Category Archives: Food Supplements

In a time when well-done steak with ketchup may be the national dish of the United States, we may as well try to pass off jelly beans as a health food. Thats what bean-shaped candy giant Jelly Belly figures, anyway. The company has a line of Sport Beans that it markets as exercise supplements. Unfortunately for Jelly Belly, someone was tricked into thinking these sugary legume-shaped treats might actually be healthy, and they have filed a lawsuit against the company.

Jessica Gomez has filed a class-action suit in the United States District Court Central District of California, alleging Jelly Belly attempts to dupe consumers into thinking the Sport Beans do not contain sugar. Gomez alleges the products list of ingredients includes evaporated cane juice, which is, of course, sugar. She cites a warning from the Food and Drug Administration that calls this sort of labeling misleading because it does not reflect the common name.

Jelly Belly produces several varieties of Sport Beans, and as of this posting, an official website lists cane sugar as the top ingredient in each product. Its unclear if this reflects a change made since Gomez filed filed her lawsuit, but evidence suggests packaging previously listed the ingredient as evaporated cane juice. In a motion to dismiss the lawsuit, Jelly Belly called Gomezs claim nonsense.

No reasonable consumer could have been deceived by Sport Beans labeling Gomez could not have seen evaporated cane juice without also seeing the products sugar content on its Nutrition Facts panel, the motion reads. And she has pled no facts to suggest that athletes, who consume this product to sustain intense exercise, would want to avoid sugar rather than affirmatively seek it.

No matter the outcome of this case, the moral of the story is: Jelly beans are not health food, even if they bear the ridiculous name of Sport Beans. Do not consume jelly beans in an attempt to be healthy.

Jelly Belly Sued by Woman Claiming She Didn't Know Jelly Beans Contain Sugar [Fox] All Lawsuits Coverage [E]

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Woman Sues Over Jelly Bean Exercise Supplements Containing Sugar - Eater

A tweet last week from Project Nosh set my food-labeling-lawyer-head buzzing: Consumers are looking for snacks that arent just empty calories. Brands are providing everything from protein to anti-nausea properties. An anti-nausea claim on a food label can they say that?

As consumers more fully embrace the idea of food as medicine, and food companies jump to respond, food companies will find themselves asking that question, often stumbling through the fog of the Food and Drug Administrations (FDA) labeling-claims regulations in their efforts to market their products. Food companies that want to tout the health benefits of their products should take care to ensure that their claims do not get them into hot water, legally speaking.

One category of labeling claims causes the most confusioncalled structure/function claimsand is where that anti-nausea claim may fall.[1] The FDA explains that structure/function claims describe the role of a nutrient or dietary ingredient intended to affect the structure or function in humans or that characterize the documented mechanism by which a nutrient or dietary ingredient acts to maintain such structure or function, provided that such statements are not disease claims.

Basically, the FDA is saying you can talk about ways your food supports health, but dont make claims that would make your product a drug. But, of course, what constitutes a drug claim isnt always clear either. The FDA has provided ten criteria in a guidance document to help food companies determine whether a particular statement is a structure/function claim or a drug claim.

Some criteria are more obviouse.g., a statement that mentions a specific disease or class of diseases (e.g., protective against the development of cancer). On the other hand, some are less cleare.g., a statement that claims an effect on a condition associated with a natural state or process (e.g., helps with mild mood changes and cramps associated with the menstrual cycle versus helps with severe depression associated with the menstrual cycle). Additionally, a claim doesnt have to mention a disease explicitly; pictures, vignettes, and other implications can cause a statement to be characterized as a drug claim.

Further complicating things is the application of different requirements based on whether the product is a conventional food or a dietary supplement. Structure/function claims on conventional foods are limited to statements about the products nutritive value, while structure/function claims on dietary supplements can additionally focus on a products non-nutritive benefits.

Dietary supplements carrying structure/function claims must add a disclaimer that the claims have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease, while structure/function claims on conventional food are not required to bear the disclaimer. Structure/function claims on dietary supplements must be submitted to the FDA 30-days after first marketing the product, whereas conventional foods can use structure/function claims without notifying the FDA. Finally, of course, all structure/function claims require substantiation that is, both food and supplement companies must be able to show the FDA that the claims made on the label are true based on competent and reliable scientific evidence.

Dietary supplements carrying structure/function claims must add a disclaimer that the claims have not been evaluated by the FDA and are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease, while structure/function claims on conventional food are not required to bear the disclaimer.

Back to Project Noshs tweet: most of the claims food companies want to make about the health benefits of their products will fall into the structure/function category. It behooves food companies to carefully consider any claims theyd like to make on their product labels that might fall into the structure/function category of claims. The anti-nausea properties mentioned in Project Noshs tweet, if on a label, might make the FDA characterize the food product a drug. However, without more information about the product and the claim, it is difficult to know for sure. After all this thinking about structure/function claims, my head is spinning. Do they have a food for that?

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Let Food Be Thy Medicine, But Mind Your Words - Lexology (registration)

A spike in recalled units by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was driven by nutritional supplements, according to the Stericycle ExpertSOLUTIONS Q1 2017 index.

FDA food-related recalls dropped 19% in Q1 to 200, but the number of actual units increased 507% to about 92 million products.

The spike was mainly driven by nutritional supplements, which accounted for more than 80% of food units recalled, mostly due to one large recall.

Kingsway Trading Inc. recalled Xanthium & Siler Combo (Bi Yan Pian) Dietary Supplement because it contained banned Ephedra Alkaloids in February and A&H Focal Inc. took action on 21 products which could contain undeclared erectile dysfunction ingredients in the quarter.

FDA product categories based on recalls were prepared foods (16%), baked goods (14.5%) and dairy (10.5%).

Supplements (28.2%) and baked goods (27.9%) combined to make up 56.1% of FDA recalled units in Q4 2016.

Recalls down, units up

Michael Good, VP of marketing and sales operations, said Q1 was a mixed bag for the food and beverage industry.

On the one hand, recalls dropped 19%, and its the first time weve observed a decline in that measurement since Q1 2016, he told FoodQualityNews.

On the other hand, the number of units recalled increased. And even when you isolate the large supplement issue, recalled units still would have gone up compared to Q4 2016.

The 507% increase wasnt entirely related to supplements but was a substantial portion of it, said Good.

While this category doesnt often lead, in 2016 supplements were the fifth highest category in recalls and fourth highest in terms of recalled units. If companies can improve their supply chain track and trace methods, that can help them isolate the issue and reduce the impact of the recall.

