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Category Archives: Evolution

The evolution of home fitness – Times of India

Posted: March 31, 2022 at 3:26 am

How did it begin?

The year 2020 had been a turning point for the whole economy, and one of the realms that have experienced a significant slow down in this year was the health and wellness industry. It had been dull because this was the year the pandemic had hit us, and the lockdown was announced.

Hence, people were forced to stay at home, and the gyms were being shut down. It was a significant fall and a disappointment for all the fitness enthusiasts.

The change of habits

Pandemic had turned the tables for the fitness industry entirely. Where people once found solace and sweated it out in the gym, they were now almost home arrested because gyms were not functioning. Many people began to start working out at home and trying new activities to keep themselves fit. But, it was a transition that few were trying to adapt to.

People became extra cautious and aware of their health, which pushed them to take that extra effort towards building habits, changing fitness goals, and keeping active. But, the most surprising factor was that it was during this period that most people were working out at home. Be it using gadgets, trainers, or videos, everyone involved themselves in physical activities and broadened their outlook of being fit.

During this period, individuals did not limit themselves to exercising and eating home-cooked and healthy food; it helped them realise that the combination was doing wonders. And that home fitness was working for them with good habits and minor lifestyle changes.

The turning point

When the idea of working out at home started to flourish and spread from one household to another, people realised that home workouts were beneficial and saved them time and energy that they would instead shed on going to the gym. This convinced them to continue to exercise at home. With the home-workout finding their place in the economy, the entrepreneurs also invested in technology to build home-equipments and mark a space for home-fitness.

Why was fitness evolution substantial?

Before home-fitness had come into the picture, there were enormous stereotypes related to fitness. People wanted to have abs, specific weight, composition, or a particular body or shape considered healthy. But, this approach had changed with the introduction of working out at home. People adapted differently to working out and had their learnings and understanding about themselves and their fitness goals.

What does this evolution MEAN?

The revolution in the fitness sector has made people understand that they were individuals who could decide not to have a specific type of body. This trend was more accepting, comfortable, and liberating. It gave them the freedom to choose their workouts conveniently in their relaxing space. When people were working from home, it did give them a work-life balance to an extent, but working out from home also helped them be laid back and not stressed over a timely workout.

What do the STATS have to say?

According to a survey, the at-home fitness global market size was valued at $5,545 million in 2019, which is projected to reach $11,459 million by 2027. The compound annual growth rate is expected to be registered at 7.8% from 2021 to 2027.

The stats speak for themselves, and you can witness that the population is getting fit at home. And the numbers reflect that its only going to get more prominent and dominant in the coming years.

The Present

Chase to 2022, and the whole industry has transformed. The pandemic has shifted priorities and faith and has bought an immense shift in our true selves. The transformation is visible in the fitness industry and the corporations who are adopting a hybrid work model or entirely a work from home policy; people have more time on their hands to take care of themselves. I think we have cracked the balance there, and now there is no going back from here, and that is good news for all the fitness enthusiasts and individuals who are still exploring their place in this industry.

Where was the MOTIVATION?

With people being online 3x times more than before, the internet has been the only way to communicate. This has encouraged trainers, influencers, and creators to create more fitness-related videos and help people with tips and different postures, diets and nutrition, and ways to spend less and gain more. The creators have covered everything from beginners to advanced levels and are introducing various forms of workouts, yoga, and hacks to encourage people to stay fit and healthy.

What does the future hold?

There is no going back to the old ways, and since people are enjoying this new shift in many ways, there is clarity that they will stick to it for a while. It is yet to be determined if people will go back entirely to traditional methods of working out. Still, the statistics reveal different numbers and the power of convenience talks for itself.

The final thought

The shift has helped people understand fitness better, break stereotypes, give a new meaning to fitness, and take one step at a time rather than push themselves to show up every day and stress over it. This change is undoubtedly healthy and essential for the long run.

