Azuma, R. T. A survey of augmented reality. Presence: Teleoperators Virtual Environ. 6, 355385 (1997).
Article Google Scholar
Xiong, J., Hsiang, E.-L., He, Z., Zhan, T. & Wu, S.-T. Augmented reality and virtual reality displays: emerging technologies and future perspectives. Light: Sci. Appl. 10, 216 (2021).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Chang, C., Bang, K., Wetzstein, G., Lee, B. & Gao, L. Toward the next-generation VR/AR optics: a review of holographic near-eye displays from a human-centric perspective. Optica 7, 15631578 (2020).
Article ADS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kooi, F. L. & Toet, A. Visual comfort of binocular and 3D displays. Displays 25, 99108 (2004).
Article Google Scholar
Shibata, T., Kim, J., Hoffman, D. M. & Banks, M. S. The zone of comfort: predicting visual discomfort with stereo displays. J. Vis. 11, 11 (2011).
Article PubMed Google Scholar
Cakmakci, O. & Rolland, J. Head-worn displays: a review. J. Disp. Technol. 2, 199216 (2006).
Article ADS Google Scholar
Kress, B. C. & Chatterjee, I. Waveguide combiners for mixed reality headsets: a nanophotonics design perspective. Nanophotonics 10, 4174 (2021).
Article Google Scholar
Gabor, D. A new microscopic principle. Nature 161, 777778 (1949).
Article ADS Google Scholar
Sutherland, I. E. The ultimate display. In Proc. of the IFIP Congress (ed. Kalenich, W. A.) 2, 506508 (Spartan, 1965).
Tay, S. et al. An updatable holographic three-dimensional display. Nature 451, 694698 (2008).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Blanche, P.-A. et al. Holographic three-dimensional telepresence using large-area photorefractive polymer. Nature 468, 8083 (2010).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Smalley, D. E., Smithwick, Q., Bove, V., Barabas, J. & Jolly, S. Anisotropic leaky-mode modulator for holographic video displays. Nature 498, 313317 (2013).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Maimone, A., Georgiou, A. & Kollin, J. S. Holographic near-eye displays for virtual and augmented reality. ACM Trans. Graph. 36, 85 (2017).
Article Google Scholar
Molesky, S. et al. Inverse design in nanophotonics. Nat. Photon.12, 659670 (2018).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
Li, Z., Pestourie, R., Lin, Z., Johnson, S. G. & Capasso, F. Empowering metasurfaces with inverse design: principles and applications. ACS Photonics 9, 21782192 (2022).
Article CAS Google Scholar
Jiang, J., Chen, M. & Fan, J. A. Deep neural networks for the evaluation and design of photonic devices. Nat. Rev. Mater. 6, 679700 (2021).
Article ADS Google Scholar
Genevet, P., Capasso, F., Aieta, F., Khorasaninejad, M. & Devlin, R. Recent advances in planar optics: from plasmonic to dielectric metasurfaces. Optica 4, 139152 (2017).
Article ADS CAS Google Scholar
Lee, G.-Y., Sung, J. & Lee, B. Metasurface optics for imaging applications. MRS Bull. 45, 202209 (2020).
Article ADS Google Scholar
Lin, D. et al. Optical metasurfaces for high angle steering at visible wavelengths. Sci. Rep.7, 2286 (2017).
Article ADS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Song, J.-H., van de Groep, J., Kim, S. J. & Brongersma, M. L. Non-local metasurfaces for spectrally decoupled wavefront manipulation and eye tracking. Nat. Nanotechnol. 16, 12241230 (2021).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Lawrence, M. et al. High quality factor phase gradient metasurfaces. Nat. Nanotechnol. 15, 956961 (2020).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Cordaro, A. et al. Solving integral equations in free space with inverse-designed ultrathin optical metagratings. Nat. Nanotechnol. 18, 365372 (2023).
Lee, G.-Y. et al. Metasurface eyepiece for augmented reality. Nat. Commun. 9, 4562 (2018).
Joo, W.-J. & Brongersma, M. L. Creating the ultimate virtual reality display. Science 377, 13761378 (2022).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. Holographic glasses for virtual reality. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2022 Conference Proc. (eds Nandigjav, M. et al.) 33 (ACM, 2022).
Peng, Y., Choi, S., Padmanaban, N. & Wetzstein, G. Neural holography with camera-in-the-loop training. ACM Trans. Graph. 39, 185 (2020).
Article CAS Google Scholar
Shi, L., Li, B., Kim, C., Kellnhofer, P. & Matusik, W. Towards real-time photorealistic 3D holography with deep neural networks. Nature 591, 234239 (2021).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Peng, Y., Choi, S., Kim, J. & Wetzstein, G. Speckle-free holography with partially coherent light sources and camera-in-the-loop calibration. Sci. Adv. 7, eabg5040 (2021).