In Q1 2017 there were five recalls with more than one million units each. In Q1 2016 there were none. In fact, four of those five recalls each accounted for more units than all the recalls in Q1 2016 combined.

Reasons behind the recalls

Top FDA food recall causes based on units were quality issue (80.1%), bacterial contamination (11.6%), undeclared allergen (7.2%) and other (1.1%).

As well as the supplement recall, there were other quality issues in Q1, including premature spoilage, uneviscerated fish, packaging defects, undercooked chicken, and an off odour and taste.

The two main causes of bacterial contamination recalls were Listeria and Salmonella. Salmonella affected more recalls (64.9% vs. 32.5%) but Listeria was behind more recalled units (81.9% vs. 18%).

Bacterial contamination made up a lower percentage of recalled units because the supplement issue dominated, said Good.

In fact, if you remove that recall, bacterial contamination would have accounted for nearly 54% of recalled units.

Looking at the number of recalls, bacterial contamination was the leading cause with 38.5% of FDA food recalls. By contrast, quality issues accounted for just 12% of FDA recalls.

The number of international FDA food recalls shifted from 23 (9%) in the last quarter to 21 (11%).

USDA recalls consistent

Poultry was the top USDA recall category for the second quarter in a row and foreign materials and misbranding accounted for more than 82% of recalled pounds.

USDA recalls stayed at 32, while recalled pounds declined 10% to 2.5 million.

USDA recall activity stayed fairly consistent from Q4 2016 to Q1 2017, with recalls staying the same and recalled pounds dropping just 10%, said Good.

For the second quarter in a row, the main category was poultry, which accounted for 80.8% of the recalled pounds. The top causes based on recalled pounds were foreign materials at 41.8% and misbranding at 40.5%.

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Supplements cause spike in recalls - Stericycle - FoodQualityNews.com

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With the growing prevalence of lifestyle related disease, people are preferring to adopt a healthy lifestyle and preventive healthcare.

In addition, growing awareness regarding the various healthcare diseases and preference for a healthy lifestyle, has led consumers to prefer health related supplements that enhance bodily functions and promotes health. The global natural health supplements market is expected to witness a growth of 8.0% CAGR over the forecast period, 2016-2024.

A surge in the adoption of modern lifestyle patterns in parallel to growing urbanisation has led to increasing prevalence of various diseases such as high blood pressure, obesity and diabetes. In addition, growing awareness regarding lifestyle diseases will propel growth of the global natural health supplements market in the coming years. Moreover, people are increasingly shifting towards products that offer healthy options and relatively less negative impacts. Additionally, increasing government funding for the research and development regarding nutritional supplements will further impact growth of the natural health supplements market globally in the coming years.

Growing adoption of self and direct medical practices is propelling growth of the global natural health supplements market in the coming years. Furthermore, upsurge in demand for natural health supplements among old population suffering from disorders related to joints and bones is likely to fuel growth of the global natural health supplements market over the coming years.

Apart from various factors fueling growth of the natural health supplements market, growing trends of digitalization and e-commerce platforms will significantly boost growth of the global natural health supplements market in the coming years. Furthermore, manufacturers of health supplements will further remain inclined towards formulation of natural health supplements with increasing demand for natural health supplements in the global market in the coming years.

Marine among various sources will hold relatively high market share of nearly 43% in the natural health supplements market globally over the coming years. Marine will witness a growth of 8.6% CAGR by the end of 2024. Plant sources among others have been an ancient source of extracting natural ingredients, whereas marine source will witness a significant growth over the coming years. Women consumers among various demographics of consumers will mainly remain the key targets for manufacturers. Product offerings and development of manufacturers of natural health supplements market will remain mainly focused on women and senior citizens over the coming years.

Asia Pacific among other regions is likely to project relatively high contribution of APAC in terms of revenues in the span of next seven years. In addition, the natural health supplements market in APAC will further register relatively fast revenue growth, and will further grow at 8.5% CAGR over the coming years. North America among other regions will represent a lucrative region for the natural health supplement market globally in the coming years. Canada and U.S. among other countries of North America will account for US$22Bn in the span of next seven years.

Leading manufacturers operating in the global natural supplements market include Omega Protein Corporation, Herbalife International Inc., Evonik Industries AG, Archer Daniels Midland Company, The Natures Bounty Co., Amway Corporation, Blackmores Limited, Naturex SA, Nutraceutical International Corporation and United Naturals Food, Inc.

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Global Natural Health Supplements Market to Grow at 8.0% CAGR - New Food

Photo iStockphoto.com/pkline

Daily consumption of phytosterols by millions of adults with severe hypercholesterolemia could save the EU 5.3 billion per year in healthcare costs, according to new Frost & Sullivan analysis, Healthcare Cost Savings of Phytosterol Food Supplements in the European Union. The study was conducted on behalf of nonprofit trade group Food Supplements Europe (Brussels, Belgium) to determine what kinds of healthcare costs savings could be realized in the EU through phytosterol supplementation.

Hypercholesterolemia is the presence of high levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood and has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Phytostesterols, which are plant sterols and stanols whose molecules are very like cholesterol molecules found in humans, have been proven to reduce levels of LDL cholesterol. Frost & Sullivan researchers estimate that the costs of CVD-related hospital events to the EU healthcare system will be a whopping 1.328 trillion between 2016 and 2020, or 266 billion per year. In their analysis, Frost & Sullivan researchers estimated what the reduced cost burden would be if adults with hypercholesterolemia over the age of 55 supplemented with 1.7 g of phytosterols daily. They found that26.5 billion over five years, or 5.3 billion per year, could be saved.

The World Health Organizations (WHO) Global Health Observatory (GHO) calculates that hypercholesterolemia is more prevalent in Europe than anywhere else in the world, with 54% of the population over the age of the 25 diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia, and 20% with severe hypercholesterolemia. The results of this study are significant because, by the researchers conservative estimates, 31.1 million adults over the age of 55 across the EU are living with severe hypercholesterolemia. As a result, they are significantly more likely to experience a CVD-related hospital event.

This latest phytosterols report is the third in a series of Frost & Sullivan analyses commissioned by Food Supplements Europe, which is a trade group representing the food-supplements industry. The other two, which were also conducted with the aim of finding ways to cut healthcare costs in the EU through supplementation, were published in 2016 and February 2017. The first study found that daily consumption of 1,000 mg of omega-3 EPA plus DHA food supplementation in the EU could save 13 billion a year in healthcare costs, and the second explored the cost saving benefits of calcium plus vitamin D supplementation to avoid bone fractures in people with osteoporosis. The results of that study indicated potential healthcare cost savings of 3.96 billion per year.

