Category Archives: History

Deep in the Earth beneath us lie two blobs the size of continents. One is under Africa, the other under the Pacific Ocean.

The blobs have their roots 2,900km below the surface, almost halfway to the centre of the Earth. They are thought to be the birthplace of rising columns of hot rock called deep mantle plumes that reach Earths surface.

When these plumes first reach the surface, giant volcanic eruptions occur the kind that contributed to the extinction of the dinosaurs 65.5 million years ago. The blobs may also control the eruption of a kind of rock called kimberlite, which brings diamonds from depths 120-150km (and in some cases up to around 800km) to Earths surface.

Scientists have known the blobs existed for a long time, but how they have behaved over Earths history has been an open question. In new research, we modelled a billion years of geological history and discovered the blobs gather together and break apart much like continents and supercontinents.

The blobs are in the mantle, the thick layer of hot rock between Earths crust and its core. The mantle is solid but slowly flows over long timescales. We know the blobs are there because they slow down waves caused by earthquakes, which suggests the blobs are hotter than their surroundings.

Scientists generally agree the blobs are linked to the movement of tectonic plates at Earths surface. However, how the blobs have changed over the course of Earths history has puzzled them.

One school of thought has been that the present blobs have acted as anchors, locked in place for hundreds of millions of years while other rock moves around them. However, we know tectonic plates and mantle plumes move over time, and research suggests the shape of the blobs is changing.

Our new research shows Earths blobs have changed shape and location far more than previously thought. In fact, over history they have assembled and broken up in the same way that continents and supercontinents have at Earths surface.

We used Australias National Computational Infrastructure to run advanced computer simulations of how Earths mantle has flowed over a billion years.

These models are based on reconstructing the movements of tectonic plates. When plates push into one another, the ocean floor is pushed down between them in a process known as subduction. The cold rock from the ocean floor sinks deeper and deeper into the mantle, and once it reaches a depth of about 2,000km it pushes the hot blobs aside.

We found that just like continents, the blobs can assemble forming superblobs as in the current configuration and break up over time.

A key aspect of our models is that although the blobs change position and shape over time, they still fit the pattern of volcanic and kimberlite eruptions recorded at Earths surface. This pattern was previously a key argument for the blobs as unmoving anchors.

Strikingly, our models reveal the African blob assembled as recently as 60 million years ago in stark contrast to previous suggestions the blob could have existed in roughly its present form for nearly ten times as long.

How did the blobs originate? What exactly are they made of? We still dont know.

The blobs may be denser than the surrounding mantle, and as such they could consist of material separated out from the rest of the mantle early in Earths history. This could explain why the mineral composition of the Earth is different from that expected from models based on the composition of meteorites.

Alternatively, the density of the blobs could be explained by the accumulation of dense oceanic material from slabs of rock pushed down by tectonic plate movement.

Regardless of this debate, our work shows sinking slabs are more likely to transport fragments of continents to the African blob than to the Pacific blob. Interestingly, this result is consistent with recent work suggesting the source of mantle plumes rising from the African blob contains continental material, whereas plumes rising from the Pacific blob do not.

While our work addresses fundamental questions about the evolution of our planet, it also has practical applications.

Our models provide a framework to more accurately target the location of minerals associated with mantle upwelling. This includes diamonds brought up to the surface by kimberlites that seem to be associated with the blobs.

Magmatic sulfide deposits, which are the worlds primary reserve of nickel, are also associated with mantle plumes. By helping target minerals such as nickel (an essential ingredient of lithium-ion batteries and other renewable energy technologies) our models can contribute to the transition to a low-emission economy.

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Volcanoes, diamonds, and blobs: a billion-year history of Earth's interior shows it's more mobile than we thought - The Conversation Indonesia

By: James Colgan March 30, 2022

Two of the most famous shots in Masters history belong to the same CBS cameraman.

The Masters/CBS

Theyre two of the most famous camera shots in Masters history. In fact, they might even be two of the most famous camera shots in golf history.

Roll back the tape and watch them both. Theres Tiger and Earl Woods, circa 1997. Tiger has just conquered the world, becoming the first Black golfer ever to win the Masters at the tender age of 21. Watch as tears well in Tigers eyes nestled in his fathers warmth WOODS emblazoned upon the back of Earls cap.

Now fast forward to 2021. Theres Hideki Matsuyama, the first Asian winner in tournament history. And theres his caddie, Shota Hayafuji, fulfilling the traditional caddie duty of removing the 18th flag. Then watch as Shota bows quietly in acknowledgment of Augusta National.

