Category Archives: Neurotechnology

News Release

Monday, May 3, 2021

NIH BRAIN Initiative-funded study opens the door to correlating deep brain activity and behavior.

Researchers are now able to wirelessly record the directly measured brain activity of patients living with Parkinsons disease and to then use that information to adjust the stimulation delivered by an implanted device. Direct recording of deep and surface brain activity offers a unique look into the underlying causes of many brain disorders; however, technological challenges up to this point have limited direct human brain recordings to relatively short periods of time in controlled clinical settings.

This project, published in the journal Nature Biotechnology, was funded by the National Institutes of Healths Brain Research Through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative.

This is really the first example of wirelessly recording deep and surface human brain activity for an extended period of time in the participants home environment, said Kari Ashmont, Ph.D., project manager for the NIH BRAIN Initiative. It is also the first demonstration of adaptive deep brain stimulation at home.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices are approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration for the management of Parkinsons disease symptoms by implanting a thin wire, or electrode, that sends electrical signals into the brain. In 2018, the laboratory of Philip Starr, M.D., Ph.D. at the University of California, San Francisco, developed an adaptive version of DBS that adapts its stimulation only when needed based on recorded brain activity. In this study, Dr. Starr and his colleagues made several additional improvements to the implanted technology.

This is the first device that allows for continuous and direct wireless recording of the entire brain signal over many hours, said Dr. Starr. That means we are able to perform whole brain recording over a long period of time while people are going about their daily lives.

The implications of this type of recording are significant. The brain activity patterns (neural signatures) normally used to identify problems such as Parkinsons disease symptoms have traditionally been recorded in clinical settings over short periods of time. This new technology makes it possible to validate those signatures during ordinary daily activities.

If you ever hope to use in-hospital recordings to modify a disease state through adaptive stimulation, you must show that they are also valid in the real world, said Dr. Starr.

Another advantage to recording over long periods of time is that distinct changes in brain activity (biomarkers) that could predict movement disorders can now be identified for individual patients. Roee Gilron, Ph.D., a postdoctoral scholar in Dr. Starrs lab and first author of this study, explained that this allows for a level of customized DBS treatment that was impossible to achieve previously.

Because we are able to build a biomarker library for each patient, we can now program each DBS unit according to a patients individual needs, said Dr. Gilron. This includes personalized stimulation programs that adapt as the patients needs change throughout the day.

One important consideration that arises is the ethical implication of (nearly) all-day brain recording. Since its beginning, the NIH BRAIN Initiative has recognized the importance of addressing potential ethical considerations pertaining to the development and use of devices that record or modulate brain activity. For instance, the NIH BRAIN Neuroethics Working Group is a group of experts in neuroethics and neuroscience that serves to provide the NIH BRAIN Initiative with input relating to neuroethicsa field that studies the ethical, legal, and societal implications of neuroscience. Alongside funding for neurotechnology research, the Initiative also funds research on the ethical implications of advancements in neurotechnology.

We have had patients approach us with concerns regarding privacy, said Dr. Starr. Although we are not at the point where we can distinguish specific normal behaviors from brain activity recording, it is an absolutely legitimate concern. We have told patients to feel free to remove their wearable devices and to turn off their brain recordings whenever they engage in activities they would like to keep private.

The patients were also invited to participate in NIH BRAIN Initiative-funded neuroethics projects looking to identify concerns about this new technology (MH114860). In addition, individuals who opted out of the implant project were interviewed about their decision. As recommended by a recent BRAIN 2.0 neuroethics report, this information will be used to develop ethical guidelines and protocols for future projects to achieve a healthy balance between discovery and privacy.

One unforeseen benefit of this study was that, because it required little to no direct contact with clinicians following surgery, it was ideally suited for the social distancing that is crucial during the COVID-19 pandemic. The technologies used for remote patient monitoring and telehealth were originally designed for the convenience of study subjects, but they have broader applications to other research projects that have been stalled due to COVID-19.

The technologies we developed and used to communicate and work remotely with our patients can also allow those who do not live close to a clinic to receive over the air updates for their devices and telehealth visits from their neurologists as they manage increasingly complex DBS devices, said Dr. Gilron.

The importance of studying behavior in a natural environment such as the home as it relates to neural activity was emphasized in a recent BRAIN 2.0 neuroscience report. Dr. Ashmont stressed that this study is a significant step in that direction and is going to help scientists understand not only disorders but also the neural representation of behaviors in general.

This research was funded by a grant from the NIH BRAIN Initiative (NS100544).

The NIH BRAIN Initiativeis managed by 10 institutes whose missions and current research portfolios complement the goals of The BRAIN Initiative: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, National Eye Institute, National Institute on Aging, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute on Deafness and other Communication Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.

