Category Archives: Life Extension

Years ago, I had a conversation with another writer, Allison Wyss, about the utter unfairness of being trapped in a single timeline, a single life. I had no interest in life extension, but life expansionall the things at once, Garden of Forking Paths stylewas becoming an obsession. And she responded that she thinks story was primarily a mechanism for this type of life expansion: I may be seated on a bus to Philly, but I can simultaneously be standing in Kublai Khans garden while he converses with Marco Polo even though they share no spoken language. I can be loved and warm and in a home of my own making while also experiencing a chickens understanding of the infinite in its moment of death. Story makes a life broader by pressing outward at the edges of any given moment.

For my novel Quantum Girl Theory, I toyed with this idea by creating multiple timelines, multiple lifelines, for a 18-year-old girl who disappeared in 1946. I found delicious potential in the idea that the lives we dont live could still insert themselves into our experience, expanding the meaning and edges of each life, every life, through incorporation of what might have been.

The following novels explore this idea of multi-layered reality, of the expanded moment, in radically different ways. Many of these books are award-winners, so Im under no delusions that Im introducing you to anyone newbut I find it pleasing to place these novels side by side, to see how they may be in conversation with each other or with the common idea of one (linear) life not being enough.

In Canada, a writer named Ruth finds the water-logged diary of a Japanese girl named Nao; Ruth finds herself responding with intense urgency to events that, by virtue of having been written down years earlier, had already resolved themselves. Separated by continents and years, it should be impossible for Ruth to change the already sailed course of Naos lifeand yet Ozeki gives us a story where every moment we live has the capacity to expand outward, both backward and forward in time.

In the middle of a chaotic pastoral home, to her mothers growing consternation, Madeleine lies sleeping, and dreaming. Both Madeleines dream world and the world of her French village are fully realized, drawing on the entrenched realm of fairy tale to deepen the movements and interplay between the two. As the novel progresses, the boundary between dream and reality becomes increasingly porous, multiplying the readers experience of time by enriching every gesture, every moment, with its dream-double.

In everything Kiese Laymon writes, I think, hes doing careful work with time and language. He makes repetition into a tool for language and idea formation; he forges revision into a mechanism for liberation. In this novel, characters are doubled, troubles and traumas are doubled, and the ability to visit (and change) the past makes every prior event present and future, as well. In Long Division, no moment has ever passedit is always ripe for revisiting, revising, expanding, rewriting into a fuller, freer existence.

Narrated by the just-born child of the protagonist in the elongated moment of his first breath, this novel complicates and shatters the concept of a discrete point in time. Over and over, each gesture, sentiment, reaction becomes a hyperlink to prior experience, to trauma and heartbreak and desire and embedded instinct. This is what novels can do for us: capture humans deeply layered experience of the present moment, particularly for those whose lives and identities compel them to live multiple versions of themselves simultaneously.

You have a script, and at each turn you must play your character, interact with the other characters, and maintain your relationships with the actors playing the other characters (who are also your neighbors, and maybe your dad), all while adding to the forward momentum of the TV show youre in, while also trying to become a breakout star without looking too much like you are trying to become a breakout star, and participating (or trying to fight) the tired cultural story the TV show is playing out over and over. Interior Chinatown employs the novel form and the script format to make space for the breadth and contradiction and import of a scene, a minute, a lifeand the dizzying, spirographic effect of both roles willingly accepted and those imposed from outside.

The multivalent storylines in Delayed Rays unfurl from an Alfred Eisenstaedt photograph of Marlene Dietrich, Leni Riefenstahl, and Anna May Wong taken at a party in 1928 Berlin. Each womans path spirals outward and returns back to the making of the photograph, retrofitting the moment of the cameras flash with 40, 60, 75 years of future events, desires, and loss.

Samanthas mother had frequent complaints about her relationship to the truth, we are told, so when Samantha unfurls an increasingly bizarre and compulsively readable story (shape-shifting! incantations! blood sacrifice!), were left to sit with a sort of blurred fact/fiction, madness/reality state, and a multi-dimensional idea of mundane life overlaid by, or embellished with, the more interesting story it might be.

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7 Books About Multiple Timelines and Blurred Realities - Electric Literature

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Industry Inspection Overview of Black Cumin Seed Oil Machine Market 2022-29 | Earthoil Plantations, Life Extension, Nuverus, Omega Pharma FortBendNow...

Meet Mrpsyop, he has immersed himself in the vast and ever-evolving industry and also in life extension and biohacking.