What you dont see what you cant see is that the man on the other side of the lens for both shots is the same. His name is Eric Leidel, and he is one of CBSs longest-tenured cinematographers (or cameramen, for the layman).

Leidel was a youngster at the Masters in 97 when he hustled over to the area next to the 18th green with a camera on his shoulder. As luck would have it, he would punctuate his first Masters as a cameraman by grabbing Earl and Tiger in full embrace. It was the shot of the tournament a moment that was replayed everywhere in the days following.

In 2021, Leidel succeeded legendary CBS Sports cameraman Davey Finch in the 18th Tower at Augusta National. As the tournament wrapped to his left and Hideki Matsuyama walked the path up to the clubhouse, Leidel spotted Matsuyamas caddie, Shota Hayafuji, headed toward the green. He trained his camera in the direction of the flagstick, careful to leave room at the top of the shot, and watched as Hayafuji grabbed the flag, removed it, and bowed toward the flag. Once again, Leidel had grabbed the shot of the tournament, which quickly made the rounds worldwide.

Down in Butler Cabin, Jim Nantz couldnt believe his eyes.

When [CBS Golf lead producer Sellers Shy] rolled it in, I was just awestruck, Nantz said Wednesday. The minute I laid eyes on it, it was so powerful. I called it the shot of the year in golf. Most times you would think it would be someone pulling off an up-and-down or a bunker shot thats holed to win a tournament, but to me that was my favorite shot in golf. Just the respect that was shown for the opponent, and in this case, the course. It was extraordinary.

That the shot was even captured is a testament to Leidel, Nantz explained Wednesday, who couldve very easily been anywhere else.

The action had long left that stage, Nantz said. He was up in the up in the tower alone and could have been breaking down at that point. He happened to just notice that the caddie was reentering the putting surface. So he took his camera, went over and framed it. Then he stayed with it.

The resultant camera shot placed Leidels work firmly in the annals Masters history. Again.

Its that kind of ingenuity that kind of presence of mind. Its an artist, really, Nantz said. He deserves all the credit in the world. We have great people. Their jobs are more meaningful than anyones, really. What they do to present the Masters through their lens is pretty amazing.

James Colgan is an assistant editor at GOLF, contributing stories for the website and magazine on a broad range of topics. He writes the Hot Mic, GOLFs weekly media column, and utilizes his broadcast experience across the brands social media and video platforms. A 2019 graduate of Syracuse University, James and evidently, his golf game is still defrosting from four years in the snow, during which time he cut his teeth at NFL Films, CBS News and Fox Sports. Prior to joining GOLF, James was a caddie scholarship recipient (and astute looper) on Long Island, where he is from.

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This CBS cameraman owns TWO of the greatest shots in Masters history - Golf.com

Uptown Partners plans to ask Pittsburgh City Council to designate 1817 Fifth Avenue, Uptown a historical site. The owner of the property claims in court documents that they have a buyer for the property, and they plan to take the home down and add apartments and retail in its place. "It tells the story of Uptown it tells how it was created," said Sabreena Miller, Uptown Partners of Pittsburgh Real Estate and Development Manager. "It tells about those Italian, Black and Jewish families that lived here and still live here."Uptown Partners consulting Historian Dr. David Rotenstein said the most prominent Italian American family lived in this home for 50 years and it should be preserved."Probably best known for a period of time between 1922 and 1972 when the Tito family owned it," Rotenstein said. "The Titos were prominent in bootlegging and in numbers gambling and they became very well known for buying the Latrobe Brewing Company at the end of prohibition."Rotenstein said it is also believed that Rolling Rock Beer was first sold in the beer distributor behind the Titos' home.Uptown Partners will hold an event outside the home Saturday, April 2, from 1-3 p.m. to share the home's history and encourage people to sign the petition to ask city council to designate the home as a historical site.Pittsburgh City Council is expected to hear arguments on the historical designation on April 20.Uptown Partners said they hope to take over the property and turn the home into either a museum or a restaurant and speakeasy.Pittsburgh's Action News 4 reached out to the attorney representing the homes owners, for comment. They have not responded.

Uptown Partners plans to ask Pittsburgh City Council to designate 1817 Fifth Avenue, Uptown a historical site.

The owner of the property claims in court documents that they have a buyer for the property, and they plan to take the home down and add apartments and retail in its place.

