Category Archives: Censorship

Tuesdays Internet outage in China is dividing experts over what caused the networking error, with authorities calling it a hacking attack, and others blaming it on the countrys censorship systems.

The outage briefly crippled the Internet in China, with many local websites inaccessible to users. User traffic was mysteriously redirected to a U.S.-based IP address belonging to a company that has hosted software capable of circumventing Chinas online censorship.

The networking error, which only lasted a few hours, affected at least two-thirds of Chinas websites, according to Qihoo 360, a software security vendor in the country.

On Wednesday, local authorities said a preliminary investigation found that a hacking attack caused the outage. Chinas National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team is continuing to investigate the matter.

On the same day, Chinas state-controlled Xinhua News Agency published a story quoting security experts whodemanded authorities do more to protect the nations Internet infrastructure.

Others experts, however, believe the error may have been caused by a glitch in Chinas notorious censorship systems, also known as The Great Firewall.

China routinely blocks sites with content critical of the nations government, including Facebook, Twitter, and The New York Times. Tuesdays Internet outage, however, rerouted traffic to an IP address belonging to Dynamic Internet Technology, a U.S. company whose site is also blocked by authorities.

DIT could not be reached immediately for comment. But the companys clients include The Epoch Times, a publication banned in China. It also hosts Freegate software that can help Chinese Internet users view sites blocked in the country.

Some are speculating that hackers hijacked a root DNS (Domain Name System) server in China to reroute all user traffic, said GreatFire.org, a group that monitors Chinas Internet and opposes the nations censorship.

But in a Wednesday posting, GreatFire.org dismissed such claims, noting that a public DNS server operated by Google had also been affected by the networking error. During the outage, users trying to access the Google DNS server from China were also rerouted to the IP address from Dynamic Internet Technology.

See the article here:
China blames Internet outage on hacking attack

A mysterious glitch in China led to one of the biggest-ever Internet blackouts on Tuesday, forcing massive volumes of Chinese Web traffic to U.S. servers belonging to a firm with a long history of protesting the government in Beijing and evading its censors.

The disruption, which crippled service for most of Chinas roughly 600 million Internet users, began abount 3 p.m. in Beijing (2a.m. EST) and lasted as long as eight hours, according to Compuware, a Detroit-based firm that monitors Web performance.

The official China Internet Network Information Center said the disruption was probably the result of a hacking attack, but Internet experts said that the cause appears to have been a flawed effort by Chinese Web censors part of what is known as the Great Firewall of China to block sites the government deems subversive.

But instead of censoring, the government appears to have momentarily shut down much of the countrys access to the Internet by mistakenly directing all of that Web traffic to servers controlled by Dynamic Internet Technology, a U.S. software company founded by anti-censorship activist Bill Xia.

Xia said in an e-mail that the disruption, which crashed his servers, was caused by Chinas hijacking system, which is part of Chinas Great Firewall. Xia, who moved to the United States from China in the late 1990s, sells software and services to Voice of America, Radio Free Asia, the U.S.-based organization Human Rights in China and Epoch Times, a newspaper published by the Falun Gong religious group.

This incident both communicates the fragility of the Chinese Internet but it also reminds us how robust and resilient their censorship has been, said James Mulvenon, director of Defense Group Inc.s center for intelligence research and analysis.

The Great Firewall works in myriad ways to control what Chinese Internet users can see online, from obstructing searches on sensitive topics such as the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests to blocking entire Web sites, such as social media sites Facebook and Twitter.

The Chinese government blocks sites by exploiting a weakness in the infrastructure of the Internet. Lets say a user is trying to reach a site by entering the domain name for instance, Facebook.com into a browser. Ordinarily, that request gets sent to whats known as a DNS server, which matches the domain name to an IP address, a series of digits that computers can use to identify each other.

Internet experts say Chinas Great Firewall works by redirecting traffic to erroneous or fake IP addresses. But in the case of Tuesdays glitch, something seemed to go wrong.

A massive amount of traffic was diverted to 65.49.2.178, an IP address affiliated with Xias Dynamic Internet Technology, a group whose work is routinely censored by the Chinese government.

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China accuses hackers for Internet disruption; experts suspect censors

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