Category Archives: Evolution

ExchangeWires ATS Madrid made a welcome return to the Spanish capital after a two-year hiatus. At a bustling Teatro Amaya in Madrids Chamberi district, guests were treated to a packed agenda discussing the latest issues across the media industry.

From measurement in a privacy first context and how publishers in Spain are structuring their business models around first party data, to the convergence of tech and creativity, our speakers had a lot to say. So what were the key talking points from the day? We take a look at the hot topics that industry experts discussed in Madrid.

With third-party cookies set to finally crumble at some point in the near future, many panels were interested in discussing whats going to come next.

During our Transacting Media in a Post-Cookie World panel, Tania Perez Gacho, digital business director, PHD discussed the need to avoid falling into the same traps by rehashing and repackaging old ideas: If were only developing cookies with another name, well just go back to the start. We need to find the best solutions, not just the easiest.

The conversation around cookieless continued with our Maximising Your Most Valuable Currency: First-Party Data panel. Cristina Lera, marketing solutions director, IPG Mediabrands thinks its time for a change: We need to be over cookieless now, so a new standard can rise Innovation comes from necessity. Maybe its that simple.

On the Where the Action is: Harnessing the Power of Retail Media panel, Rafael Martinez, director, business development, addressability Spain, LiveRamp, discussed data as an enabler and facilitator: Its the engine that launched retail media. The panel touched on the possibilities in the emerging sector, with Martinez discussing the strong growth already seen: The evolution is unparalleled - brands are really betting on retail media.

The first-party data discussion also turned to the subject of user-centricity. Lera discussed the need for better harnessing of first-party data in providing a better experience : First-party data really shows the relationship between the user and the brand. Cristina Villaroya, digital and media strategy director, BBVA also sees the cookieless future as an opportunity to improve the user experience: We cant prioritise business over user experience anymore.

Back on the retail media panel, Jesus Sancho Cubino, head of Carrefour Links Spain, Carrefour Spain discussed how data analysis of user needs allows for a better retail media offering, and the need for better knowledge of this nascent offering: We need to organise ourselves as an industry to improve visibility.

On the Evolution of the Publishers Business Model panel, we heard from Maylis Chevalier, director of innovation and digital product at Vocento, who discussed the importance of the user as a catalyst for collaboration: We need to focus on the user. Its the users that make publishers and tech companies speak the same language.

One of the most prominent themes throughout ATS Madrid was the need for collaboration. Whether in the form of interoperability, a multi-disciplinary approach or cross-industry standards, most panels touch on a more cooperative way of working.

This collaboration took a romantic turn during our Creative Transformation: Combining Data, Technology & Creativity panel. When discussing the need to remove silos and encourage technology to become part of the creative process, Roberto Fara, CCO, Ogilvy Spain, discussed wanting to see a polyamorous approach. Miguel Olivares, founder, La Despensa, agreed, running with the metaphor to demand an orgy of specialities.

On the same panel, David Pueyo, head of content and transmedia strategy at Bridges, chose to move the metaphor from the romantic to the theatrical, likening a successful creative and technological partnership as functioning like a performance: All the parts make the play - everyone works together to make a performance.

The future of TV was a hot topic around ATS Madrid, and our The Next Episode: Data-driven TV's Identity Opportunity discussed the need for collaboration. Enrique Diaz, digital and innovation director of Equmedia described the rise of CTV as a paradigm shift: Its a totally new way of working together. Gadea Rodriguez, associate director, advertiser solutions, Southern Europe, Pubmatic, spoke of how different TV platforms are starting to mix their models: Traditional TV is adding digital, digital natives are looking at linear audiences.

Jorge Suerias, chief data officer at A3Media asked: Are we able to make CTV address specific strategic goals? and highlighted the importance of measurement, with the panel agreeing that a set of industry standards is an important step. Juan Jesus Tova, head of data strategy for digital marketing, Mediaset agreed that we need efficient models to be adopted to increase interoperability.

As a fitting final thought for the day, Fernando Siles, head of online marketing, Worten described the three pressing challenges for retail media, defining them as measurement, inventory and communication. While he was specifically addressing retail media, these three issues had featured prominently across the day, highlighting some of the common challenges the industry will face over the coming year.

All discussions took place in Spanish. Quotes reported via translation.

Next stop for the ATS series is London, on June 14th - 15th 2022. Tickets are available now, with limited availability.

Read the rest here:

Context, cooperation and evolution: what we learned at ATS Madrid 2022 - ExchangeWire

Study area

With an area of about 2.33105 km2, the Western Sichuan Plateau (27.1134.31N and 97.36104.62E) is located in the transition zone between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Sichuan Basin, including all of Garze Prefecture and Aba Prefecture, and parts of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture28 (Fig.1). With an altitude of 7807556m, this area is dominated by mountain and ravine areas and high mountain and plateau areas, and the terrain is high in the west and low in the east. The climate belongs to the subtropical plateau monsoon climate, with large temperature difference between day and night and abundant sunshine. The annual average temperature is about 9.0110.5C, and the precipitation is about 556.8730 mm28. The study area is rich in water resources, including the Yalong River, Minjiang River and other important river systems in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Baihe River, Heihe river and other river systems of the Yellow River. The main types of soil are plateau meadow soil dark brown soil, brown soil, cold frozen soil and cinnamon soil, and the main vegetation types are alpine meadow and scrub. With rich and diverse soil vegetation types and distinctive vertical zonal distribution characteristics, it is one of the global biodiversity conservation hotspots29.

Location of the study area. The map is created in the support of ArcGIS 10.2 (ESRI). The China map and Western Sichuan Plateau boundary data were collected from Resources and Environmental Science and Data Center (http://www.resdc.cn/). The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau boundary data were collected from the Global Change Research Data Publishing & Repository (http://www.geodoi.ac.cn/WebCn/Default.aspx).

Multisource archival data were used in this study (Table 1). The land use remote sensing monitoring data, administrative boundary data and geological disaster vector data were obtained from Resources and Environmental Science and Data Center. The spatial resolution of land use remote sensing monitoring data is 3030m, including 6 first-level classification and 26s-level classification. The first-level classification includes cropland, woodland, grassland, water body, built-up land, and unused land. The accuracy of remote sensing classification is not less than 95% for cropland and built-up land, not less than 90% for grassland, woodland, and water body, and not less than 85% for unused land, which meets the need of the research. Landsat remote sensing monitoring data is used as the main information resources, among which Landsat-TM/ETM remote sensing monitoring data is used in 2000, 2005, 2010 and Landsat 8 remote sensing monitoring data is used in 2015 and 2020. In light of actual conditions and the implementation of policies and philosophies including the natural forest protection project, return of farmland to forest, land remediation, ecological civilization, the period from 2000 to 2020 is selected as the study period, and the land use data of each period is cropped using ArcGIS 10.2 to reclassify the 26 secondary classifications into cropland, woodland, grassland, water body, built-up land and unused land.

The DEM data were obtained from SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) of Resources and Environmental Science and Data Center, the spatial resolution of 3030m, absolute horizontal accuracy20m, absolute elevation accuracy16m, elevation and slope are extracted from the downloaded DEM. The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau boundary data were collected from the Global Change Research Data Publishing & Repository. Data of carbon density of different land types were obtained from Chinese Ecosystem Research Network Data Center (http://www.nesdc.org.cn/).