"It tells the story of Uptown it tells how it was created," said Sabreena Miller, Uptown Partners of Pittsburgh Real Estate and Development Manager. "It tells about those Italian, Black and Jewish families that lived here and still live here."

Uptown Partners consulting Historian Dr. David Rotenstein said the most prominent Italian American family lived in this home for 50 years and it should be preserved.

"Probably best known for a period of time between 1922 and 1972 when the Tito family owned it," Rotenstein said. "The Titos were prominent in bootlegging and in numbers gambling and they became very well known for buying the Latrobe Brewing Company at the end of prohibition."

Rotenstein said it is also believed that Rolling Rock Beer was first sold in the beer distributor behind the Titos' home.

Uptown Partners will hold an event outside the home Saturday, April 2, from 1-3 p.m. to share the home's history and encourage people to sign the petition to ask city council to designate the home as a historical site.

Pittsburgh City Council is expected to hear arguments on the historical designation on April 20.

Uptown Partners said they hope to take over the property and turn the home into either a museum or a restaurant and speakeasy.

Pittsburgh's Action News 4 reached out to the attorney representing the homes owners, for comment. They have not responded.

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Uptown home is center of battle: Preserve its history or tear down to add apartments and retail - WTAE Pittsburgh

Jada Pinkett Smith at the Oscars on Sunday. Mike Coppola/Getty Images hide caption

Jada Pinkett Smith at the Oscars on Sunday.

Will Smith has apologized for the dramatic turn of events at Sunday night's Academy Awards, in which the actor calmly marched across the Oscars stage and smacked presenter Chris Rock for a dig the comedian had taken at Jada Pinkett Smith and her shaved head.

The moment was bluntly condemned on Monday by the Academy. But the display jarring as it was in a room of perfectly coiffed, elegantly dressed A-listers led to what many in Black hair care saw as an unfortunate but important moment in the discussion of Black hair and what it means to protect Black women.

"Jada, I love you. GI Jane 2, can't wait to see you," Rock said as he prepared to present the award for best documentary feature.

Pinkett Smith has been vocal about her struggles with alopecia and appeared immediately uncomfortable at the barb. Initially, Will Smith seemed to laugh along with the joke, but mere moments after the bit had left Rock's mouth, Smith took to the stage and slapped the comedian, open palm, across the face.

"Wow," a stunned Rock said, followed by another sentence with an expletive.

Many online were quick to denounce the brief exchange between the two men as an unfortunate outburst of violence between two of Hollywood's living Black legends.

But to others, the moment, while perhaps unfortunately displayed at such a high-profile event, struck a chord.

For once, they said, here was a Black man publicly sticking up for his Black wife and her Black hair on a stage where Blackness has historically been overlooked or outright shunned.

"You don't play about a black woman's hair, especially when you have alopecia," said Evelyn West, a Cincinnati braider who specializes in protective styles for Black women with alopecia.

West goes by the handle @LeomiaWest on TikTok and has been doing hair for nearly two decades. She is self-taught in styling Black women with severe hair loss.

"Our hair is our crown," West said. "[Rock] is making fun of her having alopecia, which is something that she cannot control."

"He won't make another joke like that again," West added.

Will Smith slaps Chris Rock onstage during the 94th Oscars on Sunday. Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images hide caption

Will Smith slaps Chris Rock onstage during the 94th Oscars on Sunday.

That was a sentiment shared by some across social media, where Black women and gender minorities expressed dismay that Rock would seek to make Pinkett Smith's baldness a punchline, especially at an event that historically has been overwhelmingly white and male.

"Beyond offensive for Chris Rock, as the Black male host of a historically and predominantly white awards show honoring talent within an equally white industry, to get a chuckle out of his audience by making a Black woman's hair loss and autoimmune disorder the butt of a joke," one Twitter user wrote, garnering thousands of likes and retweets.

"The racial divide between these reactions to Will [Smith] is...interesting," wrote another. "Sorry but Chris Rock was vile for going after a chronically ill black woman over her hair."

The history of Black hair in America is littered with painful chemicals and processes meant to straighten Black curls and kinks to appeal more broadly to white audiences. Even up to the modern day, attempts to make Black people conform to white beauty standards have been officially sanctioned in classrooms and workplaces across the country.