Views expressed above are the author's own.

END OF ARTICLE

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Browns offensive evolution should still have plenty of room for tight ends: Tuesday takeaways – cleveland.com

Posted: at 3:26 am

CLEVELAND, Ohio -- The Browns offense will certainly look different in 2022, but dont sell all your tight end stock just yet.

Certainly, the Browns will use more 11 personnel (one running back, one tight end, three receivers) this season with their dynamic new signal-caller. Deshaun Watson, however, is familiar with tight end usage.

In 2018, with Bill OBrien as head coach, the Texans ran 12 personnel (one running back, two tight ends) on 35 percent of their plays, according to Sharp Football Stats. On early downs in the first three quarters, it was 43 percent.

In 2019, again under OBrien, the number was 35 percent on early downs in the first three quarters.

During Watsons best season in 2020, with Romeo Crennel at the helm for most of the season and Tim Kelly as offensive coordinator, 12 personnel was used on 28 percent of the snaps and 37 percent of early-down snaps in the first three quarters.

Kevin Stefanskis job this offseason is to marry what Watson does best with what Stefanski likes to do. So while things will certainly have a more open feel, Stefanski should be able to find plenty of room for one of his favorite positions.

Springing to action

How much does the offseason program matter? We can debate it, but when Stefanski said at the owners meetings he expects Watson to be there when the teams offseason program begins, it was a good sign.

Stefanski cant compel players to show up for the voluntary portion of the program -- which is all but one week of it -- but after two years of disruptions due to COVID-19 and the NFLPA taking a stand, theres something to be said about Browns players treating this offseason program like a team that hasnt earned the right to take it lightly.

Its more of a tone-setter than anything. Its saying, Were going to show up, were going to work and were not going to miss an opportunity to get better together.

No one wins the Super Bowl in April, May or June. Still, there is work getting done and there is value to being there, even if part of it is just symbolic.

Is Odell the answer?

Its fun to think about Odell Beckham Jr. returning to Cleveland and rewriting that chapter, but at some point, there has to be a real discussion about whether it makes sense.

Beckham showed in Los Angeles he is still a productive player. He also tore his ACL in the Super Bowl on Feb. 13. He needed all 11 months to return from his torn ACL last season, so its fair to wonder when he would actually be able to return to the field.

Then theres how things ended. Yes, its easy to just point the finger at Baker Mayfield, but Beckham put the Browns in a difficult position and it became a clear breaking point for a team with playoff aspirations.

In the end, the question has to be Does it make sense from a football standpoint? This close to Beckhams latest injury, it might not. In a few months? Maybe the answer changes.

Center of competition

There was no real reason to just hand Nick Harris the starting center job, so bringing in Ethan Pocic, who checks some boxes in what the Browns seem to like, makes sense. At 6-foot-6, 320 pounds, hes bigger than Harris, who is listed at 6-1, 293, which was the knock on the Washington product when the Browns drafted him.

(If youre wondering, former Browns center JC Tretter checked in at 6-4, 307.)

Pocic is a former four-star recruit who played at LSU. He has played all three interior positions in the NFL. If Harris does ultimately win the center job, Pocic is an insurance policy behind him and offers depth behind Joel Bitonio and Wyatt Teller -- an unenviable position, since Bitonio hasnt missed a snap since 2017 and Teller didnt miss a snap last season.

No one knows how ready Harris is more than the Browns, who have watched him in practice and had him in meetings the last two seasons. Even if they believe hes ready, pushing him with some real competition is a good thing.

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Get the latest Browns merchandise: Heres where you can order Cleveland Browns gear online, including jerseys, T-shirts, hoodies, hats and much more.