A total of 29,284 evaluation units were collected for spatial grid processing of the Western Sichuan Plateau according to 3km3km by ArcGIS 10.2. The impact factors obtained in this study include grid data per kilometer of GDP spatial distribution, grid data per kilometer of population spatial distribution, annual mean temperature spatial interpolation data, annual mean rainfall spatial interpolation data, long-term normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) comes from Resources and Environmental Science and Data Center with a resolution of 1km1km. The Human Active Index (HAI), with a resolution of 30m30m, can be calculated by formula30,31, and the factors are discretized into the data type required for the geodetector by the natural breakpoint method.

The InVEST model was developed by Stanford University, the University of Minnesota, the Nature Conservancy and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). The model's terrestrial ecosystem services assessment includes four modules: soil conservation, water retention, carbon storage and biodiversity assessment, and provides an overall measurement of regional ecosystem services32. The carbon storage model of the InVEST model divides the carbon storage of the ecosystem into 4 basic carbon pools, namely above-ground carbon, underground carbon, soil carbon, dead organic matter carbon7.

The calculation formula of total carbon storage in the Western Sichuan Plateau is as follows7:

$$C_{total} = C_{above} + C_{below} + C_{soil} + C_{dead}$$

(1)

In formula (1), Ctotal is the total carbon storage; Cabove is the above-ground carbon storage; Cbelow is the underground carbon storage; Csoil is the soil carbon storage, and Cdead is the dead organic matter carbon storage.

Based on the carbon density and land use data of different land use type, the carbon storage of each land use type in the Western Sichuan Plateau is calculated by the formula7:

$$C_{{text{total}}i} = (C_{{text{above}}i} + C_{{text{below}}i} + C_{{text{soil}}i} + C_{{text{dead}}i}) times A_{i}$$

(2)

In formula (2), i is the average carbon density of each land use, and Ai is the area of this land used.

The carbon density data of different land use types in this study were obtained from the shared date of the National Ecological Science Data Center and some documents33,34,35,36,37. Since the carbon density data were collected from the results of studies in different parts of China, the selected documents should be close to or similar to the study area as far as possible to avoid excessive data gap. At the same time, the carbon density varies with climate, soil properties and land use38, so the carbon density should be modified according to the climate characteristics and land use types of the Western Sichuan Plateau. Existing research results show that the carbon density is positively correlated with annual precipitation and weakly correlated with annual average temperature. The quantitative expression of the relationship between carbon density and temperature and precipitation is as follows39,40,41,42:

$$C_{SP} = 3.3968 times P + 3996.1;;left( {{text{R}}^{{2}} = 0.{11}} right)$$

(3)

$$C_{BP} = 6.7981e^{0.00541p};;;left( {{text{R}}^{{2}} = 0.{7}0} right)$$

(4)

$$C_{BT} = 28 times {text{T}} + 398;;left( {{text{R}}^{{2}} = 0.{47,};{text{P}} < 0.0{1}} right)$$

(5)

In these formula, CSP is the soil carbon density (kgm2) based on the annual precipitation; CBP is the biomass carbon density (kgm2) based on the annual precipitation; CBT is the biomass carbon density (kgm2) based on annual average temperature; P is the average annual precipitation (mm), and T is the annual average temperature (C). According to the data of China Meteorological Data Service Centre (http://data.cma.cn/), in the past 20years, the average annual temperature of China and the Western Sichuan Plateau was 9.0C and 6.3C, and the average annual precipitation was 643.50mm and 812.65mm respectively.

The modified formula of carbon density in the Western Sichuan Plateau is as follows7:

$$K_{BP} = frac{C^{prime}{_{BP}}}{{C^{primeprime}{_{BP}}}}$$

(6)

$$K_{BT} = frac{C^{prime}{_{BT}}}{{C^{primeprime}{_{BT}}}}$$

(7)

$$C_{BT} = 28 times T + 398;;left( {{text{R}}^{{2}} = 0.{47,};{text{P}} < 0.0{1}} right)$$

(8)

$$K_{S} = frac{C^{prime}{_{SP}}}{{C^{primeprime}{_{SP}}}}$$

(9)

In these formula, KBP is the modified indices of precipitation factor in biomass carbon density; KBT is the modified indices of temperature factor; C'BP and C''BP are the biomass carbon density obtained from annual precipitation in the Western Sichuan Plateau and the whole country respectively. C'BT and C''BT are the biomass carbon density obtained from annual average temperature; C'SP and C''SP are the soil carbon density data obtained from annual average temperature; KB and KS are the biomass carbon density modified indices and soil carbon density modified indices respectively. The carbon density values of each land use type after modified in the Western Sichuan Plateau are shown in Table 2.

Global Morans I was used to describe the spatial differentiation characteristics of carbon storage in the study area, and the expression formula is as follows43:

$$I = frac{{nsumnolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {sumnolimits_{j = 1}^{n} {w_{i,j} left( {x_{i} - overline{x} } right)left( {x_{j} - overline{x} } right)} } }}{{sumnolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {sumnolimits_{j = 1}^{n} {omega_{ij} } } sumnolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {left( {x_{i} - overline{x} } right)^{2} } }}$$

(10)

wij is the spatial weight; x is the attribute mean; xi and xj are the attribute values of elements i, j, respectively; n is the number of cells, and the correlation is considered significant when |Z|>1.96.

LISA reveals the local cluster characteristics of spatial unit attributes by analyzing the difference and significance between spatial units and surrounding units, and the expression formula is as follows42:

$$I_{i} (d) = frac{{n(x_{i} - overline{x} )sumnolimits_{j = 1}^{n} {w_{ij} (x_{j} - overline{x} )} }}{{sumnolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {(x_{j} - overline{x} )^{2} } }}$$

(11)

In order to evaluate the influence of natural factors and socioeconomic factors on carbon storage in the study area, the correlation coefficients of temperature, rainfall, NDVI, GDP, population density (PD), HAI and carbon storage were calculated according to the Pearson correlation coefficient method. The calculation formula is as follows44:

$$r_{xy} = frac{{sumnolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {(M_{i} - overline{x} )(y_{i} - overline{y} )} }}{{sqrt {sumnolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {(M_{i} - overline{x} )^{2} sumnolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {(y_{i} - overline{y} )} } } }}$$

(12)

rxy represents the correlation coefficient between x and y; Mi represents the carbon storage in the ith year; yi represents the value of the impact factor Y in the ith year, and ({overline{text{x}}}) and ({overline{text{y}}}) respectively represents the average value of carbon storage and impact factor in the research period over several years.

Land use is significantly spatially clustered in the study area31, and LUCC changes will have a certain impact on the structure and process of the ecosystem. HAI has the characteristics of spatial variability, which can reflect the impact of human activities on land use and landscape composition changes. In this study, Human Influence Index Analysis Method (HAI) index was used to analyze the correlation between carbon storage and human interference intensity in the Western Sichuan Plateau. The calculation formula is as follows30,

$$HAI = sumlimits_{i = 1}^{n} {left( {A_{i} P_{i} /TA} right)}$$

(13)

HAI is Human Active Index; Ai is the total area of the ith land use type; Pi The intensity parameter of human impact reflected by type i land use type; TA is the total final surface area of land use type in evaluation unit; n is the number of land use types. Combined with the land use type of this study, Pi is assigned by Delphi method, in which cropland is 0.67, woodland is 0.13, grassland is 0.12, water body is 0.10, built-up land is 0.96, and unused land is 0.0530,45.