Isnt it amazing to know and learn about all those people, experts, and entrepreneurs who make sure to give in their best in all that they choose to do in their respective careers? Well, the world is filled with too many such talented beings, but a few among them surely do stand unique from the rest in ways more than one, which brings them to the forefront of their industries, even amidst much competition. The digital financial industry has been one which has so far welcomed many such talented beings; however, a few rare gems prove why they deserve massive recognition and name. One such high-performing professional we got to know about is Mrpsyop, who has been taking over the Defi space with his knowledge and expertise in crypto.

Mrpsyop may seem as any other guy in the digital financial industry, but he is definitely much beyond that with all the astuteness with which he has worked his way to the top in the industry. Working in the crypto markets while also immersing himself in life extension and biohacking is all that Mrpsyop is all about. He was in the crypto class of 2017 and since then has risen much higher as a true-blue professional, driven to make it huge in the field, also with the company Optimista Capital. This is a thesis-driven incubation firm, and they work directly with their portfolio companies, no matter the current stage of their development. That is how Optimista Capital has been reshaping the future of the crypto world.

Mrpsyop explains that though blockchain is a relatively new technology, it is an extremely exciting technology that has so far gained massive interest from a lot of investors around the world from across different sectors and niches. With crypto, people can climb their next level of success in the financial realm; he points out and hopes that in the coming years, more and more people will make sure to get into the field to attain maximum success in their endeavours

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Meet Mrpsyop, taking over the crypto world as a true-blue professional - Newsd.in

University of Minnesota Extension

Carbon is the one of earths most common and important elements and is one of lifes building blocks. Jodi DeJong-Hughes shared with the audience that carbon makes up approximately 58% of soil organic matter and that soils with higher carbon content tend to be darker in color and more resilient to precipitation extremes, improving both water infiltration and retention. Minnesota, Wisconsin and Iowa have soils with some of the highest organic matter content in the lower 48 states and consequently some of the most productive soils in the world. We can help to conceptualize carbon storage by thinking about it as a bank account, with additions and withdrawals of carbon. Both aboveground and below-ground crop biomass left in the field after harvest can be considered deposits, as can manure and cover crop biomass, while soil erosion, crop harvest (grain, chopping, baling), tillage, burning residue, and microbial respiration can all be considered withdrawals, says DeJong-Hughes.

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is important for capturing the suns energy to create the temperate environment that sustains life on Earth. Too much CO2 in the atmosphere traps too much heat, contributing to global climate change and an increased probability of extreme weather events such as flooding, droughts, hurricanes and wildfires occurring. Under pressure from shareholders and consumers alike, boards of directors of publicly-traded companies are seeking ways for companies to become carbon neutral. Carbon-neutrality can be obtained by companies finding ways to streamline their own operations or purchasing carbon credits from others that can remove CO2 from the air. This has led to the development of carbon markets where companies can pay farmers to adopt production practices that capture (or sequester) carbon.

Ten percent of all CO2 emissions in the US are due to agriculture, with tillage and other soil management strategies accounting for 55% of the total. At the request of the Minnesota Corn Growers Association, Jodi DeJong-Hughes and Anna Cates have developed a program called Carbon Smart to help familiarize Minnesota crop producers with how carbon cycles through our agronomic cropping systems, the benefits to soil health and resiliency that increasing soil organic matter can provide and the promise and pitfalls associated with entering into a carbon program.

DeJong-Hughes and Cates suggest that increasing soil organic matter by changing practices such as reducing tillage intensity or adding a cover crop is slower in fields that already have higher soil organic matter contents. Says DeJong-Hughes, If a crop producer is interested in enrolling in a carbon program, they might be better able to document carbon sequestration in fields that do not have as much soil organic matter to begin with.

Signing up for one of these carbon markets may seem like a no-brainer for farmers that were already interested in adopting an additional conservation practice; it would, after all, be another potential source of income from cropland. But DeJong-Hughes and Cates urged the audience to temper expectations due to the realities associated with latitude. The further north the farm, there is a trend toward less rainfall and cooler temperatures. Cates added, Full-season crops in Minnesota will therefore have a shorter growing season to pull CO2 out of the air for growth and development than full-season crops further south, and so will tend to sequester less carbon than crops produced further south.

From both a research and a carbon markets perspective, it is important to be able to properly claim that carbon sequestration has indeed taken place. Without baseline measurements of soil organic carbon before implementing conservation practices, we are not able to claim that carbon sequestration has taken place. Soil disturbance through tillage, planting, incorporating fertilizer or other field work redistributes both soil microbes and soil aggregates, providing them access to different residue and soil components that the microbes can use for growth and development. This disturbance leads to a burst of CO2 loss from the soil, explains Dr. Cates. Without having baseline measurements of soil organic carbon before implementing practices intended to capture carbon, we cannot be sure whether carbon is continuing to be lost, whether carbon content is staying stable over time or whether carbon is actually being sequestered after adopting conservation practices. This is also one of the reasons that most carbon markets require soil sample collection before practice adoption and at specific intervals after adoption so that they are selling actual carbon credits.

