Global Psoriasis Market Size, 2015 2025 Table Different Types of Psoriasis Figure Global Psoriasis Value ($) Segment by Type from 2015-2020 Figure Global Psoriasis Market Share by Types in 2019 Table Different Applications of Psoriasis Figure Global Psoriasis Value ($) Segment by Applications from 2015-2020 Figure Global Psoriasis Market Share by Applications in 2019 Figure Global Psoriasis Market Share by Regions in 2019 Figure North America Psoriasis Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Europe Psoriasis Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Asia Pacific Psoriasis Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Middle East and Africa Psoriasis Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure South America Psoriasis Production Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Table Global COVID-19 Status and Economic Overview Figure Global COVID-19 Status Figure COVID-19 Comparison of Major Countries Figure Industry Chain Analysis of Psoriasis Table Upstream Raw Material Suppliers of Psoriasis with Contact Information Table Major Players Headquarters, and Service Area of Psoriasis Figure Major Players Production Value Market Share of Psoriasis in 2019 Table Major Players Psoriasis Product Types in 2019 Figure Production Process of Psoriasis Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Psoriasis Figure Channel Status of Psoriasis Table Major Distributors of Psoriasis with Contact Information Table Major Downstream Buyers of Psoriasis with Contact Information Table Global Psoriasis Value ($) by Type (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Value Share by Type (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Value Share by Type (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Production by Type (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Production Share by Type (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Production Share by Type (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Value ($) and Growth Rate of Systemic (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Value ($) and Growth Rate of Phototherapy (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Value ($) and Growth Rate of Topical Treatment (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Value ($) and Growth Rate of Others (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Price by Type (2015-2020) Figure Downstream Market Overview Table Global Psoriasis Consumption by Application (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Consumption and Growth Rate of Injectable (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Consumption and Growth Rate of Tropical (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Consumption and Growth Rate of Oral (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Global Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Sales by Regions (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Sales Market Share by Regions (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) by Regions (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Revenue Market Share by Regions (2015-2020) Table Global Psoriasis Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2015 Table Global Psoriasis Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2019 Figure North America Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Europe Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Asia-Pacific Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Middle East and Africa Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure South America Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure North America COVID-19 Status Figure North America COVID-19 Confirmed Cases Major Distribution Figure North America Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table North America Psoriasis Sales by Countries (2015-2020) Table North America Psoriasis Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Table North America Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) by Countries (2015-2020) Table North America Psoriasis Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Figure United States Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Canada Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Mexico Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Europe COVID-19 Status Figure Europe COVID-19 Confirmed Cases Major Distribution Figure Europe Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table Europe Psoriasis Sales by Countries (2015-2020) Table Europe Psoriasis Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Table Europe Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) by Countries (2015-2020) Table Europe Psoriasis Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Figure Germany Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure UK Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure France Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Italy Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Spain Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Russia Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Asia Pacific COVID-19 Status Figure Asia Pacific Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) Table Asia Pacific Psoriasis Sales by Countries (2015-2020) Table Asia Pacific Psoriasis Sales Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Table Asia Pacific Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) by Countries (2015-2020) Table Asia Pacific Psoriasis Revenue Market Share by Countries (2015-2020) Figure China Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure Japan Psoriasis Sales and Growth Rate (2015-2020) Figure South Korea Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure India Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Southeast Asia Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Australia Psoriasis Sales and Growth (2015-2020) Figure Middle East Psoriasis Revenue (M USD) and Growth (2015-2020) continued
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NOTE: Our report does take into account the impact of coronavirus pandemic and dedicates qualitative as well as quantitative sections of information within the report that emphasizes the impact of COVID-19.
As this pandemic is ongoing and leading to dynamic shifts in stocks and businesses worldwide, we take into account the current condition and forecast the market data taking into consideration the micro and macroeconomic factors that will be affected by the pandemic.
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Impact Of Covid-19 on Psoriasis Market 2021 Industry Challenges, Business Overview and Forecast Research Study 2026 NeighborWebSJ - NeighborWebSJ
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Elon Musk reveals ambitious plans to get humans to Mars seven years ahead of NASA – Republic World
Posted: at 7:06 pm
SpaceX CEO Elon Musk on February 1 revealed an ambitious plan to get humans on Mars by 2026, which is seven years before US space agency NASA aims to land astronauts on the Red planet. While speaking on the audio-only social media app Clubhouse, Musk said that his goal was to establish a self-sustaining Martian civilisation. For the first time, he mentioned a time-line and said that he will get humans on the Red Planet in five and a half years.