NINDS(http://www.ninds.nih.gov) is the nations leading funder of research on the brain and nervous system.The mission of NINDS is to seek fundamental knowledge about the brain and nervous system and to use that knowledge to reduce the burden of neurological disease.

About the National Institutes of Health (NIH):NIH, the nation's medical research agency, includes 27 Institutes and Centers and is a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIH is the primary federal agency conducting and supporting basic, clinical, and translational medical research, and is investigating the causes, treatments, and cures for both common and rare diseases. For more information about NIH and its programs, visit http://www.nih.gov.

NIHTurning Discovery Into Health

Gilron, R. et al., Chronic wireless streaming of invasive neural recordings at home for circuit discovery and adaptive stimulation.Nature BiotechnologyMay 3, 2021. DOI:10.1038/s41587-021-00897-5

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Originally posted here:

Researchers wirelessly record human brain activity during normal life activities - National Institutes of Health

Vancouver, British Columbia--(Newsfile Corp. - May 3, 2021) - The global Neurostimulation Devices Market will be worth USD 13.70 Billion by 2027, according to a current analysis by Emergen Research. The growth of this market can be attributed to the growing incidence of health disorders due to unhealthy lifestyle habits is expected to drive the growth of the neurostimulation devices market. Recent developments in neurotechnology are resulting in the rapid utilization of neurostimulation therapies in treating patients suffering from neurological disorders. The economic development and increasing Healthcare Budgetary Allocation in developing countries is expected to drive the growth of the neurostimulation devices market.

The high cost of the neurostimulation devices and the presence of alternative therapeutic procedures is most likely to hamper the demand for neurostimulation devices over the forecast period. Adverse effects and risks associated with neurostimulation devices such as allergic reaction or prickling of skin might restrict the utilization of the neurostimulation devices. Moreover, Stringent government regulations on device approval might act as a barrier to the growth of the market.

Claim Your FREE Sample Copy with Table of content @ https://www.emergenresearch.com/request-sample/349

Key Highlights From The Report

Key companies include Boston Scientific Corporation, St. Jude Medical, Medtronic, Neuronetics, Inc., Codman & Shurtleff, Inc., Nevro Corporation, Intrapace, Abbott Laboratories, LivaNova PLC, and Bayer AG, among others.

In September 2019, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved Abbott's Proclaim XR recharge free neurostimulation platform for people living with chronic pain. The approval helped Abbott to secure a higher market share and increase its neurostimulation devices product portfolio.

Deep Brain Stimulators held the second largest market share of 19.8% in 2019. The rising incidence of neurological disorders among the rising global geriatric population is expected to boost the demand for Deep Brain Stimulators.

Urinary and Fecal Incontinence is expected to register steady growth over the forecast period. Increasing utilization of the sacral nerve stimulators for the treatment of Urinary and Fecal Incontinence is expected to drive the growth of the neurostimulation devices market.

North America accounted for the largest market share of the Neurostimulation Devices market in 2019 due to the improved healthcare system and government funding for the research and development of neurostimulation devices.

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Story continues

Emergen Research has segmented the global Neurostimulation Devices Market on the basis of Product, Application, and region:

Product Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2017-2027)

Application Outlook (Revenue, USD Billion; 2017-2027)

Click to access the Report Study, Read key highlights of the Report and Look at Projected Trends: https://www.emergenresearch.com/industry-report/neurostimulation-devices-market

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Neurostimulation Devices Market Worth USD 13.70 Billion by 2027: Rising Geriatric Population, Coupled with Increasing Prevalence of Neurological...

Leerink Partners analyst Richard Newitter maintained a Buy rating on Stryker Corporation (NYSE:) on Wednesday, setting a price target of $290, which is approximately 10.42% above the present share price of $262.63.

Newitter expects Stryker Corporation to post earnings per share (EPS) of $0.80 for the second quarter of 2021.

The current consensus among 20 TipRanks analysts is for a Moderate Buy rating of shares in Stryker, with an average price target of $277.The analysts price targets range from a high of $303 to a low of $248.

In its latest earnings report, released on 03/31/2021, the company reported a quarterly revenue of $3.95 billion and a net profit of $465 million. The company's market cap is $98.83 billion.

According to TipRanks.com, Leerink Partners analyst Richard Newitter is currently ranked with 5 stars on a 0-5 stars ranking scale, with an average return of 28.1% and a 70.43% success rate.

Michigan-based Stryker Corp. was founded in 1941. The company provides medical technology products and services. It operates its business through the following segments: Orthopaedics, MedSurg and Neurotechnology and Spine.

