Category Archives: Roulette

The famous turning wheel with the numbered pockets famously called the Roulette in the gambling field. But you would be surprised to know that it was not made for this purpose at all! And it could be even older than well-known lotteries.

Did you know there are two types of Roulette wheels? What is the difference between them? Is Online Roulette available? All these questions are answered in this blog.

The answer to this question lies between yes and no. But more towards the yes side.

The famous physician Blaise Pascal invented the wheel as a working model of the perpetual motion machine. Then later in the 18th century, the revolution became an inspiration for the first-ever Roulette wheel. This game, later on, went to modify. There have been different versions of the origin of the game throughout the world.

The main difference between these two is the number of zeros or green zones.

The American Roulette has double green pockets: 0 and 00. It has a total of 38 pockets, which includes 1 to 36 numbered ones and two zero pockets.

The European Roulette has a single green pocket: 0. It has overall 37 sacks, which includes 1 to 36 numbered ones and a single zero pocket.

The French family of Blancs created the single zero roulette. They established a casino in Monte Carlo after Germany banned gambling. Thus, they made the European Roulette. On the other hand, the double zero systems remained unchanged in the United States.

Not to forget, an extra pocket in the American Roulette gave a more significant edge to the House.

The 1920s was an era when the casinos made a considerable fortune out of fooling gamblers. The antique Roulette tables of that era are an existing proof of the fact.

That era was an era of gangster rule. Top criminals and their gangs ruled the cities. They owned casinos, and unfair tricks were used to gain profits. The Roulette tables prove the fact that the croupiers diverted the ball using a pin. The pin was smartly placed and thus invisible to the players on the table.

There is a possibility that people knew about it, but remained silent due to fear. The House made profits, and the gamblers went bankrupt. This tradition went on for years.

Later, when legislation and law got involved, gambling was made legal. But, there were specific rules and regulations imposed.

Official committees were set up to maintain the records and keep an eye on the casinos. Roulette hence became a game based on probability and luck.

Roulette was initially played only in casinos, and people had to go there personally to play. But with the evolving technology, online platforms took the place of all the activities and games.

The casino games also shifted towards online platforms more. Since there were chances of fraud in casinos, there were increasing online sites and mobile applications.

Gclub Slot is one such platform where you can play the game of Roulette without moving out of your house. The online platform is verified, authorised, and secure.

GClub Slot believes in providing the best features for its users. It has been known worldwide and has members from all over the world. The transactions are quick and safe on GClub. There is no misuse of the users personal data and information.

Online gambling sites have not substituted casinos as such. It is just an alternative for those who do not have a casino in their vicinity. People who are adventurous and want to try a hand at gambling can easily access verified sites like Gclub Slot.

These contact details will help you get to know more about GClub:

Continued here:

When did Roulette start and how has it evolved? Film Daily - Film Daily

TodayTix, theatre-focused ticket resale marketplace with ties to Broadway producers, has announced its acquisition of Broadway Roulette, a transaction which closed in April. The deal will leave Broadway Roulettes website intact, rather than folding it in to the TodayTix system directly.

According to the release announcing the acquisition, Broadway Roulette make[s] it fun and easy to see a Broadway show (or shows!) by removing the pain points of traditional ticket-buying. Consumers can enter a date, number of tickets, and several of their preferences regarding things they like and dont like, and the algorithm will pair them to tickets to a show that fits the bill ranging from $49-99 per seat, depending on cyustomer settings. Availaiblity reportedly includes sold out shows among its offerings, meaning the chance of a jackpot ticket for far below market price exists.

Our aim is to gamify the ticket-buying experience so that more people see more shows, more often, says Broadway Roulettes Elizabeth Durand Streisand. The system tracks user transaction history, and promises to never send them to the same show more than once.

Broadway Roulettes existing management team, which counts Megan OKeefe and Ali Sytsma as well as Durand Streisand, will be retained in the move to the TodayTix umbrella.

As a business were on a mission to find a seat for everyone, says TodayTix CEO Brian Fenty. That oftentime requires finding new audiences through innovative technologies and unique, but established, communities. Liz and her team have created a business that sits at the corssroads of both, leveraging complex (but fun!) technology with audiences who buy in non-traditional ways. Most importantly, though, the team was exceptional, and were always looking to bring new voices to our organization.

The announcement comes close on the heels of the announcement of the return of Broadway with full capacity crowds in September of 2021.