Geodetector is an algorithm that uses spatial heterogeneity principle to detect driving factors of carbon storage, which can quantitatively detect the influence of impact factors on carbon storage and explore the interaction between driving factors. Geodetector includes factor detection, risk detection, interaction detection and ecological detection46.

Differentiation and factor detection: the influence factors were discretized, and then the significance test of the difference in the mean values of the impact factors was conducted to detect the relative importance among the factors. The statistical quantity q is used to measure the explanatory power of impact factors on the carbon storage spatial differentiation and the value range of q is between 0 and 1. The larger the value, the stronger the explanatory power of the factor47.

$$q = 1{ - }frac{{sumnolimits_{h = 1}^{L} {N_{h} sigma_{h}^{2} } }}{{Nsigma^{2} }}$$

(14)

In this formula, h=1, 2, L is the classification or partition of variable (Y) or factor (X); Nh and N are layer h and regional number units respectively; and (sigma_{h}^{2}) and (sigma_{{}}^{2}) are the variance of the layer h and regional value Y respectively.

The variance of the regional value Y is calculated as follows,

$$sigma^{2} = frac{{sumnolimits_{i = 1}^{n} {(Y_{i} - overline{Y} )^{2} } }}{N - 1}$$

(15)

where, Yi and (overline{Y}) are the mean value of sample j and the region Y, respectively.

$$sigma^{2} = frac{{sumnolimits_{i = 1}^{{n_{h} }} {(Y_{h,i} - overline{{Y_{h} }} )^{2} } }}{{N_{h} - 1}}$$

(16)

where, Y and (overline{Y}) are the value and mean value of sample i in layer h, respectively.

Interaction detection: it is used to identify the interaction between different impact factors Xs, that is, to evaluate whether the combined action of X1 and X2 will increase or weaken the explanatory power of vegetation coverage Y, or the influence of these factors on Y is independent of each other. The evaluation method is to first calculate the value q of the two factors X1 and X2 for Y respectively: q(X1) and q(X2), and calculate the value q of their interaction (the new polygon distribution formed by the tangent of the two layers of the superimposed variables X1 and X2) : q(X1X2) and compare q(X1) and q(X2) with q(X1X2)46.

See the article here:

Spatio-temporal evolution and driving factors of carbon storage in the Western Sichuan Plateau | Scientific Reports - Nature.com

Lyme disease has been a nationally recognized condition in the United States since 1991 and is the most common vector-borne illness in North America and Europe.1 Since 1991, the incidence of Lyme disease in the United States has nearly doubled and Lyme disease is now endemic to Northeastern States as well as Minnesota and Wisconsin. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that ~300,000 people get Lyme disease each year, however only about 35,000 cases are reported each year. This discrepancy is largely due to that fact that many cases do not get reported to the Nationally Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS).2 Additional limitations of surveillance data includes data are subject to each states abilities to capture and classify cases, and that data are captured by county of residence, not county of exposure.1 In the article below, we explore the current state of Lyme disease testing, and share perspectives on how improvements could be made in the future to improve time to diagnosis.

Lyme disease is a bacterial infection transmitted to humans through the bite of infected blacklegged ticks. The causative agent of Lyme disease, bacteria of the genus Borrelia, are known as spirochetes for their unique corkscrew shape.3 Several Borrelia species (spp.) have been identified and are associated with different regions including North America (Borrelia burgdorferi), Europe and Asia (Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii). In the United States, B. burgdorferi is spread by deer ticks (Ixodes scapularis) in the northeastern, mid-Atlantic and north-central regions, while the western blacklegged tick (Ixodes pacificus) spread disease on the Pacific Coast.4 Recently, an additional species, B. mayonii, has been discovered in blacklegged ticks collected in northwestern Wisconsin and Minnesota and has been found to also cause Lyme disease.5

Ticks often attach to hard-to-see areas such as the groin, armpits and scalp, and are difficult to identify due to their small size (<2 mm nymph stage). For Lyme disease transmission, the tick must be attached for 36 to 48 hours.4 Early symptoms of Lyme disease may begin from 3 to 30 days after the tick bite and include fever, chills, headache, fatigue, muscle and joint aches and swollen lymph nodes.6 Approximately 7080% of people will experience the erythema migrans (EM) rash which expands gradually over time sometimes forming the classic bulls-eye appearance. Later symptoms, days to months after the tick bite, include headaches, facial palsy, arthritis (Lyme arthritis), joint and nerve pain, dizziness, and irregular heartbeat (Lyme carditis).6

Lyme disease can also feature neurological involvement. Neurological Lyme disease (neuroborreliosis) occurs as a secondary symptom of Lyme disease involving the peripheral or central nervous system and occurs in about 1015% of patients with untreated Lyme disease.7 The attack on the nervous system typically appears as radiculitis (Bannwarths syndrome), which features cranial neuritis, facial paralysis and sensory disorders.8Less frequently, meningitis, myelitis, encephalitis and cerebral vasculitis occur.

Fortunately, patients with Lyme disease treated early with appropriate antibiotics typically experience a full recovery.9 The exact dosage and duration of treatment for Lyme disease is specific for the type of clinical manifestation. For people with EM rash, oral antibiotic treatment with either doxycycline, amoxicillin or cefuroxime is recommended.9 For patients with Lyme carditis, Lyme arthritis or neurological Lyme disease, oral or intravenous antibiotics are given.

Lyme disease diagnosis can be difficult based on symptoms alone in people who do not have an EM rash. In such cases, laboratory testing is essential.10,11 During the acute phase of the infection, molecular testing is not recommended because the DNA concentration in blood is low and may not be detectable. Later in infection, molecular testing has high sensitivity for the diagnosis of Lyme arthritis when using joint fluid as a sample (Table 1).12

Detection of antibodies in the blood is the gold standard for Lyme disease diagnosis (Table 1).12,13 The CDC established a two-tier testing algorithm in 1995, known as Standard Two-Tier Testing Algorithm (STTT). STTT consists of a first-line enzyme immunoassay (EIA) or immunofluorescence assay (IFA) screen for anti-Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies. Positive or equivocal samples are subsequently tested by B. burgdorferi-specific IgM and IgG immunoblots.13,14 Depending on the symptoms onset, both IgG and IgM immunoblot testing or only IgG testing have to be performed. A positive result is indicated by the presence of at least 2 out of a possible 3 bands for IgM immunoblot testing, or 5 out of a possible 10 bands for IgG immunoblot testing.15

The STTT presents some limitations: (a) In the early stage of Lyme disease, the sensitivity is low because of the low antibody concentration. As a result, false-negatives can happen. (b) Interpretation of immunoblot results can be challenging and subjective, leading to false-positive results.11,16,17 Due to these limitations, studies were performed to improve the accuracy of Lyme disease testing, and alternate testing to STTT has been additionally suggested.11,17,18 After 24 years, in July 2019, the FDA cleared a variation of STTT known as modified two-tier testing (MTTT) replacing the second tier immunoblot testing with a second EIA (either ELISA or chemiluminescence assay) that can detect IgM and IgG simultaneously or separately.19 Furthermore, the CDC and the guidelines for Lyme disease from Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)updated the testing algorithm with the addition of the MTTT. 12-14

For neuroborreliosis diagnosis, either the STTT or MTTT algorithm is recommended by CDC.13 Additional testing can be performed to confirm positive results or exclude other neurological diseases (Table 1). For example, testing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for intrathecal antibodies or CXCL13.12,20,21

MTTT's high performance has been demonstrated in various studies in the United States, Canada and Europe following FDA approval.22,23 In the United States, clinical testing labs have implemented the MTTT, and more manufacturers are offering solutions that are aligned with the MTTT. Some labs, on the other hand, continue to utilize STTT or both (MTTT and STTT) because some clinicians want to know what bands (antigens) are positive in the immunoblots to gain more information about the disease, such as those antigens that are relevant to the detection of Lyme arthritis.12 Therefore, both CDC testing algorithms are projected to be used in the coming years.

