How Exxon is using an unusual law to intimidate critics over its climate denial – The Guardian

ExxonMobil is attempting to use an unusual Texas law to target and intimidate its critics, claiming that lawsuits against the company over its long history of downplaying and denying the climate crisis violate the US constitutions guarantees of free speech.

The USs largest oil firm is asking the Texas supreme court to allow it to use the law, known as rule 202, to pursue legal action against more than a dozen California municipal officials. Exxon claims that in filing lawsuits against the company over its role in the climate crisis, the officials are orchestrating a conspiracy against the firms first amendment rights.

The oil giant also makes the curious claim that legal action in the California courts is an infringement of the sovereignty of Texas, where the company is headquartered.

Eight California cities and counties have accused Exxon and other oil firms of breaking state laws by misrepresenting and burying evidence, including from its own scientists, of the threat posed by rising temperatures. The municipalities are seeking billions of dollars in compensation for damage caused by wildfires, flooding and other extreme weather events, and to meet the cost of building new infrastructure to prepare for the consequences of rising global temperatures.

Rule 202 in effect allows corporations to go on a fishing expedition for incriminating evidence. They are able to question individuals under oath and demand access to documents even before any legal action is filed against them.

Exxon wants to use the provision to force the California officials to travel to Texas to be questioned by the firms lawyers about what the company describes as lawfare the misuse of the legal system for political ends.

Exxon claims in a petition to the Texas supreme court that it is entitled to question the officials in order to collect evidence of potential violations of ExxonMobils rights in Texas to exercise its first amendment privileges to say what it likes about climate science.

The potential defendants lawfare is aimed at chilling the speech of not just ExxonMobil, but of other prominent members of the Texas energy sector on issues of public debate, in this case, climate change, the company claims in its petition.

The oil giants critics say Exxons attempt to use claims of free speech to curtail the first amendment rights of others follows a pattern of harassment toward those who challenge the companys claims about the climate crisis.

Patrick Parenteau, a law professor and former director of the Environmental Law Center at Vermont law school, has described the companys move as intimidation intended to make it cost a lot and be painful to take on Exxon whether or not the company wins its case.

In a highly unusual move, Texass governor, Greg Abbott, has written to the all-Republican court half of whose members he appointed in support of Exxon. He accused the California litigants of attempting to suppress the speech of eighteen Texas-based energy companies on the subject of climate and energy policies.

When out-of-state officials try to project their power across our border, as respondents have done by broadly targeting the speech of an industry crucial to Texas, they cannot use personal jurisdiction to scamper out of our courts and retreat across state lines, Abbott wrote.

In backing its claim, Exxons petition to the Texas supreme court gives the example of the Oakland city attorney, Barbara Parker, who in 2017 issued a press release seeking to stifle the speech of the Texas energy sector or, as she likes to refer to it, BIG OIL.

The press release said: It is past time to debate or question the reality of global warming Just like BIG TOBACCO, BIG OIL knew the truth long ago and peddled misinformation to con their customers and the American public.

The company also names the then San Francisco city attorney, Dennis Herrera, because he accused fossil fuel companies of launching a disinformation campaign to deny and discredit the reality of global heating, and pledged to hold the companies responsible to account.

Exxon has, in addition, targeted an environmental lawyer in Boston, Matthew Pawa, who represents some of the California municipalities. The firm describes him as an outspoken advocate of misusing government power to limit free speech and alleges that Pawa recruited the California cities and counties to sue Exxon.

Those lawsuits are an affront to the first amendment, the company claims.

Naomi Oreskes, a Harvard professor and co-author of Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming, said Exxon had a long history of attempting to bully its critics into silence.

Now that the arguments have moved into the legal sphere, this feels to me like an extension of the sort of harassment, bullying and intimidation that weve seen in the scientific sphere for the last two decades, she said.

Oreskes said that the legal strategy is also part of a broader public relations campaign to paint the company as a victim of radical environmentalists and opportunistic politicians when Exxon argues that it should be heralded for its efforts to combat the climate crisis.

Exxon Mobil has for a long time now tried to make themselves out to be the victim, as if somehow theyre the innocent party here, she said.

The Texas supreme court is considering the case after a lower court backed Exxons attempts to use rule 202 against the California officials. The ruling was later overturned on appeal.

The appeal court sympathised with Exxon by acknowledging an impulse to safeguard an industry that is vital to Texass economic well-being and saying that lawfare is an ugly tool by which to seek the environmental policy changes pursued by California municipalities. But the appeal court said the defendants did not have sufficient direct connection to Texas for the case to be heard in the state.

Exxon has tried to head off climate litigation before with lawsuits claiming that the attorney generals of Massachusetts and New York were violating the companys rights by investigating it. Those moves were blocked by the Massachusetts supreme court and by a federal court.

If the Texas supreme court allows its rule 202 bid to proceed, Exxon might expect a more sympathetic hearing for its claims in a state court system that has shown deference to big oil.

Exxon is facing a barrage of other lawsuits across the US. A number accuse the company and other fossil fuel firms of breaching consumer protection laws by propagating misinformation about climate science.

Oreskes said Exxon went further than most other oil companies in seeking to hide the evidence of its own scientists collected about global heating and in running a disinformation campaign.

Theyre pushing their freedom of speech as an issue because more than any other company, its been proven by people like me and others that they have a track record of promoting half truths, misrepresentations and in some cases outright lies in the public sphere, she said.

This is so well documented that unless they can come up with some strategy to defend it, theyre in potentially pretty serious trouble.

This story is published as part of Covering Climate Now, a global collaboration of news outlets strengthening coverage of the climate story

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How Exxon is using an unusual law to intimidate critics over its climate denial - The Guardian