The full press release of the aquisition is included below:

May 6 New York We are pleased to share that TodayTix Group has acquired Broadway Roulette. As part of the deal, which closed in mid-April, Broadway Roulette will retain its own branding and website, while joining the larger suite of TodayTix Group products.

Founded in 2016, Broadway Roulettes mission is to make it fun and easy to see a Broadway show (or shows!) by removing the pain points of traditional ticket-buying. The platform allows customers to specify a date, number of tickets, and preferences about what they like (and dont) and Broadway Roulettes proprietary algorithm pairs them with tickets to a surprise show that matches their criteria, all for a low, flat price. (Currently, tickets range from $49-$99 depending on customer settings.) Every show on Broadway is in play, giving customers a chance to land jackpot tickets to sold-out shows, and Broadway Roulette tracks the shows a customer has seen and never sends them to the same show twice.

TodayTix CEO Brian Fenty said, As a business, were on a mission to find a seat for everyone. That oftentimes requires finding new audiences through innovative technologies and unique, but established, communities. Liz and her team have created a business that sits at the crossroads of both, leveraging complex (but fun!) technology with audiences who buy in non-traditional ways. Most importantly, though, the team was exceptional, and were always looking to bring new voices to our organization.

Our aim is to gamify the ticket-buying experience so that more people see more shows, more often, said Broadway Roulette cofounder Elizabeth Durand Streisand. We have always admired TodayTix as a driver of innovation in the theater industry. We believe that joining TodayTix Group will allow Broadway Roulette to expand our innovative model to other geographies and verticals, while strengthening our capabilities and reach within Broadway.

Broadway Roulettes team, including Elizabeth Durand Streisand, Megan OKeefe, and Ali Sytsma will move over with the company.

Go here to see the original:

TodayTix Announces Acquisition of Broadway Roulette - TicketNews

The World Under-18 Hockey Championships have long been an introduction to the wider hockey world for young players looking to make their mark. Winnipeg native Conner Roulette used it that way this year, but two members of the Estevan Bruins needed no introduction to him.

Forwards Griffin Asham-Moroz and Brandon Ambrozik played for the Winnipeg Thrashers in 2018-19 alongside Roulette. While both were talented offensive players and put up big numbers, they both trailed behind Roulette, who put up an astonishing 88 points in 43 games.

"It was absolutely insane," Asham-Moroz recounted. "I would watch the kid go out and have a four-point night and come off looking like he wasn't even sweating. It was absurd, absolutely absurd."

It's hardly surprising Roulette went to the Seattle Thunderbirds of the WHL not long afterward, where he put up 39 points in 54 games as a rookie. After posting 12 points in 11 games this year for Seattle, he put up five points in seven games at the U18s. One of his goals was fit to give anyone who played AAA with him deja vu.

"In AAA, no one would be able to take the puck off of him, and if you did take the puck off him, he would come back two seconds later, lift your stick, take it back, and go the other way," Asham-Moroz said. "I heard there was one goal where the defenseman was coming out of his own zone and he (Roulette) took the puck from him and just ripped it. My mom said it was exactly like he would do in AAA."

Asham-Moroz is no stranger to having teammates appear on Sports Centre ("Jayden Davis, thank you very much," he said). But having a former teammate go in the first round of the NHL draft would be a new experience, and there's a chance Roulette makes that happen.

"Honestly, it's not going to surprise me," said Asham-Moroz. "He's a pretty big name in Winnipeg, lots of people know him. It's been no surprise in Winnipeg for a while that he's going to do something in hockey."

If Roulette does become a first rounder, it would be the second year in a row a Bruins player has seen an ex-teammate go in the first round after Braden Schneider, a former teammate of Kade McMillen, went in round one of the draft last year. For Asham-Moroz, it would mean a former linemate (albeit briefly) had made the jump.

"I played with him for the first six games of the year, then our coach switched it up," he said. "It was insane. I've never seen a kid who is two years younger than everyone else he's playing against but is somehow better than them. He's just somehow better. He has two years on me and he's so much more developed than I am. He's got a gift for hockey."

See the original post:

"It Was Absurd": Bruins Forward Asham-Moroz Recounts Playing With U18 Gold Medalist - Discoverestevan.com - DiscoverEstevan.com

Evolution Gaming is a leading name in the live casino gaming industry. It is safe to accredit Evolution Gaming Casino with revolutionizing the casino gaming industry. Established in 2006, the company has exponentially grown and is the leading name in the industry. As of 2017, Evolution Gaming touched EUR 1.6bn capitalizations. It is owing to its immense popularity, many top casino gaming such as LeoVegas, ComeOn! Casino, Genting Casino, BetVictor, and Royal Panda have incorporated the Evolution Gaming software.