Shi, L., Li, B. & Matusik, W. End-to-end learning of 3D phase-only holograms for holographic display. Light Sci. Appl. 11, 247 (2022).
Yeom, H.-J. et al. 3d holographic head mounted display using holographic optical elements with astigmatism aberration compensation. Opt, Express 23, 3202532034 (2015).
Article ADS PubMed Google Scholar
Jeong, J. et al. Holographically customized optical combiner for eye-box extended near-eye display. Opt. Express 27, 3800638018 (2019).
Article ADS PubMed Google Scholar
Yeom, J., Son, Y. & Choi, K. Crosstalk reduction in voxels for a see-through holographic waveguide by using integral imaging with compensated elemental images. Photonics 8, 217 (2021).
Choi, M.-H., Shin, K.-S., Jang, J., Han, W. & Park, J.-H. Waveguide-type Maxwellian near-eye display using a pin-mirror holographic optical element array. Opt. Lett. 47, 405408 (2022).
Article ADS PubMed Google Scholar
Chen, W. T. et al. A broadband achromatic metalens for focusing and imaging in the visible. Nat. Nanotechnol. 13, 220226 (2018).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Li, Z. et al. Meta-optics achieves RGB-achromatic focusing for virtual reality. Sci. Adv. 7, eabe4458 (2021).
Article ADS CAS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kim, C. & Lee, B. Torcwa: GPU-accelerated Fourier modal method and gradient-based optimization for metasurface design. Comput. Phys. Comm. 282, 108552 (2023).
Article CAS Google Scholar
Kingma, D. P. & Ba, J. Adam: A method for stochastic optimization. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Learning Representations (2015).
Park, J.-S. et al. All-glass, large metalens at visible wavelength using deep-ultraviolet projection lithography. Nano Lett. 19, 86738682 (2019).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Kim, J. et al. Scalable manufacturing of high-index atomic layerpolymer hybrid metasurfaces for metaphotonics in the visible. Nat. Mater. 22, 474481 (2023).
Article ADS CAS PubMed Google Scholar
Chakravarthula, P., Tseng, E., Srivastava, T., Fuchs, H. & Heide, F. Learned hardware-in-the-loop phase retrieval for holographic near-eye displays. ACM Trans. Graph. 39, 186 (2020).
Article Google Scholar
Choi, S., Gopakumar, M., Peng, Y., Kim, J. & Wetzstein, G. Neural 3D holography: learning accurate wave propagation models for 3D holographic virtual and augmented reality displays. ACM Trans. Graph. 40, 240 (2021).
Choi, S. et al. Time-multiplexed neural holography: a flexible framework for holographic near-eye displays with fast heavily-quantized spatial light modulators. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2022 Conference Proc. (eds Nandigjav, M. et al.) 32 (2022).
Jang, C., Bang, K., Chae, M., Lee, B. & Lanman, D. Waveguide holography for 3D augmented reality glasses. Nat. Commun. 15, 66 (2024).
Hwang, C.-S. et al. 21-2: Invited paper: 1m pixel pitch spatial light modulator panel for digital holography. Dig. Tech. Pap. SID Int. Symp. 51, 297300 (2020).
Article CAS Google Scholar
Park, J., Lee, K. & Park, Y. Ultrathin wide-angle large-area digital 3D holographic display using a non-periodic photon sieve. Nat. Commun. 10, 1304 (2019).
Article ADS PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar
Kuo, G., Waller, L., Ng, R. & Maimone, A. High resolution tendue expansion for holographic displays. ACM Trans. Graph. 39, 66 (2020).
Article Google Scholar
Jang, C., Bang, K., Li, G. & Lee, B. Holographic near-eye display with expanded eye-box. ACM Trans. Graph. 37, 195 (2018).
Article Google Scholar
Horisaki, R., Takagi, R. & Tanida, J. Deep-learning-generated holography. Appl. Optics 57, 38593863 (2018).
Article ADS Google Scholar
Kim, C., Zimmer, H., Pritch, Y., Sorkine-Hornung, A. & Gross, M. Scene reconstruction from high spatio-angular resolution light fields. ACM Trans. Graph. 32, 73 (2013).
Article Google Scholar
Ronneberger, O., Fischer, P. & Brox, T. U-net: convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation. In Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention MICCAI 2015 (eds Navab, N., Hornegger, J., Wells, W. & Frangi, A.) 234241 (Springer, 2015).
Ulyanov, D., Vedaldi, A. & Lempitsky, V. Improved texture networks: maximizing quality and diversity in feed-forward stylization and texture synthesis. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 69246932 (2017).
