circa 1931: German-born physicist Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955) standing beside a blackboard with ... [+] chalk-marked mathematical calculations written across it. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)
40 years ago, Nobel Prize-winner Richard Feynman argued that nature isn't classical, dammit, and if you want to make a simulation of nature, you'd better make it quantum mechanical. This was later perceived as a rallying cry for developing a quantum computer, leading to todays rapid progress in the search for quantum supremacy. Heres a very short history of the evolution of quantum computing.
1905Albert Einstein explains the photoelectric effectshining light on certain materials can function to release electrons from the materialand suggests that light itself consists of individual quantum particles or photons.
1924The term quantum mechanics is first used in a paper by Max Born
1925Werner Heisenberg, Max Born, and Pascual Jordan formulate matrix mechanics, the first conceptually autonomous and logically consistent formulation of quantum mechanics
1925 to 1927Niels Bohr and Werner Heisenberg develop the Copenhagen interpretation, one of the earliest interpretations of quantum mechanics which remains one of the most commonly taught
1930Paul Dirac publishes The Principles of Quantum Mechanics, a textbook that has become a standard reference book that is still used today
1935Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen publish a paper highlighting the counterintuitive nature of quantum superpositions and arguing that the description of physical reality provided by quantum mechanics is incomplete
1935Erwin Schrdinger, discussing quantum superposition with Albert Einstein and critiquing the Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, develops a thought experiment in which a cat (forever known as Schrdingers cat) is simultaneously dead and alive; Schrdinger also coins the term quantum entanglement
1947Albert Einstein refers for the first time to quantum entanglement as spooky action at a distance in a letter to Max Born
1976Roman Stanisaw Ingarden of the Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toru, Poland, publishes one of the first attempts at creating a quantum information theory
1980Paul Benioff of the Argonne National Laboratory publishes a paper describing a quantum mechanical model of a Turing machine or a classical computer, the first to demonstrate the possibility of quantum computing
1981In a keynote speech titled Simulating Physics with Computers, Richard Feynman of the California Institute of Technology argues that a quantum computer had the potential to simulate physical phenomena that a classical computer could not simulate
1985David Deutsch of the University of Oxford formulates a description for a quantum Turing machine
1992The DeutschJozsa algorithm is one of the first examples of a quantum algorithm that is exponentially faster than any possible deterministic classical algorithm
1993The first paper describing the idea of quantum teleportation is published
1994Peter Shor of Bell Laboratories develops a quantum algorithm for factoring integers that has the potential to decrypt RSA-encrypted communications, a widely-used method for securing data transmissions
1994The National Institute of Standards and Technology organizes the first US government-sponsored conference on quantum computing
1996Lov Grover of Bell Laboratories invents the quantum database search algorithm
1998First demonstration of quantum error correction; first proof that a certain subclass of quantum computations can be efficiently emulated with classical computers
1999Yasunobu Nakamura of the University of Tokyo and Jaw-Shen Tsai of Tokyo University of Science demonstrate that a superconducting circuit can be used as a qubit
2002The first version of the Quantum Computation Roadmap, a living document involving key quantum computing researchers, is published
2004First five-photon entanglement demonstrated by Jian-Wei Pan's group at the University of Science and Technology in China
2011The first commercially available quantum computer is offered by D-Wave Systems
2012 1QB Information Technologies (1QBit), the first dedicated quantum computing software company, is founded
2014Physicists at the Kavli Institute of Nanoscience at the Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands, teleport information between two quantum bits separated by about 10 feet with zero percent error rate
2017 Chinese researchers report the first quantum teleportation of independent single-photon qubits from a ground observatory to a low Earth orbit satellite with a distance of up to 1400 km
2018The National Quantum Initiative Act is signed into law by President Donald Trump, establishing the goals and priorities for a 10-year plan to accelerate the development of quantum information science and technology applications in the United States
2019Google claims to have reached quantum supremacy by performing a series of operations in 200 seconds that would take a supercomputer about 10,000 years to complete; IBM responds by suggesting it could take 2.5 days instead of 10,000 years, highlighting techniques a supercomputer may use to maximize computing speed
The race for quantum supremacy is on, to being able to demonstrate a practical quantum device that can solve a problem that no classical computer can solve in any feasible amount of time. Speedand sustainabilityhas always been the measure of the jump to the next stage of computing.
In 1944, Richard Feynman, then a junior staff member at Los Alamos, organized a contest between human computers and the Los Alamos IBM facility, with both performing a calculation for the plutonium bomb. For two days, the human computers kept up with the machines. But on the third day, recalled an observer, the punched-card machine operation began to move decisively ahead, as the people performing the hand computing could not sustain their initial fast pace, while the machines did not tire and continued at their steady pace (seeWhen Computers Were Human, by David Alan Greer).