Evolution Gaming currently has more than 7000 employees. Jens von Bahr and Fredrik Ostenberg are the co-founders and Martin Carlesund is the CEO of Evolution Gaming. It is a public limited company, meaning that one can access detailed information about its revenue generation. In January 2019, the companys revenue touched 259 million and increased to a whopping 383.5 million, a nearly 48% jump in a single year.

As of 2019, Evolution Gaming broadcasted their live dealership games from Malta, Canada, and Latvia. Each of these gaming locations has many games in common, but not all. The studio in Canada hosts live Blackjack and Roulette but not Casino holdem.

The Evolution Gaming software supports a variety of games that include the following:

The tables set by Evolution Gaming have variants for almost every game. These tables majorly have two different variants:

In addition to this, a third and popular category is the table where the dealers talk to the players in the latters native language. Such a practice creates an environment of calmness as you have someone with whom you can have conversations in your native language.

The upper limit of the table wage varies based on factors, including the game, the jurisdiction, and the table. However, most tables permit you to play for as high as 5,000 for Blackjack and a more elevated amount for Roulette.

Apart from the ever-blooming growth of Evolution Gaming, its compatibility and ease in integration are the two main reasons behind it is widely accepted.

Evolution Gaming fits in with almost all software solutions. Most casinos that use Evolution Gaming also use software that is a virtual gaming casino from a different software provider.

As far as compatibility is concerned, the live dealer games hosted by Evolution Gaming can be live streamed and played from almost all devices, including laptops, tablets, smartphones, desktops, and television sets. iPad, iPad mini, and iPad Air of all generations, Android tablets from manufacturers Sony, Nexus, and Samsung, iPhones of all ages, and Android Smartphones from major manufacturers support live streaming and playing on Evolution Gaming Casino. Most all the devices and models that connect to the internet support Evolution Gaming.

Integrity and compatibility are the two main reasons why most live casino Playstations prefer utilizing Evolution Gaming Casino. Besides those, there are a set of advantages for players.

1. Bonus

Evolution Gaming Casino integrates with individual casinos giving them freedom over promotional structure and bonuses. Live casino bonuses, contests and cash giveaways attract a good number of players.

2. Instant Play

An instant play gives players ease of access. They must have Adobe Flash software installed on their devices. It will enable players to shift from one live game to another hassle-free.

3. Fair and just

Evolution Gaming Casinos are, without a doubt, fair and just. You can witness the entire game live. Evolution Gaming has had eCogra and TST audit its fairness in gameplay to build trust with its players. Players can see these audit reports by clicking on the seals below each casino supported by Evolution Gaming.

Evolution Gaming is regulated and licensed by the following bodies:

The following bodies have certified Evolution Gaming:

Evolution Gaming has some of the most outstanding gaming features for players, according to online casino 12bet. Here is a list of the few:

Evolution Gaming is famous for obvious reasons. It comes with several outstanding features, unlike most of its peers. It offers a variety of games and gaming options. Most renowned casino audits have given it excellent reviews. So go ahead and try your luck out!

Read this article:

The growth of Evolution Gaming Casino - PVP Live

If you are looking to spice up your vacation or have a perfect weekend getaway with a good dose of gambling, then your next casino trip should be to the United States of America.

If you are a resident of the land of opportunity, then it's all the better for you.

The United States houses the best casino destinations in the world. American states like Nevada, Mississippi, New Jersey, Connecticut, and several others feature top casinos that will give you pure gambling entertainment for your real money.

These gambling places offer a wide range of slot machines and table games like roulette, blackjack, and poker in a safe and attractive gambling environment.

Even when you get tired of gambling, you will find several attractions like shows, displays, spas, and shops at these resorts that will keep you entertained. Here are some of the best casinos to visit in the United States.

Bellagio Las Vegas Nevada

Bellagio is one of the most famous and best casinos in the world.

This casino's main attractions are elegant aesthetics, a slot pool with massive jackpots, and high-stakes poker.

The classy atmosphere at Bellagio makes it a happening place for society's creme de la creme.

Borgata Hotel Casino and Spa Atlantic City

The Borgata resort is the star attraction of Atlantic City when it comes to casino gambling.