Cates and DeJong-Hughes answered many audience questions, including: which practices if adopted can sequester the most carbon?; will farmers enrolled in carbon programs be penalized for poor cover crop growth?; if a farmer switches to a no-till system and ends up needing to till, will all of the positive benefits to soil health be erased?; what is more valuable, organic matter that provides easily mineralizable nutrients or organic matter that is more stable?; is it more important to take select land out of production or just implement more carbon sequestration practices across more of the landscape?; how does fertilizer nitrogen (N) placement affect denitrification to N20, a potent greenhouse gas?; how much are carbon markets paying brokerage firms versus farmers?; how long is the typical farmer carbon agreement?; will adding grazing livestock to a field increase carbon sequestration compared to not?

For those that missed this session, it is now available to view on YouTube at: https://youtu.be/460hSVYxJns. For more information and to register to attend other weekly session through the end of March, visit z.umn.edu/strategic-farming.

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UMN Extension Strategic Farming: Let's talk crops! discusses whether we can and why we should want to store carbon in production ag systems -...

Preservation of produce requires genius innovation to slow down the natural ripening process to keep it fresher for longer. Now, this in turn stops the outpour and waste of money thats all too common in the produce industry and also makes sure that customers are getting the highest quality fruit and vegetables out there. NatuWrap was designed to extend the freshness of produce, helping to improve produce grading and longevity through the harvest, packing, shipping, and eventually the retail process.

NatuWrap is an edible coating that is unique when compared to any other fruit and vegetable coating designed for shelf life extension. NatuWrap is a thin coating that essentially stops water loss and keeps oxygen and mold from seeping into the produce.

Compared to other solutions on the market, its 50 times more efficient. Its also the only self-assembling nanoclay composite out there, making it truly one of a kind. NatuWrap meets USA FDA requirements for safe human consumption and is registered for use on organic produce. The components that make up this product are edible, colorless and flavorless.

Its a straightforward dipping or spray-on method that uses standard off-the-shelf equipment. Start using NatuWrap on your produce to improve the quality and profitability.

Source: newswatchtv.com

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NatuWrap; a thin coating that stops water loss and keeps oxygen and mold out - FreshPlaza.com

South Dakota State Extension

SDSU Extension and Molly Barari, EdD, South Dakota Humanities Scholar, will host an obituary writing workshop on April 7 from noon to 2:00 p.m. CDT via Zoom.

Benjamin Franklin said, "Nothing is certain in this world except death and taxes." In this interactive workshop, participants will learn how to write a basic obituary, capturing significant life milestones and events. However, different styles of obituaries will be presented. Barari will provide writing prompts to help identify important life milestones, and teach participants to ensure that the obituary reflects their personalities.

No matter how old you are, its important to start drafting an obituary document, said Barari. That way, its available for your family and loved ones when its needed. Most importantly, writing your own obituary gives you the opportunity to tell your life story in your own words.

Adults of all ages are welcome to attend, and are encouraged to have a notebook and pen or digital writing program available.

The workshop is free of cost, and those interested can register by visiting theSDSU Extension events pageand searching for Heirlooms. A Zoom link will be sent via email to those who have registered to join the workshop. Technical support will be available by logging on 30 minutes prior to the class start time.

This program was made possible by the South Dakota Humanities Council, an affiliate of the National Endowment for the Humanities. Space is limited, so early registration is encouraged.

For more information about the instructor, visitwww.mollybarari.com.

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SDSU Extension to Host Virtual Obituary Writing Workshop - Farm Forum

ELEVATE UC 52 met the co-primary endpoints of clinical remission at both weeks 12 and 52 and all key secondary endpoints

- Etrasimod demonstrated a safety profile consistent with previous studies

NEW YORK--(BUSINESS WIRE)--

Pfizer Inc. (NYSE: PFE) today announced positive top-line results from a second Phase 3 study of etrasimod, an investigational, oral, once-a-day, selective sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator in development for the treatment of moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC). The positive 12- and 52-week results from ELEVATE UC 52 follow the recent announcement of positive 12-week findings from the ELEVATE UC 12 trial on March 23.