Nobel Prize winning physicist Richard Feynman stands in front of a blackboard strewn with notation ... [+] in his lab in Los Angeles, Californina. (Photo by Kevin Fleming/Corbis via Getty Images)
Visit link:
27 Milestones In The History Of Quantum Computing - Forbes
- Time Crystals Could be the Key to the First Quantum Computer - TrendinTech [Last Updated On: May 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 3rd, 2017]
- The Quantum Computer Revolution Is Closer Than You May Think - National Review [Last Updated On: May 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 3rd, 2017]
- Chinese scientists build world's first quantum computing machine - India Today [Last Updated On: May 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 3rd, 2017]
- Quantum Computing | D-Wave Systems [Last Updated On: May 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 3rd, 2017]
- Quantum computing utilizes 3D crystals - Johns Hopkins News-Letter [Last Updated On: May 4th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 4th, 2017]
- Quantum Computing and What All Good IT Managers Should Know - TrendinTech [Last Updated On: May 4th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 4th, 2017]
- World's First Quantum Computer Made By China 24000 Times Faster Than International Counterparts - Fossbytes [Last Updated On: May 4th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 4th, 2017]
- China adds a quantum computer to high-performance computing arsenal - PCWorld [Last Updated On: May 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 6th, 2017]
- Quantum computing: A simple introduction - Explain that Stuff [Last Updated On: May 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 6th, 2017]
- What is Quantum Computing? Webopedia Definition [Last Updated On: May 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 6th, 2017]
- Quantum Computing Market Forecast 2017-2022 | Market ... [Last Updated On: May 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 6th, 2017]
- China hits milestone in developing quantum computer - South China Morning Post [Last Updated On: May 8th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 8th, 2017]
- China builds five qubit quantum computer sampling and will scale to 20 qubits by end of this year and could any beat ... - Next Big Future [Last Updated On: May 8th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 8th, 2017]
- Five Ways Quantum Computing Will Change the Way We Think ... - PR Newswire (press release) [Last Updated On: May 8th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 8th, 2017]
- Quantum Computing Demands a Whole New Kind of Programmer - Singularity Hub [Last Updated On: May 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 9th, 2017]
- New materials bring quantum computing closer to reality - Phys.org - Phys.Org [Last Updated On: May 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 9th, 2017]
- Researchers Invent Nanoscale 'Refrigerator' for Quantum ... - Sci-News.com [Last Updated On: May 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 11th, 2017]
- China's New Type of Quantum Computing Device, Built Inside a Diamond - TrendinTech [Last Updated On: May 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 11th, 2017]
- Molecular magnets closer to application in quantum computing - Next Big Future [Last Updated On: May 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 11th, 2017]
- New Materials Could Make Quantum Computers More Practical - Tom's Hardware [Last Updated On: May 11th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 11th, 2017]
- Home News Computer Europe Takes Quantum Computing to the Next Level With this Billion Euro... - TrendinTech [Last Updated On: May 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 13th, 2017]
- Researchers seek to advance quantum computing - The Stanford Daily [Last Updated On: May 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 13th, 2017]
- quantum computing - WIRED UK [Last Updated On: May 13th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 13th, 2017]
- Scientists Invent Nanoscale Refrigerator For Quantum Computers - Wall Street Pit [Last Updated On: May 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 14th, 2017]
- D-Wave Closes $50M Facility to Fund Next Generation of Quantum Computers - Marketwired (press release) [Last Updated On: May 17th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 17th, 2017]
- Quantum Computers Sound Great, But Who's Going to Program Them? - TrendinTech [Last Updated On: May 17th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 17th, 2017]
- Quantum Computing Could Use Graphene To Create Stable Qubits - International Business Times [Last Updated On: May 18th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 18th, 2017]
- Bigger is better: Quantum volume expresses computer's limit - Ars Technica [Last Updated On: May 18th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 18th, 2017]
- IBM's Newest Quantum Computing Processors Have Triple the Qubits of Their Last - Futurism [Last Updated On: May 18th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 18th, 2017]
- It's time to decide how quantum computing will help your business - Techworld Australia [Last Updated On: May 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 20th, 2017]
- IBM makes a leap in quantum computing power - PCWorld [Last Updated On: May 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 20th, 2017]
- IBM scientists demonstrate ballistic nanowire connections, a potential future key component for quantum computing - Phys.Org [Last Updated On: May 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 20th, 2017]
- The route to high-speed quantum computing is paved with error - Ars Technica UK [Last Updated On: May 20th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 20th, 2017]
- IBM makes leap in quantum computing power - ITworld [Last Updated On: May 22nd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 22nd, 2017]
- Researchers push forward quantum computing research - The ... - Economic Times [Last Updated On: May 22nd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 22nd, 2017]
- Quantum Computing Research Given a Boost by Stanford Team - News18 [Last Updated On: May 22nd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 22nd, 2017]
- US playing catch-up in quantum computing - The Register-Guard [Last Updated On: May 22nd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 22nd, 2017]
- Stanford researchers push forward quantum computing research ... - The Indian Express [Last Updated On: May 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 23rd, 2017]
- NASA Scientist Eleanor Rieffel to give a talk on quantum computing - Chapman University: Happenings (blog) [Last Updated On: May 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 23rd, 2017]