The casino features over 3,000 gaming machines, attractive decor, and a modern spa.

Eat sumptuous and delicious food at restaurants like The Marketplace Eatery, The Angeline by Micheal Symon for great steaks, and Noodles of the world for the best-cooked noodles.

Wynn Las Vegas

You can only have your best Sin City weekend casino getaways at Wynn. This luxury resort offers players and tourists a great deal of fun in and out of the gambling arena.

It also features tropical foliage, five-star Tower Suites with separate swimming pools, and fine dining at its restaurants like the Wing Lei.

MGM Grand Hotel and Casino Las Vegas

Having operated on the strip for several decades, the MGM Grand Hotel is one of the best places to gamble in Las Vegas.

MGM offers a wide range of casino games like slot machines and card tables for both average and high roller players on its enormous expanse of land.

Caesars Atlantic City

Your best casino tours shouldn't end without you visiting this Roman-inspired resort at Atlantic City.

Not only does Caesars Casino offers several high-quality gambling entertainments, but it also features a 900-foot-long pier Playground where you can access their bars, shops, and restaurants.

Treasure Island Las Vegas

Located directly on the strip, you will be able to enjoy a wide range of table games, video poker, slots, poker, and sportsbook.

The resort features a variety of top-notch restaurants like Phil's Italian Steakhouse and Senor Frogs Las Vegas. Guest rooms at Treasure Island give you a perfect view of the Las Vegas mountains and the strip.

Foxwoods Resort Casino, Connecticut

Foxwoods Resort is the pride of the Connecticut gambling industry. Foxwoods Resort spans 340,000 square feet, making it one of the biggest casinos in the world.

Its ample gambling space boasts a wide range of casino games like Roulette, slot machines, and Poker.

Mohegan Sun Casino Connecticut

Mohegan Sun is also another grand casino located in Connecticut. Like its counterparts, Mohegan Sun covers a large area.

It offers everything you need in an excellent resort ranging from a vast collection of slots, poker rooms, and table games to top-notch restaurants like Bobby Flay's Bar American.

WinStar World Casino Oklahoma

You don't have to go to Las Vegas for a great gambling experience; Oklahoma offers it too! With over 500,000 square feet, WinStar World is one of the biggest casino and entertainment hubs in the whole world.

The casino offers lots of slot machines, numerous table, and bingo games. The resort also hosts several events and competitions.

WinStar World Casino is the biggest casino in the United States. Located in ThackerVille, Oklahoma, the resort seats over 600,000+ square of land. WinStar is also renowned for its large number of slot machines, table games, restaurants, and exclusive events.

Other notable mentions include Foxwoods Resort Casino, Mohegan Sun Casino, San Manuel Casino, and Riverwind Casino.

According to the GBGC (Global Betting and Gaming Consultants) 2015 report, the Wynn by Steve Wynn is the wealthiest casino in terms of revenue.

The casino records an overwhelming number of players annually due to its plethora of amazing offers like over 2,000 slot machines, 165 table games, and an exclusive Michelin-starred Chinese restaurant.

In 2014 alone, Wynn recorded an income of 0.69 billion dollars.

While gambling at a land-based casino is exciting, it has some limitations that you can easily bypass if you play online.

For instance, you don't have to leave your home to gamble at an online casino; since casino sites offer all the features, you'd expect to find at a physical casino and more.

Most online casinos are also compatible with mobile devices, allowing you to play anywhere and anytime.

In addition, online casinos usually offer a wider variety of games than brick-and-mortar casinos.

Sometimes, you will have to search through rows of slot machines at land-based casinos before you find your favorite game or wait your turn at table games.

However, thanks to the easily navigable layout of online casinos, you can effortlessly search and play your favorite game.

Most importantly, online casinos feature live casino games that give you a realistic casino experience right from home. These games allow you to play against real dealers in real-time, and you can also chat with the skilled dealers through a live chat feature.

So with all these exciting features, do you need to spend that much money on visiting a land-based casino? When you can play at new online casinos USA and have the time of your life!

The United States houses some of the best land-based casinos in the world. These top-notch casinos are renowned for their significant number of games, world-class restaurants, and other great features.

However, if you want a more comfortable and anonymous experience, you can have your fill of online gambling with many reputable online casinos in the United States.

See the article here:

Best casinos to visit in the US - FTNnews.com - FTNnews.com

Pioneering content provider for the gaming industry, Pragmatic Play, has extended its relationship with Kaizen Gaming, one of Europes fastest-growing operators, to provide two verticals to the leading European community.