If laboratories intend to perform alternative testing in addition to, or instead of, the testing established by the CDC, they must validate the new test with the relevant assay as a lab-developed test (LDT) according to state and local guidelines. An example of alternate testing would be the use of immunoblots, as a second-tier test, containing extra and/or different antigens than those required by the CDC. A good example is the VlsE antigen, which stands for variable major protein-like sequence expressed. According to studies, adding the VlsE antigen, in an immunoblot to detect IgG, improves the sensitivity of Lyme disease testing in the early and late stages while retaining a high level of specificity.16,24-26

Patients who have recently traveled to Europe or Asia may benefit from testing for European or Asian Borrelia species in addition to US species. Due to the similarity of antigenic epitopes of Borrelia species antibody cross-reactivity is observed within the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex.27,28 As there may be species-specific antibodies in some circumstances, adding particular antigens for each species can improve the sensitivity of the tests.29

New assays are being investigated due to the limitations of serology during the early stages of Lyme disease. For example, new technologies with high sensitivity are being developed in the field of molecular biology.30,31 In serology, the discovery of novel antigens is crucial. According to a recent study, detecting antiphospholipid antibodies can improve STTT sensitivity during the early stages of illness.32 Additionally, T-cell response detection against Borrelia spp. infection has been explored, implying that T-cell response testing could aid in the diagnosis of early Lyme disease.33-36

Further studies are required to support the inclusion of such testing alternatives in the CDC testing algorithm and to better understand the clinical utility of new antigens and markers for the early phase of the infection and their relevance to monitoring treatment and reinfection.

Table 1: Clinical symptoms and testing in early and convalescent phases of Lyme disease.

Lyme disease stage

Clinical symptoms/testing

Early stage of Lyme disease (3-30 days after tick bite)

Disseminated and chronic stages of Lyme disease

(>30 days after tick bite)

Clinical symptoms

EM rash: detectable in 70%80 % of patients

Unspecific: fever, chills, headache, fatigue, muscle, and joint aches, swollen lymph nodes

EM rash: not observed

Lyme arthritis: swollen knees, neck stiffness

Lyme carditis: light-headedness, fainting, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, or chest pain

Neuroborreliosis: meningitis/encephalitis

Molecular

PCR (limited utility in blood)

Lyme arthritis: PCR (highest sensitivity in joint fluid)

Serology

IgM

Antibodies against phospholipids*

IgM and/or IgG are detectable in the blood depending on the time of the infection

Neuroborreliosis (CSF testing):

Intrathecal IgM and/or IgG detectable depending on time of the infection

CXCL13 upregulation

Cellular response

T-cell response*

T-cell response*

* Further studies are required to support the clinical utility of this testing.

About the authors:

Maite Sabalza, PhD, is the Scientific Affairs Manager at EUROIMMUN US, a PerkinElmer company.Her academic background is in infectious diseases and diagnostics.

Ilana Heckler, PhD, is the Scientific Affairs Associate at EUROIMMUN US, a PerkinElmer company.She holds a PhD in Chemical Biology for her studies on bacterial hemoprotein sensors of nitric oxide.

References

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4. Transmission of Lyme disease. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/transmission/index.html. Published January 29, 2020. Accessed April 23, 2022.

5. What you need to know about Borrelia mayonii. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/mayonii/index.html. Published September 12, 2019. Accessed April 23, 2022.

6. Signs and symptoms of untreated Lyme disease. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/signs_symptoms/index.html. Published January 15, 2021. Accessed April 23, 2022.

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8. Neuroborreliosis. Lyme Disease Action. https://www.lymediseaseaction.org.uk/about-lyme/neurology-psychiatry/. Published February 5, 2022. Accessed April 23, 2022.

9. Erythema migrans rash. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/treatment/erythema-migrans-rash.html. Published March 1, 2022. Accessed April 23, 2022.

10. Lantos PM, Auwaerter PG, Nelson CA. Lyme disease serology. JAMA. 2016;315(16):1780-1781. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.4882

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12. Auwaerter PG, Kobayashi T, Wormser GP. Guidelines for Lyme disease are updated. Am J Med. 2021;134(11):1314-1316. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.06.051

13. Lyme disease diagnosing and testing. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/lyme/diagnosistesting/index.html. Published May 21, 2021. Accessed April 23, 2022.

14. Suggested reporting language, interpretation and guidance regarding Lyme disease serologic test results. APHL. https://www.aphl.org/aboutAPHL/publications/Documents/ID-2021-Lyme-Disease-Serologic-Testing-Reporting.pdf. Published May 2021. Accessed April 23, 2022.

15. Reed KD. Laboratory testing for Lyme disease: possibilities and practicalities. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40(2):319-324. doi: 10.1128/JCM.40.2.319-324.2002

16. Marques AR. Revisiting the Lyme disease serodiagnostic algorithm: the momentum gathers. J Clin Microbiol. 2018;56(8). doi: 10.1128/JCM.00749-18

17. Theel ES. The past, present, and (possible) future of serologic testing for Lyme disease. J Clin Microbiol. 2016;54(5):1191-1196. doi: 10.1128/JCM.03394-15

18. Reifert J, Kamath K, Bozekowski J, et al. Serum epitope repertoire analysis enables early detection of Lyme disease with improved sensitivity in an expandable multiplex format. J Clin Microbiol. 2021;59(2). doi: 10.1128/JCM.01836-20

19. FDA clears new indications for existing Lyme disease tests that may help streamline diagnoses. FDA. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-clears-new-indications-existing-lyme-disease-tests-may-help-streamline-diagnoses. Published July 29, 2019. Accessed April 23, 2022.

20. De Bont E, Lagrou K, Depypere M. Comparison of the Euroimmun Borrelia 'antibody index' with Virotech immunoblot-based detection of intrathecal Borrelia antibody production for the diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2022;41(1):155-161. doi: 10.1007/s10096-021-04343-x

21. Ziegler K, Rath A, Schoerner C, et al. Comparative analysis of the Euroimmun CXCL13 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the ReaScan lateral flow immunoassay for diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2020;58(9). doi: 10.1128/JCM.00207-20

22. Pradelli L, Pinciroli M, Houshmand H, et al. Comparative cost and effectiveness of a new algorithm for early Lyme disease diagnosis: Evaluation in US, Germany, and Italy. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2021;13:437-451. doi: 10.2147/CEOR.S306391

23. Sfeir MM, Meece JK, Theel ES, et al. Multicenter clinical evaluation of modified two-tiered testing algorithms for Lyme disease using Zeus Scientific commercial assays. J Clin Microbiol. 2022:e0252821. doi: 10.1128/jcm.02528-21

24. Branda JA, Aguero-Rosenfeld ME, Ferraro MJ, Johnson BJ, Wormser GP, Steere AC. 2-tiered antibody testing for early and late Lyme disease using only an immunoglobulin G blot with the addition of a VlsE band as the second-tier test. Clin Infect Dis. 2010;50(1):20-26. doi: 10.1086/648674

