Category Archives: Space Travel

THE BACKGROUND: Captain Kirk aka William Shatner finally made it into space, part of the new wave of civilian travelers sponsored by names like Bezos, Musk and Branson who are slipping the surly bonds of Earth 10 years after NASA's shuttle program ended. But there are big differences.

What does entrepreneurial space travel have in common with its more nation-focused counterpart, and what are the contrasts? How are corporate space jaunts changing the face of the trip?

Here, one Associated Press journalist and expert involved in the coverage reflects on the story and her own experiences.

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MARCIA DUNN, AP aerospace writer since 1990:

This year it was surreal to see ordinary people being escorted to the launch pad to blast into space. I mean, I've seen the astronauts, the professionals, the cosmonauts I've been to Baikonur to see the Russians launch people but seeing ordinary people just go out to the launch pad, climb into a rocket and blast into orbit, thats what happened in the Kennedy Space Center here. First time in the U.S. where paying customers blasted into orbit. And I have to say, yes, the guy leading the charge is a rich guy who paid for the entire flight, but he took three ordinary people with him. And that was just really just I was just standing here amazed, shaking my head seeing science fiction turn into science fact.

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It was just remarkable to be on site when Jeff Bezos climbed aboard his own rocket to become the first person in the world to fly his own rocket and to take along his brother, right? And two others, the oldest and the youngest people in space. Its just mind-boggling. And I really think that the doors to space are finally being opened. Right now. Yes, for those who can only afford it or who were lucky enough to be picked in a lottery or who maybe have the right connections. But this is the way forward, and its just really an exciting time to be covering the space program.

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Yes, there are angles, I mean, product placement, for instance, just like in the movies certain candies that were taken up on some of these flights and readily identified. The champagne popping after the touchdown. The champagnes were identified. You've never seen NASA hawking products like that even though I must say now they are becoming more and more open to this idea. So theres that kind of thing.

Theres a lot more vulnerability in the way the these these private people are. You know, theyre not pretending to be totally brave gladiators going off into the arena. They admit to their vulnerabilities. At the same time, however, access is sometimes limited. When NASA sends a crew up, generally we get to talk to them with interviews before and afterward. That is not always the case with private people.

Most famously, after the Bezos launch. I was one of dozens of reporters in a hangar waiting for a news conference after the flight, and almost the entire news conference was devoted to essentially the marketing ticket sales woman for the company asking all the questions. I think there were only a couple of questions from reporters. I didnt get a chance to even ask. So thats the flip side because it is private. There is no need for anybody to talk to journalists unless they want to. You have to wonder even down the road, perhaps these companies won't even be compelled to say whos flying on board. Its private information. Not necessarily having to be divulged.

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Who wasnt excited about Captain Kirk going into the into space at the age of 90, for goodness sakes? Just today, we had a Japanese billionaire who took his own personal assistant with him. They just rocketed into and docked at the space station, just a few minutes ago. I think that the boundaries of who goes up from where are going to start to blur. ... And the goal, of course, is to go beyond low Earth orbit get to the moon, to space. Elon Musk is not going to be happy until hes got people on Mars. So, no, were not at the Jetsons. We may never be at the Jetsons where we all have our little spaceships and go from home to work like so many of the movies portray. But, man, I mean, who would have thought of this just 10 years after the end of the shuttle program? I drove into the Kennedy Space Center this morning, and one of the old bar and grills sort of a greasy spoon kind of place for decades was called Shuttles, right? They just changed hands. And the big sign up in Shuttles is now Galaxy, So thats now where were headed.

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For a full overview of the events that shaped 2021, A Year That Changed Us: 12 Months in 150 Photos, a collection of AP photos and journalists recollections, is available now: https://www.ap.org/books/a-year-that-changed-us

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2021 Notebook: Billionaires and the space race - The Independent

We invite you to join us in our Movement - to inspire, to trail-blaze and to win. We are relentless with our mission to continue to inspire the new generation of girls and women for space travel, dreams of walking on the moon and making spaceflights accessible to humanity.