Food Supplements Europe chair Ingrid Atteryd said in a press release: A very clear picture is emerging of the significant economic and wellbeing benefits that could be achieved by encouraging more widespread food supplementation among those sections of the EU population at greatest risk of experiencing a CVD-attributed hospital event.

Link:

Daily Phytosterol Consumption Could Reduce LDL Cholesterol and Save the EU Billions Per Year - Nutritional Outlook

The pressure to look great weighs heavily on many. From people who want to lose weight to improve their overall health to those who want to lose weight to fit their ideal beauty standards, the dietary supplement industry regulates itself. According to a report done by ABC News, the weight loss industry makes $20 billion each year from weight loss surgeries, supplements, and diet books. This is good news for the dieting industry, but what about the general public? Lets check it out.

The downside of dietary supplements is that without healthy lifestyle choices, many dieters gain back the weight after they quit the supplement. For this reason, dieting is a vicious cycle for many people. One report shows that dieters may attempt to lose weight 4-5 times each year, often either giving into cravings and binge eating or quitting their supplements and gaining back the weight. The good news is that there are steps you can take to avoid this keep reading to learn more.

photo/pixabay public domain pictures

In the last decade, supplements like Garcinia Cambogia and Green Tea Extract, with many others, that make claims their product can melt away your fat. In many cases, the ingredients can make an improvement to your overall weight when they are supplemented in the right amounts. Unfortunately, while manufacturers of dietary supplements are required to ensure the ingredients in their supplements are safe enough for consumption and cannot make misleading claims, they do not have to prove their products are effective. This is because unlike prescription drugs, dietary supplements are not regulated by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration).

This has led to many supplement fads over the years, as people vouch for and dispute the effectiveness of drugs. In the next section, we will take a look at if these supplements are really as good as they claim and if the dietary industry is worth it to the consumer.

If you do a quick search on a dietary supplement like Garcinia Cambogia, you are likely to find before-and-after photos, with statements about how the supplement has changed someones life for the better. However, you will also find those that dispute the claims, saying that the supplement cannot possibly work. So, whats the truth?

The effectiveness of the supplement often depends on the concentration of its ingredients. Not every dietary supplement is created equally, especially since the industry is not regulated by the FDA. For example, a supplement like Garcinia Cambogia can help boost metabolism and suppress weight loss, but only when given in high enough doses to be effective. To get a better idea of a supplement is right for you, youll have to research the facts behind each formulation. Check out studies and what amounts have been effective for supplementation. Look for websites that compare nutritional and dietary supplements such to help you break down exactly what youre getting.

The pressure to fit into societal standards will always be there, as will the dieting industry. While the trends that drive sales will change, companies simply need to offer new supplements to keep up with the latest research. By doing this, the dieting industry regulates itself. If you are trying to lose weight, the best thing you can do is do your own research on any nutritional or dietary supplements before you try them. Find out exactly what each supplement does and always research the quality of a supplement before deciding it is the right choice for you. If you have any questions, do not be afraid to turn to a doctor or dietician for help.

Author: Pankaj Deb

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Dietary Supplements: The Face of a Self-Regulating Industry - The Global Dispatch

Market Analysis

Summary

Probiotics are live microorganisms that are deliberated to have health benefits. Products which are sold as probiotics include foods (such as yogurt), dietary supplements, and products that are not used orally, such as skincreams. Popular probiotic products existing in the market include Amway Nutrilite Fiber, Herbalife Activated Fiber, HealthAid Acidophilus plus 4 Billion, Zenith Nutrition Probiotic Immune etc. Although more research is needed, there is an encouraging evidence that probiotics may help treat diarrhoea, especially following treatment with certain antibiotics, prevent and treat vaginal yeast infections and urinary tract infections, treat irritable bowel syndrome, speed treatment of certain intestinal infections, prevent or reduce the severity of colds and flu. Side effects due to probiotics are rare and most healthy adults can safely add foods that contain prebiotics and probiotics to their diets for better health and strong immune system.

Importance and scope

Probiotics food & beverages had the highest penetration in 2015, and this trend is expected to continue over the next eight years. Differentiated product portfolio and continued innovation in the sector are the primary reasons for this scenario.

Probiotics are finding acceptance in applications such as skin health. Development of proprietary formulation techniques is undertaken by companies to cater to customized needs.

Asia Pacific is expected to witness the highest growth of 7.7% over the next eight years. High population density and percentage of the youth population in countries such as India coupled with rising disposable income are expected to contribute to the market growth.

A major part of market share is held by very few companies. Companies are trying innovative techniques for customer engagement. Mergers & acquisitions are carried out to increase regional presence as well as market share.

Industry participants majorly include Chr. Hansen Holding A/S, Danone, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Nestle, Probi AB, Danisco A/S, Lallemand Inc., and Arla Foods, Inc.

Probiotics Market

The global market of probiotics ingredients, supplements, and foods reached nearly $23.1 billion in 2012. This market is expected to grow to nearly $27.1 billion in 2013 and $36.7 billion in 2018 with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6.2% over the five-year period from 2013 to 2018 with further projections determined to exceed US $63 billion by 2022, driven by growing clinical evidence supporting the effectiveness of probiotics in general health maintenance and disease treatment. Probiotic therapy is growing in polularity in the treatment of lactose intolerance, lipid metabolism, oxalte metabolism, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), ulcerative colitits, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), eczema, allergic rhinitis, infectious diarrhea, necrotizing enterocolitis and helicobacter pylori.Japan, Europe and the United States represents major market worldwide. Asia-pacific ranks as the fastest growing market with a CAGR of 12.7% over the analysis period. However, the probiotics market is still at a relatively novice stage, with lack of clarity on usage patterns among consumers, this is expected to play a critical role in market development over the next six years. Labeling regulations, especially in the U.S. and European Union, are also expected to have significant impact on market growth.

Food & beverages dominated the application market and accounted for over 80% of the total probiotics market, driven by growth of fermented meat, dairy, bakery, breakfast cereals, fats & oils, beverages, fish & eggs, meat, and soy products. Dietary supplements are expected to be the fastest growing application segment, at an estimated CAGR of 7.7% from 2012 to 2020.

"Food & beverages was the largest segment in 2015"

Probiotics food & beverages segment was the largest segment in 2015 and accounted for more than 85% of total revenue. This application includes dairy products, nondairy products, cereals, baked food, fermented meat products, and dry food probiotics.

