Category Archives: DNA

DNA Exclusive: Gautam Adani Falls From 3rd to 7th In World`s Rich, Accused of Manipulating Market Value – Zee News

Posted: January 27, 2023 at 8:16 pm

DNA Exclusive: Gautam Adani Falls From 3rd to 7th In World`s Rich, Accused of Manipulating Market Value Zee News

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DNA Exclusive: Gautam Adani Falls From 3rd to 7th In World`s Rich, Accused of Manipulating Market Value - Zee News

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Federal DNA Database Unit LE – Law Enforcement

Posted: December 30, 2022 at 11:18 pm

The Federal DNA Database Unit (FDDU) aids investigations through hit confirmations against individuals whose profiles are in the National DNA Index System (NDIS).

Agencies submit blood or buccal (cheek) samples to the unitfrom individuals who are required by law to do so. These include individuals:

FDDU then produces a DNA profile for each of these individuals and uploads it to the NDIS, which is part of the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS).

These known DNA profiles are then searched against unknown forensic profiles from crime scenes across the country. If a match is identified, the casework laboratory can request FDDU to confirm the offender sample DNA profile.

Once the profile is confirmed, FDDU will release the subject's personal identifying information back to the casework laboratory. This information can then be passed on to investigators in the hopes of apprehending the perpetrator.Thanks to law enforcement agenciesand theirsample submissions, FDDU has uploaded over one million profiles to NDIS and has aided thousands of investigations.

Under the overall direction of the FDDU chief:

On a compliance level, the FDDU is supported by teams of DNA technical specialists and DNA program specialists who have critical responsibilities within the unit for ensuring the quality assurance and quality control of analytical testing, as well as conformance of database operations with established procedural requirements.

Administratively, the unit is supported by a team of management and program analysts with responsibilities for budgetary execution, procurement, inventory, and logistical applications. The unit relies heavily upon an information technology team to support the unit network and overall infrastructure backbone that drives the various operational applications.

From a technology perspective, a DNALaboratory Information Management System (LIMS) is critical for the automated development of specimen works lists, controlling the stepwise progression of each sample through the entire analytical process. The FDDU uses robotic systems in the laboratory to achieve high-throughput processing, allowing for a day-through-evening uninterrupted workflow without human intervention and maximum operational efficiency. A sophisticated software analysis tool (expert system) permits an automated review of resulting DNA data with a reduced level of scientist intervention, increasing throughput rate while consistently meeting or exceeding required performance measures.

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Federal DNA Database Unit LE - Law Enforcement

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Will Applied DNA Sciences Inc (APDN) Beat the Rest of the Stocks in the Healthcare Sector? – InvestorsObserver

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Will Applied DNA Sciences Inc (APDN) Beat the Rest of the Stocks in the Healthcare Sector? InvestorsObserver

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Will Applied DNA Sciences Inc (APDN) Beat the Rest of the Stocks in the Healthcare Sector? - InvestorsObserver

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DNA Structure | Biology Dictionary

Posted: December 28, 2022 at 11:20 pm

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules are nucleic acids, which are the information-carrying molecules of the cell. DNA molecules are polymers and are made up of many smaller molecules, called nucleotides. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogenous base.

DNA molecules consist of two DNA strands, which are twisted around one another to form a spiral shape known as the double helix. The double helix structure of DNA was first discovered in 1953 by James Watson, Francis Crick, and Rosalind Franklin.

DNA molecules are found in the nucleus and store the genetic code; that is, all the information required for an organism to function.

DNA molecules are polymers, which means they are large molecules made up of many smaller molecules. The small molecules that make up DNA are called nucleotides.Each nucleotide contains a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (called deoxyribose), and a nitrogenous base.

There are four types of nitrogenous bases found in DNA molecules. These are:

The order of the nucleotides in a DNA molecule is known as the DNA sequence or genetic code. The genetic code determines which instructions are encoded in the DNA molecule; for example, how to make a certain type of protein. Nucleotides are strongly linked together by phosphodiester bonds, which form between the 3 carbon atom of one sugar molecule and the 5 carbon atom of another.

The nucleotides that make up DNA are joined together like a long string of beads, called a DNA strand. Each DNA molecule contains two DNA strands, which are twisted around one another to make a spiral-like shape called the double helix.

Together, the phosphate groups and sugars form the sugar-phosphate backbone, which makes up the outside of the DNA molecule. The nitrogenous bases point inwards, like the rungs of a ladder, and are joined together in base pairs.

The base pairs of DNA are:

The two strands of the double helix run in opposite directions to one another, meaning that the 5 end of one strand faces the 3 end of the other. This is called the antiparallel orientation, and it is essential for successful DNA replication.

The double helix structure of DNA was first discovered in 1953 by James Watson (an American Biologist), Francis Crick (an English Physicist), and Rosalind Franklin (an English Chemist). Though only Watson and Crick were credited with the discovery of the double helix, they are believed to have made their discovery with the help of Franklins data. Franklin was an expert in an imaging technique called X-ray crystallography, which she used to produce the first ever image of the helical shape of DNA.

Watson and Crick were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work in 1962. Despite her contribution to the discovery, Franklin was not awarded the prize, having died of cancer four years earlier.

DNA and RNA are very similar molecules. Both are types of nucleic acid, both contain genetic information, and both can be found in the nuclei of cells. The structure of RNA nucleotides are also similar to those of DNA; both contain a phosphate group, a sugar molecule, and a nitrogenous base.

However, there are some key differences between DNA and RNA molecules.

Whereas DNA contains deoxyribose, RNA contains a different type of sugar molecule, called ribose. They also contain slightly different nitrogenous bases. Though both DNA and RNA contain adenine, guanine, and cytosine, RNA contains uracil instead of thymine. And, unlike DNA, RNA molecules are usually single-stranded.

DNA and RNA molecules also have slightly different functions.

DNA molecules store the genetic information of a cell, which is used to carry out the functions of the cell. RNA is used to transfer this genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes (the cell organelles used to make proteins).

DNA replication is a process in which two identical DNA replicas are produced from a single DNA molecule. It is an essential part of cell division, which is necessary for the growth and repair of damaged tissues.

DNA replication ensures that each new daughter cell receives a complete copy of the organisms genetic information. This allows each new cell to function correctly, and the organism to thrive.

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DNA Structure | Biology Dictionary