25. Schulte-Spechtel U, Lehnert G, Liegl G, et al. Significant improvement of the recombinant Borrelia-specific immunoglobulin G immunoblot test by addition of VlsE and a DbpA homologue derived from Borrelia garinii for diagnosis of early neuroborreliosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(3):1299-1303. doi: 10.1128/JCM.41.3.1299-1303.2003

26. Strobino B, Steinhagen K, Meyer W, et al. A community study of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies among individuals with prior Lyme disease in endemic areas. Healthcare (Basel). 2018;6(2). doi: 10.3390/healthcare6020069

27. Hauser U, Lehnert G, Lobentanzer R, Wilske B. Interpretation criteria for standardized Western blots for three European species of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. J Clin Microbiol. 1997;35(6):1433-1444. doi: 10.1128/jcm.35.6.1433-1444.1997

28. Norman GL, Antig JM, Bigaignon G, Hogrefe WR. Serodiagnosis of Lyme borreliosis by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. garinii, and B. afzelii western blots (immunoblots). J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34(7):1732-1738. doi: 10.1128/JCM.34.7.1732-1738.1996

29. Heikkil T, Huppertz H, Seppl I, Sillanp H, Saxen H, Lahdenne P. Recombinant or peptide antigens in the serology of Lyme arthritis in children. J Infect Dis. 2003;187(12):1888-1894. doi: 10.1086/375371

30. Branda JA, Lemieux JE, Blair L, et al. Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi cell-free DNA in human plasma samples for improved diagnosis of early Lyme borreliosis. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;73(7):e2355-e2361. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa858

31. Podbianin-Ziburt A, Falk TM, Metze D, Ber-Auer A. Diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis with a novel, seminested real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting the 5S-23S intergenic spacer region: clinical features, histopathology, and immunophenotype in 44 Patients. Am J Dermatopathol. 2022;44(5):338-347. doi: 10.1097/DAD.0000000000002119

32. Gwynne PJ, Clendenen LH, Turk SP, Marques AR, Hu LT. Antiphospholipid autoantibodies in Lyme disease arise after scavenging of host phospholipids by Borrelia burgdorferi. J Clin Invest. 2022;132(6). doi: 10.1172/JCI152506

33. McKisic MD, Barthold SW. T-cell-independent responses to Borrelia burgdorferi are critical for protective immunity and resolution of Lyme disease. Infect Immun. 2000;68(9):5190-5197. doi: 10.1128/IAI.68.9.5190-5197.2000

34. Jin C, Roen DR, Lehmann PV, Kellermann GH. An enhanced ELISPOT assay for sensitive detection of antigen-specific T cell responses to Borrelia burgdorferi. Cells. 2013;2(3):607-620. doi: 10.3390/cells2030607

35. van de Schoor FR, Baarsma ME, Gauw SA, et al. Validation of cellular tests for Lyme borreliosis (VICTORY) study. BMC Infect Dis. 2019;19(1):732. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-4323-6

36. Callister SM, Jobe DA, Stuparic-Stancic A, et al. Detection of IFN- secretion by T cells collected before and after successful treatment of early Lyme disease. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62(10):1235-1241. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw112

Read more here:

Evolution of Lyme Disease Testing and Future Perspectives - Technology Networks

Photo: A former Tops Friendly Market, by Nicholas Eckhart, via Flickr (cropped).

Over the weekend, a teenage male shooter perpetrateda horrific mass murderin a supermarket in Buffalo, New York, where 13 people were shot, and 10 died. All but two of the victims were black.

Journalists and commentators have rushed to report that the shooter is a white supremacist who hates blacks, Jews, and immigrants and subscribes to the racist theory known as The Great Replacement. The description is true as far as it goes.

But it is also woefully inadequate. It doesnt tell us anything about the roots of the shooters twisted beliefs. Until we start paying attention to THAT question, we are unlikely to make progress in combatting these kinds of crimes in the future.

It certainly wasnt Christianity. In a manifesto posted online that has been attributed to the shooter, the author does make a bizarre claim that he believe[s] in and practice[s] many Christian values. (p. 7) Apparently thou shalt not murder and love thy neighbor as thyself arent among them. More importantly, this pro forma statement in the manifesto follows an unequivocal rejection of Christianity. Are you a Christian? the manifestos writer asks himself.No. I do not ask God for salvation by faith, nor do I confess my sins to Him. He goes on to suggest he is an out-and-out materialist: I personally believe there is no afterlife.

If not religion, what about politics? Perhaps the shooter was persuaded by the rhetoric of Republican Party politicians or conservative pundits like Tucker Carlson, as some have recklessly suggested online? Sorry, but those who want to score partisan points in this awful tragedy should look elsewhere.

Despite claims to the contrary, the shooter is hard to pigeonhole as someone who fits neatly either on the right or left. In his purported manifesto, this is how he describes his political beliefs: When I was 12 I was deep into communist ideology, talk to anyone from my old high school and ask about me and you will hear that. From age 15 to 18 however, I consistently moved farther to the right. On the political compassI fall in the mild-moderate authoritarian left category, and I would prefer to be called a populist. (p. 9, emphasis mine) He later reiterates: I would prefer to call myself a populist. Butyou can call me an ethno-nationalist eco-fascist national socialistif you want, I wouldnt disagree with you. (p. 10, emphasis mine)

So if not religion or politics, what fueled his hatreds? Try evolutionary science.

In his purported manifesto, the shooter asserts that blacks are a different subspecies of human. Why? Because Whites and Blacksare separated by tens of thousands of years of evolution, and our genetic material is obviously very different. (emphasis mine, p. 14) Elsewhere he suggests that Europeans and Asians are more recently evolved than blacks (p. 17), which sounds eerily reminiscent of the view of countless racists of the past (includingCharles Darwin himself) that blacks are the lowest humans on the evolutionary ladder.

You wont find the shooter drawing on Tucker Carlson or Donald Trump in his manifesto. Youwillfind lots of citations to articles in mainstream peer-reviewed science journals, includingNature Genetics, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Molecular Psychiatry, Journal of Research in Personality, Personality and Individual Differences, andCurrent Directions in Psychological Science.You will also find citations to science articles published in media outlets liketheNew York Times. The shooter cites those sources to try to justify genetic reductionism and his abhorrent belief in black genetic inferiority.

Unfortunately, the Buffalo shooters evolutionary racism is not an outlier among recent mass killers. Arguments drawn from evolution have been prominent in the ideologies of many mass shooters in recent years, includingAnders Breivikin 2011, a Norwegian mass murderer cited as a role model by the Buffalo shooter. Other shooters smitten by Darwinian evolution have included theColumbine High School shooters in 1999, Finnish shooterPekka Eric Auvinenin 2007, theHolocaust Memorial Museum shooterin 2009, and theGilroy Garlic Festival shooterin 2019.

Obviously, believing in evolution doesnt compel one to be a racist, let alone predispose a personto be a killer. Nevertheless, if we want to counteract the influences that shape people like the Buffalo shooter, we need to face the way evolutionary science is being misused to support the new white supremacists.

To some degree, the past is coming back to haunt the scientific community. The historical connections between evolutionary biology and racism are undeniable. As historian Richard Weikart meticulously documents in his recent book, Darwinian Racism: How Darwinism Influenced Hitler, Nazism, and White Nationalism(2022), evolutionary arguments have been a staple among scientific racists over the past century right down to the present. You will find some of the same evidence in my documentaryHuman Zoos.