Figure-1: Functional Food Market by Sector (% value)

"Human probiotics dominated the total demand in 2015"

Human probiotics accounted for more than 90% of total revenue in 2015. Growing health concerns and development of more effective probiotic strains is expected to aid the industry growth. Increasing standard of living, as well as disposable income in areas such as Asia Pacific, the Middle East and Africa as well as Central & South America, has been benefiting the overall market growth.

Animal feed bacteria are expected to show a steady growth over the next eight years. Companies have been trying to develop and market more effective probiotic strains aimed at improving health.

"Asia Pacific is expected to witness the highest growth from 2016 to 2024"

Asia Pacific dominated the global industry and accounted for more than 40%. Strong demand from countries such as India, China and Japan is the major contributing factor for this scenario. Rising population, growing awareness regarding probiotics usage and the strong presence of international players in the region are contributing to the market growth.

North America is expected to grow at an anticipated CAGR of 6.8% over the forecast period. Prevalent awareness regarding these product usages and rising preference for functional foods are the driving factors in the region. The Middle East & Africa and Central & South America are also expected to show modest growth over the forecast period.

"Companies investing heavily in R&D are a major market characteristic"

Major industry participants are investing heavily in R&D to develop more effective probiotic strains. The companies are also striving to develop products which find novel applications such as skin treatment. Third party R&D companies are employed to develop superior cultures to gain competitive advantage. High level of integration between raw material suppliers, manufacturers, suppliers and end users. Major industry participants include Danisco A/S, Danone, Chr Hansen, Nestle, Arla Foods, Inc., Probi and Lallemand Inc., S.A., China-Biotics, Inc., E. I. duPont de Nemours and Company, General Mills, Inc., Lifeway Foods, Inc., PROBI AB, BioGaia AB, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Mother Dairy and Chr. Hansen. The growing popularity of probiotics worldwide has attracted many new players to participate in this market.

Key Segments of the Global Probiotic Market

A. Global probiotics market, by application

B. Global probiotics market, by end use

C. Global probiotics market, by strain type

Grand View Research has segmented the probiotics market on the basis of application, end use and region:

1. Global Probiotics Application Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2014 - 2024

A. Probiotics food & beverage

B. Probiotics dietary supplements

2. Global Probiotics End Use Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2014 - 2024)

3. Global Probiotics Regional Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2014- 2024)

North America

Europe

Asia Pacific

Central & South America

Middle East & Africa

European Market

Europe is the second largest global market for probiotics after Asia-Pacific, cornering a share estimated to be 25% in 2014. Growth in demand for probiotics in the region is also likely to maintain a fast pace over the 2014-2020 analysis period. Germany and the United Kingdom are the two largest probiotics markets in Europe, with a combined share estimated at about 55% in 2014, with United Kingdom also expected to be the fastest growing. By product type, dietary supplements and functional foods & beverages are the largest, as well as the fastest growing segments.

Prevention and cure of disorders, such as lactose intolerance and inflammatory bowel disease are some of the benefits offered by probiotics, with rising health-consciousness levels and wider access to probiotic dietary supplements being the major factors sustaining growth. The past decade has been witness to the launch of more than 500 food & beverage probiotic products, which have garnered exceptional response in terms of acceptance. Some of the factors implicated in causes of digestive disorders, bloating and reduction in resistance to infections include poor and not-in-time diet, age and stress levels. Studies have revealed that consuming products enhanced with probiotics has been successful in moderating these conditions to a large extent.

Figure-2:European Probiotics Market Revenue By Product, 2014 - 2024 (USD Million)

Why London, UK?

London is a leadingglobal city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism, and transport. It is one of the world's leadingfinancial centres and has thefifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world. London is a world cultural capital. It is the world's most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has theworld's largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic. London is the world's leadinginvestment destination hosting moreinternational retailers andultra probiotics food & beverages had the highest penetration in 2015, and this trend is expected to continue over the next eight years. Differentiated product portfolio and continued innovation in the sector are the primary reasons for this scenario.

Industry participants majorly include Chr. Hansen Holding A/S, Danone, Yakult Honsha Co., Ltd., Nestle, Probi AB, Danisco A/S, Lallemand Inc., and Arla Foods, Inc. high-net-worth individuals than any other city. London's universities form the largest concentration of higher education institutes in Europe, and a 2014 report placed it first in the world university rankings. According to the report London also ranks first in the world in software, multimedia development and design, and shares first position in technology readiness.

Figure-3:Total Probiotics Market

List of Hospitals Research Centre:

London, UK

Worldwide

Major Probiotic Associations and Society

Companies Associated with Probiotics:

Top Nutrition Universities in UK

Target Audience

Figure-4:Target audience for Probiotics

Glance at Market and Funding for Probiotics Research

Figure-5: Projections Growth by next 5-10 years

Recent studies on Probiotics Market exhibit both the opportunities and forecasts during the period 2014-2022during which the global probiotics market is expected to reach$57.4 billionby 2022, registering a CAGR of 7.7% during the forecast period, 2016-2022.Asia-Pacificis presently dominant in the market and is expected to be the leading contributor in global revenue, due to its high adoption of probiotic based food and beverages. Bacteria derived probiotics would dominate the market throughout the forecast period as yeast strains are still under research and testing phase and approvals from the Food and Drug Administration would take time to implement. By end use, the probiotics market is segmented into animal probiotics and human probiotics. Human probiotics is in the lead by contributing nearly 90% of global revenue in 2015 and is forecasted to grow at a fastest rate of 7.8% during the period 2016-2022. Growth in awareness about the probiotics benefits among the consumers through various means such as publications, fact sheets, and conferences would help to grow among human end users.