As recently as last year, the U.S. Army announced changes to its grooming policies to allow for a broader range of hairstyles popular among Black people. And earlier this month, the U.S. House voted to pass the CROWN Act, which would ban race-based hair discrimination at work, federal programs and public accommodations.

Even among those who disagreed with Rock seeming to make light of Pinkett Smith's health issue, the issue of Smith engaging with the comedian physically was viewed as an unnecessary escalation of violence.

"I think Black people understood Will's reaction but did not necessarily condone it," said Kevin Jackson, a licensed cosmetologist and salon owner from New Rochelle, N.Y. "Of course violence is not something we want to promote. There are, however, limits to how much disrespect one can take."

Jackson works primarily with Black women, and at his studio, Before and After Salon, he specializes in hair extensions for women with alopecia.

Both Jackson and West the Cincinnati hair braider said their clients with alopecia have gone so far as to hide the extent of their hair loss even from their closest friends and family.

"I have clients who don't even allow their own husbands to see their hair in that state," said Jackson. "Their privacy is very important to them, and they take even more pride in their appearance. Seeing her face after the joke was made was definitely heartbreaking because you can tell it affected her deeply, which in turn prompted Will's reaction."

That was a point that some social media users focused on, noting that Chris Rock had years earlier starred in a documentary called "Good Hair," which examines Black women's relationship to their hair and the historic precedent for modern Black hairstyles.

During the documentary, Rock sits down with celebrity interior designer Sheila Bridges, who famously sports a bald head the result of her own battle with alopecia.

"In case you want to understand the trauma Jada and other Black women experience because of their hair, this clip is, ironically, from the #ChrisRock documentary "Good Hair". He absolutely knew better," one Twitter user noted.

After the slap, Will Smith was reportedly taken aside by actors Denzel Washington and Tyler Perry. During his later acceptance speech for best actor, Smith took a moment to apologize to the Academy and speak to his view on the importance of defending one's family.

"Now I know, to do what we do, you've got to be able to take abuse. You got to be able to have people talk crazy about you," Smith said, telling the crowd that he wants to be "a vessel for love" in a five-minute speech that earned him a standing ovation.

Late into the evening on Monday night, the day after the incident, Smith wrote an extended message on Instagram in which he apologized to Rock, explaining that the joke about his wife's medical condition had pushed him over the edge.

"Violence in all of its forms is poisonous and destructive. My behavior at last night's Academy Awards was unacceptable and inexcusable. Jokes at my expense are a part of the job, but a joke about Jada's medical condition was too much for me to bear and I reacted emotionally," he wrote.

"I would like to publicly apologize to you, Chris. I was out of line and I was wrong. I am embarrassed and my actions were not indicative of the man I want to be. There is no place for violence in a world of love and kindness."

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The long history of Black hair in America took center stage at the Oscars - NPR

Last Friday, Cultured magazines senior editor, Elizabeth Fazzare, hosted a private breakfast at Stellar Workss new showroom in Chinatown, New York in celebration of Womens History Month. Alongside Stellar Works and Ruinart, Fazzare gathered an impressive group of women to honor their work in architecture, design and the arts. Notable guests included Arielle Assouline-Lichten of Slash Objects, Lora Appleton of the Female Design Council and lighting designer Anna Karlin alongside many other architects, artists, designers and writers.

Stellar Works is a Shanghai-based furniture design brand that represents the rebirth of tradition, fusing long-standing Asian cultures and aesthetics with the light of the present and modernity. The lively brunch was hosted in the companys first permanent United States showroom on Canal Street in Manhattan, in a spacious 4,000-square-foot space that was the former home to Pearl Paint and holds the companys ever-growing furniture collection and designer collaborations. It also is home to the first-ever physical space for the Brooklyn-based wallcoverings company, Calico Wallpaper.

Upon arrival, guests mingled over perfectly chilled Ruinart Blanc des Blancs champagne, coffee and tea. The powerhouse women socialized in the Stellar Works showroom in Chinatown, formerly the home of Pearl Paint. Once seated, guests were treated to a beautiful brunch by Chef Catherine Rojas. Menu highlights included avocado toast on bread from local She Wolf Bakery, spinach and goat cheese frittatas as well as an assortment of fresh-out-the-oven pastries and scones. Brunch was served on dishware by Departo, a home goods company based in New York and born of a collaboration between Stellar Works and Yabu Pushelberg.