LONDON (PRWEB) December 14, 2021

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World's First NFT Collection To Send Holder On A Spaceflight & Advocates Women In Space - PR Web

China's Yutu 2 lunar rover recently spotted something intriguing on the far side of the moon, but it'll take the vehicle a few months to reach the object for a closer look.

Yutu 2 photographed a strangely cube-shaped rock last month, during the robot's 36th lunar day of activities. The rover drive team estimates that the object, which has been dubbed the "mystery hut," to be around 260 feet (80 meters) away. That doesn't sound far, but it'll take careful planning and effort by the Yutu 2 team to cover that distance safely.

Despite having a top speed of 656 feet (200 m) per hour, Yutu 2 has so far covered just 2,950 feet (900 m) or so since landing in Von Krmn crater in January 2019.

Photos: Here's what China's Yutu 2 rover found on far side of the moon

One major reason is that Yutu 2 isn't active most of the time. The solar-powered spacecraft cannot operate during the 14.5-Earth-day-long lunar night, nor for roughly 24 hours after sunrise and before sunset. Yutu 2 also stays still during lunar noon, as temperatures at that time can reach 260 degrees Fahrenheit (127 degrees Celsius).

And the complexity of route planning and execution and meeting science goals leave less time for actual driving. Phil Stooke, professor emeritus and adjunct research professor in the Department of Geography and Institute for Earth and Space Exploration at the University of Western Ontario, has followed Yutu 2's activities closely.

While Soviet Lunokhod moon rovers covered much greater distances Lunokhod 2 traveled 23 miles (37 kilometers) across the lunar surface in 1973, for example they did so under very different circumstances and with different science goals.

"Soviet engineers drove the Lunokhods 'live' with TV images showing the scene ahead. Their maximum drive in a single shift was 3,000 meters [9,843 feet]. But China has been much more cautious and has adopted a style of driving like that used on Mars," Stooke told Space.com.

"After a drive, the rover takes images for a full stereoscopic panorama, and the team on the ground make a topographic map showing obstacles and slopes all around the rover," Stooke said. "They analyze the map and choose a path for the next drive. This limits them to a maximum of about 8 to 10 meters [26 to 33 feet] per drive, and it all takes time."

Yutu 2 needs to avoid numerous craters that could trap the vehicle. The rover also carries science payloads, including panoramic cameras, a near-infrared imaging spectrometer and ground-penetrating radar, and frequently stops to collect data with this gear.

Requiring a relay satellite for communications due to operating on the far side of the moon, which never faces the Earth is another potential factor in limiting Yutu 2's speed.

And shutting down around noon is no surprise, Stooke noted. "Apollo astronauts had to land just after dawn and leave before it got too hot, with things like their rover unable to operate around lunar noon," he said. "Mars is a much more benign environment."

China's Zhurong Mars rover has already covered nearly 4,265 feet (1,300 m) since landing on the Red Planet this past May, using partially autonomous driving due to the extensive light-time delay.

On the "mystery hut" itself, Stooke has mapped Yutu 2's travels, but it is difficult to know where exactly the object is. "It is hard to be sure about any feature in these images being the 'hut,' which makes me think it is small, only about 1 meter [3 feet] across, and only looks special because it's right on the horizon."

Yutu 2 was due to complete its 37th lunar day late on Dec. 10. An update from China will reveal how much closer Yutu 2 has managed to travel to the object since the image was captured during lunar day 36.

"I think China has done a great job operating this rover for almost three years. The whole process is very difficult," Stooke said.

Yutu 2 is part of the Chang'e 4 mission which, like its name suggests, is China's fourth moon mission and the second to deliver a rover to the lunar surface. The Chang'e 1 and Chang'e 2 missions were orbiters, with Chang'e 3 landing on the near side of the moon with the first Yutu rover. China has also launched the Chang'e 5 T1 test mission around the moon and the Chang'e 5 moon sample return mission.