1. Probiotic Microorganism

The term probiotic remains undefined legally in many countries, and regulatory approaches differ among countries worldwide. Diverse categories encompass probiotic products, including: food, functional food, novel food, natural remedy (Denmark Sweden and Finland), natural health product (Canada), dietetic food (Italy), dietary supplement (USA), biotherapeutic and pharmaceuticals (probiotic pharmaceuticals are available in Canada, China, eastern European countries, France, Germany, Belgium, Austria and Italy). There is no official definition of probiotic in Japanese regulation, but several probiotic and prebiotic products have achieved FOSHU (foods for specialized health use) status, with health statements being approved by the Japanese Ministry of HealthWhile few studies have established the minimum effective dose of a probiotic to convey a physiological effect, probiotic-induced changes are rarely seen at daily doses of less than 10810 colony forming units (cfu).24 However, one can only speculate as to how many probiotic cells reach target sites alive. Probiotic bacteria that are tolerant to acid stress would be expected to survive well during stomach passage. Genomic regions, identified through genome sequencing, that may help identify regions critical to the survival and functionality of commensal or probiotic organisms in their corresponding habitats might include: conserved versus distinct gene sets , genes resulting from recent horizontal transfer, altered GC contentislands/regions of adaptability.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th International Conference on Nutrition & Food Sciences May 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; IPA World Congress + Probiota Americas June 07-09 San Francisco; The global nutraceutical event May 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th International Conference on Probiotics in Veterinary Medicine April 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th World Congress on Targeting Microbiota October 2017 Paris, France; The International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics June 19 22 June 2017Budapest, Hungary; Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th International Conference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics Foods July 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th International Conference on Probiotics and Functional Foods March 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

2. Mechanisms of action of probiotics

Recent studies are providing new insight into the mechanisms by which the microbiota regulates the colonization and eradication of pathogens. Particularly revealing the ability of commensals to restrain pathogen growth by dictating the metabolic pathways that control the competition for limited nutrients in the intestine. Furthermore, inflammatory responses have profound effects on the growth of pathogens and certain commensal species. However, the relative contributions of each metabolic pathway and the commensal species involved remain poorly understood. In addition, little is known about how the inflammatory responses affect interactions between pathogens and commensals. There is a delicate balance in microbiota populations in the gut and disruption in this balance leads to dysbiosis and overgrowth of pathobionts leading to pathologic immune responses and disease. The identification and characterization of natural competitors that suppress the growth of pathogens and pathobionts may lead to the development of rational approaches to manage intestinal disease. There is also a clear role for host immunity in controlling microbiota populations. However, recent studies have challenged a critical role of innate recognition receptors in determining the composition of the gut microbiota. Further studies are needed to clarify the mechanism by which the host regulates the microbiota.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

3. Probiotics and Health: A Clinical Perspective

Probiotics live microorganisms when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host that have been studied for both human and animal applications, and worldwide research on this topic has accelerated in recent years. Administration of probiotics could be effective in the treatment of acute infectious diarrhoea in children and the prevention of antibiotic associated diarrhoea and nosocomial/community acquired diarrhoea. Encouraging evidence is also emerging for the effectiveness of probiotics in the prevention and management of pouchitis and paediatric atopic diseases, and the prevention of postoperative infections. There is also strong evidence that certain probiotic strains are able to enhance immune function, especially in subjects with less than adequate immune function such as the elderly. Efficacy of probiotics has been shown in the prevention of prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, sepsis associated with severe acute pancreatitis, improvement of lactose metabolism and cancers, the management of weight and lowering of blood cholesterol, but there is insufficient evidence to recommend them for use in other clinical conditions.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

4. Probiotics in Gastroenterology

Gastroenterologists once defined gastrointestinal health as the absence of chronic disorder such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, this is too restrictive. The increasing frequency of digestive functional disorders, including non-ulcer dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), justifies an enlargement of a definition that includes intestinal well-being and the overall impact on quality of life including reduction of disease risk. Some animal studies are required to investigate this concept. The intestinal microflora has been linked with a number of intestinal diseases including colon cancer, (IBS) and IBD however few details of their involvement have been elucidated. Since colon cancer and IBD can lead to extreme therapeutic approaches, including surgical excision, clarification of the role of the microflora in these diseases may significantly reduce morbidity.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

5.Probiotics in Pediatrics

Presenting global evidence for their utility in children, Prof. Sherman illustrated that evidence through randomized controlled trails have demonstrated that certain probiotic strains are more effective than placebo in a variety of conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Multiple meta-analyses indicate effectiveness in reducing the duration of acute enteritis in pre-schoolers and in reducing the frequency of necrotizing enterocolitis in pre-term babies. As probiotics exist naturally in some foods and are also available as dietary supplements in powder, capsule, and tablet forms. In 2002, the industry secured FDA designation of specific strains of B. lactis and Streptococcus thermophilus as substances generally recognized as safe (GRAS) in milk-based formulas for infants aged 4 months and older. Most probiotic bacteria are similar to the beneficial bacteria that occur naturally in the gut, including those of the Lactobacillus species (eg, L. acidophilus). Infants acquire other bacteria during their first months, mainly those of the Bifidobacterium and Enterobacter species. Bifidobacterium species dominate in the gut of breast-fed infants, whereas Enterobacter microbes dominate in bottle-fed infants. This difference in species, which has been identified as key to breast-fed infants superior immunity to many infections, has spurred much of the medical and pediatric communities interest in probiotics. Infant formula manufacturers have also taken interest.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

6. Probiotics in Animal Health

The use of probiotics for farm animals has increased considerably over the last 15 years. Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms which can confer a health benefit for the host when administered in appropriate and regular quantities. Once ingested, the probiotic microorganisms can modulate the balance and activities of the gastrointestinal microbiota, whose role is fundamental to gut homeostasis. It has been demonstrated that numerous factors, such as dietary and management constraints, can strongly affect the structure and activities of the gut microbial communities, leading to impaired health and performance in livestock animals. Probiotic microorganisms, which benefit from a natural image, can expect a promising future in animal nutrition. Controlled research studies demonstrate that they can positively balance gastrointestinal microbiota, and thereby improve animal production and health. However, care must be taken in the way that the probiotic candidate-strains are selected. Better knowledge of the structure and activities of the gut microbiota, functional interactions between gut microbes and interrelationships between microbes and host cells represent a fundamental aspect of future probiotic research. In this context new omic technologies will be very helpful to better characterize and understand the effects of probiotics on the balance of the gastrointestinal microbiota. It will be possible to select more powerful or targeted strains on a scientific basis and follow their behaviour in the host animal. Thanks to these techniques, which are complimentary to anaerobic culture methods and gnotobiotic animal or cellular models, probiotic research has had, and will also certainly have in the future, a very important place in the improvement of animal health and nutrition.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

7. Plant Probiotics

The increasing interest in the preservation of the environment and the health of consumers is changing production methods and food consumption habits. Consumers increasingly demand safe functional foods that have beneficial properties for health mainly focused on the protection against carcinogenesis and oxidative processes. The consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables containing bioactive compounds has increased considerably in recent years and many studies have been carried out on the potential benefits of such compounds in different aspects of human health. At the same time, there has been a strong increase in studies addressing the benefits of biofertilization for plants and the environment. In this sense plant promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) able to colonize the inside of plants tissues are especially interesting. These beneficial microorganisms are plant probiotics and promote the plant growth through different direct mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, and the production of different compounds such as phytohormones or indirect mechanisms such as the production of siderophores. To achieve both aims, the promotion of plant growth and the benefits for human health, it is necessary to use non-pathogenic microorganisms in biofertilization schemes.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