Fazzare took a moment to speak to the group about the importance of building a strong community of women in the long-standing male-dominated fields of architecture and design while Stellar Works managing director Andrew Yang shared a few words about celebrating designers in their beautiful new space.Organizing this brunch was the perfect way to honor the successes of every woman at the table.

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Powerhouse Women in Architecture and Design Gather to Celebrate Women's History Month with Cultured, Stellar Works and Ruinart - Cultured Magazine

How often hasBulls starLonzo Ball been injured in his career?

Chicago Bulls starting point guard Lonzo Ball is currently sidelined after undergoing meniscus surgery back in January. Ball has had his fair share of injuries throughout his career, including a pair a meniscus tears that have kept him off the court for quite some time. And this year, his absence has truly shown how valuable he is as a player on both sides of the ball.

Heres a comprehensive look at Balls injury history to date.

This list isnt an indicator that Ball is damaged goods or that he isnt going to be able to come back strong. There isnt a single NBA player without an injury history especially among those who play hard defense. Ball has returned from most the injuries on this list and has improved his game each season, as Bulls fans learned firsthand when it came to his jump shot.

In January, Ball suffered a meniscus tear in his left knee on Jan. 14 against the Golden state Warriors. Theteam initially thought the injury was a knee bruise. Further evaluation later revealed the tear, and he underwent surgery to address the injury on Jan. 28.

Ball has been out since. He suffered a setback and his rehab has been paused for 10 days.

Following the Christmas break, Ball was sidelined for 10 days after contracting the COVID-19 virus. The Bulls as a team were hit hard by the COVID-19 protocols in December, with a total of 13 players being sidelined for a portion of that month.

At the time, the Bulls were 22-9 and Ball was having a career year from beyond the arc.

The New Orleans Pelicans season wasnt what they expected last year, and Balls absence late in the season was a part of it. As they were in the race for the last play-in spot, Ball was unavailable due to a thumb sprain.

At the time, Ball was averaging 14 points, five rebounds and five assists. The Pelicans missed the play-in and Ball took his talents to Chicago.

Ball missed 11 games due to a hip flexor strain. He initially tried to come back after missing seven games but was unable to shake the hip soreness.

The Pelicans were without Ball for three games in Jan. 2021 because of bilateral knee tendinopathy. It was the first time he was on the injury report that season. He was averaging 12 points and six assists at that point.

Ball injured his adductor (groin) in the Pelicans loss to the Brooklyn Nets on Nov. 4. He initiallytried to play through the injury, but had to sit out a total of six games. He had started the season strong, averaging a then-career-high 11.5 points with 6.1 assists and 4.5 rebounds while shooting a career-best 36% from three.

Balls tenure with the Lakers was filled with unlucky breaks. In his second season, the Lakers had to shut Ball down for the season due to a Grade 3 ankle sprain he sustained against the Houston Rockets on Jan. 19.Ball left the Rockets game in the third quarter after colliding then-Rockets guard James Harden.

He was originally projected to only miss 4-6 weeks. Whenevaluated in late February, though, it was determined that Ball still needed more time to recover. The decision to shut him down for the season came in March after the second evaluation.

Ball missed much of his rookie season behind knee soreness that eventually required surgery.This injury has proven to have a long-term effect on Ball as hes still dealing with the side effects.After his rookie season, he underwent arthroscopic knee surgery, partially removing the meniscus to cut out the damaged piece. A study conducted byNational Library of Medicineshowed that pain and/or effusion in the knee after the return-to-sport were found in 22% of the athletes with meniscus operations.

Prior to the Lakers Christmas Day game, Ball was ruled out with a shoulder sprain and missed six games.

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Lonzo Ball injury history and updates - Pippen Ain't Easy

We are going OFF THE RAILS here as we continue to prep for another OFD Podcast during the spring football season for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish. I made some very strong comments about Brian Kellys tenure at Notre Dame a few weeks ago. A lot of that stems from a topic Ive had on my mind for a while... what is the most interesting decade in Notre Dame Football history?

The most interesting doesnt have to be the best or the worst even though they can definitely can be for any individual out there. Whats the decade that draws you in with good vibes, or insanity, or rage, or whatever?

Take a quick listen to the podcast episode in the player below, and give me your thoughts. Do you agree? Do you have a different decade? Whats your reasoning? I promise... Im not trying to screw you like a hot dog machine.

Please RATE and Review! All reviews left on Apple Podcasts will be read on the next OFD Podcast.