Excerpt from:
Full-colour 3D holographic augmented-reality displays with metasurface waveguides - Nature.com
- How Virtual Reality Works | HowStuffWorks [Last Updated On: June 16th, 2016] [Originally Added On: June 16th, 2016]
- NYT VR: Virtual Reality by The New York Times [Last Updated On: June 19th, 2016] [Originally Added On: June 19th, 2016]
- Virtual Reality - Virtual Reality [Last Updated On: June 21st, 2016] [Originally Added On: June 21st, 2016]
- Virtual Reality Toronto - VRTO - Virtual Reality, Toronto [Last Updated On: June 22nd, 2016] [Originally Added On: June 22nd, 2016]
- Virtual Reality Immersion - How Virtual Reality Works ... [Last Updated On: June 22nd, 2016] [Originally Added On: June 22nd, 2016]
- Virtual Reality (VR) Leading Technology Company | VIRTALIS [Last Updated On: June 22nd, 2016] [Originally Added On: June 22nd, 2016]
- What is virtual reality? Webopedia Definition [Last Updated On: June 27th, 2016] [Originally Added On: June 27th, 2016]
- What is virtual reality? - A simple introduction [Last Updated On: July 5th, 2016] [Originally Added On: July 5th, 2016]
- Immersion (virtual reality) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [Last Updated On: July 25th, 2016] [Originally Added On: July 25th, 2016]
- VRAC | Virtual Reality Applications Center [Last Updated On: July 25th, 2016] [Originally Added On: July 25th, 2016]
- What is Virtual Reality? - Virtual Reality - vrs.org.uk [Last Updated On: July 27th, 2016] [Originally Added On: July 27th, 2016]
- Virtual Reality | Technology | GeForce [Last Updated On: August 29th, 2016] [Originally Added On: August 29th, 2016]
- Virtual Reality - SI.com [Last Updated On: August 29th, 2016] [Originally Added On: August 29th, 2016]
- President Obama Makes Virtual-Reality Debut in Tour of ... [Last Updated On: August 29th, 2016] [Originally Added On: August 29th, 2016]
- 3 Beaten-Up Virtual-Reality Stocks: Are They Bargains? -- The ... [Last Updated On: August 29th, 2016] [Originally Added On: August 29th, 2016]
- VR, Virtual Reality | Virtalis [Last Updated On: August 29th, 2016] [Originally Added On: August 29th, 2016]
- VRTO Virtual & Augmented Reality World Conference + Expo [Last Updated On: September 8th, 2016] [Originally Added On: September 8th, 2016]
- LiquidVR | Immersive Virtual Reality Technology | AMD [Last Updated On: September 8th, 2016] [Originally Added On: September 8th, 2016]
- Virtual reality opens world of possibilities for seniors [Last Updated On: September 8th, 2016] [Originally Added On: September 8th, 2016]
- Virtual Reality Takes On the Videoconference - WSJ [Last Updated On: September 20th, 2016] [Originally Added On: September 20th, 2016]
- Virtual reality headset - Wikipedia [Last Updated On: November 8th, 2016] [Originally Added On: November 8th, 2016]
- Virtual Reality - Setting the Record Straight One Post at ... [Last Updated On: December 2nd, 2016] [Originally Added On: December 2nd, 2016]
- Virtual reality - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia [Last Updated On: December 16th, 2016] [Originally Added On: December 16th, 2016]
- Virtual reality, one year out: What went right, what didn ... [Last Updated On: December 27th, 2016] [Originally Added On: December 27th, 2016]
- NBA broadcasts games in virtual reality with NextVR ... [Last Updated On: December 27th, 2016] [Originally Added On: December 27th, 2016]
- What is virtual reality? - Definition from WhatIs.com [Last Updated On: January 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: January 10th, 2017]
- Tribemix Virtual Reality for Dementia Care - YouTube [Last Updated On: January 27th, 2017] [Originally Added On: January 27th, 2017]
- Virtual Reality Gets Real - theatlantic.com [Last Updated On: January 28th, 2017] [Originally Added On: January 28th, 2017]
- If you're hoping to watch all of the Super Bowl in VR, sorry - CNET [Last Updated On: February 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2017]
- Fifty Shades fans have a ball with virtual reality experience - The Drum [Last Updated On: February 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2017]
- Architect Zaha Hadid's Paintings Transformed Into Virtual Reality Art - PSFK (subscription) [Last Updated On: February 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2017]
- Adobe's Path To Entering The Virtual Reality Story - Forbes [Last Updated On: February 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2017]
- How Will Virtual Reality Change The Healthcare Industry? - Forbes [Last Updated On: February 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2017]
- Virtual Reality Has Arrived in the Art World. Now What? - New York Times [Last Updated On: February 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2017]
- How Virtual Reality Can Enhance Customer Engagement - Rocks Digital (blog) [Last Updated On: February 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 6th, 2017]
- Virtual Reality Experience College Swim Meet - SwimSwam [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- Explore The Amazon With This Stunning 360 Virtual Reality Video - IFLScience [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- Global Virtual Reality Market (Hardware and Software) and Forecast to 2020 - PR Newswire (press release) [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- Europe's virtual reality sector has grown to nearly 300 companies - VentureBeat [Last Updated On: February 7th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 7th, 2017]