8.Probiotics in Aquaculture

Aquaculture is the world's fastest growing food production sector. However, fish culture is currently suffering from serious losses due to infectious diseases. The use of antimicrobial drugs, pesticides and disinfectant in aquaculture disease prevention and growth promotion has led to the evolution of resistant strains of bacteria. Thus, the research into the use of probiotics for aquaculture is increasing with the demand for environment friendly sustainable aquaculture. The benefits of such supplements include improved feed value, enzymatic contribution to digestion, inhibition of pathogenic microorganisms, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic activity, and increased immune response. These probiotics are harmless bacteria that help the well-being of the host animal and contribute, directly or indirectly to protect the host animal against harmful bacterial pathogens. The use of probiotics in aquaculture has just begun, due to the fact that gastrointestinal microbiota of aquatic organisms has been poorly characterized, and their effects are not studied extensively.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

9.Probioceuticals: Probiotic- Derived Factors

Probiotic-derived factors have been described as capable of exerting probiotic activities through various mechanisms. However, it is important to distinguish between the concept of probiotic, which is necessarily based on the ingestion of live microorganisms, and the concept of microorganism-derived bioactive compounds that may have useful applications in nutrition and medicine. Bioactive compounds of bacterial or yeast origin, (antibiotics, for example), have been utilized in medicine for decades. Although there are many bacteria-derived products capable of inducing a health benefit, the concept of probiotic is only attributed to microorganisms administered as viable forms, providing the opportunity for a symbiotic relationship between the host, and resident, or in-transit, microorganisms. Secreted probiotic factors, such as reuterin from Lactobacillus reuteri, have been reported to inhibit adhesion and viability of known enteric pathogens, suggesting that probiotic supernatants could be a rich source of new antipathogenic compounds. In an in vitro study in human gastric epithelial cells, spent culture supernatants from certain lactic acid producing bacteria inhibited the growth and attachment of Helicobacter pylori. Roselli et al. demonstrated that supernatants of Bifidobacterium animalis MB5 and Lactobacillus GG could inhibit adhesion of E. coli K88 to Caco-2 cells, with the supernatant exerting identical beneficial effects following protease digestion, suggesting that proteins were not the active constituent.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

10. Probiotic Delivery Systems

Since probiotic-containing products in general do not require Food and Drug Administration approval, they are commonly available in the market in various food formats such as fermented milk, cheese, yogurt and juice. In recent years, probiotics have been extensively studied as a treatment option of various diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, human immunodeficiency virus infection, irritable bowel syndrome. Due to probiotics vulnerability to several environmental factors such as temperature and pH, maintaining the viability of probiotics has long been a hurdle to develop successful probiotic delivery systems. Hence to overcome these hurdles in probiotic delivery methods like encapsulation of materials and recent probiotic delivery technologies are being commonly used. Microencapsulation technologies have been developed to protect the bacteria from damage caused by external environment. By the introduction of a straw delivery system containing a dry form of the probiotic bacterium beverage manufacturers can now provide it to the consumer. In addition, viable spores of a spore forming probiotic are available in the market offering advantages during processing. In the same time, the potential of antibiotics substances with antimicrobial properties production by bifidobacteria is being explored in order to be applied in the food area.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

11. Traditional Therapies of Probiotics

There is an increasing scientific and commercial interest in the use of beneficial microorganisms, or "probiotics," for the prevention and treatment of disease. The microorganisms most frequently used as probiotic agents are lactic-acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), which has been extensively studied in recent literature. Multiple mechanisms of action have been postulated, including lactose digestion, production of antimicrobial agents, competition for space or nutrients, and immunomodulation. Studies of pediatric diarrhoea show substantial evidence of clinical benefits from probiotic therapy in patients with viral gastroenteritis, and data on LGG treatment for Clostridium difficile diarrhoea appear promising. However, data to support use of probiotics for prevention of traveler's diarrhoea are more limited. New research suggests potential applications in vaccine development and prevention of sexually transmitted diseases. Further studies are needed to take full advantage of this traditional medical approach and to apply it to the infectious diseases.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

12. Functional Foods

Overwhelming evidence from epidemiological, in vivo, in vitro, and clinical trial data indicates that a plant-based diet can reduce the risk of chronic disease, particularly cancer. In 1992, a review of 200 epidemiological studies showed that cancer risk in people consuming diets high in fruits and vegetables was only one-half that in those consuming few of these foods. It is now clear that there are components in a plant-based diet other than traditional nutrients that can reduce cancer risk. Functional foods containing physiologically-active components, either from plant or animal sources, may enhance health. It should be stressed, however, that functional foods are not a magic bullet or universal panacea for poor health habits. There are no good or bad foods, but there are good or bad diets. The range of food products containing probiotic strains is wide and still growing. The main products existing in the market are dairy-based ones including fermented milks, cheese, ice cream, buttermilk, milk powder, and yogurts, the latter accounting for the largest share of sales. The functional food market is expanding, especially in Japan its birthplace with further growth prospects in Europe and the United States and in most countries the largest share of its products is held by probiotics. Common foods containing probiotics include fermented and unfermented milk, miso, tempeh, and some juices, smoothies, nutrition bars, and soy drinks. The most common strains found in yogurt are L. bulgaricus and S. thermophilus.