Chang'e 6 will attempt a lunar sample return from the far side of the moon around 2023-24.

Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom or on Facebook.

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Why will it take China's Yutu 2 moon rover so long to reach lunar 'mystery hut'? - Space.com

Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa (left) with cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin

Apart from the 32 countries that UberEats operates in, the food delivery chain has now expanded to space, having recently served meals to hungry astronauts at the International Space Station! Yes, you heard it right.

Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa, who ticked off space as one of the holiday destinations from his bucket list, carried an Uber Eats parcel loaded with Japanese dishes in the Soyuz spacecraft for his Expedition 66 crewmates.

The ready-to-eat canned food, which included a beef bowl cooked in a sweet sauce, boiled mackerel in miso, chicken with bamboo shoots, and braised pork, became a welcome break from traditional space food for the astronauts.

"One small handoff for Yusaku Maezawa, one giant delivery for UberEats!" said Uber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi in a statement. "We're over the Moon to have helped make our first successful delivery to space. Maezawa gets a thumbs up on this delivery, even though it took a bit longer than the usual 30 minutes to arrive."

Maezawa made this delivery on December 11, after a nearly 400-kilometre-long journey that took almost nine hours to complete. He plans to stay aboard the ISS for 12 days.

Meanwhile, the company is celebrating the space delivery success back home by handing special discounts to the Earthlings, using the promo code SPACEFOOD.

Watch the Japanese billionaire make this out-of-the-world delivery:

The entrepreneur has also been in the news for purchasing all the SpaceX tickets for the next scheduled tourist spaceflight around the Moon in 2023. While space travel is currently accessible only for physically fit people, the scenario may change in the years to come, he believes.

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UberEats' Billionaire Delivery Associate Brings Food to the International Space Station! | The Weather Channel - Articles from The Weather Channel |...

Baikonur, Kazakhstan, Dec 7 (Reuters) - Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa said he could barely contain his excitement a day ahead of blasting off to the International Space Station in a prelude to a more ambitious trip around the moon with Elon Musk's SpaceX planned in 2023.

The 46-year-old fashion magnate and art collector has been training at a space centre outside Moscow in recent months before becoming the first space tourist to travel to the ISS in more than a decade.

Maezawa will travel aboard a Soyuz spacecraft, which will launch from the Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on Wednesday, accompanied by his assistant Yozo Hirano, who will document the journey, and Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin.

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Speaking from Baikonur ahead of his 12-day space journey, Maezawa said flying into space had been a childhood dream.

"I'm excited. I feel like an elementary school student about to go on a outing," Maezawa said at a news conference. "I didn't think I would be able to go to space. I used to like the starry sky and heavenly bodies. I feel fortunate to have this opportunity and to finally fulfil my dream."

The billionaire has been chronicling his preparations, including demonstrating his space suit and riding a centrifuge, in social media posts, with plans to post more from space.

During his 100 days in training, Maezawa said he had enjoyed parabolic flight, where weightlessness is induced for short periods on an adapted plane, but found training in a spinning chair tough.

The entrepreneur, who was wearing a blue flight suit with a badge reading "world peace", said he had struggled to learn Russian to communicate with his trainers and looked forward to eating sushi when he returns to Earth.

Maezawa will become the first private passenger on the SpaceX moon trip, as commercial firms including Jeff Bezos' Blue Origin usher in a new age of space travel for wealthy clients.

The billionaire, who sold his online fashion business Zozo (3092.T) to SoftBank in 2019, is searching for eight people who will join him in his moon voyage in 2023, requiring applicants to pass medical tests and an interview.

Maezawa has become a household name in Japan through his penchant for private jets and supercars, cash giveaways to Twitter followers and celebrity girlfriends in a country known for its conformist, corporate culture.