Fusion Media or anyone involved with Fusion Media will not accept any liability for loss or damage as a result of reliance on the information including data, quotes, charts and buy/sell signals contained within this website. Please be fully informed regarding the risks and costs associated with trading the financial markets, it is one of the riskiest investment forms possible.

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Leerink Partners Stick to Their Buy Rating for Stryker Corporation By Investing.com - Investing.com

Groundbreaking cognitive assessment tool helps improve diagnostic process and outcomes

Add after eleventh paragraph of release: To get in touch with HeadworX visit headworxclinic.com.

This press release features multimedia. View the full release here: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210503005334/en/

The updated release reads:

HEADWORX CHOOSES VOXNEURO INNOVATION TO ENHANCE PATIENT CARE

Groundbreaking cognitive assessment tool helps improve diagnostic process and outcomes

A leading neurophysiological testing facility has selected VoxNeuros innovative technology to provide its patients with more certainty in the diagnosis and treatment of brain conditions, VoxNeuro announced today.

HeadworX, led by neurologist Dr. Abdel Kaleel, MD, M.Sc in Kitchener-Waterloo, is integrating VoxNeuros groundbreaking Cognitive Health Assessment into its clinical practice.

"Our ability to offer the VoxNeuro Cognitive Health Assessment will be an incredible extension to our clinical exam, allowing us to develop a more realistic and complete picture of the patient's road to recovery," said Dr. Kaleel.

Dr. John F. Connolly, Chief Science Officer and Co-Founder of VoxNeuro, said HeadworX is a much-needed leader in this area.

"Neurology as a profession has been deeply rooted in tradition," he said. "Dr. Kaleel and his colleagues are future-focused and invested in adopting new and innovative technology that can improve his patients medical evaluation and outcomes."

VoxNeuros breakthrough neurotechnology precisely scores cognitive performance by measuring biomarkers in the electrical activity of the brain, much like using a cardiogram to measure the health of the heart. VoxNeuros technology is positioned to globally change the way brain health is managed and treated with their rapid, precise scores of cognitive function including memory, information processing, attention and concentration.

This provides valuable data to the diagnostic process, enabling clinicians to make more accurate diagnoses faster. The data also helps to customize treatments and accurately track how well treatments are working overtime, thus helping to ensure the best possible outcomes for patients.

Story continues

"We welcome the innovation of VoxNeuro because I have long believed that, as a field, we can do a better job of providing patients with the answers they deserve and a clear path to recovery," says Dr. Kaleel. "With the addition of VoxNeuro, our patients can feel very comfortable that we have the most current means of giving them a true understanding of their condition and an ongoing way to ensure their treatment is working."

Backed by more than 30 years of global, peer-reviewed scientific research, VoxNeuros assessment will also help to ease pressure on the healthcare system as a whole.

"With our growing community population, there is a widening gap for neurological services in Canada," says Dr. Kaleel. "Many times, patients are over-treated and over-tested and this can place a substantial burden on our healthcare system and subject the patient to unnecessary harm. With the objective data provided by VoxNeuro, we will be better able to determine if a patients cognitive concerns warrant further investigations or management options."

HeadworX serves patients across southwest Ontario, aged from teens to the elderly. The VoxNeuro assessment will augment the clinics current array of tools which includes Electromyography (EMG), Electro-encephalography (EEG), Transcranial Doppler (TCD) and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitor (ABP).

To get in touch with HeadworX visit headworxclinic.com.

About VoxNeuro Give your brain a voice

VoxNeuro is backed by more than 30 years of peer-reviewed scientific research and offers the only neurotechnology that scores multiple cognitive functions to support proactive brain health, informed clinical decision-making and customized care. By analyzing the electrical activity of the brain, VoxNeuro scores its cognitive performance in memory, information processing, attention & concentration.

VoxNeuro is headquartered at McMaster Innovation Park in Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Appointments available at VoxNeuro Test Centers. To learn more, follow VoxNeuro on LinkedIn, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and YouTube or visit http://www.voxneuro.com.

Ask us about being selected as 1 of 11 emerging growth Canadian Life Sciences Companies by the Government of Canadas Trade Commissioner Service.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20210503005334/en/

Contacts

Media: Connie Burkeinfinitycomm416-809-0766connie@infinitycomm.ca

Excerpt from:

ADDING and REPLACING HeadworX Chooses VoxNeuro Innovation to Enhance Patient Care - Yahoo Finance

The latest report on ' Neurotechnology market' Added by Market Study Report, LLC, provides a concise analysis of the industry size, revenue forecast and regional spectrum of this business. The report further illustrates the major challenges and the latest growth strategies adopted by key players who are a part of the dynamic competitive spectrum of this industry.

