Category Archives: DNA

Joel Osteen Inspirational Moment - Your Spiritual DNA
Everyone of us has potential that has not yet been released. But just like with the physical, some genes lie dormant, waiting to be activated. Don #39;t wait any...

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Joel Osteen Inspirational Moment - Your Spiritual DNA - Video

The DNA Of Airport Safety
Credit: Federal Aviation Administration http://www.faa.gov/airports/runway_safety/ Dan Cilli from the FAA #39;s Office of Runway Safety discusses the DNA of Airp...

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The DNA Of Airport Safety - Video

Dec. 30, 2013 A preliminary study led by a UPV/EHU-University of the Basque Country researcher in collaboration with the Autonomous University of Nayarit, in Mexico, indicates that weekend alcohol consumption may affect DNA.

A study begun in Mexico with the collaboration of university students analysed the effect of weekend alcohol consumption on the lipids comprising cell membrane and its genetic material, i.e. DNA. Until now, the damage to the packaging of nuclear material in the early stages of alcohol abuse has never been documented, perhaps because most of the studies are done at later stages with people who have been consuming alcohol in an addictive way for many years. The results have been published in the journal Alcohol.

The harmful consumption of alcoholic beverages is a global problem and constitutes a significant health, social and economic problem. According to World Health Organisation data, alcohol is responsible for 2.5 million deaths a year worldwide and youngsters between the ages of 19 and 25 account for 320,000 of them; it causes harm that goes beyond the drinker's physical and mental health. The effects of alcohol abuse have been mostly studied in people who have been consuming alcohol for a long time and who therefore display symptoms ranging from liver damage to various types of cancer, depression and disorders of the nervous system. That is why this study is pioneering because it deals with the effect of alcohol on young, healthy people.

The idea of studying the oxidative effect of weekend alcohol consumption came about when the researcher Adela Rendn was lecturing in Clinical Biochemistry at the National Polytechnic Institute in Mexico. Many of the students turning up for class first thing on Monday morning displayed a lack of attention and general malaise due to having drunk alcohol over the weekend. The researcher suggested to them that they should study the effects on their bodies of the weekend consumption that the students regarded as harmless. The students got involved in the project in which Jess Velzquez (Autonomous University of Nayarit, Mexico) also participated, and after completing the necessary administrative requirements and enlisting the help of various experts in surveys and analysis, the aim of the study was specified: oxidative damage caused by the consumption of alcohol beverages in young people.

The students were divided into two groups: the control group made up of the students who did not drink alcohol and the study group of those who drank at weekends. To make sure that they were healthy individuals without any other diseases or addiction that could alter the results of the study, they underwent blood tests. The age of the students ranged between 18 and 23 and the average consumption of alcohol was 118 g, a litre and a half of beer, for example. The activity of the alcohol enzyme dehydrogenase, responsible for metabolising ethanol into acetaldehyde, acetoacetate and acetone was measured. Oxidative damage is evaluated by a TBARS biochemical test (types that react to barbituric acid), and reflects the lipid peroxidation that affects the membrane due to the impact not only of the ethanol in the blood but also of the acetaldehyde produced by the action of the enzyme on the ethanol. Therefore, there are at least two means by which free radicals are formed and which can damage cell membrane integrity.

Although the researchers expected to find oxidative damage, they were surprised by the result, as Adela Rendn explained. "We saw that the ones who drank sustained twice as much oxidative damage compared with the group that did not consume alcohol," and they decided to continue with a test to assess whether the DNA was also affected: the comet test. They extracted the nucleus of the lymphocytic cells in the blood and subjected it to electrophoresis. "The interesting thing is that if the chromatin is not properly compacted, if the DNA has been damaged, it leaves a halo in the electrophoresis," which is called, "the comet tail." And in actual fact the chromatin of the exposed group left a small halo, greater than that of the control group. To be precise, the results revealed damage in 8% of the cells in the control group and 44% in the exposed group. Therefore, the exposed group had 5.3 times more damaged cells.