Musks deadline seems little ambitious as there is a long way to go. SpaceX is still working to finalise the prototypes, with a second high-altitude test flight due soon. Even NASA aims to get first humans on the Red Planet in 2033. It is also worth mentioning that it currently takes at least six months to get to Mars, however, Musk believes that could be down to as little as a month, with flights operating every two years.
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While speaking on Clubhouse, the SpaceX CEO went on to say that over time one can make Mars Earth-like by transforming the planet by warming it up. He said that the first colony will be a tiny, dangerous, frontier-like environment as they begin to establish propellant manufacturing, food production and power plants. He said that there are a number of technological advances that need to be made between now and 2026 before humans can travel to Mars on Starship.
Further, when asked if he would allow his children to go to the Red planet on a future rocket trip, Musk said, if were talking about the third or fourth set of landings on Mars Id be ok with that. He added that so far none of them are jumping to go to Mars.
READ:Elon Musk's 'Cyborg Monkey' Triggers Memes, Netizens Say 'Planets Of Apes Has Begun'
Meanwhile, the latest 'SN9' Starship prototype is due to undergo a high altitude test flight in the coming days - similar to the test in December that ended in an explosion. The scientists are going to check how this prototype performs. SpaceX is aiming to launch the SN9 at the speed of 15 km, which is much higher than the speed used by any rocketto date. The previousthree engine prototypes named Star hopper, SN5,SN6 attained a minimum altitude of 500 during the test flight. The test flights were conducted in the past year. Elon Musk wants to use his SpaceX mission to help humanity and also plans to create a "Colony of Humans" on Mars.
Back in November, the tech mogul had even said that he wants to make his own laws on the Red planet. Musk said that once SpaceX reachesMars,it will colonize the planet as there are no universal laws on the planet. All Martian settlement will be dealt with using "self-governing principles, Musk said in a document that lists Terms of Service of its Starlink internet project, declaring himself the governing entity in space. Further, the rocket company's satellite-based internet service, Starlink suggests that it will not recognize the land-based international law that governs Earth on the red planet.
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Elon Musk reveals ambitious plans to get humans to Mars seven years ahead of NASA - Republic World
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Is there life on Mars? Not if we destroy it with poor space hygiene – The Guardian
Posted: at 7:06 pm
Next month, three new spacecraft arrive at Mars. Two represent firsts for their countries of origin, while the third opens a new era of Mars exploration. The first is the UAEs Emirates Mars Mission, also known as Hope, which enters orbit on 9 February. Shortly after, Chinas Tianwen-1 settles into the red planets gravitational grip and in April will deploy a lander carrying a rover to the surface.
Both of these missions are groundbreaking for their countries. If they are successful, their makers will join the US, Russia, Europe and India in having successfully sent spacecraft to Mars. However, it is the third mission that is destined to capture the most headlines.
On 18 February, around 8pm GMT, Nasa will attempt to land the car-size rover Perseverance in Jezero crater. Its got a long list of science objectives to work through. We want to get a fuller understanding of how Mars formed as a planet, says Sanjeev Gupta of Imperial College London, who is part of the Perseverance science team.
On Earth, the constant shifting of the crust has mostly destroyed the very first surface rocks to form, but on Mars the oldest rocks are preserved, so there is an unbroken record stretching back more than four billion years. As well as telling us about the history of the planets formation, those primeval rocks could also contain clues as to whether life ever began on the red planet.
Yet what makes Perseverance unique is that it is also the first part of an ambitious 10-year plan between Nasa and the European Space Agency (Esa) to bring Martian rocks to Earth in around 2031.
Scientists really want rocks from Mars back on Earth, says Gupta. Samples can be analysed much more thoroughly on Earth than using even the most sophisticated Mars rover. And because laboratory techniques improve constantly, they can continue to be inspected year after year for new discoveries.
The value of sample return was demonstrated in the 1970s when the analysis of moon rocks brought back by the Apollo astronauts changed our understanding of the solar systems history and formation.
To replicate this success for Mars, Perseverance is equipped with more than 30 canisters, into which interesting-looking rocks will be loaded and then cached on the surface. If all goes well, a European rover built at Airbus Defence and Space in Stevenage will arrive on Mars in 2028 to collect the canisters. It will load them into a Nasa spacecraft known as the Mars Ascent Vehicle, which will blast them to a rendezvous with the European supplied Earth Return Orbiter that will bring the samples to Earth.