To their credit, most supporters of Darwinian evolution largely abandoned their scientific racism after the civil rights era, if not earlier. The problem is that they had little positive to replace it with. Think about it: If humans truly evolved through a blind and accidental process that did not have them in mind, its not much of a jump to believe that some human populations must have evolved in ways superior to other human populations. Thus, a tendency toward racism was sort of built-in to evolutionary theory from the get-go. While most scientists have turned their backs on such racism, the misanthropic foundations of Darwinism have not been replaced. Today the misanthropy usually shows itself not in the support of racism, but in the denial of value toallhumans. This is what one finds in the current animal/plant/nature rights movements as well the population control movement. (If you doubt this, see my colleague Wesley J. Smiths book and documentary,The War on Humans.)

And yet what happens when some now seek a return to the earlier days of Darwinian racism? The scientific communitys rejection of scientific racism after the civil rights movement was more sociological than scientific. So when white supremacists come along today and resurrect arguments for Darwinian racism from years gone by, modern evolutionary theory may not have the moral resources to persuade them otherwise.

By contrast, if you have a teleological view of the development of life, you have more resources to draw on. If you believe humans and their capabilities resulted from a transcendent plan rather than the happenstance of unguided evolution if you believe that science shows man is, to invoke biologist Michael Denton,a miracle rather than an accident, its a lot easier to believe that humans are fundamentally equal. All of us reflect the same underlying plan. Any differences that exist are variations on the same overarching theme.

A coda to the Buffalo shooter bears mentioning, because it is also connected to science.

In his manifesto, the shooter says he didnt always hold his current hateful views. So when did things change? He recalls: I started browsing 4chan in May 2020 after extreme boredom, remember this was during the outbreak of covid. (p. 13) Left to himself, he had endless time to lurk on the web, which means he had endless time to discover and then be persuaded by the arguments of the vile merchants of white supremacy, anti-Semitism, and scientific racism.

Recall that most schools were closed for in-person interactions in 2020. So were churches. So were gyms and recreational facilities. So were many other institutions of normal socialization. The shutdowns were imposed in the name of science and with the support of leading scientific and medical authorities.

At the time, some people dared to raise questions about what the unintended consequences might be for young people if we shut them off from healthy in-person interactions. Now we have the answer for at least one person.

Only one data point, I know. But in coming months, I fear we may have more.

Go here to read the rest:

Science Fueled a White Supremacist Mass Murder - Discovery Institute

If youll be at the Luxury show in Las Vegas this year (it opens June 8 to invited guests and June 10 for all JCK attendees), stop by the Sylvie booth to see what a brand evolution looks like. The Plano, Texasbased bridal manufacturer and longtime Luxury exhibitor recently unveiled a new logo, new typography, and new brand campaign on the occasion of its 15th anniversary.

Spearheaded by Gary Levine, the companys director of operations (and eldest son of company founders Ian and Sylvie Levine), the rebranding project is a very deliberate effort to position Sylvie for several more decades of growth.

This is very much about evolving into our next chapter and celebrating our heritage and better communicating our vision and our story, Levine tells JCK. Particularly the love story between my parents Ian and Sylvie, and the details in the designs of our products.

Levine joined the family business last August, after leaving a career in finance. The branding initiative was among his first orders of business.

The first thing we did was we talked to a handful of our strongest and closest customers, Levine says. We spoke to sales reps, particularly ones whod been with us for two decades plus, and we talked to people we know who have marketing backgrounds and brand experience and basically triangulated that into words, pictures, and ideas.

It became an iterative process that eventually turned into the new icon that we unveiled, new typography choices for our literature, having that be more feminine and uniquenot just fonts you could download from Google, he adds. We now have a custom font we worked with a designer to create.

The new Shine On brand campaign is a nod to Sylvies heritage and the bright future ahead, given the companys growth plans, according to a brand statement. Steeped in the companys new visual identity, the campaign features women who radiate youthful femininity, no matter their biological age, and are elegant, confident, and complex, Levine said in a statement.

In order to create the campaign, and fine-tune the brands strategy, Levine worked with his team to create fictional personas based on the customers who buy Sylvies products.

Every time we make a decision on marketing or the product side, we talk about, basically, the fake people we created, Levine says. We came up with where they shop, who they follow on Instagram. Thats what we did, and what you see is the product of all that.

In terms of actual products, however, much remains the same. The design hasnt changed at all, materially, Levine says. Thats whats been superstrong and has helped our company grow over the last 15 years and remain on trend.

At Luxury this year, buyers should expect to see many of the companys popular bridal styles displayed in yellow goldbecause its so hot, says Levinebigger center stones to compete with the rise of larger lab-grown center stones and a dedicated focus on the small details that set Sylvies designs apart.

Particularly taking existing styles we had and creating peekaboo or subtle details, which we find extremely popular these days, he says. Its the kind of thing you can only show a customer in a store and they find it amazing. Were trying to achieve those kinds of reactions and achieve the limits of whats possible in those small spaces. Thats really the crux of our new designs.

Top: Brianna ring in 18k yellow gold with 2 ct. pear-shape diamond center stone and 0.32 ct. t.w. diamond accents, $2,720 (center stone not included); photos courtesy of Sylvie

See more here:

Sylvie's Gary Levine On The Brand's Evolution - JCK

SEOUL, May 13 (Reuters) - South Korea was the first country to launch a fifth-generation mobile network in 2019, heralding a warp-speed technological transformation to self-driving cars and smart cities.

Three years on, the giddy promises are unfulfilled.

Some 45% of the country's people are now on 5G, one of the highest rates globally, after some $20 billion in spending on network upgrades that have boosted connection speeds five-fold. But telecommunications companies have not been willing to invest in the fancier technology that would ramp speeds by 20 times over 4G technology.

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That is because the demand is not there yet. App makers have not brought to mass market services like autonomous driving that would require more firepower. Customers can watch Netflix and surf the net well enough with existing 5G technology.

Telcos have adapted by diversifying. To make the quantum leap to the highest-speed 5G will require the roll-out of essential services that need such fast connections.

"When households begin to have robots at their homes, for instance, telcos would then start ramping up infrastructure investments, so the highest-speed 5G will be partially available around 2025," said Kim Hyun-yong, an analyst at Hyundai Motor Securities.

The lesson for other countries racing toward 5G may be: curb your enthusiasm. The new technology holds great promise, but for now there will still be as much evolution as revolution in the high-speed internet future.

In April 2019, South Koreas three mobile carriers - with a PR campaign featuring K-pop stars and an Olympic gold medallist - as well as Verizon Communications of the United States - rushed their commercial 5G launches ahead of schedule, all keen to claim first spot in the high-profile wireless technology.

Asia's fourth-biggest economy has remained the 5G pioneer, but the hype had begun to fade even before COVID-19 slammed demand for 5G devices. Companies have baulked at investing the estimated $370 billion needed to set up the fastest 5G, and revenue growth has stalled.

"Rolling out 5G that is 20 times faster is nearly impossible, even in Seoul, said Ku Hyun-mo, CEO of South Korea's top telecoms operator, KT Corp (030200.KS).

Establishing nationwide coverage just cant be done," Ku told Reuters. The fastest version millimetre wave (mmWave) spectrum "travels straight and it cant go around obstacles. It cant deliver the same speed once it travels a few hundred metres."