- Graphene Just Brought Us One Step Closer to Practical Quantum Computers - Futurism [Last Updated On: May 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 23rd, 2017]
- IBM Q Offers Quantum Computing as a Service - The Merkle [Last Updated On: May 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 23rd, 2017]
- How quantum computing increases cybersecurity risks | Network ... - Network World [Last Updated On: May 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 23rd, 2017]
- Quantum Computing Is Going Commercial With the Potential ... [Last Updated On: May 23rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 23rd, 2017]
- Is the US falling behind in the race for quantum computing? - AroundtheO [Last Updated On: May 26th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 26th, 2017]
- Quantum computing, election pledges and a thief who made science history - Nature.com [Last Updated On: May 26th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 26th, 2017]
- Top 5: Things to know about quantum computers - TechRepublic [Last Updated On: May 26th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 26th, 2017]
- Google Plans to Demonstrate the Supremacy of Quantum ... - IEEE Spectrum [Last Updated On: May 26th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 26th, 2017]
- Quantum Computing Is Real, and D-Wave Just Open ... - WIRED [Last Updated On: May 26th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 26th, 2017]
- IBM to Sell Use of Its New 17-Qubit Quantum Computer over the Cloud - All About Circuits [Last Updated On: May 28th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 28th, 2017]
- Doped Diamonds Push Practical Quantum Computing Closer to Reality - Motherboard [Last Updated On: May 28th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 28th, 2017]
- For more advanced computing, technology needs to make a ... - CIO Dive [Last Updated On: May 30th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 30th, 2017]
- Microsoft, Purdue Extend Quantum Computing Partnership To Create More Stable Qubits - Tom's Hardware [Last Updated On: May 30th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 30th, 2017]
- AI and Quantum Computers Are Our Best Weapons Against Cyber Criminals - Futurism [Last Updated On: May 30th, 2017] [Originally Added On: May 30th, 2017]
- Toward mass-producible quantum computers | MIT News - MIT News [Last Updated On: June 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2017]
- Purdue, Microsoft Partner On Quantum Computing Research | WBAA - WBAA [Last Updated On: June 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2017]
- Tektronix AWG Pulls Test into Era of Quantum Computing - Electronic Design [Last Updated On: June 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2017]
- Telstra just wants a quantum computer to offer as-a-service - ZDNet [Last Updated On: June 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2017]
- D-Wave partners with U of T to move quantum computing along - Financial Post [Last Updated On: June 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2017]
- MIT Just Unveiled A Technique to Mass Produce Quantum Computers - Futurism [Last Updated On: June 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2017]
- Here's how we can achieve mass-produced quantum computers ... - ScienceAlert [Last Updated On: June 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2017]
- Research collaborative pursues advanced quantum computing - Phys.Org [Last Updated On: June 1st, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 1st, 2017]
- Team develops first blockchain that can't be hacked by quantum computer - Siliconrepublic.com [Last Updated On: June 3rd, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 3rd, 2017]
- Quantum computers to drive customer insights, says CBA CIO - CIO - CIO Australia [Last Updated On: June 6th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 6th, 2017]
- FinDEVr London: Preparing for the Dark Side of Quantum Computing - GlobeNewswire (press release) [Last Updated On: June 8th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 8th, 2017]
- Scientists May Have Found a Way to Combat Quantum Computer Blockchain Hacking - Futurism [Last Updated On: June 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 9th, 2017]
- Purdue, Microsoft to Collaborate on Quantum Computer - Photonics.com [Last Updated On: June 9th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 9th, 2017]
- From the Abacus to Supercomputers to Quantum Computers - Duke Today [Last Updated On: June 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 12th, 2017]
- Microsoft and Purdue work on scalable topological quantum computer - Next Big Future [Last Updated On: June 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 12th, 2017]
- Are Enterprises Ready to Take a Quantum Leap? - IT Business Edge [Last Updated On: June 12th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 12th, 2017]
- A Hybrid of Quantum Computing and Machine Learning Is Spawning New Ventures - IEEE Spectrum [Last Updated On: June 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 14th, 2017]
- The Machine of Tomorrow Today: Quantum Computing on the Verge - Bloomberg [Last Updated On: June 14th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 14th, 2017]
- KPN CISO details Quantum computing attack dangers - Mobile World Live [Last Updated On: June 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 15th, 2017]
- Accenture, Biogen, 1QBit Launch Quantum Computing App to ... - HIT Consultant [Last Updated On: June 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 15th, 2017]
- Angry Birds, qubits and big ideas: Quantum computing is tantalisingly close - The Australian Financial Review [Last Updated On: June 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 15th, 2017]
- Consortium Applies Quantum Computing to Drug Discovery for Neurological Diseases - Drug Discovery & Development [Last Updated On: June 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 15th, 2017]
- Accenture, 1QBit partner for drug discovery through quantum computing - ZDNet [Last Updated On: June 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 15th, 2017]
- How to get ahead in quantum machine learning AND attract Goldman Sachs - eFinancialCareers [Last Updated On: June 15th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 15th, 2017]
- Quantum computing, the machines of tomorrow - The Japan Times [Last Updated On: June 16th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 16th, 2017]
- Toward optical quantum computing - MIT News [Last Updated On: June 17th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 17th, 2017]
- Its time to decide how quantum computing will help your ... [Last Updated On: June 18th, 2017] [Originally Added On: June 18th, 2017]