Whereas the lunar samples of the 1970s were from a barren world, Mars could once have been a habitable planet. So key investigations will involve looking for evidence of past or possibly present life and that is a whole new ballgame.
If you discover signs of life on Mars, you want to know thats Martian life, right? You dont want to accidentally discover E coli bacteria that hung on to your spacecraft, says Casey Dreier, chief advocate and senior space policy adviser for the Planetary Society, a non-profit organisation for space advocacy based in Pasadena, California.
To keep the scientific results as pure as possible, spacecraft and equipment are cleaned with chemical solvents or by heating.
When building a mission to Mars, you have to apply these biological controls that go beyond what we typically use for satellites that we build for, say, Earth observation, says Gerhard Kminek, a planetary protection officer for Esa. Hes been working since 2004 to make sure such precautions become standard practice at Esa for anything going to Mars including the Rosalind Franklin rover that will launch in 2022 and which carries life-detection equipment.
From working on Rosalind Franklin, European aerospace companies Airbus and Thales Alenia Space now have biologically controlled cleanrooms in which to build almost completely sterile spacecraft. Were in a very good position, says Kminek, so much so that Nasa sent a delegation late last year to visit the facilities and learn from them.
Kminek is also spearheading studies into the kind of containment facility needed to hold Mars samples on Earth. Working with organisations such as Public Health England, the Porton Down laboratory and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Controls, Thales UK and the University of Leicester have already built a prototype double wall isolation chamber under an Esa contract.
Such precautions are known as planetary protection, which is split into two components. Forward contamination is the introduction of Earth life on to other worlds; backwards contamination is concerned with the possibility, however remote, of extraterrestrial life brought back to Earth escaping into the biosphere.
It was initially discussed in the 1950s in the run-up to the launch of the first satellite, the Soviet Unions Sputnik 1, and the Committee on Space Research (Cospar) issued its first planetary protection guidelines in 1959. Back then, scientists thought the solar system was much more habitable. You read Arthur C Clarke novels written in the 50s that talk about native Martians and people dont see that as being an absurdity, says Thomas Cheney, lecturer in space governance at the Open University.
That all changed in 1971, when Mariner 9 became the first spacecraft to enter orbit around Mars. The pictures it sent back were sobering. There was no vegetation and no visible signs of life. Indeed, there was not even an indication of past life. People were surprised at just how dead Mars actually turned out to look, says Cheney.
Closer investigation in more recent decades, however, has swung opinions back again. It is now thought that Mars could have been habitable and that microbes may still be clinging on in areas of the planet where liquid water is present. Planetary protection concerns mean that spacecraft cannot go to these areas. So, life-detection experiments cannot investigate the areas most likely to support life and therefore most concentrate on looking for the evidence of past life on Mars.
Beyond these purely pragmatic scientific issues, however, a larger debate is brewing that brings in an ethical dimension. Its something that is, I think, even more important in a sense, says Dreier. Its applying the lessons of horrendous mistakes that humans have made in terms of exploration in the past.
Perhaps the most widely known of these mistakes is the European colonisation of Hawaii in the 18th century. Various diseases devastated the indigenous population because of the bacteria and viruses that were introduced. While there is no real chance of animal life on Mars, Dreier thinks the same consideration should be extended to bacteria. If theres life there, we dont want to inadvertently introduce a competing form of life that could undermine or destroy that, he says.
In truth, this concern has always underpinned the planetary protection guidelines, but its re-emergence as a discussion point is because Nasa and its partners are on the brink of returning humans to the moon. They also have ambitions for sending astronauts to Mars sometime in the 2030s and wherever humans go, contamination is sure to follow. We are for want of a better word leaky, even when enclosed in space suits. There is no such thing as a perfect seal, so viruses and bacteria will be constantly escaping into extraterrestrial environments.
The way we currently try to minimise the impact is to say that all areas with the potential for water are off limits, even to biologically decontaminated rovers such as Perseverance. Yet this will not work for human exploration, because water is going to be an essential resource for astronauts to drink and to make oxygen and rocket fuel with. Such in-situ resource utilisation is hard written into everyones plans for exploration.
On the face of it, planetary protection rules out a human exploration programme and all the scientific exploration that could bring. It would have scuppered the historic moon landings if anyone had thought about it too much. The Apollo missions would have been entirely impossible if someone had tried to enforce planetary protection, says Robert Zubrin, founder of the Mars Society, which advocates for human missions to Mars.