The latest Neurotechnology market report covers all important aspects like growth driving factors, opportunities, and challenges that will govern the industry dynamics in the upcoming years. Besides, it offers an in-depth analysis of various industry segmentations to deliver a clear picture of the top revenue prospects in this business sphere.

Request a sample Report of Neurotechnology Market at:https://www.marketstudyreport.com/request-a-sample/2764957?utm_source=groundalerts.com&utm_medium=AK

According to seasoned experts, the market is expected to witness modest gains while registering a CAGR of XX% over the analysis period 2021-2026.

Speaking of the major developments in recent times, the global health crisis of Covid-19 has turned out to be a terrifying experience for most businesses except for healthcare industries. Although some have effectively modified their strategies or revisited the mission of the entire company to ensure success, others continue to face an influx of difficulties. Our meticulous research on this industry vertical aims to answer all your queries regarding the evolving environment and help you excel in the coming years.

Key points from the Neurotechnology market report:

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Neurotechnology market segmentation:

Competitive outlook:

Regional bifurcation: North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East and Africa

Product types:

Applications spectrum:

For More Details On this Report: https://www.marketstudyreport.com/reports/global-neurotechnology-market-2020-by-company-regions-type-and-application-forecast-to-2025

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Neurotechnology Market to Exhibit Impressive Growth of CAGR during the period 20 - GroundAlerts.com

Since the early 1990s, there has been a technological revolution unfolding before our very eyes. Today, individuals are more reliant on technology than ever before. A whopping 97% of Americans own a cell phone, and 85% own a smartphone, according to the Pew Research Center.

This progressive trend has arguably provided incredible societal and cultural benefits for the average user effortless and swift communication with others may promote a feeling of enhanced connection, especially in the current moment.

Moreover, online trends leveraging social media to advocate for civic engagement can be beneficial. However, multiple studies prove that social media and electronic device addiction harms those who succumb to the pressures of obsessive technology.

Phone applications and cellular devices themselves are specifically designed to encourage dependency. For companies such as Samsung and Apple or platforms like Instagram, a successful product is one that keeps its users constantly engaged. Active, constant interaction drives profit.

Thus, cell phones have become an essential part of American life.

In many ways, humans themselves have become semi-bionic creatures. Though a fully bionic creature would have permanent electronic body parts, people today can feel lost and even experience panic and anxiety when they are without their electronic devices.

This trend will probably continue. Already, Elon Musks Neuralink Corporation, which is developing neurotechnology for permanent implantable brainmachine interfaces, plans to start testing new technology on humans as early as this year.

Do humans depend on technology too much as is? Studies on app and phone use may argue we do.

Individuals with high social media use actually felt more isolated than others, according to a 2017 study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine. In addition, there is an association between passive social media use and symptoms of depression such as fatigue and loneliness, according to a 2019 study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology.

While the negative effects of prolonged phone and social media usage can have negative consequences on mental health, they can cause

physical musculoskeletal harm as well. A direct relationship was found between phone addiction and neck disability, according to a 2017 study published by King Saud University.

The science is clear: Phone addiction is unhealthy and can be extremely damaging to mental and physical health.

The multiple studies that prove how harmful cell phone addiction is should be alarming. Society is faced with a very problematic paradox: Phones are extremely addictive, people are extremely dependent on them and this dependence can cause harmful disabilities, yet we cant seem to live without them in the modern technological era.

What should one do about this perplexing issue? Conscious and mindful phone use can provide a useful alternative to the phone use that plagues many Americans.

While it is not the average users fault that phones are constructed specifically to induce hyper dependency and fixation, a conscious citizen can resist phone addiction by limiting screen time, turning off notifications and deleting unhealthy applications. In regards to Musks Neuralink, one can only hope that such emerging technology will bring some good to humanity.

See the rest here:

I Call Foul Play: Overusing smartphones does more harm than good The Daily Free Press - Daily Free Press

Some weeks ago, a nine-year-old macaque monkey called Pager successfully played a game of Pong with its mind.

While it may sound like science fiction, the demonstration by Elon Musks neurotechnology company Neuralink is an example of a brain-machine interface in action (and has been done before).

A coin-sized disc called a Link was implanted by a precision surgical robot into Pagers brain, connecting thousands of micro threads from the chip to neurons responsible for controlling motion.

Brain-machine interfaces could bring tremendous benefit to humanity. But to enjoy the benefits, well need to manage the risks down to an acceptable level.

Pager was first shown how to play Pong in the conventional way, using a joystick. When he made a correct move, hed receive a sip of banana smoothie. As he played, the Neuralink implant recorded the patterns of electrical activity in his brain. This identified which neurons controlled which movements.

