Federalist Party, early U.S. national political party that advocated a strong central government and held power from 1789 to 1801, during the rise of the countrys political party system. The term federalist was first used in 1787 to describe the supporters of the newly written Constitution, who emphasized the federal character of the proposed union. Between October 1787 and August 1788, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison wrote a series of 85 essays that appeared in various New York newspapers attributed to the pseudonym Publius. The Federalist papers (formally The Federalist), as the combined essays are called, were written to combat Anti-Federalism and to persuade the public of the necessity of the Constitution.The Federalist papers stressed the need for an adequate central government and argued that the republican form of government easily could be adapted to the large expanse of territory and widely divergent interests found in the United States. The essays were immediately recognized as the most powerful defense of the new Constitution.
Parties were generally deplored as inimical to republican government, and Pres. George Washington was able to exercise nonpartisan leadership during the first few years of the new government (begun in 1789). Strong division, however, developed over the fiscal program of the secretary of the treasury, Hamilton, whom Washington supported. Hamilton and other proponents of a strong central government formed the Federalist Party in 1791. Differences with the opposition were intensified by ideological attitudes toward the French Revolution, and by 1795 administration supporters had hardened into a regular party, which succeeded in elevating John Adams to the presidency in the 1796 election.
Over the decade of the 1790s, the Federalists stood for the following economic policies: funding of the old Revolutionary War debt and the assumption of state debts, passage of excise laws, creation of a central bank, maintenance of a tariff system, and favourable treatment of American shipping. In foreign affairs they observed neutrality in the war that broke out between France and Great Britain in 1793; approved the Jay Treaty of 1794, which terminated the difficulties with Britain; and sponsored strong defense and internal-security legislation in the crisis of 179899 (see Alien and Sedition Acts), when French demands almost forced open war. These policies were strongly resisted, especially in the South; the opposition, organized by Madison and Thomas Jefferson beginning in 1791, became the Republican Party (also known as the Jeffersonian Republicans), which later was renamed the Democratic-Republican Party. Eventually this organization became the modern Democratic Party. The name Republican was taken over in the 1850s by a new party that espoused Federalist economic ideas and that survives to the present day under that name.
The Federalists never held power again after 1801. Their failure is attributable to the Republicans political skill and to the Federalists own incapacity or unwillingness to organize politically, their internal divisions (especially between supporters of Adams and Hamilton), and their aversion to compromising principles for the sake of winning elections. Furthermore, New England Federalists adopted a divisive policy of sectionalism, moving dangerously near secession in 1808 and strenuously opposing the War of 1812 (see Hartford Convention). By 1817 the party was practically dead, though the opposing Republicans had adopted the Federalists principles of nationality and had accepted many of their economic ideas.
The accomplishments of the Federalists were great: the party organized the enduring administrative machinery of national government; fixed the practice of a liberal interpretation of the Constitution; established traditions of federal fiscal integrity and credit worthiness; and initiated the important doctrine of neutrality in foreign affairs, allowing the infant nation to develop in peace for more than a century.
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Federalist Party | Definition, History, Beliefs, & Facts
- Trump Fight On COVID Bill Shows Strength Of Conservative Populism - The Federalist [Last Updated On: December 26th, 2020] [Originally Added On: December 26th, 2020]
- Report: Infants Born Alive During Botched Abortions In Texas In 2019 - The Federalist [Last Updated On: December 26th, 2020] [Originally Added On: December 26th, 2020]
- 8 Of The Craziest Items In The $900 Billion COVID Blue-State Bailout Bill - The Federalist [Last Updated On: December 26th, 2020] [Originally Added On: December 26th, 2020]
- We Must Ban These Christmas Classics To Please The Wokesters - The Federalist [Last Updated On: December 26th, 2020] [Originally Added On: December 26th, 2020]
- Josh Hawley Was The Exact Sort Of Prick Youd Imagine Him To Be At Yale Law School - Above the Law [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- GOP Lawmakers Have A Point: Americans Need To Trust Elections - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- The Year Another Capitol Siege Almost Took Place on the Hill - Governing [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- I lost a law school election to Josh Hawley. I moved on then, and he should now on Trump. - USA TODAY [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Trump Calls For Peace As Riot Roils Capitol: 'You Have To Go Home Now' - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Devin Nunes Tells The Truth Until It Hurts - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Democrat Pastor Ends Congressional Prayer With 'Amen And A-Woman' - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Why Georgia's May Be The Most Important Election In Recent History - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Maxine Waters: Trump Is Creating A 'Civil War' And Must Be Prosecuted - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- The Tipping Point: What Drove People To Riot At The Capitol? - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Biden Calls Hawley And Cruz Nazis Who Are 'Part Of The Big Lie' - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- No Police Officers Will Be Charged In Kenosha Shooting Of Jacob Blake - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Somalias 2021 elections and the threats of federalism | Daily Sabah - Daily Sabah [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Watch Obama And Clinton Support Objection To The 2005 Certification - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Ridiculing Election Fraud Concerns Will Not Make Them Go Away - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Michael Flynn And Sidney Powell Are Permanently Banned From Twitter - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Why it's time for state IT to have a 'federalist moment' - StateScoop [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Left Won't Be Satisfied Until Conservatives Smear Trump Voters As Bigots - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Facebook Will Ban And Delete All Photos And Videos Of Capitol Riots - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- The Capitol Riot Will Hurt The People Who Were Already Hurting Most - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Listen To Rush Limbaugh On The Federalist's Capitol Hill Coverage - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Georgia Confirms The Pre-Trump GOP Is Dead And Gone - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Twitter Just Nuked The Account Of The World's Biggest Critic Of Big Tech And China - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Your Monthly Reminder That Nikki Haley Is A Social-Climbing Opportunist - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 9th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 9th, 2021]