To be able to confirm the existence of considerable damage to the DNA, the comet tail must exceed 20 nm, and that was not the case. "Fortunately," the researcher pointed out, "but the fact is, there should not have been any damage at all because they had not been consuming alcohol for very long, they had not been exposed in a chronic way." The means by which alcohol manages to alter DNA is not yet known. The next step would be as follows: to study the re-packaging of the chromatin and the behaviour of complex mechanisms like the histones in these individuals. "When we talk about youth alcohol abuse, we are referring to youngsters who drink alcohol without having become addicted. Addiction involves a more complex issue socially and psychologically speaking. This is social alcohol abuse," said the researcher, "but which causes damage in the long term and you have to be aware of that."

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Alcohol leaves its mark on youngsters' DNA

BEIRUT Lebanese authorities have arrested a man suspected of being the leader of an al-Qaida-linked group and sent DNA samples to Saudi Arabia to crosscheck against family members to confirm his identity, officials said Thursday.

A Lebanese security official close to the investigation said the man, who was arrested Monday, is believed to be Majid al-Majid, a Saudi citizen and the commander of the Abdullah Azzam Brigades. The Sunni extremist group has claimed responsibility for several bombings, most recently the attack on the Iranian Embassy in Beirut that killed at least 23 people.

DNA samples taken from the suspect have been sent to Saudi Arabia for comparison with samples from al-Majid's relatives, the official said on condition of anonymity because he wasn't authorized to brief the media. He said results were expected later Thursday.

The Saudi ambassador to Lebanon was quoted in the kingdom's state-owned Al-Riyadh newspaper on Thursday as saying Lebanese authorities had informed him that they had arrested Majid al-Majid.

The ambassador, Ali Saeed Asiri, said Saudi officials are awaiting the DNA results to be 100 percent sure of the suspect's identity. If the tests confirm the man in custody is indeed al-Majid, then the kingdom would like him to repatriated to Saudi Arabia, Asiri said.

The ambassador also said that al-Majid's health was believed to be poor and that is why confirming his identity has taken so long. He did not elaborate.

The Saudi Embassy in Lebanon confirmed the remarks to Al-Riyadh.

Saudi Interior Ministry spokesman Mansour al-Turki said in a statement Thursday that al-Majid is among the kingdom's 85 most wanted al-Qaida suspects.

Saudi security officials told The Associated Press that al-Majid is number 70 on the list. The officials spoke on condition of anonymity because they were not authorized to speak to media.

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Lebanon sends DNA samples from al-Qaida suspect to Saudi to confirm identity of man in custody

D23 Expo 2013 - DNA of Innovation
During the last day of the 2013 D23 Expo, Imagineers had several panels. This one, entitled the DNA of Innovation, focused on how technology is being used to...

By: DAPs Magic

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D23 Expo 2013 - DNA of Innovation - Video

23andMe, FDA and DNA health profiling
YouTube (http://www.youtube.com/editor)

By: Khadija Khedraoui

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23andMe, FDA and DNA health profiling - Video

HIgh-end BEATS BY DRE MIXR vs MONSTER DNA from smorgish.com
http://www.smorgish.com.

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HIgh-end BEATS BY DRE MIXR vs MONSTER DNA from smorgish.com - Video

DNA Genetics / Big Buddha TrueCanna Genetics / Greenhouse Seeds Seminar PART 3 Cannabis Cup 2013
http://andrew.pyrah.net Thanks for watching! COMMENT and LIKE if you enjoyed the video and SUBSCRIBE to see my new videos as they are released. This video is...

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DNA Genetics / Big Buddha TrueCanna Genetics / Greenhouse Seeds Seminar PART 3 Cannabis Cup 2013 - Video

Dec. 30, 2013 DNA barcoding is used as an effective tool for both the identification of known species and the discovery of new ones. The core idea of DNA barcoding is based on the fact that just a small portion of a single gene already can show that there is less variation between the individuals of one species than between those of several species.