The joystick could then be disconnected, after which Pager played the game using only his mind doing so like a boss.

This Neuralink demo built on an earlier one from 2020, which involved Gertrude the Pig. Gertrude had the Link installed and output recorded, but no specific task was assessed.

Read more: Neuralink put a chip in Gertrude the pig's brain. It might be useful one day

According to Neuralink, its technology could help people who are paralysed with spinal or brain injuries, by giving them the ability to control computerised devices with their minds. This would provide paraplegics, quadriplegics and stroke victims the liberating experience of doing things by themselves again.

Prosthetic limbs might also be controlled by signals from the Link chip. And the technology would be able to send signals back, making a prosthetic limb feel real.

Cochlear implants already do this, converting external acoustic signals into neuronal information, which the brain translates into sound for the wearer to hear.

Neuralink has also claimed its technology could remedy depression, addiction, blindness, deafness and a range of other neurological disorders. This would be done by using the implant to stimulate areas of the brain associated with these conditions.

Brain-machine interfaces could also have applications beyond the therapeutic. For a start, they could offer a much faster way of interacting with computers, compared to methods that involve using hands or voice.

A user could type a message at the speed of thought and not be limited by thumb dexterity. Theyd only have to think the message and the implant could convert it to text. The text could then be played through software that converts it to speech.

Perhaps more exciting is a brain-machine interfaces ability to connect brains to the cloud and all its resources. In theory, a persons own native intelligence could then be augmented on demand by accessing cloud-based artificial intelligence (AI).

Human intelligence could be greatly multiplied by this. Consider for a moment if two or more people wirelessly connected their implants. This would facilitate a high-bandwidth exchange of images and ideas from one to the other.

In doing so they could potentially exchange more information in a few seconds than would take minutes, or hours, to convey verbally.

But some experts remain sceptical about how well the technology will work, once its applied to humans for more complex tasks than a game of Pong. Regarding Neuralink, Anna Wexler, a professor of medical ethics and health policy at the University of Pennsylvania, said:

neuroscience is far from understanding how the mind works, much less having the ability to decode it.

At the same time, concerns about such technologys potential harm continue to occupy brain-machine interface researchers.

Without bulletproof security, its possible hackers could access implanted chips and cause a malfunction or misdirection of its actions. The consequences could be fatal for the victim.

Some may worry powerful artificial AI working through a brain-machine interface could overwhelm and take control of the host brain.

The AI could then impose a master-slave relationship and, the next thing you know, humans could become an army of drones. Elon Musk himself is on record saying artificial intelligence poses an existential threat to humanity.

He says humans will need to eventually merge with AI, to remove the existential threat advanced AI could present:

My assessment about why AI is overlooked by very smart people is that very smart people do not think a computer can ever be as smart as they are. And this is hubris and obviously false.

Musk has famously compared AI research and development with summoning the demon. But what can we reasonably make of this statement? It could be interpreted as an attempt to scare the public and, in so doing, pressure governments to legislate strict controls over AI development.

Musk himself has had to negotiate government regulations governing the operations of autonomous and aerial vehicles such as his SpaceX rockets.

The crucial challenge with any potentially volatile technology is to devote enough time and effort into building safeguards. Weve managed to do this for a range of pioneering technologies, including atomic energy and genetic engineering.

Autonomous vehicles are a more recent example. While research has shown the vast majority of road accidents are attributed to driver behaviour, there are still situations in which AI controlling a car wont know what to do and could cause an accident.

Read more: Are autonomous cars really safer than human drivers?

Years of effort and billions of dollars have gone into making autonomous vehicles safe, but were still not quite there. And the travelling public wont be using autonomous cars until the desired safety levels have been reached. The same standards must apply to brain-machine interface technology.

It is possible to devise reliable security to prevent implants from being hacked. Neuralink (and similar companies such as NextMind and Kernel) have every reason to put in this effort. Public perception aside, they would be unlikely to get government approval without it.

Last year the US Food and Drug Administration granted Neuralink approval for breakthrough device testing, in recognition of the technologys therapeutic potential.

Moving forward, Neuralinks implants must be easy to repair, replace and remove in the event of malfunction, or if the wearer wants it removed for any reason. There must also be no harm caused, at any point, to the brain.

While brain surgery sounds scary, it has been around for several decades and can be done safely.

According to Musk, Neuralinks human trials are set to begin towards the end of this year. Although details havent been released, one would imagine these trials will build on previous progress. Perhaps they will aim to help someone with spinal injuries walk again.

