Category Archives: Genome

What Is The Definition Of Human Genome Organisation - Medical Dictionary Free Online Terms
Visit our website for text version of this Definition and app download. http://www.medicaldictionaryapps.com Subjects: medical terminology, medical dictionary, medical dictionary free download,...

By: Medical Dictionary Online

Read the rest here:
What Is The Definition Of Human Genome Organisation - Medical Dictionary Free Online Terms - Video

What Is The Definition Of Human genome - Medical Dictionary Free Online Terms
Visit our website for text version of this Definition and app download. http://www.medicaldictionaryapps.com Subjects: medical terminology, medical dictionary, medical dictionary free download,...

By: Medical Dictionary Online

Read the original here:
What Is The Definition Of Human genome - Medical Dictionary Free Online Terms - Video

What Is The Definition Of Honey bee genome - Medical Dictionary Free Online Terms
Visit our website for text version of this Definition and app download. http://www.medicaldictionaryapps.com Subjects: medical terminology, medical dictionary, medical dictionary free download,...

By: Medical Dictionary Online

See the rest here:
What Is The Definition Of Honey bee genome - Medical Dictionary Free Online Terms - Video

What Is The Definition Of H flu genome - Medical Dictionary Free Online Terms
Visit our website for text version of this Definition and app download. http://www.medicaldictionaryapps.com Subjects: medical terminology, medical dictionary, medical dictionary free download,...

By: Medical Dictionary Online

Go here to see the original:
What Is The Definition Of H flu genome - Medical Dictionary Free Online Terms - Video

NAP - Human Genome

By: USP - Universidade de So Paulo

View post:
NAP - Human Genome - Video

Uncovering Genome Mysteries project on WorldCommunityGrid.org
Dr. Torsten Thomas describes the Uncovering Genome Mysteries project on World Community Grid.

By: World Community Grid

Visit link:
Uncovering Genome Mysteries project on WorldCommunityGrid.org - Video

Scientists have sequenced the entire genome of the common housefly and say their findings should help uncover new cures for human diseases.

The fly can carry some 100 illnesses, including one that can blind.

By comparing its DNA with that of a fruit fly, the US team at Cornell University pinpointed the genes that makes houseflies immune to the pathogens they harbour.

They also found unique code that helps the fly dissolve waste, such as faeces.

Information about these genes could help us to handle human waste and improve the environment, Dr Jeff Scott and colleagues told the journal Genome Biology.

Shoo-fly

Houseflies are ideally suited to spreading disease. They have regular contact with carcasses, rubbish and other septic matter containing bacteria, viruses and other "nasties" such as tapeworms.

They enjoy some of the same food that we do, and because they are very good at evading our detection, they get plenty of opportunities to land on it (as well as on us).

It is believed that they carry so many pathogens because they feed on liquid or semi-liquid matter - often faeces. Their constant food intake, in turn, means that they need to evacuate large amounts of faeces - along with any pathogens they are carrying - whenever they land for more than a few seconds.

Unlike us, they don't get sick from this dirty lifestyle.

Original post:
Housefly Genome Offers Clue To Human Sickness

The Materials Genome, by Rampi Ramprasad
Presentation made at an IPAM workshop at UCLA Topics discussed: The Materials Genome Initiative, and Rational Polymer Dielectrics Design.

By: Rampi Ramprasad

More here:
The Materials Genome, by Rampi Ramprasad - Video

How many times have we seen Superman swoop down from the heavens and rescue a would-be victim from a rapidly oncoming train?

It's a familiar scenario, played out hundreds of times in the movies. But the dramatic scene is reenacted in real life every time a cell divides. In order for division to occur, our genetic material must be faithfully replicated by a highly complicated machine, whose parts are tiny enough to navigate among the strands of the double helix.

The problem is that our DNA is constantly in use, with other molecular machines continually plucking at its strands to gain access to critical genes. In this other process, known as transcription, the letters of our DNA are being copied to form a template that will guide the formation of proteins. But these two copying machines can't occupy the same bit of genetic track at once. Inevitably they will collide -- unless a molecular Superman can remove the transcription machinery and save the day.

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) scientists have found that this molecular Superman exists in the form of a protein known as Dicer. Better known for its role in selectively silencing genes via a process called RNA interference (RNAi), Dicer is now understood to help free transcription machinery from DNA so that replication can occur.

The team, led by Robert Martienssen, a CSHL Professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, concludes that this previously unknown function of Dicer is critical to preserve the integrity of the genome in yeast. They point out that collisions between the replication and transcription machinery lead to massive changes across the genome -- changes that are associated with aging and diseases like cancer.

Martienssen and his colleagues previously found that RNAi resolves the conflict between transcription and DNA replication in isolated areas of the genome where genes are being silenced. "When Dicer is mutated, replication stalls and DNA in the region becomes damaged," explains Martienssen. "This was a new role for a protein that we thought functioned solely in RNAi."

In work published today in Cell, Martienssen and his team explored if and how Dicer might function more broadly, across the entire genome. The team, including lead authors Stephane Castel, Ph.D., a graduate of the CSHL Watson School of Biological Sciences, and Jie Ren, Ph.D., a postdoctoral researcher, found that Dicer participates in the release of transcription machinery throughout the genome. "Dicer's function isn't restricted to silenced genes," explains Ren. In fact, it controls the release at hundreds of extremely active genes.

"These are genes that are in constant use by the cell -- we call many of them 'housekeeping' genes because they are required for basic survival," says Castel. At any given time, transcription machinery can be found near these genes. Without the help of Dicer, this machinery is headed for an almost certain collision when replication occurs.

Are these collisions really so catastrophic for the cell? The team found that the accidents cause massive segments of DNA to be lost with each cell division. "These chromosome rearrangements, known as genomic instability, are involved in aging and cancer," says Ren. Other groups have shown that mutations in Dicer are similarly associated with an increased risk of tumor formation. The team's discovery may help to explain these observations, according to Martienssen. "It may be that Dicer's role in cancer is to protect the genome by preventing collisions between transcription and replication."

Story Source:

Visit link:
How a molecular Superman protects genome from damage

World Community Grid - Uncovering Genome Mysteries Screensaver
Screensaver for the Uncovering Genome Mysteries project on World Community Grid. The video is a time compressed version, so that you can see changes quicker as it computes.

By: World Community Grid

See the original post here:
World Community Grid - Uncovering Genome Mysteries Screensaver - Video