More Browns coverage

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Could Landry really return? Podcast

Stefanski hoping for closure on Mayfield

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The Evolution of Threat Detection: From Pentesting to PtaaS – Security Boulevard

Posted: at 3:26 am

The Rise of Software-as-a-Service

The tech boom of the 2000s put software-as-a-service at the forefront of enterprise technology. As the cloud became the primary delivery mechanism to delivery software, services and to enable on-demand resources that didnt reside in the typical data center, the term XaaS caught on. Afterward, Silicon Valley startups popped up that used the cloud to deliver their service products, including, eventually, pentesting-as-a-service (PtaaS).

Most cybersecurity professionals perform pentesting at least once a year. It can take several months to prepare, test and launch. This extended and lengthy timeline doesnt include the remediation cycle. Waiting to get results and then making the recommended fixes is a very vulnerable time for organizations with regard to compliance and security. In todays intense cyberthreat threatscape, once a year is just not frequent enough for most organizations.

Its important to test on a regular basis; when organizations embrace the modern approach via PtaaS they are able to use tools like GitHub and Jira to remediate vulnerabilities right away. With PtaaS, organizations can proactively, quickly and affordably strengthen their security protocols and advance compliance.

It goes without saying that the pandemic accelerated every aspect of life including digital transformation. The pandemic also highlighted cybersecurity flaws as organizations shifted to remote work and sophisticated phishing and ransomware attacks preyed on susceptible individuals working from home.

Its 2022, and the case for PtaaS is crystal clear. With PtaaS, there is a 48-hour ramp-up time and a two-week testing window that allows organizations to integrate testing throughout the software development life cycle. This is light years ahead of what pentesting looked like in the day of James P. Anderson which relied on a slower manual process rather than automation for administrative tasks.

The long wait times associated with traditional pentesting are now practically obsolete. And, according to Cobalts ROI of Modern Pentesting report:

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Thomas Rhett Reveals New Album ‘Where We Started’ Was an ‘Evolution’ (Exclusive) – PopCulture.com

Posted: at 3:26 am

Country superstar Thomas Rhett is releasing his new album, Where We Started, on April 4, and he says the project was very much an "evolution." While speaking exclusively to PopCulture.com about his recent Frito Lays partnership, Rhett offered some insight into the new album. He explained that he didn't initially set out to make the album as it is, but rather, it was the process that shaped the songs.

"It's an evolution. Like, I'm one of those people that like, when I write that one song that I feel like is kind of the centerpiece for the album like that, that's when I get to take that song into all my co-writes and be like, 'Not that everything has to sound or feel like this, but I think this is kind of the rock of the record.' And I wrote 'Where We Started' with Jesse Frazier, Ashley Gorley and a good friend of mine named John Bellion. I'd never written with John before and he is the melody king of the universe, and we wrote this song and loved everything it represented because I look back at mylife and my marriage and my career. And I go, 'Good grief, man.' Like, we did start with absolutely nothing, you know, 10 years ago."

Rhett continued, "And to see where we've kind of come, not only in a career state, but just like with my wife and my kids and just kind of everything about our life has grown. So, so crazy and rapid. And I think a lot of people can really relate to that. Just phrase of like, you know, when you're, when your heartbroken, like, just think about where you began cuz the future has a lot of great things to hold."

Explaining how the album progressed into its final form, Rhett revealed that it was originally supposed to be a follow-up to his 2021 album Country Again: Side A. "So [I] just started sitting down and kind of writing for what I thought was gonna be Country Again: Side B, that morphed into its own different project. And, and that's kind of where, where we started was kind of birthed and, and next thing, you know, 15 songs kind of made it on there and all very different."

Finally, Rhett offered his thoughts on how the album turned out once it was completed. "It's a pretty versatile record. Like every track you click on doesn't sound, anything like the one before," he said. "And I love that 'cause I think it keeps the listener kind of on their toes and kind of wondering where we're gonna go next and that's kind of how our show is as well. And so just kind of keeping on brand with that and just a lot of great songwriting on this project and you know, just huge kudos to the people that kind of believed in the, you know, just the vision for this project."