Customers will now be able to play Pragmatic Plays impressive live casino products through Kaizen Gamings iconic Stoiximan and Betano brands, which include the game show-style Mega Wheel and the exciting ONE Blackjack.

Pragmatic Plays slot items will now be available to Stoiximan customers through direct integration, allowing players to enjoy Pragmatic Plays Drops and Wins offering, as well as other promotional resources in the Enhance toolkit.

Vice President of Malta Operations at Pragmatic Play, Lena Yasir, said: Were very pleased to partner with one of Europes leading operators in Kaizen, as we take two verticals live across two leading brands.

Yasir further stated that Pragmatic Plays ability to extend collaborations so rapidly and seamlessly is a true testament to the depth of the companys offering, and the company looks forward to continuing to collaborate for a long time.

Kaizen Gaming has been pleased with Pragmatic Plays slot offering, so the company is excited to not only take their games through direct integration but also to add its outstanding Live Casino offering.

RNG Casino Manager at Kaizen Gaming, Dimokratis Papadimos also commented on the partnership by stating that Kaizen Gamings customer-centric approach prioritizes providing the best possible experience to those who entrust Kaiyen Gaming with their entertainment, and cooperation with Pragmatic Play has proven to be beneficial in this regard.

The business is looking forward to a long and fruitful friendship with them.

Christos Mavridis, Live Casino Manager at Kaizen, added: Pragmatic Plays Live Casino portfolio adds incredible value with its thrilling content and dedication to creating amazing igaming experiences, so were delighted to add that for our customers.

This agreement marks the providers continued commercial expansion into European regulated markets, utilizing Kaizen Gamings presence in Greece, Portugal, Romania, Germany, Cyprus, and Brazil.

Earlier in April Pragmatic Plays Live dealer portfolio games, including iconic games like Mega Wheel and Mega Roulette, as well as the providers well-known table games and new game-show-inspired titles, were made available to LuckyDays players.

Novibet and GGpoker customers already enjoy Pragmatic Plays Live Casino portfolio.

Novibet consumers are able to expand their gaming tastes even further by getting access to exclusive products that combine action with a nostalgic, TV-like look, promoting the suppliers cross-sell potential.

While GGPokers online casino also offers Pragmatic Plays Live Casino goods, including Mega Wheel and Mega Roulette, Pragmatics first game show-inspired games.

Random multipliers can be applied to any bet on any spin in the games, giving consumers the opportunity to increase their winnings.

GGPoker will sell the suppliers classics, such as Baccarat, Roulette, and Blackjack, as well as its Live dealer games, including ONE Blackjack and the soon-to-be-released Dragon Tiger.

In addition, to live casino and bingo games, Pragmatic Play currently publishes up to five new slot titles per month, all available via one single API.

More:

Pragmatic Play and Kaizen Gaming Extend Their Partnership - GamblingNews.com

Todays Pick 4 Midday results are in. Here are the winning numbers for Tuesday May 11, 2021

Ready to check your lottery ticket against the Pick 4 Midday results? We have you covered. Born2Invest instantly streams your Pick 4 Midday results at the end of every drawing.

Your Pick 4 Midday results for Tuesday May 11, 2021 are as follows:

Did you get lucky today or not? Remember, you can come back to this page shortly after each draw in order to find out if you are holding the winning numbers.

Incredible lottery opportunities you can play right now:

Need more options? Dont disregard games like Lightning Roulette, which features has a hand-crafted wheel, an immensely engaging and educated live vendor, and the full exhibit of roulette wagers. Additional options would be American Roulette, which is played on a wheel which presents 38 numbers containing boxes 0 and 00 or European Roulette. The European roulette wheel has 37 divisions, where numbers from 1 to 36 and 0 can be found.

They say you have a better chance of getting struck by lightning than at winning the lottery. If the math is right, the odds of winning in a pick-6 game is 1 in 14 million. Is it ever worth playing, or is it just a waste of money?

If youre looking for strategies on how to win, youll find that a lot of these tips dont work. Thats because, at the heart of it, the lottery is largely influenced by probabilities. But fear notyou can still follow these:

Did you know that?