The neuroscience research needed for such a brain-machine interface has been advancing for several decades. What was lacking was an engineering solution that solved some persistent limitations, such as having a wireless connection to the implant, rather than physically connecting with wires.

On the question of whether Neuralink overstates the potential of its technology, one can look to Musks record of delivering results in other enterprises (albeit after delays).

The path seems clear for Neuralinks therapeutic trials to go ahead. More grandiose predictions, however, should stay on the backburner for now.

A human-AI partnership could have a positive future as long as humans remain in control. The best chess player on Earth is not an AI, nor a human. Its a human-AI team known as a Centaur.

And this principle extends to every field of human endeavour AI is making inroads into.

Read the rest here:

Neuralink's monkey can play Pong with its mind. Imagine what humans could do with the same technology - The Conversation AU

Neuralink says its brain implant allows a monkey to play Pong with its mind (Picture: Neuralink)

David Tuffley, senior lecturer in applied ethics & cyber security, Griffith University

Some weeks ago, a nine-year-old macaque monkey called Pager successfully played a game of Pong with its mind.

While it may sound like science fiction, the demonstration by Elon Musks neurotechnology company Neuralink is an example of a brain-machine interface in action (and has been done before).

A coin-sized disc called a Link was implanted by a precision surgical robot into Pagers brain, connecting thousands of micro threads from the chip to neurons responsible for controlling motion.

Brain-machine interfaces could bring tremendous benefit to humanity. But to enjoy the benefits, well need to manage the risks down to an acceptable level.

To view this video please enable JavaScript, and consider upgrading to a webbrowser thatsupports HTML5video

Pager was first shown how to play Pong in the conventional way, using a joystick. When he made a correct move, hed receive a sip of banana smoothie. As he played, the Neuralink implant recorded the patterns of electrical activity in his brain. This identified which neurons controlled which movements.

The joystick could then be disconnected, after which Pager played the game using only his mind doing so like a boss.

This Neuralink demo built on an earlier one from 2020, which involved Gertrude the Pig. Gertrude had the Link installed and output recorded, but no specific task was assessed.

According to Neuralink, its technology could help people who are paralysed with spinal or brain injuries, by giving them the ability to control computerised devices with their minds. This would provide paraplegics, quadriplegics and stroke victims the liberating experience of doing things by themselves again.

Prosthetic limbs might also be controlled by signals from the Link chip. And the technology would be able to send signals back, making a prosthetic limb feelreal.

Cochlear implants already do this, converting external acoustic signals into neuronal information, which the brain translates into sound for the wearer to hear.

Neuralink has also claimed its technology could remedy depression, addiction, blindness, deafness and a range of other neurological disorders. This would be done by using the implant to stimulate areas of the brain associated with these conditions.

Brain-machine interfaces could also have applications beyond the therapeutic. For a start, they could offer a much faster way of interacting with computers, compared to methods that involve using hands or voice.

A user could type a message at the speed of thought and not be limited by thumb dexterity. Theyd only have to think the message and the implant could convert it to text. The text could then be played through software that converts it to speech.

Perhaps more exciting is a brain-machine interfaces ability to connect brains to the cloud and all its resources. In theory, a persons own native intelligence could then be augmented on demand by accessing cloud-based artificial intelligence (AI).

Human intelligence could be greatly multiplied by this. Consider for a moment if two or more people wirelessly connected their implants. This would facilitate a high-bandwidth exchange of images and ideas from one to the other.

In doing so they could potentially exchange more information in a few seconds than would take minutes, or hours, to convey verbally.

But some experts remain sceptical about how well the technology will work, once its applied to humans for more complex tasks than a game of Pong. Regarding Neuralink, Anna Wexler, a professor of medical ethics and health policy at the University of Pennsylvania, said:

neuroscience is far from understanding how the mind works, much less having the ability to decode it.

At the same time, concerns about such technologys potential harm continue to occupy brain-machine interface researchers.

Without bulletproof security, its possible hackers could access implanted chips and cause a malfunction or misdirection of its actions. The consequences could be fatal for the victim.

Some may worry powerful artificial AI working through a brain-machine interface could overwhelm and take control of the host brain.

The AI could then impose a master-slave relationship and, the next thing you know, humans could become an army of drones. Elon Musk himself is on record saying artificial intelligence poses an existential threat to humanity.

He says humans will need to eventually merge with AI, to remove the existential threat advanced AI could present:

My assessment about why AI is overlooked by very smart people is that very smart people do not think a computer can ever be as smart as they are. And this is hubris and obviously false.

Musk has famously compared AI research and development with summoning the demon. But what can we reasonably make of this statement? It could be interpreted as an attempt to scare the public and, in so doing, pressure governments to legislate strict controls over AI development.