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What Hyun Bin and Son YeJins wedding says about the evolution of Korean celebrity culture – VOGUE India

Posted: at 3:26 am

2022: Fans who had been manifesting the Crash Landing On You couples happy ending were finally gratified when the couple confirmed on Instagram that they were getting married. She always makes me smile, Hyun penned in a heartfelt letter, while Son wrote, He makes me feel warm and protected.

Son YeJin and Hyun Bins wedding heralds the arrival of a healthier dynamic between Korean celebrities and their fans

That Son and Hyun were showered with love and blessings from their fans is evocative of a changing mindset in K-entertainment, given that certain celebrity couples have met public censure in the pastespecially within the K-pop industry. Further proof can be found with EXO's Baekhyun and Girls' Generation's Taeyeon, who were compelled to break up shortly after going public with their relationship in light of the fan backlash.

In the quest for cultural context on this phenomenon, we turned to popular K-drama critic, The Fangirl Verdict for answers. K-pop idols are generally marketed as being single and available to fuel the fangirl/boy fantasy that theres a sliver of a chance they could someday date that dream celebrity. Its not unheard of for K-pop stars to have no-dating clauses in their contracts to keep this fantasy alive, she explains. This further translates into a certain amount of possessiveness among fans over whom their idol should date. Ive come across cases where fan loyalty towards a K-celeb has been eroded because the person they chose to date or marry was deemed a poor or perplexing choice, she adds. However, the mindset appears to be evolving as celebrity couples are increasingly being met with public support, such as A-lister Park ShinHye who recently announced her pregnancy and marriage to fellow actor, Choi TaeJoon.

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Kirby and the Forgotten Land: Every Copy Ability and Evolution – Den of Geek

Posted: at 3:26 am

Like Hammer, Sword has three different evolutions: Gigant Sword, Meta Knight Sword, and Morpho Knight Sword. Gigant Sword exchanges Kirbys weapon and hat for a sword and helmet identical to the Wild Edge miniboss. This variation is stronger and slower than the regular Sword, but it also has more range. Plus, Gigant Sword replaces the charged spin attack with an earth-shattering downward strike, and, as an added bonus, Kirby can guard with a spiked shield that pokes enemies. Meta Knight Sword, meanwhile, turns Kirby into a pink doppelganger of Meta Knight, complete with his iconic mask and pronged sword. Not only is this evolution one of the strongest and fastest in the game, but it also lets Kirby shoot lasers out of the blade while at full health.

Swords last evolution, Morpho Knight Sword, is a special upgrade themed after the recurring secret boss Morpho Knight and is arguably the strongest copy ability in the game. When used normally, Morpho Knight Sword functions just like Meta Knight Sword, but when fully charged, the weapons moveset temporarily changes to that of Gigant Sword with the added bonus of lasers. Plus, any charged attack in that enlarged form unleashes a damaging tornado of fire, and guarding with it equipped for long enough will unleash a swarm of homing wisps.

Bomb is fun to use but difficult to master. This copy ability gives Kirby a pointed wizards hat and lets him either lob bombs in an arc or roll them like bowling balls. These bombs explode after a set amount of time or if an enemy hits them.

Bomb can evolve into Chain Bomb and Homing Bomb. Chain Bomb is extremely gimmicky since it lets Kirby lay down bombs that are linked together and dont explode unless something touches them. If one goes off, they all go off, and the more bombs that explode, the more damage they deal. Homing Bomb, meanwhile the ultimate press x to win ability since each bomb rushes enemies and explodes on impact. Moreover, unexploded homing bombs can link up to form a chain of explosions.

Tornado, as its name suggests, places a tornado on Kirbys head. This windy tiara lets Kirby temporarily turn into a whirlwind that damages anything it touches. And, anything Kirby doesnt touch is sucked in and damaged, anyway.