Celebrities, authors and journalists have mused about the lottery for centuries. Among a sea of quotes, here are a couple of great ones about the lottery:

People would love to be rich, but theyre looking for the easy way. Who wouldnt want to win the lottery? Just to score. Bryan Cranston

My first audition was for a commercial for the lottery. I didnt get it, so I hate the lottery. Kat Dennings

Originally posted here:

Breaking Pick 4 Midday news: we have the winning numbers for today, Tuesday May 11, 2021 - Born2Invest

The Basic Principles of Roulette and How to Master Them

Roulette is an interesting game that combines strategic thought and depth of gameplay. There are many reasons why you would want to study the game of roulette and try to find yourself in a position where you are mastering its more subtle aspects. Before you play any type of roulette, though, we recommend that you take a look at Roulette 77, where you will find some of the best games and thorough information about each separate type of roulette.

Armed with this knowledge, you can take on some of the biggest challenges in roulette and make casinos wow at your abilities to anticipate risky outcomes, hedge against the house edge, and generally deliver a performance that impresses even casual onlookers. There is a lot to roulette than meets the eye, and it's good to know these subtleties of the gameplay yourself.

House Edge and How It Works

House edge is always a fun bit of the experience. It's there to sort of balancing the scales, although admittedly in favor of the casino. Now, this is nothing to actually feel too worried about as a good roulette player knows that the house edge is not perfect.

Yes, it will probably guarantee the casino winnings in the long term, but do you know what's between now and the long term? There are the short and mid-term. This gives you a fair bit of time to test strategies and show the casino that it doesn't hold all the cards.

Of course, it's always better to pick versions of roulette that have a slightly better overall house edge, making it much easier for you to enjoy your entire experience.

Master the Betting Strategies

Roulette is more or less a game of skill and a game of chance. These two components will allow you to make informed decisions while, at the same time, finding new ways to beat the game. Of course, no strategy is perfect.

After all, the house edge will catch up to you sooner or later. But let's focus on the strategies. The ones we have in mind are quite useful and time-tested. They have stood the collective community test and are here to help you.

Popular roulette strategies that seem to have a high success rate here include Martingale, Fibonacci, and Labouchere, to name just a few. Players are quite welcome to use any of those and make sure that they stick to them down to a T.

Control Your Spending and Bankroll

The next thing you want to keep an eye out for is how you spend your money. Plain and simple, you want to always make sure that you commit the correct amount of money and never go overboard, no matter how much you want to.

It's always best to be smart about your spending when playing roulette. Set a budget aside and make sure to stick to it. There will be cases when you would feel like you should be getting more, but the only case this is the case is when you actually have an additional bankroll that you have accumulated through winnings.

Don't Forget Roulette Bonuses.

Roulette bonuses are honestly a lot of fun. You can use them and a strategy to really win a little more as you play along. Players are very welcome to have a shot at all sorts of bonuses, but in our opinion, it's always best to stick with the one that gives you the best play conditions.

The best bonuses will offer you a swift and easy playthrough and make sure that you are allocating sufficient funds for you to enjoy worthwhile gameplay through and through. Finding a great bonus may take a while, but it's worth it. Even then, make sure that you pick the right version of roulette and stick to the tested strategies no bonus can make up for this!

(guest post)

Visit link:

Find Out More about the Core Principles of Roulette and Win - India West

Roulette is one of the most popular casino games of all-time, but its also one whose exact origins are still debated by historians today.

Having existed for centuries, this wheel-based game is now a staple in both brick-and-mortar and digital casinos alike. In fact, its become so associated with casino gaming that it features highly in books, movies, and television shows, regardless of whether theyre actually set in a casino or not.

But, how exactly did roulette become so popular? And why are there now different versions of the game, each having different rules?

In this article, well be delving into the history of roulette and looking at the impact that this relatively simple casino game has had on the world of digital casino gaming.

And Even-Odd, Birbi, Hoca, and Ace of Hearts.

All five of these now largely forgotten historical games, at some stage or another, have been considered to be the inspiration for what would later become roulette. With the exception of Roly-Poly, however, the only similarity between the casino game and these particular variants is that theyre played using the 36 numbers that are found on the roulette wheel.

Roly-Poly, a 17th-century game popular in England, was played on a wheel that had more than a passing resemblance to the wheels at the centre of roulette, however this game used even/of markings instead of those familiar 36 numbers.

There is another, more popular, theory about the origins of roulette and that is that it was invented in France sometime during the 17th century. Roulette is, of course, French for little wheel, so this is a theory that many modern historians have tried to prove. They remain, however, none the wiser about when roulette actually first started to be played or who was even responsible for creating it.