Maezawa will be the first Japanese private citizen in space since TV journalist Toyohiro Akiyama visited the Mir space station in 1990.

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Reporting by Shamil Zhumatov in Baikonur; Additional reporting by Sam Nussey in Tokyo and Gabrielle Ttrault-Farber in Moscow; Editing by Ana Nicolaci da Costa

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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Japan billionaire Maezawa to fulfil childhood dream with space flight - Reuters

Space travel will only be a game for rich people if its cost can not be reduced, said a founder at a Chinese rocket launch startup on Friday.

If every trip to space costs $1 million, it wont be a commercial market, Cheng Wei, founder of Chinese space company Rocket Pi said at the Beyond Expo event held in Macau on Friday. (our translation).

Cheng said that the first step for the commercial exploration of the universe would be sending animals into space.

We first have to develop the ability to send lifeforms other than humans, like cells or primates, to travel in space to gather data before human exploration can be fully achieved, said Cheng.

Companies in the emerging market also have to consider regulatory challenges, the entrepreneur said. This is a long march and we still have a lot of hurdles to overcome, he added.

Co-founded by Zhuang Fengyuan, an academic at the International Academy of Astronautics, Rocket Pi is among the early movers in the private space exploration sector in China, developing and operating space launch systems for in-orbit experiments for biopharmaceutical studies.

The company is currently on track to launch a biological payload carried by a satellite, called Sparkle-1, later this month, and put several more into orbit next year, Cheng told TechNode. It has set a long-term goal of building a space lab to enable human space travel after 2025.

China has just started constructing its own space station and the countrys research in space life sciences is still at an early stage, Cheng said. He added that there is significant work to be done in helping commercial space travel become a reality, such as reducing the acceleration load for less experienced space travellers so that they can have a safer, smoother ride.

In April, China began building its first permanent space station, Tiangong-1. SpaceX, the aerospace company founded by Elon Musk,made history in September by successfully launching the first orbital flight with four amateur space travelers, marking the first time that an all-civilian crew reached space.

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Beyond Expo | Chinese rocket launch startup pioneer explains the future of space travel - TechNode

New commercial space company coming to Cape Canaveral

In an exclusive interview, FOX 35 News spoke with a new company that will bring more launches to the Space Coast. Astra hopes to launch its first rocket from Cape Canaveral next month.

CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. - SpaceX who? Now, theres another player in town. Astra Space Inc. is yet another private company launching from the Space Coast. Its a clear sign that the space industry is booming.

Just one month after its successful commercial launch for the Space Force, Astra Space Inc. announced its coming to Cape Canaveral.

"We can service more customers, more launches, more inclinations and to be able to do it from a place that is certainly the gold standard for space travel, its very exciting for us," said Matt Ganser, vice president of business operations for Astra Space, Inc.

Theyll be launching from the Space Coast for the first time in January.

"Theyre a small launch company with a small vehicle to put small launch satellites into orbit. Thats a new part of the growing industry," said Space Florida Vice President Dale Ketcham.

Ketcham says their smaller satellites are less expensive to put into orbit, and thats helped them operate at lightning speed.

It took less than a year for the Space Force to approve and prepare the launch site for the new commercial partner.

Astra Space says its the fastest privately-funded company in history to reach space.

"We have an informal motto that were going for which is daily space delivery. We think the Space Coast could be a really large part of that," Ganser said.

Ketcham says more companies operating from the Space Coast means more launches, and more launches means more business in the long run.

"If were able to convince them that this is the place they really want to be, then theyll make the investment and more sustained infrastructure that will enable them to establish permanent jobs here."

"Companies like Astra or if its like Cape Canaveral that make space travel more affordable, that make launch services more affordable for everybody, that is going to transform our planet in a really positive way," Ganser said.

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Another private company to launch rockets from Space Coast in 2022 - FOX 35 Orlando

Jeff Bezos laughs as he speaks about his flight on Blue Origins New Shepard into space during a press conference on July 20, 2021 in Van Horn, Texas.