In this 52-week study, also known as ELEVATE UC 52, etrasimod patients achieved statistically significant improvements in the co-primary endpoints of clinical remission at weeks 12 and 52 when compared to placebo. Statistically significant improvements were attained in all key secondary endpoints at both 12 and 52 weeks. Etrasimod demonstrated a safety profile consistent with previous studies, including the Phase 2 OASIS trial.

The global Phase 3 multi-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolled 433 UC patients who had previously failed or were intolerant to at least one conventional, biologic, or Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor therapy. Participants received etrasimod 2 mg or placebo once-daily. ELEVATE UC 52 utilized a treat-through design in which patients were eligible to continue with their randomized treatment independent of whether they reached the objective criteria of clinical response at week 12.

For patients suffering with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis, these most recent data further demonstrate the substantial potential benefits of this medicine and clearly confirm its ability to achieve significant induction of remission at 12 weeks and now clinical remission at week 52. These data underscore etrasimods potential, if approved, as a best-in-class therapy, said Michael Corbo, Chief Development Officer, Inflammation & Immunology, Pfizer Global Product Development. Etrasimod can potentially provide a new, once-daily, oral option with a rapid onset of action and without first dose titration. Further, we believe the treat-through design of the ELEVATE UC 52 study more accurately reflects a real-world treatment approach than the re-randomization design often used in UC clinical trials.

Full results from the studies will be submitted for future scientific publication and presentation. These data, along with results from ELEVATE UC 12 and the long-term extension from these two trials (ELEVATE UC OLE), are expected to form the basis for planned future regulatory filings. Pfizer expects to initiate regulatory filings later this year. Additional information about the studies can be found at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov under the identifiers NCT03945188, NCT03996369, and NCT03950232.

Etrasimod was developed by Arena Pharmaceuticals, which was recently acquired by Pfizer.

About Etrasimod

Etrasimod is an oral, once-a-day, selective sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor modulator designed for optimized pharmacology and engagement of S1P receptors 1, 4, and 5. It is being investigated for a range of immuno-inflammatory diseases including ulcerative colitis, Crohns Disease, atopic dermatitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, and alopecia areata.

In a Phase 2, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study (OASIS) in moderate to severe UC patients, most patients who achieved clinical response, clinical remission, or endoscopic improvement at week 12 experienced sustained or improved effects up to week 46, with etrasimod 2 mg in the open-label extension. Etrasimod also demonstrated a favorable benefit/risk profile, consistent with safety findings reported in the double-blind portion of OASIS.

About ELEVATE UC 52

ELEVATE UC 52 is one of two pivotal trials that are part of the ELEVATE UC global Phase 3 registrational program. ELEVATE UC 52 is a 2:1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of etrasimod 2 mg once-daily in participants with moderately-to-severely active UC. This is a one-year trial evaluating clinical remission at 12 weeks, or induction, and at 52 weeks. ELEVATE UC 52 utilized a treat-through design in which patients were eligible to continue with etrasimod independent of whether they reached clinical response at week 12.

The primary objective of this trial is to assess the safety and efficacy of etrasimod on clinical remission after both 12 and 52 weeks. The primary endpoint is based on the 3-domain, modified Mayo score. Key secondary measures include the efficacy of etrasimod, symptomatic remission, endoscopic improvement, corticosteroid-free remission, and mucosal healing in these participants at time points up to 52 weeks of treatment.

About Ulcerative Colitis

UC is a chronic and often debilitating inflammatory bowel disease1 that affects many people worldwide, including an estimated 3.8 million people in North America and Europe.2 Symptoms of UC can include chronic diarrhea with blood and mucus, abdominal pain and cramping, and weight loss.3,4 UC can have a significant effect on work, family and social activities.4

About Pfizer Inflammation & Immunology

At Pfizer Inflammation & Immunology, we strive to deliver breakthroughs that enable freedom from day-to-day suffering for people living with autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, which can be debilitating, disfiguring and distressing, dramatically affecting what they can do. With a focus on immuno-inflammatory conditions in Rheumatology, Gastroenterology and Medical Dermatology, our current portfolio of approved medicines and investigational molecules spans multiple action and delivery mechanisms, from topicals to small molecules, biologics and biosimilars. The root cause of many immunological diseases is immuno-inflammation, which requires specifically designed agents. Our differentiated R&D approach resulted in one of the broadest pipelines in the industry, where we purposefully match molecules to diseases where we believe they can make the biggest difference. Building on our decades-long commitment and pioneering science, we continue to advance the standard of care for patients living with immuno-inflammatory diseases and are working hand-in-hand with patients, caregivers and the broader healthcare community on healthcare solutions for the many challenges of managing chronic inflammatory diseases, allowing patients to live their best lives.