One line of thought is that the game was first invented by a mysterious French monk, who invented it as a way to stay entertained during lonely stretches in the monastery. However, roulette has largely been attributed to a certain Blaise Pascal, the renowned 17th-century mathematician and scientist.

Pascal was obsessed with the ideal of building a machine that would never stop moving, his perpetual motion machine. He may not have been successful but, according to historians, one of his numerous attempts to build such a machine resulted in a basic version of the French roulette wheel.

For around a century or so, roulette was played underground in France on the same wheel that was attributed to Pascal back in the late 1600s. While it surged in popularity throughout the country, a roulette revolution was just around the corner that would see it conquer Europe and even save the fortunes of a struggling principality.

In 1842, Francois and Lois Blanc made a minor addition to the roulette wheel that would change the way the game was viewed and offered by casinos forever. The brothers added a zero to the table, which effectively secured a house edge, or profit, to casino owners or anyone running the game.

Pretty soon, roulette would make its way to the uber-fashionable Monaco and gamers would flock in their droves to place a wager on the wheel in the palatial Casino de Monte-Carlo.

During the 19th century, Monaco suffered significant economic failure, but the success of roulette amongst the gaming elite generated a substantial income for the principality and helped cement its reputation as a glamourous destination for thrill-seekers and pleasure hounds.

Naturally, the roaring success of roulette throughout Europe meant that it was just a matter of time before it become en vogue in America, too. So, not long after Monaco fell under the games spell, it was shipped across the pond to become a staple in US casinos and gaming houses.

The development of roulette in America had yet another transformative effect on the game.

The house edge granted by the addition of the 0 to the table wasnt enough for US casino owners, so one more number was added a double zero which generated an even higher house edge.

Meanwhile, the style of playing roulette in the New World was a lot more fast-paced than the leisurely pursuit it had been in Monte Carlo and Europe. While such behaviour was largely unthinkable in European casinos, in America, both players and operators were known to find ways to rig the outcome of the game in their favour.

This led to the wheel being placed on top of a makeshift platform to prevent any devices being hidden underneath that would influence the outcome.

Modern roulette is comprised of three different variants

As a result of roulettes expansion across the US, there are now three different ways to play roulette still in practice all across the globe.

The original European variant features a wheel and felt table with the numbers 0 to 36 where active players in the game to place their chips. The felt table is printed with the numbers of the wheel, and a selection of betting options to the bottom and right side of the wheel numbers creating outside or inside bets. This means that players can make bets on single numbers, or on groups such as:

In the French variant, outside bets (those outside the 1-36) are still offered but the table has a slightly different layout and additional rules that have a dramatic effect on both the odds and payouts of a game.

The first rule, la partage, happens if a player makes an outside bet and loses to the ball on zero. In this instance, the player would be given half of their initial bet back.

The second rule, en prison, again occurs when a player loses to the ball on zero only this time, they are offered a second option (alongside la partage) to make the same bet again. If a player accepts, their bet is then locked en prison and should they lose, they will forfeit their bet.

Then theres the American variant with its extra 00. While the wheel and table layout are the same as European roulette (with the exception of that double zero), the odds are vastly different in a round of this variant. The larger house edge means that single number bets only pay out 35-1 to win, despite there being a total of 38 slots on the wheel.

The development of gaming technology in the 21st century has generated a wealth of casino experiences to play and engage with online, including a wide selection of different roulette games. In fact, roulette is now at the heart of a cutting-edge digital industry that incorporates advanced technology like virtual reality into its gaming experiences.

With the iGaming industry now at a point of over-saturation, online gaming providers are thinking outside the box in terms of the type of roulette games to offer. Players today are presented with a choice of formats that integrate the latest in tech innovation with engaging gameplay.

Let's take for example 888 casino, a veteran and popular online operator in the UK, here players can take their pick from games such as European roulette, super stakes roulette or even live roulette with real dealers as well as any otheronline roulette gameavailable on their sleek website.

For a game that is now around four centuries old, roulette is just as relevant and appealing to gamers as ever.

Continue reading here:

The Roulette Revolution: from Roly Poly to Virtual Reality - FTNnews.com

Would you hire a money manager that manages your wealth on false assumptions?

It seems like a bad idea, but many people unknowingly opt for such a management style in their retirement plans.

Target Maturity Funds are one of the fastest-growing mutual fund sectors of the last decade. These passive strategies are most popular in 401k and other retirement plans with limited options and long investment time horizons.