13. Beneficial aspects of Prebiotics

Prebiotics are non-digestible, fermentable carbohydrates and fibers, such as inulin-type frucans and galacto-oligosaccharides, which exhibit health promoting properties to host through selective stimulation of growth and/or activities of a limited number of bacteria (i.e., probiotics). Human milk contains substantial quantities of prebiotics. There is a paucity of Random Clinical Trials examining prebiotics in children, showing that there may be some long-term benefit of prebiotics for the prevention of atopic eczema and common infections in healthy infants for which confirmatory well-designed clinical research studies are necessary.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 207Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

14. Regulation and Product Development

Depending on intended use of a probiotic (drug vs. dietary supplement), regulatory requirements differ greatly. If a probiotic is intended for use as a drug, then it must undergo the regulatory process as a drug, which is similar to that of any new therapeutic agent. Despite the promising evidence, the role of probiotics in human health as well as the safety of their application should be further investigated as the current knowledge of the characteristics that are necessary for their functionality in the gut is not complete. The factors that must be addressed in evaluating the effectiveness of the incorporation of the probiotic strains into such products are, besides safety, the compatibility of the product with the microorganism and the maintenance of its viability through food processing, packaging, and storage conditions. The products pH for instance is a significant factor determining the incorporated probiotics survival and growth, and this is one of the reasons why soft cheeses seem to have a number of advantages over yoghurt as delivery systems for viable probiotics to the gastrointestinal tract. Current technological innovations provide ways to overcome probiotic stability and viability issues offering new options for their incorporation in new media and subsequent satisfaction of the increasing consumer demand. The safety profile of a potential probiotic strain is of critical importance in the selection process. This testing should include the determination of strain resistance to a wide variety of common classes of antibiotics such as tetracyclines, quinolones and macrolides and subsequent confirmation of non-transmission of drug resistance genes or virulence plasmids. Evaluation should also take the end-product formulation into consideration because this can induce adverse effects in some subjects or negate the positive effects altogether. A better understanding of the potential mechanisms whereby probiotic organisms might cause adverse effects will help to develop effective assays that predict which strains might not be suitable for use in probiotic products.

Related Conferences: 9thInternationalCongress on Nutrition & HealthFebruary 20-21, 2017 Berlin, Germany; 10thAnnualNutrition & Food Sciences CongressMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan; 11thEuropeanNutrition and Dietetics ConferenceJune 29- July 01, 2017 Madrid, Spain; 10thInternationalConference on Clinical Diabetes, Diabetes care & NutritionJuly 20-21, 2017 Chicago, USA; 13thWorldCongress on Advances in Natural Medicines, Nutraceuticals and Neurocognition, July 27-28, 2017, Rome, Italy 10th InternationalConference on Nutrition & Food SciencesMay 29-31, 2017 Osaka, Japan;IPA World Congress + Probiota AmericasJune 07-09 San Francisco;The global nutraceutical eventMay 09 - 11 2017 Geneva Switzerland; ICPVM 2017: 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics in Veterinary MedicineApril 8 - 9, 2017 Dubai, UAE; 5th WorldCongress on Targeting MicrobiotaOctober 2017 Paris, France; The International ScientificConference on Probiotics and PrebioticsJune 19 22 June 2017Budapest,Hungary;Probiotics Congress: USA October 3-4 2016 San Diego, USA; The 2ndProbiotics Congress: Asia Mar 1-2 2017 Hong Kong; ICPFPF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics, Functional and Pediatrics FoodsJuly 10 - 11, 2017 Amsterdam, The Netherlands; ICPFF 2017 : 19th InternationalConference on Probiotics and Functional FoodsMarch 9 - 10, 2017 Miami, USA.

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Probiotics Conferences | Europe | Asia | USA | Middle East ...

On 27 April 2017, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) issued a judgment on the interpretation of Directive 2002/46/EC on food supplements (Directive) (case C-672/15). The CJEU ruled that the Directive and the provisions on the free movement of goods in the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) preclude national legislation that does not provide for a mutual recognition procedure for the placing on the market of food supplements whose content in nutrients exceeds the national maximum daily doses and that are lawfully manufactured or marketed in another member state. Furthermore, the CJEU held that member states must set maximum daily doses for nutrients on a case-by-case basis after a comprehensive scientific assessment of the risk for public health. This must be based not only on national data, but also on available international scientific data.

Legal background

The Directive lays down rules for the placing on the market of food supplements (concentrated sources of nutrients or other substances with a nutritional or physiological effect marketed under a dosage form) in the EU. In particular, the Directive sets out lists of vitamins and minerals that may be used in the preparation of food supplements. Until the European Commission lays down harmonised maximum and minimum amounts for these nutrients, the member states may fix national amounts provided that, when exercising this competence, they comply with the principle of the free movement of goods and are guided by the criteria set out in Article 5(1) and (2) of the Directive, including the requirement for a risk assessment based on generally accepted scientific data.

Article 5(1) of the Directive requires that maximum amounts of vitamins and minerals be set per daily portion of consumption as recommended by the manufacturer, taking into account (i) the upper safe levels of vitamins and minerals established by scientific risk assessment based on generally accepted scientific data (considering, as appropriate, the varying degrees of sensitivity of different consumer groups), and (ii) the intake of vitamins and minerals from other dietary sources. In addition, Article 5(2) states that, when the maximum levels are set, due account should be taken of reference intakes of vitamins and minerals for the population.

In France, Decree 2006-352 on food supplements (Decree), transposing the Directive into French law, allows the use of vitamins and minerals in food supplements under conditions laid down by ministerial order(s). An implementing inter-ministerial order of 9 May 2006 relating to nutrients that may be used in the manufacture of food supplements (Order) sets out the positive list of vitamins and minerals and their forms, as well as their maximum daily doses. In addition, the Decree provides for a simplified mutual recognition procedure for food supplements containing substances with a nutritional or physiological effect that are not included in the order(s) but that have been legally manufactured or marketed in another member state. This procedure does not, however, apply to food supplements containing vitamins or minerals.

Facts and referred questions

The preliminary ruling request stems from French criminal proceedings against Noria Distribution SARL (Noria) for having marketed food supplements containing vitamins and minerals in quantities exceeding the maximum daily doses set out in the Order, among other allegations. Noria did not contest the allegations but it claimed that the Order breaches EU law.

The District Court of Perpignan referred a preliminary ruling request to the CJEU asking the following questions:

1. whether the absence under French law of a simplified mutual recognition procedure for food supplements lawfully marketed in another member state whose content in nutrients exceeds the maximum daily doses set out in the Order is compatible with the Directive and the TFEU principle of the free movement of goods (first question);

2. whether the Directive and the principle of the free movement of goods allow the maximum amounts of vitamins and minerals to be set in proportion to the recommended daily allowances by adopting a value equal to three times the recommended daily allowances for nutrients presenting the least risk, a value equal to the recommended daily allowances for nutrients presenting a risk of the upper safe level being exceeded and a value below the recommended daily allowances or even zero for nutrients involving the most risk (second question); and

3. whether, in setting those maximum amounts, account should be taken not only of national but also of international scientific research concluding in favour of setting higher safe levels (under identical conditions of use) (third question).

Findings of the CJEU

On the first question, the CJEU reminded that member states remain competent to set maximum amounts of nutrients which may be used in food supplements, provided that they comply with the principle of the free movement of goods and are guided by the criteria laid down in Article 5(1) and (2) of the Directive, including the requirement for a risk assessment based on generally accepted scientific data.