Pfizer Inc.: Breakthroughs that Change Patients Lives

At Pfizer, we apply science and our global resources to bring therapies to people that extend and significantly improve their lives. We strive to set the standard for quality, safety, and value in the discovery, development, and manufacture of health care products, including innovative medicines and vaccines. Every day, Pfizer colleagues work across developed and emerging markets to advance wellness, prevention, treatments, and cures that challenge the most feared diseases of our time. Consistent with our responsibility as one of the world's premier innovative biopharmaceutical companies, we collaborate with health care providers, governments, and local communities to support and expand access to reliable, affordable health care around the world. For more than 170 years, we have worked to make a difference for all who rely on us. We routinely post information that may be important to investors on our website at http://www.pfizer.com. In addition, to learn more, please visit us on http://www.pfizer.com and follow us on Twitter at @Pfizer and @Pfizer_News, LinkedIn, YouTube and like us on Facebook at Facebook.com/Pfizer.

Disclosure Notice

The information contained in this release is as of March 29, 2022. Pfizer assumes no obligation to update forward-looking statements contained in this release as the result of new information or future events or developments.

This release contains forward-looking information about etrasimod, including its potential benefits and planned regulatory filings, that involves substantial risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. Risks and uncertainties include, among other things, the uncertainties inherent in research and development, including the ability to meet anticipated clinical endpoints, commencement and/or completion dates for our clinical trials, regulatory submission dates, regulatory approval dates and/or launch dates, as well as the possibility of unfavorable new clinical data and further analyses of existing clinical data; the risk that clinical trial data are subject to differing interpretations and assessments by regulatory authorities; whether regulatory authorities will be satisfied with the design of and results from our clinical studies; whether and when drug applications may be filed in any jurisdictions for etrasimod; whether and when any such applications may be approved by regulatory authorities, which will depend on myriad factors, including making a determination as to whether the product's benefits outweigh its known risks and determination of the product's efficacy and, if approved, whether etrasimod will be commercially successful; decisions by regulatory authorities impacting labeling, manufacturing processes, safety and/or other matters that could affect the availability or commercial potential of etrasimod; the impact of COVID-19 on Pfizers business, operations and financial results; and competitive developments.

A further description of risks and uncertainties can be found in Pfizers Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021 and in its subsequent reports on Form 10-Q, including in the sections thereof captioned Risk Factors and Forward-Looking Information and Factors That May Affect Future Results, as well as in its subsequent reports on Form 8-K, all of which are filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and available at http://www.sec.gov and http://www.pfizer.com.

.

1 Crohns and Colitis Foundation. What is Ulcerative Colitis. Available at: What is Ulcerative Colitis? | Crohn's & Colitis Foundation (crohnscolitisfoundation.org) Accessed March 18, 2022.2 Seyedian, SS. A review of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment methods of inflammatory bowel disease. J Med Life 2019 Apr-Jun; 12 (2): 113-122. Available at: A review of the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment methods of inflammatory bowel disease - PMC (nih.gov). Accessed March 22, 2022.3 Hanauer SB. Inflammatory bowel disease. N Engl J Med. 1996;334(13):841-8. Available at: Inflammatory Bowel Disease | NEJM. Accessed March 18, 2022.4 Irvine EJ. Quality of Life of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Past, Present, and Future. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. 2008;14(4):554-563. Available at: Quality of life of patients with ulcerative colitis: Past, present, and future | Inflammatory Bowel Diseases | Oxford Academic (openathens.net). Accessed March 18, 2022.

View source version on businesswire.com: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20220329005198/en/

Media Contact:+1 (212) 733-1226[emailprotected]

Investor Contact:+1 (212) 733-4848[emailprotected]

Source: Pfizer Inc.

Excerpt from:

Pfizer Announces Positive Top-line Results from Yearlong Phase 3 Trial of Etrasimod in Ulcerative Colitis, Underscoring Best-in-Class Potential -...

Weve all been there at various times in our lives whenever life itself gets in the way. It can be picking up and moving to a new town, dating a new partner or starting a new job. Its all about grabbing the proverbial bull by the horns and adjusting. This is exactly the scenario in which nose tackle Montravius Adams and cornerback Ahkello Witherspoon were thrown into as they were picked up and integrated into the Steelers 2021 defense.