Thus, when comparing two barcode sequences one can establish whether these belong to one single species (viz. when the amount of variation falls within the 'normal' range of the taxon under consideration and below a certain threshold level) or possibly to two species (when the amount exceeds this level).

A recent study in the open access journal ZooKeys sequenced 388 individuals of 147 bird species from The Netherlands. 95% of these species were represented by a unique barcode, but with six species of gulls and skuas having at least one shared barcode. This is best explained by these species representing recent radiations with ongoing hybridization. In contrast, one species, the Western Lesser Whitethroat showed deep divergences between individuals, suggesting that they possibly represent two distinct taxa, the Western and the Northeastern Lesser Whitethroat.

Our study adds to a growing body of DNA barcodes that have become available for birds, and shows that a DNA barcoding approach enables to identify known Dutch bird species with a very high resolution. In addition, some species were flagged up for further detailed taxonomic investigation, illustrating that even in ornithologically well-known areas such as the Netherlands, more is to be learned about the birds that are present.

"The barcoding approach is particularly useful in musea," comments Dr. Aliabadian, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, "This illustrates the value of DNA tissue vouchers 'ready for use' from the bird collection of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden."

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DNA barcodes made of 147 bird species from The Netherlands

Dec. 30, 2013 The ability to sequence the DNA of plants and animals has revolutionized many areas of biology, but the unstable character of DNA poses difficulties for sequencing specimens in museum collection over time. In an attempt to answer these issues, a recent study of 31 target spider species from the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden, discovers that both time and body size are significant factors in determining which specimens can produce DNA barcode sequences.

The study was published in a special issue of the open access journal ZooKeys.

The specimens contained in the world's natural history museums are the basis for most of what scientists know about biodiversity. Much like libraries, natural history museums are responsible for the long term preservation of their collections while circulating loans to active scientists. Museum curation techniques were developed over hundreds of years and optimized for anatomical preservation, and are often not ideal for preserving tissues for DNA sequencing.

DNA barcoding is an approach to the study of biodiversity that involves sequencing a standard region from the genome of an unidentified specimen and comparing it to a library of identified reference sequences representing many species. The success of this approach is in part dependent on the completeness of the library of reference sequences. When building such a reference library, specimens must either be freshly collected or taken from an existing collection.

The question addressed in this study is can we predict which specimens in a museum collection are likely to yield a successful DNA barcode sequence? If so, we can optimize our resources, wisely select museum specimens to sequence, and plan fresh collections to supplement. This study focused on Dutch spiders.

31 target species that have been frequently collected in the Netherlands over several decades and deposited in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden were selected. For each target species, a series of increasingly older specimens was selected and brought to the lab for DNA sequencing. This was supplemented with freshly collected material representing nearly 150 Dutch spider species. The scientists recorded which specimens successfully produced DNA barcode sequences and which failed. They also experimented with DNA extraction techniques.

Typically, DNA extraction begins with the removal of muscle tissue; this is destructive extraction. An alternative approach is to soak the specimen in a solution that releases DNA from cells but does little or no damage to anatomy; this is nondestructive extraction. They found that failure rates for DNA barcode sequencing rise with time since collection, but body size is also a significant factor.

For freshly collected specimens overall, body size is not a predictor of sequencing success or failure. But larger species have a longer DNA barcoding shelf life than smaller species. Nondestructuve extraction techniques can significantly improve the chances of obtaining a DNA barcode sequence. Considering only the commonly applied destructive extraction method, small spiders are useful for only a few years while those with a body length of around 3 mm or more have a good chance of yielding a barcode sequence for about 20 years after collection.

But using nondestructive extraction, even small spiders with a body length of 4 mm or less have a good chance of yielding a DNA barcode sequence for about 15 years after collection while spiders above this size can yield barcode sequences for a considerably longer time. The success of nondestructive extraction demonstrated here coupled with the need to preserve museum specimens for a variety of research purposes bodes well for museum collections are source material for DNA barcode libraries.

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The value of museum collections for development of DNA barcode libraries