Category Archives: DNA

A smudge of blood on a broken window. A discarded cigarette butt. Even a used piece of toilet paper.

These are all items from which Oklahoma City police have recovered DNA evidence from burglars. Even when the criminals have not been identified and charged, their DNA profiles often are.

Scientists can now determine your entire genetic make-up in less than one day and for a price of $1,000.

The department started aggressively pursuing property crime cases through DNA evidence in 2009, said Campbell Ruddock, police DNA lab manager.

Police now routinely are handling over 500 DNA cases a year, with about a 20 percent increase each year, Ruddock said.

And upward of 360 of those DNA profiles have been charged by the Oklahoma County district attorney's office in the last five years.

Finding a match

With a good, clean sample, scientists can pin a genetic match.

A DNA profile is kind of like a combination lock. It's that specific order and combination we look for, Ruddock said.

We look at 16 points on the DNA. Anything beyond that is statistically irrelevant, he said.

Original post:
Oklahoma City police, prosecutors use DNA evidence to nab thieves

PUBLIC RELEASE DATE:

27-Jan-2014

Contact: Erin Vollick comm.ibbme@utoronto.ca 416-946-8019 University of Toronto

A team of researchers at the University of Toronto has discovered a method of assembling "building blocks" of gold nanoparticles as the vehicle to deliver cancer medications or cancer-identifying markers directly into cancerous tumors. The study, led by Warren Chan, Professor at the Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering (IBBME) and the Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research (CCBR), appears in an article in Nature Nanotechnology this week.

"To get materials into a tumor they need to be a certain size," explains Chan. "Tumors are characterized by leaky vessels with holes roughly 50 500 nanometers in size, depending on the tumor type and stage. The goal is to deliver particles small enough to get through the holes and 'hang out' in the tumor's space for the particles to treat or image the cancer. If particle is too large, it can't get in, but if the particle is too small, it leaves the tumor very quickly."

Chan and his researchers solved this problem by creating modular structures 'glued' together with DNA. "We're using a 'molecular assembly' model - taking pieces of materials that we can now fabricate accurately and organizing them into precise architectures, like putting LEGO blocks together," cites Leo Chou, a 5th year PhD student at IBBME and first author of the paper. Chou was awarded a 2012-13 Canadian Breast Cancer Foundation Ontario Region Fellowship for his work with nanotechnology.

"The major advantage of this design strategy is that it is highly modular, which allows you to 'swap' components in and out. This makes it very easy to create systems with multiple functions, or screen a large library of nanostructures for desirable biological behaviors," he states.

The long-term risk of toxicity from particles that remain in the body, however, has been a serious challenge to nanomedical research.

"Imagine you're a cancer patient in your 30s," describes Chan. "And you've had multiple injections of these metal particles. By the time you're in your mid-40s these are likely to be retained in your system and could potentially cause other problems."

DNA, though, is flexible, and over time, the body's natural enzymes cause the DNA to degrade, and the assemblage breaks apart. The body then eliminates the smaller particles safely and easily.

Link:
DNA-built nanostructures safely target, image cancer tumors

OCE ft.DNA Analyze
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DNA replication walk-through - Video

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KOTD #Blackout4 | Bishop Brigante Speaks On Fight, Says "DNA Freestyled His Entire 2nd Round"
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