Once a third round pick of Green Bay in the 2017 NFL Draft, Adams career got off to a rocky start as he failed to live up to draft expectations, bouncing from Green Bay to New England, then to the Saints practice squad. This is exactly where Pittsburgh plucked him from late last November and he helped out tremendously down the stretch, considering the injuries that the team had sustained along their defensive front. The team just recently signed Adams to a two-year extension

Witherspoon is another former third-round pick from that 2017 draft whom the Steelers acquired early last September. He provided great depth and due to an injury by starting corner Joe Haden, Witherspoon started a few games down the stretch, and leading the team with three picks on the season. Much like Adams, he recently parlayed his play into a two-year extension with the team. Judging by Mike Tomlins comments regarding the two during an AFC coach media session at the NFL Owners Meetings this morning, count him amongst those who sees plenty of untapped potential for the upcoming season.

Its an interesting discussion because its two guys that got on a moving train a year ago, he said via the Steelers YouTube channel. Im just really excited about continuing to do work with them, to have them for the totality of the journey. Both guys gave us admirable contributions in the manner in which they came to us and so its reasonable to expect those contributions to be more significant and more fluid having an opportunity to be a part of us from day zero.

The ending there is meaningful, as day zero is very important. All the offseason workouts, the OTAs, and training camp (whether it be a return to Latrobe or held at Heinz Field) will all be something Adams and Witherspoon can take part in. An NFL playbook is no walk in the park learning, so the extra time spent working on and perfecting the nuances of the defense will not only help out the two players, but the entire defense as a unit.

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Tomlin Believes Witherspoon And Adams Can Make Jump In 2022 - Steelers Depot

In recent weeks, the world has held its collective breath as Russia shelled, and then occupied, Chernobyl, the site of the worlds worst-ever nuclear reactor disaster, and Zaporizhzhia, the largest nuclear power plant in Ukraine. Not to mention Putins thinly veiled threats of nuclear war to those who support Ukraine. With these developments, the world consciousness has been reinvigorated with concern about nuclear radiation. But, the concern over radiation never waned for those in the American West, who continue to live with the disastrous health consequences from Cold War-era nuclear testing and production.

Kael Weston, a former diplomat and Democratic challenger to Senator Mike Lees (R-Utah) seat, announced his candidacy with one issue front and center: His opponent has failed to protect Utahns by supporting the bipartisan Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA), the bill championed by long-time Republican Senate leader and Utahn Orrin Hatch and currently sponsored by Senator Mike Crapo (R-ID). Can Weston win a Senate seat by advocating for RECA?

PREVENTING THE BILLS EXPIRATION

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention research shows that all people who were born in the contiguous US after 1951 have received some exposure to radiation from our Cold War-era nuclear testing. But, those in proximity to or downwind of testing sites face dramatically increased odds for cancer and other long-term health concerns. For many, including Westons father, the cost of living near nuclear testing sites has been their lives.

If Congress does not pass RECA, it is likely that impacted communities who have been waiting, some for as long as 77 years, will never see justice for the harm done to them.

Without congressional action, RECA will expire in July 2022. Because of the arbitrarily drawn lines of eligibility written into the original 1990 bill, many Downwinders and other impacted individuals, like many uranium workers, are not eligible for compensation both in Utah, and in states across the West and territories in the Pacific. Although the bill is championed by other Republican members of the Utah congressional delegation, notably Representatives Burgess Owens (R-UT) and Chris Stewart (R-UT), Weston is right that neither Utah senator is leading ongoing discussions that would expand RECA.

Currently, only Downwinders in particular counties in three states near the Nevada Test Site are eligible for any level of compensation and even existing compensation is inadequate given the soaring cost of health care. Radiation does not stop at county lines, and we have known for many years that winds carried fallout throughout Idaho, Montana, Colorado, Guam, New Mexico, Utah, Nevada, and Arizona. Shockingly, even people in the area surrounding the Trinity Test Site in New Mexico, where the first ever nuclear weapon was detonated, have never been eligible for compensation. Radiation-induced illness affects entire communities regardless of age, race, economic status, gender, or political affiliation. Expanding RECA would bring life-changing support to both potato farmers in Idaho and impacted Navajo and Pueblo people in the Four Corners region.

Its only right that the US should care for the people impacted by the development of our nuclear arsenal, the hidden victims of the Cold War. There are spaces where we have done this well that can serve as a roadmap. For example, the US government has taken care of coal miners with respiratory conditions and 9/11 first responders and victims that have been diagnosed with a related illness. RECA is very much in line with the care and concern Congress has shown other Americans harmed through no fault of their own. So, why pull the plug on Downwinders and uranium workers, especially when the bills have such bipartisan support?