Those early astronauts left several hundred pounds of metabolic waste on the moon. This includes 96 bags of poo, urine, vomit and food waste. Apart from making the most historic feat of human exploration sound more like the aftermath of a student party, the point is that those waste products will have contained more than 1,000 microbial species usually found in the human gut.
Zubrin, whose book The Case for Mars is celebrating its 25th year in print, thinks that planetary protection is overcautious. He points to the subset of naturally occurring meteorites on Earth that have been shown to come from Mars and that this must have been happening since the formation of the solar system 4.6bn years ago.
One Martian meteorite in particular, ALH84001, aroused great interest in 1996 when a group of scientists claimed to have found microscopic fossils of Martian bacteria inside. Although that conclusion is still hotly contested, part of the analysis showed that the meteorite had never been subjected to temperatures above 40C. If there had been microbes in it, they could have survived the trip, says Zubrin, and billions of tons of such material have transferred from Mars to Earth in the last four billion years.
In other words, if nature does not respect planetary protection protocols, why should we?
Nasa recently commissioned a report on planetary protection. Published in October 2019, the Planetary Protection Independent Review Board recommended that different areas of a celestial body should be classified in different ways. Previously, the Cospar planetary protection rules applied to a celestial body as a whole. Now, specific areas can be protected while leaving others to be explored.
Its a stopgap at best because the water-rich areas necessary for the establishment of permanent bases remain off limits. To make progress, Cheney would like to see planetary protection become part of a wider discussion about space as an environment, so that we can decide what our priorities are for space exploration.
Its not just a place where you can do anything you want. What you do has consequences, he says. He points to space debris as something that could be rolled into a wider discussion of protecting the environment of space.
And theres no time to lose. The Cospar planetary protection guidelines are not part of international law, so while its recommendations are written into the fabric of Nasa, Esa and other major space agencies, there is nothing to stop the burgeoning private space sector sending anything they want into space. And as the flotilla of missions arriving at Mars demonstrates, the red planet is no longer as remote as it once seemed.
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How Elon Musk and a Mission to Mars Might Boost Internet Speeds in Rural Kansas – kansaspublicradio.org
Posted: at 7:06 pm
Story by David Condos
But for Bahr, the cable running beneath his feet is off-limits. Its owned by a neighboring internet service provider and is merely passing through on its way to a nearby town.
Its just maddening, Bahr said. Were at the end of the line basically.
Bahrs story illustrates just how out-of-reach broadband remains for tens of millions of people in rural America. Nearly 9% of Kansas households roughly 130,000 still dont have access to high-speed internet.
Yet the promise of a future with broadband for all Kansans, no matter how remote, might rest in the wide-open skies over the Bahrs home and a plan to send Wi-Fi to a future Mars colony.
Beaming the internet down from satellites might leapfrog the logistical and financial barriers that leave so many rural homes and those just outside the city limits on the wrong side of the digital divide. But to do that, the next generation of satellite internet service will need to be better than the space-based stuff thats been around for a while.
Existing satellite internet is better than nothing, said Daniel Andresen, a computer science professor at Kansas State University, but thats about all you can say about it.
He said customers often have to deal with web pages that load slowly due to bottlenecked bandwidth and video calls that appear choppy because of high latency, or lag times. They sometimes lose service completely if there is rain or snow.
Left behind
Andresen said Kansans who live in towns even very small towns can generally skip satellite internet and connect their homes with fiber, cable or DSL.
But if somebody wants to live ... two miles outside of town, Andresen said, good luck getting any of the above.
The basic problem is that its not usually worth it to internet providers to string broadband lines out to places where people dont live close to each other. Each mile of fiber costs more than $27,000 to install. That might pay off in Wichita, which has 2,300 potential users per square mile, but not so much in Great Bends Barton County, with only 31 people per square mile.
Andresen says that leaves rural Kansans behind, especially as the pandemic moves so much of Americans personal and professional lives online.
It used to be that, Internet access is kind of nice, but you go into town once a week and use the librarys and its fine, Andresen said. Now, its vital.
New 5G cellular technology might improve wireless internet speeds for some rural homes, but Andresen said its only likely to help someone who already has good 4G coverage. The high-frequency wavelengths that enable 5Gs fast speeds dont travel as far as 4G waves. And a tree or hill in the wrong place could block the signal.
5G could turn kind-of-haves into haves, but wont turn have-nots into haves, Andresen said. You end up with a situation where good connectivity tends to be pretty much no matter how much money youre willing to fling at it unavailable.
