Jacinda Ardern Strikes a Softer Tone on China – The Diplomat

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Mondaysspeechby New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern to the China Business Summit in Auckland was full of soothing words for Beijing.

The headline-grabber was Arderns comment that a few plans are afoot for New Zealand ministers to return to China and that the prime minister herself hopes to return to the country to renew and refresh in-person connections.

This might come sooner than we think. While Chinas current elimination approach to COVID-19 heavily restricts in-person travel, New Zealands own experience shows how quickly these settings can change. After abandoning its own zero-COVID policy, New Zealand this week fully re-opens to all visitors.

Ardern expressing a willingness to travel to China even if it is not currently possible to so is a signal in itself.

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A recurring theme during Arderns speech and the subsequent Q&A was the importance of marking this years 50th anniversary of diplomatic ties between Beijing and Wellington.

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Calling New Zealands relationship with China one of our most important, Ardern pointed to the long history of engagement, and of beneficial interactions between our governments, our people, cultures and in commerce.

Indeed, throughout the speech, Ardern was mild with her criticism of China and optimistic about the health and future of the bilateral relationship.

This does not mean that the speech was entirely a one-way street Ardern said that New Zealand would continue to speak out on contentious issues such as economic coercion, human rights, Xinjiang and Hong Kong.

But none of this was new; Ardern has cited these same issues in similarspeechesbefore. And in the context of an address that was overwhelmingly positive toward China, the enumeration of the thorny issues on which Beijing and Wellington do not see eye-to-eye felt more like an obligatory recitation than a serious attempt at criticism.

In the speech itself, Ardern made only a single reference to Taiwan, on which she called New Zealands approach consistent a rather placative word she also deployed at several other times during the speech. But unsurprisingly, the Taiwan issue also topped the Q&A session afterwards, especially in relation to rumors of a potential visit there this week by U.S. House of Representatives Speaker Nancy Pelosi.

In response, Ardern noted that dialogue and diplomacy remain key. And she continued to deploy these and other China-friendly phrasings such as de-escalation to stave off the more sensitive sections of the interactive session. These very tactical d-words also made multiple appearances in the speech itself.

Taken as a whole, then, Arderns speech seemed to strike a softer and friendlier tone toward China than might be expected given the overall deterioration in bilateral relations between Wellington and Beijing this year.

Of all of New Zealands shifts toward the West this year and there have been many Beijing seemed most irked by the prime ministersparticipationat the NATO summit in Madrid in late June and by the hawkishjoint statementissued after Ardern met U.S. President Joe Biden in the White House at the end of May.

Both actions met withswiftandsharprebukes from China. While Beijing imposed no further penalty, there is no guarantee that New Zealand will keep escaping punishment if it continues down this bolder path.

Of course, Ardern is adept at tailoring her speeches to her audiences. Todays summit would have been a chance to express a more China-friendly position. After all, Wang Xiaolong, Chinas ambassador to New Zealand, was listening in the front of the audience and Ardern greeted him as she left the stage.

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Still, the prime ministers speech today continued an attempt at rhetorical recalibration that seemed to begin with her addresses in early July toChatham Housein London and theLowy Institutein Sydney.

In London, Ardern defended Chinas right to be involved in the Pacific and talked up the need for diplomacy and dialogue. In Sydney, she rejected the idea of a democracy vs autocracy contest in the aftermath of Russias war on Ukraine.

Arderns Lowy Institute speech also heavily emphasized the notion of New Zealand having an independent foreign policy the phrase or variations of it were deployed no fewer than seven times and her address to the China Business Summit today continued this theme.

Noting once again that New Zealand aimed to be consistent, Ardern said the country had for decades adopted a fiercely independent foreign policy driven by our assessment of our interests and values.

This will go down well with Beijing: Several recent official Chinese statements on the bilateral relationship have approvingly cited the phrase. The embassys account of a virtual meeting held between Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and his New Zealand counterpart Nanaia Mahuta in mid-June when tensions were particularly high citedBeijings respect for New Zealands independent foreign policy.

Chinas liking for the phrase is not without good reason. After all, the origins of the independent foreign policy lie in New Zealands rift with the United States in the 1980s over the Fourth Labor Governments nuclear-free policy.

Wellington may have largely patched up its relations with Washington since then, but New Zealand has never been fully reintegrated into the ANZUS defense alliance a situation that Beijing would no doubt like to see continue.

Thethemeof the China Business Summit this year is A Balancing Act. And certainly, the softer line on China today and in recent speeches could be driven by a realization on the part of Ardern that New Zealand had gone too far with its pro-Western foreign policy in the first half of the year.

The bigger international picture might also provide an opening for a less hardline and more nuanced approach to relations between East and West. In July, Wangsignaleda potential thaw in tensions between China and Australia, saying the Chinese side is willing to take the pulse, recalibrate, and set sail again. And Bidens virtualmeetingwith Xi Jinping last week was the first direct communication between the pair since March.

Of course, this more positive rhetoric needs to be set against the substance. And on that front, the picture looks rather bleak. After all, Xi used his phone call to tell Biden, Those who play with fire will perish by it a reference to the rumors that Pelosi will visit Taiwan this week.

Against this grim global backdrop, Arderns more generous approach toward China will be popular with Beijing. But time will tell whether it is anything more than just talk.

This article was originallypublished by the Democracy Project,which aims to enhance New Zealand democracy and public life by promoting critical thinking, analysis, debate, and engagement on politics and society.

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Jacinda Ardern Strikes a Softer Tone on China - The Diplomat