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What is the most interesting decade in Notre Dame Football history? - One Foot Down

TikTok appears to be testing a new Watch History feature that should save you from the mental anguish of trying to locate that video you couldve sworn you saved, as reported by TechCrunch. It looks like TikTok may finally give us a straightforward way to browse through a running list of the videos weve seen on the app.

Social media consultant Matt Navarra retweeted findings from Twitter user Hammod Oh, who frequently unearths upcoming features on various social platforms. Ohs screenshot indicates the Watch History option will appear under the Content and Activity heading of your settings.

There still arent many details about what the Watch History page will look like or how it will compile your previously watched videos. The Verge reached out to TikTok about the potential feature but didnt immediately hear back.

The absence of a watch history button has led most of us to search for workarounds and while there are some, theyre nowhere near as simple as just tapping into a Watch History button. One process involves filtering your search results by videos youve seen, while another requires you to download all of your TikTok data just to find a single video. If TikTok does come through with this feature, it should save us all a lot of time.

See the article here:

TikTok is testing a 'Watch History' so you can finally find that video you saw - The Verge

By Insider Staff - Mar 30, 2022 |

March 31, 1968: Nineteen days after Sen. Eugene McCarthy captured 42 percent of the Democratic vote in the New Hampshire primary, President Lyndon B Johnson tells a national television audience: I shall not seek, and I will not accept, the nomination of my party for another term as your president.

April 1, 2000: Concords Matt Bonner gets a taste of Final Four basketball as a freshman, scoring four points and grabbing two rebounds in 14 minutes of play. His team, the University of Florida, defeats North Carolina, 71-59, to advance to the championship game.

April 1, 1817: There is still good passing on ice on the river with horses, Benjamin Kimball, a Merrimack River ferryman, writes in his diary.

April 1, 1997: In a bout of April Fools weather on baseballs Opening Day, Concord gets seven inches of snow. Jaffrey gets 27 inches.

April 1, 1878: Shortly after midnight, April Fools pranksters dig up the body of executed murderer Joseph Lapage. They take it to the State House yard and suspend it from a gibbet-shaped water pipe frame. Special Detective E.B. Craddock and Officer Foster cut it down and bring it to Fosters stable behind the Phenix Hotel.

April 2, 1994: Speaking in Representatives Hall to the New Hampshire Historical Societys annual meeting, Donald Hall says of his poem Kicking the Leaves, whose subject is his moving to New Hampshire in 1975: I didnt know we were going to settle here, but the poem did.

April 2, 1851: Concords town meeting votes to end the tolling of bells at funerals. The practice, the resolution says, is productive of no good, and may, in case of the illness of the living, result in evil.

April 2, 1835: A second temperance society is formed in Concord. It calls itself the Concord Total Abstinence Society and will attract mainly middle-aged men. The citys Temperance Society already has 262 members, including 92 women.

April 3, 2003: Manchester will be home to a minor league baseball team by this time next year, city officials announce. The Boston Red Sox have agreed to allow the New Haven Ravens to move from Connecticut to Manchester, giving baseball fans the chance to attend minor league games in the Queen City for the first time since 1971.

April 3, 1945: Word reaches Concord that Staff Sgt. F. Hamilton Kibbee was killed on Jan. 31 while a prisoner of war in Germany. His wife Mary, who lives on South Street, last heard from him Jan. 7. The Kibbees have two children, ages 4 and 21 months.

April 3, 1917: A law takes effect allowing for the use of prison labor on state roads and in state forests. Progressive Republicans proposed and supported the measure, which will see little or no use in the 15 years it is in effect.

April 3, 1865: Concords church bells ring and a cannon fires in response to news of the overwhelming defeat of Gen. Robert E. Lees army at Petersburg, Va.

April 3, 1905: Douglas Everett is born. Everett will become a member of the 1932 U.S. Olympic hockey team, win a silver medal and be inducted into the U.S. Hockey Hall of Fame. The Everett Arena in Concord will be named in his honor.

April 3, 1994: Pitching for the St. Louis Cardinals on Opening Day, Concords Bob Tewksbury defeats the Cincinnati Reds. The highlight is Tewksburys two-run double over the head of Reds center fielder Roberto Kelly.

April 4, 2003: Two weeks into spring, the greater Concord area wakes up to 6.4 inches of snow and promises of more to come.

April 4, 2002: Former honors student and student council president Robert Tulloch spurns his lawyers advice and admits to savagely killing two Dartmouth professors with his best friend.