RECA is a vital lifeline for individuals that live with the lifelong impacts of radiation, many of whom have been going bankrupt trying to cover the cost of cancer care. The maximum RECA compensation is $50,000. While no amount of money can bring back those killed by radiation poisoning, this pittance does not even cover the average $150,000 that cancer care costs in America today. The nuclear industrial complex already disproportionately harms the poor; to then bankrupt impacted individuals with medical debt is an additional level of harm and punishment that is beyond excuse or explanation.

MAKING IT RIGHT

Despite the fact that expanding and extending RECA is, historically, a bipartisan issue with bipartisan support, efforts to extend and expand the bill have fallen short.

In 1990, after building support in Congress for nearly 10 years, RECA was signed into law by President George H.W. Bush. An uphill battle from the beginning, Senators Hatch (R-UT) and Ted Kennedy (D-MA) worked together to ensure that at least some survivors of nuclear testing could make claims related to illnesses they endured as a result of radiation exposure. Two years before it would have expired, Congress, again on a bipartisan basis, amended RECA to expand benefits to more people and extend the benefits period for another 22 years. Unlike in 2000, however, Congress has left an extension to the eleventh hour, leaving at least tens of thousands of hopeful claimants in an anxious state of uncertainty.

As Senator Hatch stated in his testimony to the House Judiciary Committee in March 2021:

When [RECA] was passed, in 1990, it had true bipartisan support in both Houses of Congress. There were members of Congress from both sides of the aisle and from all over the Country. There were sponsors as liberal as Senator Ted Kennedy (D-Mass.) and as conservative as Congressman Jim Hansen (R-Utah). There were members of Congress from as far away as Rhode Island and Hawaii and as close to the test site as Nevada, Utah, and Arizona. It was truly a bipartisan effort then as it should be now.

Radiation affects all people, regardless of their socioeconomic status, race, or gender, and RECA claimants span the political divide. Though there are more Democratic than Republican cosponsors, the bill is far from partisan. Given the leadership of previous Utah Republicans, it is particularly glaring that both Utah Senators have thus far failed to cosponsor RECA. With Representatives Burgess Owens, Chris Stewart, and Blake Moore three of the states House members as cosponsors, and a nearly-unanimous state-passed resolution supporting RECA expansion and extension, the absence of the support of the states Senators Mitt Romney (R-UT) and Mike Lee (R-UT) feels particularly pronounced.

Skeptics of the legislation say theyre concerned about the cost. But, the human cost of radiation exposure is incalculable and the monetary cost of the RECA program is marginal, especially when compared to our continued investment in harmful weapons. The US spends just over $60 billion per year maintaining our nuclear arsenal and yet has only spent $2.5 billion on compensating RECA claimants over the past 31 years. Recently the House Republican leadership blocked adding just the extension to RECA to the Omnibus funding bill.

If Congress does not pass RECA, it is likely that impacted communities who have been waiting, some for as long as 77 years, will never see justice for the harm done to them. Senators Romney and Lee have the responsibility to act, if only to tell the American people that Congress can agree on one thing: When we poison our own people, we are willing to do what is necessary to make it right.

Tina Cordova is a seventh generation native New Mexican, a Downwinder, cancer survivor, and cofounder of the Tularosa Basin Downwinders Consortium.

Mac Hamilton is the Advocacy Director at Womens Action for New Directions, an organization committed to peace and security with justice.

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Nuclear Radiation is Becoming a Campaign Issue - Inkstick

In 2021, the gender gap in U.S. workforce participation hit an all-time low. But of course, substantial gender disparities persist in pay, leadership representation, access to resources, and many other key metrics. How can we make sense of all these different dimensions of gender equity in the workplace?

To begin to better understand these nuanced issues, its helpful to look to the broad body of research from a wide variety of academic disciplines that aims to improve our understanding of the unique challenges women face at work. Specifically, new and forthcoming research explores what happens when women are promoted into top management positions, the factors that continue to hinder female employees, and other critical questions for the modern workplace. Read on for a sampling of some of the most interesting and insightful recent research findings on these and other topics.

Much has been written about the importance of investing in more equitable promotion and development practices to improve gender representation in the higher ranks of organizations. But what changes once women actually make it to the top of the org chart? Several new research papers have explored different aspects of this question.

Firms use less gender-stereotyped language: One team of researchers conducted a machine learning analysis of 43,000 company documents and found that firms use less gender-stereotyped language after hiring women into senior leadership positions. This suggests that when companies hire female leaders, it can have a substantial, positive impact on the culture of the entire organization.

Women in top management teams earn less: On the other hand, another study leveraged 20 years of salary data from 1,500 companies to explore the impact of female leadership on pay equity, and found potentially less-encouraging results: Women (but not men) in top management teams earned less if they worked for a female CEO than if they worked for a male CEO.