Joe Raedle/Getty Images

Jeff Bezos left his fellow humans on Earth for about 15 minutes in July when he shot himself up to the edge of space. But that doesn't mean he's leaving his home planet behind.

On Monday, the founder of Amazon announced a $443 million donation to organizations focused on climate justice, nature conservation, and tracking climate goals. Bezos' organization, the Bezos Earth Fund, wrote in a press release that it awarded 44 grants to organizations that fit that criteria, including $140 million to President Joe Biden's Justice40 initiative, which helps fight climate change in disadvantaged communities, along with $51 millionto support land restoration in the US and Africa.

These grants are part of Bezos' $10 billion commitment to his Earth Fund to fight climate change funds of which he promised would be fully disbursed by 2030.

"The goal of the Bezos Earth Fund is to support change agents who are seizing the challenges that this decisive decade presents," Andrew Steer, President and CEO of the Bezos Earth Fund, said in a statement. "Through these grants, we are advancing climate justice and the protection of nature, two areas that demand stronger action."

As the world's second richest person, Bezos has been using his money to not only fight the climate crisis his fund gave $791 million to 16 climate organizations last year but to venture into space. On July 20, Bezos boarded a rocket made by his aerospace company Blue Origin and spent about three minutes in outer space a form of travel, and way of life, he anticipates will become the norm.

"Over centuries, many people will be born in space. It will be their first home," Bezos said during a recent conference. "They will be born on these colonies, live on these colonies. Then, they'll visit Earth the way you would visit, you know, Yellowstone National Park."

After his space flight, Bezos also expressed the need to preserve the Earth and move the "polluting industry to space," adding that his quick trip "reinforces my commitment to climate change, to the environment."

"We live on this beautiful planet. You can't imagine how thin the atmosphere is when you see it from space," Bezos said in July. "We live in it, and it looks so big. It feels like, you know, this atmosphere is huge and we can disregard it and treat it poorly. When you get up there and you see it, you see how tiny it is and how fragile it is."

The billionaire has been criticized for focusing too much on outer space when there are many pressing problems down here on Earth. Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren, for example, recently criticized Bezos for his fixation on space travel while managing to avoid paying his fair share in taxes.

"The richest guy on Earth can launch himself into space while over half the country lives paycheck to paycheck, nearly 43 million are saddled with student debt, and child care costs force millions out of work," Warren tweeted. "He can afford to pitch in so everyone else gets a chance."

But Bezos responded to claims he doesn't focus enough on pressing issues on Earth, saying at the same conference that those critics miss the fact that "we need to do both, and that the two things are deeply connected."

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Jeff Bezos donates over $400 million to help save the planet he blasted off from just months ago - Markets Insider

Imagine one day a satellite falls back to Earth carrying something it didnt leave with: a microscopic stowaway unlike anything life on Earth has ever encountered. After realizing that Earth can supply it with everything it needs, it rapidly begins a search for the best possible environment to multiply in and food to eat, which could be anything from the bloodstream of the dominant species on the planet to plastics.

This scenario the plot of The Andromeda Strain by Michael Crichton reflects a fear that likely dates back, in some form, to the ending of The War of the Worlds by H.G. Wells: that the effects of biological contamination are the real danger in space travel, far more dangerous than the threat of, say, flying saucers.

In a paper recently published in Bioscience, Anthony Ricciardi, of McGill University, and his coauthors discuss the risk of planetary cross contamination. The paper details how the risks of interplanetary cross-contamination dont just run one way, and how we might come to better understand and handle the problem.

The authors point to a new interdisciplinary field of study known as invasion biology as a guide to understanding the problems facing us as we begin to venture out into the cosmos with plans to bring objects home with us. It focuses on what happens when an organism moves beyond the area it evolved in and then works forward.