Tornados two evolutions are Fleur Tornado and Storm Tornado. Fleur Tornado is themed after the swan-like Fleurina miniboss and accordingly places a feathery crown on top of Kirby. For the most part, Fleur Tornado is identical to vanilla Tornado, except instead of fizzling out, this abilitys attack ends in a final damaging gust of wind. As for Storm Tornado, that ability veils Kirby in an angry vortex. Not only does Storm Tornado deal more damage than Tornado and Fleur Tornado, but each attack is also punctuated by a final, devastating bolt of lightning.

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Salmon Evolution has successfully completed the first smolt release at Indre Hary – PR Newswire

Posted: at 3:26 am

OSLO, Norway, March 28, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Salmon Evolution ASA ("Salmon Evolution" or the "Company", OSE: SALME) is pleased to announce that it on 26 March 2022 successfully completed the first smolt release at its ground-breaking land-based salmon farming facility at Indre Hary.

About 100,000 smolt was released with an average weight of around 300 grams. The smolt was supplied by Kraft Laks, Salmon Evolution's in-house smolt facility acquired in August 2021 and well known for its long track record in providing first class smolt to Norwegian salmon farmers.

The smolt transportation from Kraft Laks to Indre Hary was carried out with a live fish carrier after which the fish was carefully pumped into the first fish tank at Indre Hary. All relevant fish health parameters were constantly monitored during the process with no negative indicators identified.

Following the positive confirmation of the fish transfer process and a customary short adaption period for the fish, initial feeding commenced. The Company is pleased to see that the conditions in the farm have been stable, the fish have shown good appetite and have had a behaviour in line with expectations.

This major milestone is the result of a thorough testing and commissioning phase that started already in December last year and now culminating with having taken the first part of our facility into operation.

Mr. Hkon Andr Berg, CEO of Salmon Evolution comments:

"Since we started construction back in May 2020, this is the moment that we all have been waiting for. I am extremely proud of our organization and the fact that we have been able to adhere to our ambitious timeline, even with the challenges faced us during the pandemic.

At the same time, this is just the beginning. As we now move forward, our number one priority is the biology in our farm. Good biology will improve fish quality and translate into strong growth, which finally will be reflected in the financial performance. With our organization now totalling more than 40 highly skilled employees, I am more confident than ever in our mission extending the ocean potential."

Over the coming months Salmon Evolution will gradually ramp up production at Indre Hary with the next release of smolt planned already in May. Steady state smolt release volumes are expected from Q4 2022, where at the same time both completion of phase 1 and first harvest are expected.

Please click for video and pictures from this historic milestone: News - salmonevolution.no

CONTACT:

Hkon A. BergCEO, Salmon Evolution+47 411 92 257

Trond Hkon Schaug-PettersenCFO, Salmon Evolution+47 911 91 327

This information was brought to you by Cision http://news.cision.com

https://news.cision.com/salmon-evolution/r/salmon-evolution-has-successfully-completed-the-first-smolt-release-at-indre-haroy,c3533421

SOURCE Salmon Evolution

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Technology and the Evolution of Construction Companies – Geo Week News

Posted: at 3:26 am

The construction industry has a reputation for being slow to embrace new technology - but that could change sooner than we think.

Contributed by Steven Cooke, Linesight

Right now, there are a plethora of new technologies that can make construction and design safer and more efficient. They include things that have revolutionized other industries like artificial intelligence and predictive analytics. Others are tailor-made for the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, such as building information modeling (BIM) systems and 3D printing on a large scale. There are project management applications that can track the supply chain to ensure materials arrive when required or manage workflow for trades and other subcontractors. But, of course, there are issues.

Because of the wide variety of software providers, not all applications will work with each other effectively. AEC companies might have their preferred system, one that they've fine-tuned to meet their needs, their people are familiar with it, and it represents a substantial investment. But what happens when their largest client uses another system, one that is incompatible? Should the AEC company invest in this other tech to improve communication and collaboration with the client? Most AEC companies have diverse client lists and work with multiple subcontractors, and they could all use different software, which just exacerbates the issue. After all, this software is supposed to improve efficiency, not force anyone to buy licenses for eight other applications that all provide a similar service. The incompatibility delays innovation and can make a company think twice before investing in a particular system.

