Daily Archives: May 25, 2024

NYC deserves a more serious energy transition

Brooklyn: When people think of offshore wind, they usually think of the ocean. But the industry has the potential to drive economic growth everywhere especially in New York City.

Until last month, we were on track to see significant economic benefits from two of the three offshore wind projects that were provisionally awarded state contracts in October. One was going to connect to the electric grid in Queens, the other in Brooklyn.

Unfortunately, none of the projects that received provisional awards in October were able to finalize their contracts, after a major supplier chosen by the state Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) fell through on its commitments. NYSERDA is preparing for a new solicitation, but the draft version the agency released does not fix the problems that caused this failure. Even worse, it limits the number of projects that could connect in New York City to only one.

This cap would not only deprive either Queens or Brooklyn of the jobs and community investments we were promised, it would also limit the amount of clean energy coming into New York City. At a time when New Yorkers are suffering from some of theworst asthma rates in the countrybecause of our citys reliance on fossil fuels, we should be doing everything we can to bring clean energy to the city, not restricting its growth.

New York City deserves the jobs and clean energy we were promised. As NYSERDA continues working to meet the states climate and clean energy targets, the agency needs to ensure it is setting new projects up for success, and give every project a fair opportunity to be built, regardless of where it will connect to the grid. Randy Peers, president and CEO, Brooklyn Chamber of Commerce

Manhattan: Re Randy Mastro deserves a fair vote (editorial, May 23): Nah. Why do white men get to fall up? This horses behind helped screw a quarter-million city workers! He gets another job to help screw folks? Really? Joe Garrett

Glendale: So, P. Diddy, or whatever his name is, showed exactly what he is. The video of him beating his girlfriend (or whatever their relationship was) showed us exactly what he is (there are several names that could be used, however, I want to keep this clean). I only wish that Diddy had tried his stunt on someone his own size. However, we know that people like him wouldnt dare do so since they would lose control. What a shame that the statute of limitations has run out on this crime. He may have a lot of money; unfortunately, he doesnt have class. In fact, his money bought the silence he desired. A real man would never hit a woman.Thomas Murawski

Brooklyn: Donald Trump, Rudy Giuliani, Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas are all men of privilege who live by a different set of rules than the rest of us. Trump, indicted by four different grand juries in four jurisdictions for a total of 91 counts; Rudy, ex-mayor, ex-U.S. attorney indicted by two different grand juries in two states; Alito and Thomas are whats wrong with our judicial system Alitos upside down flag hanging outside his house; Thomass $260,000 RV loan he doesnt pay, his mother living in a house rent-free in a home Thomas sold to a rich Republican donor, among other things. When will these guys pay for their crimes? You or I would be locked up for less. They are all living the high life. Harvey Kaplan

Peters Township, Pa.: If the phrase flip-flop appears in the dictionary, it should be accompanied by a picture of failed Republican presidential candidate nominee Nikki Haley. Toward the end of her ill-fated campaign to secure the nomination this year, she went on the attack against opponent Donald Trump, accurately reinforcing the many reasons he must not be returned to the White House. Haley often cited that chaos follows him. That is putting it mildly. Many fair-minded individuals praised Haley for her honesty and courage in taking on and sharply criticizing a behemoth. Now we find that it was all an act. That brief period of decency and patriotism has evaporated as Haley pledges to vote for him. Haley has sold out, choosing politics over principle. She will not be seen in the annals of history as a national leader who can stand tall. Oren Spiegler

Brooklyn: Despite the comic relief, the polls are not a laughing matter. They still favor Trump in almost all swing states. The economy is the main issue and a true paradox if there ever was one. It is also an incredible disconnect with record growth, low unemployment, rising wages, even inflation starting to come down. Yet, most Americans feel the economy is terrible and that Trump can do a better job with it. Unbelievably, with all of Trumps baggage his criminality, anti-democracy tendencies and wrong-headed policies he is leading in the polls in the states that matter as he sits in a courtroom day after day. Nothing seems to matter except consumer prices for everyday goods and services. Just how amoral are Americans these days with so much at stake as never before? Irwin Cantos

Tarrytown, N.Y.: To Voicer Steve Chaddock: Aside from Trumps disastrous policies, you mention he attended the funeral of Detective Jonathan Diller, which served him as a political opportunity that one could see on its face was a photo op. I ask you one question: Did he attend the funerals of the five Capitol Police officers who his rally cry for insurrection caused? I think not. So, I guess according to you, Im a fool for choosing the better man, President Biden. Adam Reich

Pasadena, Calif.: Character is destiny. A mans temperament, knowledge, and integrity inevitably shape his conduct. David French. Trumps lack of character chased off his best advisers. Gen. Jim Mattis is long gone. He resigned after Trumps first attempt to destroy the American alliance with Syrian Kurds by allowing Turkey to attack our allies. White House Counsel Don McGahn is long gone. He arguably saved Trumps presidency by refusing to fire Special Counsel Robert Mueller. John Kelly is gone because he could no longer tolerate Trumps outrageous ignorance. H.R. McMaster is gone you figure out why, knowing that Time magazine lauded McMaster in 2014 as possibly the 21st Century Armys pre-eminent warrior-thinker. The list goes on and on! Richard A. French