Wall Street nicknames them set em and forget em funds because their strategy purportedly adjusts risk lower as you age. At first blush, such a strategy makes sense as risk tolerance is often a function of age.However, the purveyors of these funds fail to disclose that measuring risk is a function of the prices and valuations of assets.

Changing asset allocations based solely on the calendar is playing roulette with your financial well-being.

Target Funds are passive mutual funds run by basic algorithms. The funds slowly allocate away from stocks and toward bonds based on a target future date. For example, a fund with a 2050 target date will initially invest heavily in stocks, with the remainder in fixed income assets. As the fund ages, it reduces equity exposure leaning more toward fixed income.

The table below shows how the Vanguard family of Target funds transition from 90/10 allocation of stocks to fixed income to 50/50 as they reach the target date.

Target date funds are based on one simple thesis- as we age, we should reduce financial risks.

There is sound logic to lessening financial risk as you age. First, there are fewer years of future income and investment gains to make up for potential investment losses with each passing day. Second, for those entering or already in retirement, the stability of wealth to cover current and future living expense is critical.

Target funds fail in their complete lack of consideration for measuring risk.Equities, for example, are inherently riskier when fundamental valuations are above average and recent performance has been strong. Conversely, they are less risky at low valuations with beaten-down share prices.

To better understand the problem with allocating basedsolelyon a future date, we start with the graph below. The chart makes it appear as though the S&P 500 is a reliable growth machine. Why not have a strategy that relies on the trend continuing?

Unfortunately, for us mere mortals, with 10-30 year investing time frames, we best zoom in on the graph in shorter time horizons.

Shown below is the same graph but annotated differently. The red lines represent extended periods where the index had negative returns. The red bars quantify how long those periods lasted.

Stocks rise over very long periods, but shorter periods often see long periods of consolidation with no upward progress. If you were unfortunate to start investing in 1929, it was not until 1954 till you saw prices back at 1929s levels. But for those that started investing in 1951 or 1981, the equity market trend was primarily upward.

The start and end dates of your investment time horizon matter greatly. Blindly allocating to equities based on age and failing to account for market risks is a recipe for failure.

Quite often we hear investors state the future is unpredictable. Accordingly, they claim equities offer much better historical returns than bonds.As such, why not roll the dice on history and go all-in on equities.

No one can tell you with any certainty what stocks will do tomorrow or next month. However, looking further into the future, market returns become easier to forecast. The graph below shows stock returns become increasingly dependent on valuations as the investment horizon increases.

The next graph shows 10-year rolling returns on the S&P 500. The simple takeaway is that returns are cyclical.

Periods in which equities are overpriced with high valuations are followed by periods with lower returns.Conversely, periods when stocks are cheap, are often followed by periods of strong returns.

To better stress the point, the following graph compares ten-year forward annualized returns to 10-year prior annualized returns. Quite often, the two lines mirror each other. For example, for the ten years ending March of 2009, the market returned -6% annually. The annual return for the next ten years was over +14%.

Now we focus on fundamental valuations, or how much investors are willing to pay for future earnings.

The following graph shows when valuations are low, forward returns tend to be higher and vice versa.

To further illuminate the strong correlation between valuation and returns, we present the same graph above but with the right-hand Y-axis (returns) in inverse order. Again, the higher the valuation, the lower the returns in the following ten years.

In almost all cases, aversion to risk should increase with age. The problem is that target funds do not assess risk, just your supposed tolerance to risk. There have been multiple times in history when valuations and prior returns were well above average. At these times, a 30-year-old with a passive equity-based strategy should have reduced their equity exposure. Conversely, there are times in history when prices and valuations were so beaten down that a 70-year-old should have had high exposure to equities.

We picked on equities in this article, but the same logic applies equally to bonds and most other asset classes.

Today, valuations stand at extreme highs. We should expect annualized equity returns of zero or even below zero based on the regression of historical returns and valuations. If your wealth is actively managed, current high exposure to equities is fine. The advice assumes you or your manager is aware of the risks and ready to act if necessary.

Most 401ks offer their participants many alternatives alongside target funds. For those that elect to take passive strategies, like target funds, we strongly advise that you assess your risk profileandthat of the markets and invest accordingly.

Twitter: @michaellebowitz

Any opinions expressed herein are solely those of the author, and do not in any way represent the views or opinions of any other person or entity.

More:

Are Investors Playing Roulette With Their Retirement? - See It Market