Ideally, all these programs would have an open application programming interface (API), which would allow two or more different software applications to communicate and work with each other. Thankfully, over the past two or three years, there has been a significant improvement in this regard. And the fact that we are seeing these discussions between AEC companies and their clients shows progress being made. There could even be a standardized format in the near future.

We've also seen a surge in the use of things like remote sensors and other devices that collect a considerable amount of data. To handle it and make it useful, companies need to employ an integration system that can extract, transform, and load (ETL) the data into a valid format. Other industries have done this for a long time, but the construction industry has been slow to embrace it. All this data can be used to generate dashboards that show the status of a project, supply chain status, job flow, and so much more. The power of this data visualization can help clients make decisions on projects sooner.

As it gets more powerful, clients might go to a secure portal and interact with a computer-generated avatar. The client might ask to see up-to-date information on the status of their project, like the current anticipated completion date. Or they could ask for an estimate on a potential job. For example, they could input the project variables, like a 50-megawatt data center, and the program could respond by saying that it would take approximately 14 months and cost around $500 million. Several other industries use this type of technology today, from healthcare to finance. Prime examples are bank sites that can tell customers how much money they can borrow for a mortgage or business loan.

A few areas where we are likely to see explosive growth could be with 3D printing and prefabricated modules. There have been projects where massive printers have built houses to rigid specifications. It is not a giant leap to expect to see this same technology be employed to construct modular building parts in a warehouse, where they will later be assembled on the job site. Life sciences companies have started to use prefabricated components like clean rooms to simplify the construction of new facilities. Building them in this fashion ensures a more controlled environment, resulting in higher accuracy, fewer mistakes, and less waste.

Technology is constantly advancing; sometimes it feels like it's at a break-neck pace. In a few years we could see a massive increase in robotic-controlled machinery or workers using exoskeletons to lift heavy materials while avoiding injuries. Or, it could be the ongoing evolution of the Metaverse, a 3D virtual reality space where AEC companies could show off designs or conduct walk-throughs with clients spread out across the globe. Construction professionals should attempt to be at the forefront of the next wave of innovation. As we've seen, leveraging technology creates efficiencies, lower costs, and offers superior customer service. It is something that more and more clients will expect, and not adapting could leave those companies at a severe disadvantage.

Steven Cooke is Managing Director for the US West Region for Linesight. In 2016 he relocated to San Francisco having previously setup the first Middle East office in 2008, where Linesight now provides cost management, quantity surveying and project management services on multiple large-scale projects, valued at several billion dollars. A BSc Surveying graduate of Napier University, Edinburgh, Cooke is a chartered surveyor with +20 years of professional Construction experience

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The lethally effective evolution of the spear in combat – We Are The Mighty

Posted: at 3:26 am

The spear, which was first only a sharpened stick, was among the original weapons utilized around 400,000 BC. Archaeological findings point to the initial evidence of humans using crude weapons such as spears. They were gradually developed into a throwing weapon incorporated in the military.

When military operations evolved from independent action of persons to group movements of masses of troops, the spear grew to be a thrusting weapon.

Spears began as hunting weapons when prehistoric humans utilized them for hunting animals for food. At that time, people mastered the art of creating tools by smashing stones and using the sharp edges connected to the spears ends, ensuring they were more rigid and sharper.

Among other different distinctions, the spear took the form of a pike, then a lance, and eventually the bladed halberd. As early as 3000 BC, Sumerian armies used the spear-carrying phalanx, otherwise recognized as the massed establishment of closely-ranked men.