The ultra-shortwave mmWave would require 15 to 20 base stations per square kilometre (40-50 per square mile), compared with just two to five for 4G, according to a McKinsey report.

South Korean telcos have built around 215,000 5G base stations, but only 2% of them can handle mmWave. Other countries that have introduced 5G, such as the United States and China, also largely rely on the slower mid-band spectrum.

As of March, South Korea had 22.9 million 5G subscribers, just under half the number of its 4G users. By contrast, when 4G celebrated its third birthday, its users had more than doubled those of its predecessor.

"When 4G was first rolled out in 2011, data demand exploded to watch YouTube and Netflix, and users aggressively switched to 4G," said analyst Kim. Now, though, "telcos currently lack a killer service that can generate heavier data demand" that would justify paying up for 5G he said.

In the first two to three years of 4G, carriers' average revenue per user (ARPU) climbed 5% to 12% annually. By contrast, KT's ARPU rose 3.7% in the first quarter from a year earlier, while that of SK Telecom Co (017670.KS) edged up 0.6% and third-ranked LG Uplus Corp (032640.KS) saw a 4.2 decline.

"If telcos stick with the current connectivity business, they will plateau," said KT's Ku.

Mobile carriers are increasingly turning their eyes to new businesses. KT is developing artificial intelligence to power call centres, hoping that business will double this year, while SK Telecom has seen a jump in revenues for cloud services and data centres.

Diversification is paying off with investors so far. SK Telecom and KT shares have risen some 26% since 5G rolled out, beating the broader market's 18% rise even as ARPU growth slowed.

"From 3G to 4G, data demand increased exponentially. But at the moment, data demand is growing linearly," said Hyundai's Kim. "Mid-band 5G would facilitate the popularisation of 5G and serve as a bridge to the next step."

($1 = 1,275.6400 won)

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Reporting by Byungwook Kim and Joyce Lee; Editing by Miyoung Kim and William Mallard

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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Analysis: South Korea's high-speed 5G mobile revolution gives way to evolution - Reuters

DUBLIN--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The "Quantum Sensors: Market Evolution 2022 to 2031" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.

This report analyzes these trends and includes granular revenue forecasts of quantum sensors broken out by types of sensors and end user segment. It also includes profiles of 15 leading quantum sensor firms discussing their marketing strategies and likely products.

It has been three years since the analyst published a market assessment of the of the quantum sensor sector; much has changed. Quantum sensors are rapidly commercializing. For example, we are entering an era when quantum sensors will become day-to-day realities in air traffic control and healthcare.

At the same time, quantum sensors are being integrated into the quantum technology revolution. Thousands of high-performance optical detectors will be used both in optical quantum computers and in QKD.

And the playing-card sized quantum sensors of a few years ago are giving way to fully miniaturized chip-based quantum sensors. We must also consider the growing number of military applications for quantum sensors given the current geopolitical situation.

In addition, this report explores both where giant companies such as Bosch and Honeywell will make their mark and the opportunities available to the growing number start-ups in the quantum sensor space.

Key Topics Covered:

Executive Summary

E.1 Rich Uncle or Poor Cousin? Quantum Sensing in the Quantum Pantheon

E.2 Key Drivers that are bringing Quantum Sensing to the Fore

E.3 A Meta-trend shaping the Quantum Sensors Marketplace

E.4 Summary of Ten-year Forecasts by Type of End User/Application

E.5 Five Players to Watch in the Quantum Sensing Space

Chapter One: Introduction

1.1 A Tale of Two Quantum Sensors

1.2 Objective and Scope of this Report

1.3 Methodology of this Report

1.4 Plan of this Report

Chapter Two: Quantum Sensing: Market Impact of Current Drivers and Trends and Recent Technological Developments

2.1 Quantum Sensing: Drivers and Trends

2.1.1 Driver 1: The Paradigm-Shifting Re-Definition of the S.I. Units

2.1.2 Driver 2: NIST-on-a-Chip (Noac) Thinking

2.1.3 Driver 3: The Quantum (Sensor) Space Race

2.1.4 Driver 4: Funding and Development in Quantum Computing and Quantum Communication

2.1.5 Meta-Trend: IoT (Internet-of-Things)

2.2 Quantum Sensor Technologies: Recent Developments

2.2.1 (Chip Scale) Atomic Clocks

2.2.2 Quantum Gravimeters

2.2.3 Quantum Magnetometers

2.2.4 Quantum Electric Field Sensors

2.2.5 Quantum Light Detectors

2.2.6 Quantum Imaging

2.2.7 Quantum LIDAR

2.2.8 Quantum Radar

2.2.9 Quantum Internet-of-Things (Q-IoT)

2.2.10 Key Takeaways from this Chapter

Chapter Three: Ten-Year Forecasts by Industry Sector

3.1 Quantum Sensing Applications and Markets by Sector

3.2 Transportation Markets: Positioning, Navigation, and Timing

3.3 Telecommunication and Energy Networks: Timing

3.4 The Financial Sector: Timing

3.5 The Construction, Surveying and Oil and Gas Industries

3.6 The Healthcare Industry: Quantum-Enhanced Imaging

3.7 The Defense Sector

3.8 Markets for Quantum Sensors in Scientific Research

3.9 Key Takeaways from this Chapter

Chapter 4: Quantum Sensing Companies: Products, Strategy, and Competitive Analysis

4.1 The Quantum Sensing Ecosystem

4.2 Bosch (Germany)

4.3 ColdQuanta (United States)

4.4 Element 6 (United Kingdom)

4.5 Honeywell (United States)

4.6 M Squared Lasers (United Kingdom)

4.7 Muquans (France)

4.8 NIST (United States)

4.9 QLM (United Kingdom)

4.10 QZabre (Switzerland)

4.11 Single Quantum (The Netherlands)

About the Analyst

Acronyms and Abbreviations Used In this Report

Companies Mentioned

For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/cx2tqq

Follow this link:

Global Quantum Sensors Market Evolution Analysis Report 2022-2031: Market Impact of Current Drivers and Trends and Recent Technological Developments -...

How a rural, two-lane road became a busy corridor for international dining and groceries.

Linda Deitch| Columbus Monthly

Bethel Roads story began in 1833, when Hiram Andrews successfully petitioned Franklin County to fell trees for a new road that would run west from what we now call Olentangy River Road to the Scioto River. Township maps from the 1800s show this road and adjacent parcels bearing familiar names of area landowners (Henderson, Tuller, Hard, etc.), an orchard and the Bethel Church, after which the road was officially named in 1935.

Until the 1980s, there was no access from State Route 315 to this road for a simple reason: The freeway hadnt been built that far north yet. Bethel was a quiet, rural, two-lane road with homes, some offices, a church and roaming deer. There were no apartment complexes or shopping centers. Families who lived there often had owned their property for generations.

In 1976, the restaurant that would become The Refectory opened in the former Bethel Church building. Owner Kamal Boulos recalls that to reach the restaurant from Downtown you had to take 315 to Ackerman Road, then head north on Kenny Road to Bethel. There was only one other restaurant nearby around that time, he saysa Red Lobster, which was later the site of Winking Lizard Tavern (and is currently being redeveloped into a Sheetz).