- Dems With COVID Voted For Pelosi, Then Blamed GOP For Infections - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- Democrats Are Using The Recent Capitol Riot To Consolidate Power - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- Federalist Publisher: Big Tech Colluding to Destroy Conservative Speech - WBAP News/Talk [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- The election that foreshadowed 2020 - Newsday [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- Why Millennials Love To Hate Boomers And Whether It's Deserved - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- Facebook And Instagram Just Permabanned The US President - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- The 2020 Election Aftermath Is Not At All Unprecedented In US History - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- To Win In The Future, Republicans Need To Move On From Trump - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- The Biggest Gun Forum Just Kicked Off The Internet Without Explanation - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- Democrat Wants To Put Josh Hawley And Ted Cruz On The No-Fly List - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- Andrew Yang Can't Imagine The Reality New Yorkers Face - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- A Divisive Impeachment Will Only Make Trump A Martyr - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- 'Mandalorian' Star Gina Carano Takes Us Behind The Scenes, Explains Her Politics - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 13th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 13th, 2021]
- In Modern Storytelling, 'Mank' Is A Beautiful Blast From The Past - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- 8 Strategies For Exiting The Biden Years Stronger Than The Right Went In - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Why School Choice Isn't Enough To Really Improve American Education - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Disney And Marvel's 'WandaVision' Is As Fun As It Is Weird - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Unity has long been a theme, and anxiety, for new presidents - ABC News [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Attorney and Federalist Society member sounds alarm about 'progressive tide' in small towns - Yahoo News [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Hemingway: Leaders Should Be Wary Of Post-9/11 Style Crackdown - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Illinois Dem With #MeToo History Could Be The Next State House Speaker - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Russell Crowe Is Right, If You Think 'Master And Commander' Is Boring, You Need To Grow Up - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- March For Life Cancelled As Abortion Extremist Descends On White House - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Andrew Yang Used To Champion Ideas. Now He Is A Boring Democrat - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Twitter CEO Says Censorship Will Be 'Much Bigger' Than The Trump Ban - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Dems Say GOP Lawmakers Gave 'Reconnaissance' Capitol Tours. Where's The Evidence? - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- What Jefferson And Lincoln Say About National Unity In Dark Times - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- One Student's First-Person Account Of The Rally That Turned Into A Riot - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- MSNBC's Joy Reid Calls For 'De-Baathification' Of The GOP - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- A Second Trump Impeachment Ensures The GOP Will Never Be The Same - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Politico's Ben Shapiro Freakout Is An Illustration Of A Much Bigger Problem - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- The Nuclear Energy Tech Of The Past Four Years Will Blow Your Mind - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- How Big Government And Big Tech Conspire Against Voters - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Trump Set To Leave Office With A Higher Approval Rating Than Bush - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 19th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 19th, 2021]
- Of Course We Don't Need A 9/11-Style Commission On The Capitol Riots - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Chris Wallace: Biden's Speech Is 'Best Inaugural Address I've Ever Heard' - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Column: Political Ambitions Leave Nation Struggling to Move Forward - Southern Pines Pilot [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Why Are Vaccinated Members Of Congress Still Wearing Masks? - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Book excerpt: seditions and insurrections are inseparable from politics - Orange County Breeze [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Why Does Biden Have A Bust Of A Union Radical In The Oval Office? - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Rand Paul: I'm Not Going To Listen To Comey, He Should Be In Prison. - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Senate Can Convict Trump After He's Out. Would That Be Prudent? - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Biden, Harris Release Statement Celebrating Killing Babies In The Womb - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Why Calling China's Genocide What It Is Really Matters Federalist #3 - 2 hours ago - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- From The Tea Party To Trump: Reflections On The Eve Of Inauguration - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Amanda Gorman's Inauguration Poem Shows What The Left Truly Believes - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Biden Follows 'Unity' Speech With 48 Hours Of Divisive Social Policy - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- DC Elite Used National Guard As Props, Questioned Their Loyalty, Then Made Them Sleep In Parking Garage - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Reshaped By Trump, Our Institutions Will Hobble Into The Biden Era - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Things Are Beginning To Unravel On 'WandaVision' - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Day One, Biden Destroys Girls' Sports With Anti-Science Executive Order - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]
- Biden Plans To Put Big Tech In Charge Of Its Own Regulation - The Federalist [Last Updated On: January 25th, 2021] [Originally Added On: January 25th, 2021]