- Only 8% of Brands Intend to Use Virtual Reality for Advertising - AdAge.com [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- Eric Church Offers Virtual Reality Concert Experience to Fans - The Boot [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- TrueHoop Presents: The Washington Wizards and virtual reality - ESPN [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- Virtual reality: prepare for the revolution - AndroidPIT [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- In the burgeoning world of virtual reality, storytelling is both cutting ... - Los Angeles Times [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- 8 Real Success Tips From Women Building The Future With Virtual Reality - Forbes [Last Updated On: February 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 9th, 2017]
- WATCH: YouTube Stars Create Amazing La La Land-Inspired Virtual-Reality Music Video - PEOPLE.com [Last Updated On: February 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2017]
- Virtual reality is the future of soccer broadcasting and it's already here - Yahoo Sports [Last Updated On: February 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2017]
- Virtual reality is boring compared to Beyonc's actual reality - A.V. Club (blog) [Last Updated On: February 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2017]
- Virtual Reality addiction threat prompts cautious approach as VR nears 'smartphone-like' take-off - ABC Online [Last Updated On: February 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2017]
- Google wants to use Chrome to suck you into virtual reality - CNET [Last Updated On: February 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2017]
- Ringling showcase offers glimpse of virtual reality in Sarasota - Sarasota Herald-Tribune [Last Updated On: February 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2017]
- The Future Of Virtual Reality: Mobile VR Platforms In A Battle - Forbes [Last Updated On: February 10th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 10th, 2017]
- Sarah Shahi to Star in NBC Virtual Reality Thriller 'Reverie' - Variety [Last Updated On: February 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2017]
- Valve is working on three new virtual reality games, 'not just experiments' - GeekWire [Last Updated On: February 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2017]
- Virtual Reality Could Be Your Next Prescription - DesignNews [Last Updated On: February 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2017]
- Top 6 Virtual Reality Apps for Your Smartphone - The Merkle [Last Updated On: February 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2017]
- DACC & Virgin Galactic team up to explore virtual reality - Las Cruces Sun-News [Last Updated On: February 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2017]
- Wichita-created virtual reality can re-create crime scenes - Wichita Eagle [Last Updated On: February 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2017]
- Boulder International Film Festival diving into virtual reality with 2017 slate - Boulder Daily Camera [Last Updated On: February 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 11th, 2017]
- Why this analyst is warning investors to steer clear of virtual reality in 2017 - L.A. Biz [Last Updated On: February 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 12th, 2017]
- 'JAEPO 2017' Shows That Japanese Arcade Gaming Is Beginning To Incorporate Virtual Reality - Forbes [Last Updated On: February 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 12th, 2017]
- UNC-School of The Arts: 'Pioneers in Virtual Reality' - WFMYNews2.com [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- Google Chrome Now Allows Users To Experience Virtual Reality Via WebVR - EconoTimes [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- Virtual Reality's New Horizons: Enterprise Apps and Gloves for Typing - NewsFactor Network [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- Chick-fil-A cows will dive into virtual reality in new ads - Atlanta Business Chronicle [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- See This Famous Masterpiece Recreated in Virtual Reality - UploadVR [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- Classy classes: 'The Idea of Virtual Reality' - The Stanford Daily [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- Tim Cook says AR has more potential than virtual reality - The INQUIRER [Last Updated On: February 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 13th, 2017]
- Virtual reality has a growing impact on college football - FOXSports.com [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- This company is opening a virtual reality multiplex this fall - Mashable [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- Virtual reality weather add-ons let you feel the sun and wind - New Scientist [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- Stanford researchers personalize virtual reality displays to match a user's eyesight - Stanford University News [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- Miyamoto Still Has Doubts About Virtual Reality - GameSpot [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- Virtual reality is still too isolating to be 'the next big thing' in tech - CBC.ca [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- Samsung Goes for a New Look in Virtual Reality at New York Fashion Week - Fortune [Last Updated On: February 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 14th, 2017]
- Pricey Virtual-Reality Headsets Slow to Catch On - Wall Street Journal [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- IMAX Unveils Flagship Virtual Reality Center in Los Angeles - Variety [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- Coach, IMG and Simon Malls Partner on Virtual Reality Experience - WWD [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- Using Virtual Reality To Get Inside An Ailing Person's World - Forbes [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]
- Nintendo's Shigeru Miyamoto Is Still Not Entirely Sure About Virtual Reality - Forbes [Last Updated On: February 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: February 15th, 2017]