More: Chef Richard Blondin Celebrates 30 Years at The Refectory

After access from both I-270 and 315 improved and a tedious four-year project to widen Bethel Road was completed in 1992, people from outlying suburbs helped turn the area into a commercial destination. This was before the allure of Tuttle Mall, Easton Town Center or Polaris Fashion Place, which opened in 1997, 1999 and 2001, respectively.

As pockets of development sprang up in those three shopping areas, once-popular restaurant corridors, including Bethel Road and State Route 161, suffered. Bethel fell out of favor with developers, real estate values fell and retail space there became more affordable. This enabled smaller, independent businesses to gain a foothold, such as Golden Delight Bakery, which opened in 1994 and remains there today.

More: Six Bethel Road Sweets and Desserts to Try

In 1997, a young Chinese engineer, Jay Yang, opened Columbus Asia Market (better known as CAM) in an 8,000-square-foot space on Bethel. At the time, CAM was the biggest Asian grocery store in Central Ohio, and it arrived in an era when the citys immigrant population was growing, new housing was being built nearby to appeal to 20-somethings and interest in international cuisine was surging. (CAM has since relocated to Hilliard.)

I saw the existing markets couldnt provide the services people wanted, Yang toldColumbus CEOin a 2020 interview. I thought, why cant an Asian grocery store do a better job, have a bright, spacious place? I thought I could bring that concept.

At the turn of the millennium, a variety of international restaurants followed, including Min-Ga in 2001, Buckeye Pho and Los Guachos in 2011, and Jiu Thai in 2013. Today, Bethel Road looks much different than when Boulos looked out in 1976 and saw few restaurant neighbors, save Red Lobster.

Theres room for everyone on Bethel Road, he says.

Several bygone establishments include: Rockys (a boisterous bar with 26 flavors of iced tea), Dalts, Cooker Bar & Grille, Davids San Francisco, Bumpers, Mark Pis Ancient Wok, Judys Caf and Big Bear, among others.

Hunan Lion, named the citys first true gourmet Chinese restaurant, by former Dispatchrestaurant reviewer Doral Chenoweth, made its debut on Bethel in 1987.

Correction: The print version of this story and the original online version contained an incorrect opening year for Hunan Lion.

This story is from the May 2022 issue of Columbus Monthly.

Read the original:

The History and Evolution of Bethel Road - Columbus Monthly

Seeing Someone Else, the latest single from 3X Grammy nominated singer/songwriter Ingrid Andress, is not the cheating song that its title and first few lines would lead you to believe. No, its writers (Ingrid alongside Derrick Sutherland and Jesse Frasure) have cleverly crafted a song that turns out to be about how people evolve during a relationship, whether their partner wants them to or not. Sometimes its hard to accept that the person you fell for initially has changed, but denying it is not healthy for either party.I think youre seeing who I used to be, I bet you wish I was the girl that you met out in a bar making a mess of 23 you know youre hanging on to history Ingrid tells her partner as she confronts them in this fantastic power ballad.

Talking about the write, Ingrid says Some people want to keep you exactly where you are for as long as possible, even if its hurting you. Sometimes you dont even realise its happening. But then one day you wake up and decide the person they want you to be isnt you anymore, so you pack your shit and break free from their grip. She continues This song has truly become one of my favourites from the new music, and I hope it makes you feel as liberated as I felt when writing it.

Ingrid also showcases her feelings visually on the singles official video through a mirage of grainy VHS footage that follows her through illuminated nighttime cityscapes ad dive bars. The end clip shows her watching footage of herself and reflecting on her personal journey, revealing an inspiring new sense of self-awareness and independence.

Theres as yet no further details about the album, but Ingrid is going to be kept very busy in the coming months as after performing in Nashville during the CMA Music Festival next month she is heading out on the road with Keith Urban for his 52-date North American The Speed of Now World Tour.

Follow Ingrid Andress here

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Article written by Lesley Hastings (twitter.com/lesleyhastings)

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Ingrid Andress Explores Self-Growth and Evolution On New Song Seeing Someone Else - Belles and Gals

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Ashley and Richard Munro launched their own glass company 10 years ago, with its first job fixing the front door of a commercial building.

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Evolution Glass was housed in a 5,000-square-foot industrial bay they fixed up themselves in Vista Heights. They called on previous contacts here to let them know that only a year after they had moved to New Brunswick they were back in town and in business for themselves.

Handing out promotional flyers and networking, they acquired the necessary equipment and four trucks, and have never looked back.

Two years later the business had grown so much they needed to lease more space and moved into 14,000 square feet, but by last year it was evident they had run out of space again. The Cushman Wakefield team of David Reich and Kevin Tang moved them into 35,000 square feet of office, plant and showroom in the Kingswood Cabinet manufacturing plant in Melcors The District development, south of Country Hills Boulevard and west of Deerfoot Trail N.E.

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Ashley started her career in the industry in the accounting department of a Calgary glazing company, and was soon involved in its day-to-day service operations and streamlining its manpower. Richard had 12 years of experience in managing glazing projects of all sizes when they started Evolution Glass with four other employees.

Today they have a staff of 59, and projects have significantly increased in size from that broken glass door to several in the multimillion-dollar range.

Hence the need for room to house new equipment to increase efficiency and productivity, larger storage capacity, space for its 15 trucks, and a showroom to help clients understand the systems they work with.

Evolution Glass still fixes things, but way beyond the broken panes in a door. Today they repair windows on highrise buildings and change exterior ones 30 storeys high.

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But much of the business is with new construction. A good example is manufacturing and installing all of the glass for the podium tower of Brookfield Place, and all of the windows, doors and storefronts in the construction by PCL of the 14-storey Minto residential development at the bottom of 4th Street, N.E., in Bridgeland.

Also in the Bridgeland community, Evolution Glass is working with Clark Builders on a continuing-care facility for Alberta Infrastructure.

New schools have also kept the company busy in Mahogany, Auburn Bay and Springbank Hill for the Calgary Board of Education, as well as a school for the Tsuutina Nation and a K-9 school in Airdrie.

The crews are very experienced and able to take on all kinds of projects, but some jobs present interesting challenges, such as overhauling Plus-15 overpasses that require working over moving traffic.

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Evolution Glass boasts a busy department specializing in continuous service contracts, including for the City of Calgary and the Calgary Catholic School District.

The Munros have also launched a special projects division that has consulted on adding support to existing systems in older buildings, determining the best method of handling unique building envelopes and any specialized needs, such as installing the glass on the 61st executive floor of Telus Sky.

One of its more glamorous and challenging projects may never be seen by passersby, but the magnificent large glass dome on the rooftop of the MacEwan Hall tower at the University of Calgary must be a grand sight from inside the building.

Notes:

Way Out West Fest is a series of events to help people get connected to the West. It is an annual event taking place June 10 to 12 to discover and celebrate the diverse culture and spirit of the modern West, embracing the community and lifestyle, stories, adventure, grit and attitude that we should be proud of. Many of the events will take place west of the city, including in Longview, Millarville and Turner Valley. But others are in the city and include From Canvas to Interiors at Shedpoint on 34th Avenue S.E., on June 10. Its an evening where art meets storytelling interiors by viewing the western art of Paul Van Ginkel in his new studio, and rooms designed by Paul Hardy showcasing the likes of Sam Livingston, Nellie McClung and Chief Red Crow.

David Parker appears regularly in the Herald. Read his columns online at calgaryherald.com/business. He can be reached at 403-830-4622 or by email at info@davidparker.ca.

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Evolution Glass marks 10 years of growth in Calgary - Calgary Herald