April 4, 2001: Two .45-caliber bullets are found at Kingswood Regional High School in Wolfeboro as students arrive for the day. A search of the building finds no gun and no apparent threat to anyones safety.

April 4, 1983: Concord City Clerk Marjorie Foote retires after 19 years on the job. I knew just about everything that was going on with people in this city, she recalls.

April 4, 1946: Brooklyn Dodger management announces that two African American baseball players, Don Newcombe and Roy Campanella, have been assigned to its Nashua farm team. The citys population of 34,000 includes fewer than 50 African Americans. Frank Stawacz, sports editor of the Nashua Telegraph, writes: These two boys will have to be glaring standouts, else they will find an atmosphere much to their dislike even in these parts where color makes little or no difference.

April 4, 1974: Gov. Mel Thomson signs legislation reinstating the death penalty in New Hampshire. I feel like John Hancock when he finished putting his signature on the Declaration of Independence, he says. The new law calls for death by hanging.

April 4, 1924: Alf Jacobson is born. Jacobson will teach at Colby Sawyer College, be elected state Senate president and serve for many years in the House.

April 5, 2002: Charles Gravenhorst, a self-described pastor who hosts a late-night Christian show on Concord Community TV, is arrested on charges related to an alleged sexual assault in Maine.

April 5, 1816: In a rare self-appraisal, U.S. Rep. Daniel Webster of New Hampshire says his antiquated notions make it clear to him that he should have lived in generations that have gone by. His political career has stalled in the ruins of the Federalist Party. Four months later, Webster will move from Portsmouth to Boston and resume his rise on the national stage.

April 5, 1797: Jonas Chickering of New Ipswich is born. A prominent manufacturer, he will build 14,000 pianos in his day and strive to perfect an instrument that will remain in tune and fit for use regardless of the weather.

April 5, 1881: Fire badly damages the works of the Page Belting Co. The loss is estimated at $24,000.

April 6, 2002: As health insurance premiums rise by double digits, most New Hampshire health insurance companies are growing more profitable reversing losses in the late 1990s that forced some competitors out of the market, the Monitor reports.

April 6, 2000: The New Hampshire Senate votes, 12-11, to repeal the states inheritance tax, but the measure is doomed because its linked to a plan to legalize video gambling. The House, which has already ruled out gambling legislation, will eventually agree on the inheritance tax repeal. The governor, however, will veto it.

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This week in Concord history - The Concord Insider

Duke and UNC are close on the color wheel and geographically, but that's where the likeness ends.

GREENSBORO, N.C. There is a range of blues. We know exactly what blue it is not, which is pale blue, said Blyth Morrell, AVP of Digital & Brand at Duke University.

Rivals don't miss taking shots, even if it's about the clash on the color wheel! The history of Duke Blue dates back to when Duke was Trinity College.

Wouldn't you know, it was a game against UNC. The students cheered for their winning shade of blue.

The first version of Duke Blue goes back to that football game. The deep dark blue, that's the only reference that we have, said Morrell.

The next mention of Duke Blue comes in the 1960s when they were trying to formalize commencement and the robes.

In our archives is this is the genesis of Prussian Blue. Those Prussian robes are still in use for commencement exercises today, said Morrell.

While the Prussian Blue is for commencement, Duke has two other shades of blue. Internally it is called Academic Blue, but it is also referred to as Duke Navy, and it is the official blue. In 2009, Duke Royal Blue was used for athletics, apparel, and promotional items.

Don't let this choice of blue confuse you. In an email, Morrell said, its the best blue.

HOW CAROLINA GOT ITS BLUE

The students created debate societies. Every Saturday night the Dialects and the Philanthropics debated. You knew what side you were on by where you came from.

Students were automatically put into one of these two societies based on where they lived. If you lived east of Orange County you would be part of the Philanthropic society, if you were from west of Orange County you would be Dialectic society, said Spencer Anderson, Manager of the UNC-Chapel Hill Visitor's Center.

Every time these two societies would debate against each other all members would show up wearing ribbons on their shirts. One group wore blue, the other white. In the 1800s athletics brought them together.

They decided when we're out on the athletic fields, we are one university, not two societies. So, they took the white and the blue and made those the official colors of the University of Carolina at Chapel Hill, said Anderson.

The official color has morphed over the years, but if you want to be true blue Carolina, it's Pantone color 542c.

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Duke Blue: A history of the Battle of the Blues - WFMYNews2.com