The Greeks refined the concept 2000 years later using pikes at least 9 feet or 3 meters long. A Sarissa, a pike approximately 21 feet or 7 meters, was introduced by Phillip II of Macedon in 350 BC. It gave the Macedonian infantry enhanced range before the pike blades of their Greek enemies could get to them.

These close formations of troops charged towards their enemies, stiffening with spear points which they immediately thrust in the line of their targets. Spears, therefore, added significant precision propagating success during combat in ancient battlegrounds. At the same time, the spear protected anyone who utilized it since it was considered lethal at that time.

As such, the spear was incorporated in numerous armies and often combined with a shield. Aside from being used for hunting by bringing down giant animals such as mammoths, spears were used in catching fish. Given their incredible lethality, three words would best describe the spear lethality, simplicity, and reach. While lethality and reach are pretty obvious, the spears simplicity encapsulated its tactical advantage with regards to range alongside the other two attributes.

The phalanx was a closely assembled group of spearmen who made the spear much deadlier whenever an adversary in combat came close. Phalanxes made soft targets for archers and those hurling spears, which enhanced the establishment of body armor, prompting the phalanxes to be less at risk with missiles.

The Roman Empire started its rise to power with the help of spear phalanxes they adopted from the Greek settlers. Subsequently, waves of military reforms witnessed the Romans establish a different method of fighting where spears played a significant role. The Romans returned to incorporating spears as hurling weapons where every legionary was handed a pilum which was a hurling spear.

Later on, European warlords created bands of well-resourced noble cavalry, the pinnacle of their fighting organization. These knights were armored with long spears referred to as lances which were initially utilized over-arm to attack but later on used under-arm, placing the entire weight of their charge into the attack.

This made them frightening to stand against, substantiating the elite military dominance. At the same time, the spear evolved into a comprehensive range of different weapons jointly referred to as polearms.

Swiss infantry was among the original users of the spear that survived through the gunpowder age as the spike. These polearms enabled the Scottish Schiltrons to withstand heavy cavalry attacks and made the Swiss infantry the most dreaded in Europe.

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Evolution and Vitamin D | Science Press Agency – Vaughan Today

Posted: at 3:26 am

This was probably what began to happen in Britain 4,500 years ago, and during the Bronze Age that followed. Looking at the genes of different populations since that time, we see changes in seven regions of the genome that cannot be traced back to chance alone: nearly all of these genes can reasonably be linked to increased production of vitamin D and calcium. This would be consistent with the selective pressures that geography placed on these populations, we read in a Previously Posted Search March 16.

The authors a geneticist and a statistician agree that their analysis does not prove a causal relationship. But their research attracts attention because it goes in the direction of what has long been a matter of intuition: since emigration to the countries of Northern Europe, sane man It was facing less sunny states and shorter days, Their dark skin It had to be gradually replaced by pale skin, thus absorbing more UV rays, and thus producing more vitamin D. The introduction of agriculture put more pressure on it.

However, this intuition appears to have been confirmed by genetic analysis: the work of these two researchers consisted of a statistical analysis of observable variants in the genomes of 529 British from different periods and 98 of the day.

The difficulty with such analyzes is to establish that a variable imposed itself in a population because it brought about a selective advantage natural selection rather than just chance. However, the essence of their conclusion is vitamin D: our bodies not only produce more of it under the influence of ultraviolet rays, but, in addition, vitamin D helps us absorb calcium, which, in turn, strengthens bones. Two factors brought a selective advantage to humans with this variant, which increases the chances of passing it on to their descendants.

Certainly, humans have lived in these areas for more than 4,500 years. Research published in 2018 And so he proved it The Cheddar Man, who lived in England 10,000 years ago, was dark-skinned.

But these ancestors, explain it new worldThey were hunters-gatherers, who could get vitamin D from fish. The introduction of animal husbandry and agriculture made the population less mobile but it added milk to their diet, a source of calcium. This is what biologists call the pressure of evolution.

Photo: Representation of A Day in the Bronze Age / Hans Splinter / Flickr

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