Musk himself has had to negotiate government regulations governing the operations of autonomous and aerial vehicles such as his SpaceX rockets.

The crucial challenge with any potentially volatile technology is to devote enough time and effort into building safeguards. Weve managed to do this for a range of pioneering technologies, including atomic energy and genetic engineering.

Autonomous vehicles are a more recent example. While research has shown the vast majority of road accidents are attributed to driver behaviour, there are still situations in which AI controlling a car wont know what to do and could cause an accident.

Years of effort and billions of dollars have gone into making autonomous vehicles safe, but were still not quite there. And the travelling public wont be using autonomous cars until the desired safety levels have been reached. The same standards must apply to brain-machine interface technology.

It is possible to devise reliable security to prevent implants from being hacked. Neuralink (and similar companies such as NextMind and Kernel) have every reason to put in this effort. Public perception aside, they would be unlikely to get government approval without it.

Last year the US Food and Drug Administration granted Neuralink approval for breakthrough device testing, in recognition of the technologys therapeutic potential.

Moving forward, Neuralinks implants must be easy to repair, replace and remove in the event of malfunction, or if the wearer wants it removed for any reason. There must also be no harm caused, at any point, to the brain.

While brain surgery sounds scary, it has been around for several decades and can be done safely.

According to Musk, Neuralinks human trials are set to begin towards the end of this year. Although details havent been released, one would imagine these trials will build on previous progress. Perhaps they will aim to help someone with spinal injuries walk again.

The neuroscience research needed for such a brain-machine interface has been advancing for several decades. What was lacking was an engineering solution that solved some persistent limitations, such as having a wireless connection to the implant, rather than physically connecting with wires.

On the question of whether Neuralink overstates the potential of its technology, one can look to Musks record of delivering results in other enterprises (albeit after delays).

The path seems clear for Neuralinks therapeutic trials to go ahead. More grandiose predictions, however, should stay on the backburner for now.

A human-AI partnership could have a positive future as long as humans remain in control. The best chess player on Earth is not an AI, nor a human. Its a human-AI team known as a Centaur.

And this principle extends to every field of human endeavour AI is making inroads into.

Click here to read the original article on The Conversation

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Latest added Facial Recognition Market research study by MarketDigits offers detailed product outlook and elaborates market review till 2026. The market Study is segmented by key regions that is accelerating the marketization. At present, the market is sharping its presence and some of the key players in the study areGemalto NV, Ayonix Face Technologies, Cognitec Systems, NVISO SA., Daon, StereoVision Imaging, Techno Brain., Neurotechnology, Innovatrics.The study is a perfect mix of qualitative and quantitative Market data collected and validated majorly through primary data and secondary sources.

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Market Analysis:Global Facial Recognition Market

Global facial recognition market is set to witness a healthy CAGR of 17.10% in the forecast period of 2019 to 2026. The report contains data of the base year 2018 and historic year 2017. This rise in the market can be attributed due to rising demand for surveillance systems for enhancing safety and security

Few of the major competitors currently working in the globalfacial recognition marketareNEC Technologies India Private Limited, Aware, Inc., Gemalto NV, Ayonix Face Technologies, Cognitec Systems GmbH, NVISO SA., Daon, StereoVision Imaging, Inc., Techno Brain., Neurotechnology, Innovatrics, id3 Technologies, IDEMIA, Animetrics, Crunchbase Inc., Aurora Computer Services Limited, Nuance Communications, Inc., FaceFirst

Market Definition:Global Facial Recognition Market

Facial recognition is a technology which is used to recognize human face for different purposes. Facial recognition system uses biometrics software to match facial features or information from the recorded database. It is easy to integrate with existing security features. Facial recognition is generally used for security purposes. Facial recognition is also defined as an application based on biometric artificial intelligence that can define an individual uniquely by analyzing patterns based on the facial textures and shape of the individual.

Facial Recognition Market Restraints:

Research Methodology:Global Facial Recognition Market

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Facial Recognition Market Drivers:

Key Insights in the report:

Table Of Content: Global Facial Recognition Market

Part 01: Executive Summary

Part 02: Scope Of The Report

Part 03: Global Facial Recognition Market Landscape

Part 04: Global Facial Recognition Market Sizing

Part 05: Global Facial Recognition Market Segmentation By Product

Part 06: Five Forces Analysis

Part 07: Customer Landscape

Part 08: Geographic Landscape

Part 09: Decision Framework

Part 10: Drivers And Challenges

Part 11: Market Trends

Part 12: Vendor Landscape

Part 13: Vendor Analysis

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Facial Recognition Market 2021 Investigation Highlights Growth Trends in COVID-19 | Gemalto NV, Ayonix Face Technologies, Cognitec Systems The...