Female leaders face more retaliation for moral objections: Other research looked at the impact of female leadership on an organizations ability to address unethical behavior among its employees. Researchers conducted a series of four studies, including an analysis of survey data from more than 33,000 U.S. federal government employees, and found that women in leadership positions were more likely than men to face retaliation for making moral objections to problematic behavior or activities. They argue that organizations should address this disparity by proactively (and equitably) addressing retaliatory behavior, and by encouraging all employees to speak up when they witness ethical issues at work.

Firms in crisis are more likely to appoint female leaders: In addition, an analysis of 26,000 executive appointments over 16 years found new evidence in support of the idea of a Glass Cliff (that is, the phenomenon whereby women are promoted into top leadership positions in which they may be unlikely to succeed). The study found that firms in a crisis were 50% more likely to appoint a female executive than those not in crisis. Although these appointments may have been well-intentioned, this data suggests that women may be more likely to be promoted into roles in which success is less likely, ultimately setting these leaders up to fail.

To be sure, weve made substantial progress in improving gender equity at work but research continues to shed light on the wide array of impactful (and sometimes quite subtle) barriers that still hold female employees and job candidates back. Specifically, several recent studies have looked at various factors that drive inequity in recruiting and professional development.

Firms invest less in women when regulations mandate more parental leave: One interesting study looked at how policies designed to better support women in the workplace can sometimes backfire: An analysis of 13,000 people across 19 countries found that in regions where regulations mandated that paid parental leave and childcare be more widely available, employers invested less in developing their female employees.

Female candidates who use less feminine language are less likely to be hired: Another study found that although women may feel inclined to downplay their femininity when applying to jobs in male-dominated fields, female candidates who used less feminine language in their cover letters were actually less likely to be hired. The researchers found that this is because attempting to appear less feminine can clash with hiring managers (potentially subconscious) gender stereotypes, leading them to evaluate these candidates less positively.

Gender disparities persist in many career negotiations: In addition, while gender differences in employees willingness to negotiate salary have been well-documented, a recent analysis found that there are other kinds of negotiations that can also have a similarly substantial impact on peoples career trajectories. Specifically, a review of more than 450 accounts of male and female employees career negotiations illustrated the importance of negotiations around issues such as workloads, work-life balance, and role definition. The authors suggest that while women may be more likely to experience resistance to requests for salary increases, these other areas may prove more fruitful in boosting womens long-term career prospects.

In an increasingly uncertain world, we all have more than enough reasons to be stressed out. But are there sources of workplace stress that continue to have a disproportionate impact on female employees? A handful of recent studies looked at various pressures and stresses that are more likely to affect women often in surprising and nuanced ways.

Women are more likely to experience a status-leveling burden:For example, a series of in-depth interviews with 45 surgeons shed light on a phenomenon the authors call the status-leveling burden. They find that women in higher-status, male-dominated roles are likely to feel more pressure than their male counterparts to present themselves as equal to female colleagues lower in the organizational hierarchy (in this case, nurses). This pressure can pose a challenge to women in high-ranking, traditionally male-dominated roles, as they attempt to navigate their own career growth while maintaining positive relationships with their colleagues up and down the org chart.

Women are less likely to ask for deadline extensions: Another paper found that women are less likely than men to ask for deadline extensions (even when deadlines are explicitly adjustable). As a result, female employees are more likely to experience stress related to deadlines, undermining both their wellbeing and performance. Based on these findings, the authors argue that mangers and organizations should implement formal policies to facilitate extension requests, rather than relying on individual employees to guess when it might be acceptable to ask for more time.

Women are more likely to take on menial tasks: Finally, researchers interviewed more than 100 professionals in the advertising industry over a 16-month period, and they found that female employees often end up doing menial or administrative tasks that are well outside their job descriptions in order to keep their male colleagues happy. The authors describe how women often take on roles such as mother,wife,babysitter, orcheerleader in order to reduce conflict and boost cooperation with their male counterparts. This not only means extra work for women, potentially reducing their ability to focus on more-valuable tasks, but it can also erode other peoples perceptions of these employees status (despite holding seemingly high-level job titles).

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Of course, this is just a small sampling of the wide array of research that examines the many facets of gender at work. As we celebrate the progress thats been made and continue working to address ongoing areas for improvement, its important to remember that these issues (and how we think about them) arent static. Rather, what we know about the hurdles and opportunities women face continues to evolve and improve as more data, analysis, and lived experiences come to light and we all have a shared responsibility to continue to ask questions, learn, and develop our own understandings of these critical, complex issues.

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Research Roundup: How Women Experience the Workplace Today - HBR.org Daily