But the richest man on the planet, Elon Musk, has a plan to send humans to Mars. And almost accidentally, that plan might just open the door to getting a better YouTube feed to the ranches and farms of Kansas.
To the stars
For Elon Musks aerospace endeavor, SpaceX, the Starlink project is part fundraiser, part test run. The company needs money from internet customers to fund its ambitions in the heavens, like space tourism and colonizing the red planet. SpaceX also wants to deliver high-speed internet to those future Martians who, like the people of rural Kansas, will be spread across a sparsely populated landscape.
Unlike traditional satellites that sit roughly 22,000 miles out into space, Starlink satellites beam data from a mere 340 miles above the Earth. Theoretically, these low-Earth orbit satellites could provide even better speeds than wired internet because light travels 50% faster through the vacuum of space than it does through the glass of fiber-optic cables.
So far, SpaceX has launched about 1,000 satellites floating above a thin strip of the U.S.-Canadian border. Kansans should be able to try Starlink for themselves later this year when SpaceX activates another belt of satellites over the Midwest.
But travel three states to the north of here, and that internet future already exists.
The speeds and the latency theyre advertising appear to be holding true, said North Dakota Chief Technology Officer Duane Schell. So, yeah, theres a lot of excitement about it.
Schell is talking with SpaceX about testing Starlink in state parks and wildlife management areas in North Dakota, where Starlink satellites already cover most of the state. But he also sees it as a way to shore up the future of the states rural economy, from telecommuting to high-tech farming.
Without that broadband, Schell said, youre simply not going to be able to compete.
The space rush
Starlink isnt alone on the mission to bring satellite broadband to remote places like western Kansas. Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos hired a former SpaceX executive to lead his companys satellite internet venture, Project Kuiper. HughesNet, already a major satellite internet provider in rural America, partnered with OneWeb to power a network of 650 satellites by the end of this year.
Derek Smashey, a financial analyst with Scout Investments in Kansas City, said satellite internet could eventually serve 15-20% of the population. So, Starlinks $99 monthly fees could cover the projects estimated $10 billion price tag.
It looks to us like that could be a $20 billion-plus dollar market just in the United States alone, Smashey said. I wouldnt want to bet against people like Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos.
Eventually, SpaceX plans to build a constellation of Starlink satellites that deliver broadband not only to rural America, but also to arctic research stations, tanker ships at sea and other remote locations around the globe. The company has federal approval to launch 12,000 satellites and has already filed paperwork for 30,000 more 10 times the number in the sky now.
But that worries some people who like the sky the way it is.
It will be everywhere
The thought of having to see the stars through a grid of crawling satellites, thats pretty horrifying to me, said Samantha Lawler, an astronomy professor at the University of Regina in Canada. This isnt like light pollution from a city where you can go camping in the mountains and see the stars perfectly. ... It will be everywhere.
Lawler lives on a farm in rural Saskatchewan, where shes teaching classes via video using a home hotspot similar to what Joey Bahr uses in Kansas. But shes afraid that advancing our connection to the internet could come at the expense of losing our connection to the stars.
Humans have looked up at the stars since the dawn of humanity, Lawler said. Thats just such a huge part of being human that we are very much in danger of losing.
In Barton County, Joey Bahr said living in a place where his three sons can gaze up at the night sky was one of the reasons he and his wife, Anita, moved out here seven years ago. But living here means they have to connect to the internet through a cell tower a few miles away and try to stay under their data cap of 15 gigabytes per month. It would take about six of those gigabytes to stream a single two-hour HD movie.
If they go over that limit, he said their internet speeds can slow down to 600 kilobytes per second roughly 2% of the minimum speed in the federal definition of broadband.
The family reached a breaking point when their son tested positive for COVID-19 in the fall. Bahr and his wife suddenly needed to work from home, and their son used an iPad from school to keep up with his lessons. They decided to spend $200 on a second mobile hotspot just to get through the four-week quarantine.
Its a beautiful place. I love it, Bahr said of their property. Unfortunately, we are in kind of an internet no-mans-land right now.
-30-
David Condos covers western Kansas for High Plains Public Radio and the Kansas News Service. You can follow him on Twitter@davidcondos. The Kansas News Service is a collaboration of Kansas Public Radio, KCUR, KMUW and High Plains Public Radio - focused on health, the social determinants of health and their connection to public policy. Kansas News Service stories and photos may be republished by news media at no cost with proper attribution and a link toksnewsservice.org.
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How Elon Musk and a Mission to Mars Might Boost Internet Speeds in Rural Kansas - kansaspublicradio.org
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