The field, while new, has some interesting ideas about how invasions of this kind might play out. For example, it proposes that:

But, what would an extraterrestrial biological invasion look like?

First on most peoples minds is the problem of some kind of space germ getting back here after, perhaps, hitching a ride on rock samples collected from the surface of another world. Such a thing, called forward contamination, could be disastrous if the introduced organism makes its way into an environment where it can thrive.

But this effect could go both ways. In 2019, the Israeli lunar lander Beresheet crashed on the Moon with cargo that contained, among other things, dormant tardigrades. Tardigrades, also known as water bears, are tiny organisms that are able to endure extremely inhospitable conditions, including the vacuum of space. While their arrival on the Moon was caused by an accident, the risk of such accidents can never be lowered to zero.

Now, imagine that happening but on Mars, where there is still some discussion about the ability of bacterial life forms to survive under its surface, or on Europa, whose subterranean sea may be home to multiple forms of life. The effects of an invasive species from Earth could be catastrophic on these alien ecosystems.

Luckily, concerns about biohazards in space have existed for decades and were considered in the 1967 Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies. One clause of that treaty instructs parties to be guided by the principle of cooperation and mutual assistance and conduct exploration of them so as to avoid their harmful contamination and also adverse changes in the environment of the Earth resulting from the introduction of extraterrestrial matter and, where necessary, shall adopt appropriate measures for this purpose.

Space agencies have adopted precautions since that was signed. The Apollo 11 astronauts famously were unable to enjoy a cake prepared for their return to Earth because they had to quarantine in a specially built trailer. NASA was so concerned about the possibility of Moon germs that the trailer had a lower pressure than the building around it to ensure that air, and any bacteria, would flow into the trailer rather than out of it.

It has been proposed that we know a bit more about biohazard control than we did in 1969, though there is room for doubt. The authors of the paper suggest that protocols for early detection, hazard assessment, rapid response, and containment procedures currently employed for invasive species on Earth could be adapted for dealing with potential extraterrestrial contaminants.

And before you worry too much about an invasion of little green microorganisms, the odds of any contamination of this kind are thought to be very low, because the distances and extreme conditions of the travel from one astronomical body to another are likely to kill off most stowaways. But very low isnt zero: The authors suggest that, as space travel becomes more common, our standards for biological security should be improved.

So, while the problem of keeping contaminants away from Earth and any place we decide to travel to in the near future is being addressed, there is more we can do to keep everything where it belongs. Until tickets to Europa start going on sale, you dont have too much to worry about.

Maybe wash your hands extra long after a trip to space to be safe, though.

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Invasion biology: Why intelligent alien life is not the biggest threat from space - Big Think

Blue Origin is located in Van Horn, a town with just over 2,000 residents. The space travel company not only focuses on sending people off to space, but also on those who live there in particular, Van Horn students from pre-K all the way through college. There will be several of the engineers or different programmers,theyll come out to work with our little ones, in kindergarten,help them out with their postcards, said Ken Baugh, the superintendent of Culberson County Allamoore Independent School District.Theyre very good abouthow they teach them to think critically, plan.

For the older students, they hope to influence them to stay in Van Horn, and work at Blue Origin. The involvement of Blue Origin volunteers is helping to introduce kids to STEM education at an early age, and shows them their dreams can be as infinitely big as space.

They came to us and said they would like a mailbox. Wed like you to design and build a mailbox. They were with us every step of the way, because you need to know how to build something like this. And so they did that project and we now have a mailbox to space, the superintendent said.

The Blue Origin volunteers have started robotics projects, as well as creative design projects for the older students. These give students a chance to learn about the advanced science that the Blue Origin workers do. One of the more notable projects is when Blue Origin asked Van Horn students to design and build a mailbox that would hold letters and postcards to send off to space and back. They are very serious about how do we design a pipeline from high school to Blue Origin, Baugh added.

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As Blue Origin prepares for the third space flight, it is creating the next generation of scientists. - BollyInside