Global Face and Voice Biometrics Market Growing Demand and Growth Opportunity 2026

Overview

The report is a comprehensive analysis of the Face and Voice Biometrics market and covers facts and growth drivers for the market profile. Manufacturing technologies and applications that form a part of this Face and Voice Biometrics market success are also included in the report. Based on such information, the market has been segmented into various categories and portrays the maximum market share for the forecast period. The study is a result of various analysis techniques used to derive the relevant information. These analysis techniques include SWOT methodologies and Porters Five Force Model. Further, the report has an acute focus on global players, products with the highest demand, and the various product categories, which are causative of the Face and Voice Biometrics market growth. Micro and macroeconomic indicators, government stipulations that could affect the market, and advice from industry leaders is also included in the report compilation. The study of the market has been taken place during 2019, the base year and the forecast period stretches till 2026.

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Top Key Players Profiled in this report: 3M Cogent (USA), NEC Corporation of America (USA), AcSys Biometrics Corp. (Canada), AGNITiO S.L. (Spain), Cognitec Systems GmbH (Germany), Nuance Communications(USA), Eurotech S.P.A (Italy), Ivrnet Inc. (Canada), Kimaldi Electronics, S.L. (Spain), National Security Resources (USA), Neurotechnology (Lithuania), PSP Security Co. Ltd (Hong Kong), SAFRAN Group (France), Sensible Vision (USA), Sensory(USA), Suprema(Korea), VoiceTrust eServices(Canada), and VoiceVault(USA)

Segmental Analysis

The market study contains the division of the overall market into different regional segments according to the key geographic regions. The whole of the Face and Voice Biometrics market has been covered with regards to the key countries and regions. Using the results from the regional analysis, the report also presents a forecast for the local markets. The market presence of manufacturers and key players have also been studied.

All the major regions in the market have been covered with broad segments including North America, South America, Asia-Pacific, the Middle East, Europe, and Africa. The other major segmentations on the market cover the product types and end-user applications.

North America held dominant position in the global Face and Voice Biometrics market in 2021, accounting for XX% share in terms of value, followed by Europe and Asia Pacific, respectively.

Market Dynamics

The various factors that can boost the Face and Voice Biometrics market growth in the current scenario as well as in the coming years have been discussed in detail. The interplay of demand and supply forces in this market along with the factors affecting them have been analyzed. The internal and external factors affecting the market in terms of growth have been studied by this market study. The pricing policies used and the effect they have on the consumption behaviour have been studied for various regions of the Face and Voice Biometrics market. The study conducted looks at the upstream as well as the downstream aspects of the market.

Research objectives

To study and forecast the market size of Face and Voice Biometrics in global market.

To analyze the global key players, SWOT analysis, value and global market share for top players.

To define, describe and forecast the market by type, end use and region.

To analyze and compare the market status and forecast among global major regions.

To analyze the global key regions market potential and advantage, opportunity and challenge, restraints and risks.

To identify significant trends and factors driving or inhibiting the market growth.

To analyze the opportunities in the market for stakeholders by identifying the high growth segments.

To strategically analyze each submarket with respect to individual growth trend and their contribution to the market

To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.

To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.

Market Segment by Regions, regional analysis covers

North America (United States, Canada and Mexico)

Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and Italy)

Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India and Southeast Asia)

South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia etc.)

Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa).

Face and Voice Biometrics Report mainly covers the following:

1) World Wide Face and Voice Biometrics Industry Overview

2) Country and Regional Face and Voice Biometrics Market Diagnosis

3) Face and Voice Biometrics Data predicated on technician varies and Process Analysis

4) Key success factors and Face and Voice Biometrics Economy Share Summary

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Some Major TOC Points:

Chapter 1: Overview of Face and Voice Biometrics Market

Chapter 2: Global Market Status and Forecast by Regions

Chapter 3: Global Market Status and Forecast by Types

Chapter 4: Global Market Status and Forecast by Downstream Industry

Chapter 5: Market Driving Factor Analysis

Chapter 6: Market Competition Status by Major Manufacturers

Chapter 7: Major Manufacturers Introduction and Market Data

Chapter 8: Upstream and Downstream Market Analysis

Chapter 9: Cost and Gross Margin Analysis

Chapter 10: Marketing Status Analysis

Chapter 11: Market Report Conclusion

Chapter 12: Research Methodology and Reference

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Strategic Study on Face and Voice Biometrics Market 2021, Covers Detail Analysis (Impact of Covid-19), Share, Size, Future Opportunity in Global...