In the CJEUs view, the French legislation constitutes a measure having an effect equivalent to a quantitative restriction (Article 34 TFEU), since a food supplement whose nutrient content exceeds the national maximum limits cannot be marketed in France even if that food supplement is lawfully manufactured or marketed in another member state. For said restriction to be justified (Article 36 TFEU), a national authorisation procedure must be in place for food supplements including nutrients in excess of national maximum limits that is readily accessible, able to be completed within a reasonable time, and subject to judicial review in case of refusal such refusal being justified only where there is a genuine risk to public health. Since the French legislation provides for a mutual recognition procedure for certain food supplements, but not for those with nutrients whose content exceeds the national maximum daily doses, the restrictions imposed by French law cannot be justified under Article 36 TFEU.

Regarding the second question, the CJEU did not respond on the merits, leaving it to the referring court to determine whether the method used by France to set maximum amounts of vitamins and minerals complies with EU law. However, the CJEU set out the relevant requirements for the referring court to make this determination. In particular, the CJEU held that national maximum amounts of vitamins and minerals must be set on a case-by-case basis and taking into account, among other things, the upper safe levels established after a comprehensive scientific assessment of the risks for public health based on relevant scientific data, and not on general or hypothetical considerations. Setting maximum amounts without taking into account all Article 5(1) and (2) criteria, on the sole basis of the nutritional needs of the population concerned or without carrying out a case-by-case analysis, is not compatible with the Directive or with the principle of the free movement of goods.

With respect to the third question, the CJEU held that the setting of maximum amounts of vitamins and minerals must take account of upper safe levels of these nutrients determined after a scientific risk assessment based on generally accepted scientific data, regardless of whether those data are national or international data. Therefore, if recent and reliable international scientific data are available on the date on which the scientific risk assessment is carried out, the assessment cannot be carried out without having regard to those data.

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Food Supplements: CJEU sets boundaries to national legislation imposing maximum amounts on nutrients - Lexology (registration)

Up to 170 million Americans take some form of supplement like a multivitamin or mineral supplement, but there are no standard regulations when it comes to them and there can be long lists of ingredients with complicated names.

Dr. Christopher D'Adamo, the director of research for the University of Marylands Center for Integrative Medicine in Baltimore does clinical research on supplements. He teaches his students that a lot of time whats on the label isnt actually in the bottle.

Supplements are not all created equally, and the price varies quite a bit, too, he said.

Dietary supplements are regulated by the FDA but as a food, not a drug, which means there is little oversight on health claims and ingredients.

How can a consumer make a good decision on which supplement to get? So, the first is to require that the product have third party lab verification for purity. So most supplements are safe. I think the bigger issue is that many supplements dont contain in the bottle what it says on the label.

In a statement to News4, the Council for Responsible Nutrition said, Overwhelmingly, dietary supplements are safe and play a valuable role in helping the more than 170 million Americans who take supplements each year to live healthy lifestyles. The industry is regulated by FDA, and the robust regulations give the government the ability to remove unsafe products from the market. Mainstream dietary supplement companies are invested in ensuring product quality as they have a stake in their customers health, and so we recommend that consumers look for reputable brands and buy from trusted retail sources.

One of the great resources for this is from the National Institutes of Health, their office of dietary supplements.

One of the main goals of DAdamos seminars, which he holds regularly, is to educate consumers and give them the tools to research claims and questions. The NIH Office of Dietary Supplements website has fact sheets for consumers and health professionals, as well as the labels of all the supplements in the U.S., and it provides detailed information on ingredients and blends.

In addition to consumers, many of the people in D'Adamo's seminars are medical professionals hoping to learn more.

All I know is about medications, nursing student Maria Garay said. They don't really give us any tips on dietary

Supplements, and when I ask my professors about those, they don't really know much.

DAdamo and the Council for Responsible Nutrition advise letting your doctor know what supplements you are taking and discussing with them what you learn.

Published at 5:42 PM EDT on May 9, 2017 | Updated at 7:23 PM EDT on May 9, 2017

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How to Choose the Right Dietary Supplement - NBC4 Washington

As more foods and supplements are being altered to meet the demand for healthier products, some people are experiencing side effects that are less than ideal.

Do you deal with frequent headaches or gas and bloating? What about more severe side effects, such as loose stool and abnormal bleeding?

Know what youre putting in your body. Below are food products that could be causing you distress.

Protein powders

With protein in the diet spotlight these days, more and more food companies are using whey or soy protein powders to load their products. Breads, pancake mixes, cereals, granola bars, protein bars and even ice creams are being beefed up with protein powder, providing us with an abundance of supplemental protein.

The problem with this fortification is not the increased protein intake, but the stress it puts on the digestive system. The processed quality of these protein powders, particularly the isolate forms, can cause uncomfortable gas and bloating.

The typical U.S. diet is not protein deficient, so to manage these symptoms ease up on the protein-fortified products. Eat foods that naturally contain whey protein such as low-fat cottage cheese and milk, cheese, and Greek or natural yogurt. Edamame, tofu and tempeh are natural foods that provide soy protein.

Sugar alcohols

If you drink or eat something sweet with zero calories, chances are it contains sugar alcohols. Because these non-digesting sweeteners are versatile and provide a very likeable flavor, they are in a variety of products. A small portion of sugar alcohols does not seem to cause harm, however in higher quantities they can lead to gas, bloating and even loose stools.

If you have been struggling with an upset stomach or gas and bloating, check the ingredient lists of everything you eat and drink. Look for words like mannitol, xylitol, erythritol and sorbitol, and start cutting back on the products that contain these sugar substitutes to relieve your symptoms. About 8 ounces of a 0-calorie drink seems to be an amount most people can tolerate.

Herbal mixes or proprietary blends

The Food and Drug Administration considers supplements, including those with herbal mixes and proprietary blends, to be non-food items. Therefore, there is no government regulation on these products. Herbals have been used for centuries as treatment, but in the wrong combinations or concentrations they can bring on negative health effects.

During my years of nutrition counseling, I have seen the discontinuation of certain supplements relieve chronic or frequent headaches, increased blood pressure, symptoms related to dry mouth and excessive bleeding from minor cuts and scrapes.

Before taking any supplement, make sure you know exactly what you are putting in your body.

Consult your physician with any concerns.

Link:

Food products that might be making you sick - Omaha World-Herald (blog)