East Northport, L.I.: When Mark McGuire supposedly broke Roger Maris single-season record of 61 home runs, he didnt really break it. McGuire came out and said he was using performance-enhancing drugs. Then Barry Bonds breaks McGuires record of 70 home runs, hitting almost 80. You just dont do that when youre almost 40. You should be slowing down at that age, unless youre getting help from PEDs. Alfred Wooley

Bronx: I pick up the Daily News every day and read it with my morning coffee. Unfortunately, all I see are crimes being committed by individuals they categorize as being due to mental illnesses. I understand that mental illness is a big problem in this country, but can it be that every crime is due to that? I really dont think so. I believe the people who commit these crimes know that if they use the mental illness card, they will get away with it. Fran Boffa

Carpinteria, Calif.: And even if the Jews were to win the war the victorious Jews would live surrounded by an entirely hostile Arab population, secluded inside ever-threatened borders, absorbed with physical self-defense And all this would be the fate of a nation that no matter how many immigrants it could still absorb and how far it extended its boundaries would still remain a very small people greatly outnumbered by hostile neighbors. This warning came from the Jewish political scientist Hannah Arendt, who understood the perils of establishing a state against the will of local inhabitants and the surrounding nations. Secular and religious Jewish thinkers alike had feared that David Ben Gurions version of Zionism would endanger both physical and spiritual survival of the Jews. Lets remember, even centuries before the fall of Jerusalem to the Roman Empire (A.D. 70), 3.5 million Jews lived in diaspora while only half a million resided in Palestine. Matt McLaughlin

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Readers sound off on offshore wind projects, Diddy's assault and Hannah Arendt - New York Daily News

Sonatrach hasawarded a $2.3bn (AD309.26bn) engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contract to a consortium for gas-boosting work on a key field in Algeria.

The consortium, which comprises Baker Hughes and Tecnimont, will work on the Hassi RMel gas field.

Located 550km south of Algiers, Hassi RMel is said to be crucial to Algerias energy system and serves as a vital energy source for Europe.

The scope of the project includes the construction of three new gas boosting stations including turbo compressors and the upgrade of more than 300km of existing gas-gathering flowlines.

Approximately 188 million standard cubic metres of natural gas will be compressed per day by the turbo compressors.

Project completion is expected within 39 months from the effective date of the contract.

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Baker Hughes is tasked with supplying 20 compression trains that utilise Frame 5 gas turbine and BCL compressor technology.

These will be distributed across the three stations. The packaging, manufacturing and testing of these compressor trains will be conducted at the companys facilities in Italy.

The new boosting stations and upgraded gathering system are designed to maintain gas pressure throughout the pipeline network.

This is aimed at ensuring efficient gas flow and providing a steady and uninterrupted natural gas supply to Italy and the wider European market.

Apart from theEPC contract, Sonatrach has also signed an agreement with US energy major ExxonMobil to assess the potential for developing hydrocarbon resources in Algerias Ahnet and Gourara basins.

Last week, Sonatrach and Italys Eni signed a memorandum of understanding to initiate research and exploitation work in the Zemoul El Kbar, Rourde El Louh Sif Fatima and Rhourde Messaoud Nord areas.

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Sonatrach awards $2.3bn contract for gas-boosting work in Algeria - Offshore Technology

Equinor, along with its partners, has decided to make a Nkr12bn ($1.13bn) investment in the North Sea Troll gas field to further increase production.

The investment will be used to further develop the field infrastructure to ensure that high gas export levels from the Troll and Kollsnes value chain are maintained up to 2030.

As per the plan, the second stage of the Troll Phase 3 project will involve the drilling of eight new wells from two new templates, with subsea controls extended from existing templates.

The first wells from this initiative are expected to commence production by the end of 2026.

Additionally, a new gas flowline will be laid as a tie-back to the Troll A platform, which will also undergo modification work.

The infrastructure enhancement is expected to fast-track production equivalent to approximately 55 billion standard cubic metres of gas.

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At the peak of its performance, the annual output from the new development is projected to be around seven billion cubic metres of gas.

The initial stage of gas production from the Troll West gas province, which commenced in 2021, included eight wells, a new pipeline to the Troll A platform and a new inlet module, extending plateau production by five to seven years.

The upcoming stage two is expected to further prolong plateau production by around four years and mitigate the production decline over the subsequent ten to 12 years.

Recent upgrades at the Kollsnes processing plant have led to an increase in the plateau production of Troll gas, Equinor said.

The maximum production capacity, previously at 121 million standard cubic metres per day, has now risen to 129 million standard cubic metres per day.

The new wells are set to contribute approximately 20 million standard cubic metres of gas per day.

Once processed at Kollsnes, the gas is transported via the Zeepipe pipelines to various receiving terminals across Europe.

Equinor executive vice-president of projects, drilling & procurement Geir Tungesvik said: This is a highly profitable project that will secure high gas production from the Troll field. The partnerships decision is important in order for us to fully utilise the capacity of existing infrastructure.

Equinor, as the operator, holds a 30.58% stake in the field, with partners Petoro at 56%, Shell at 8.10%, TotalEnergies EP Norge at 3.69% and ConocoPhillips Skandinavia at 1.62%.

Earlier in the week, Equinor reported a new oil discovery at the Svalin field in the Norwegian North Sea.

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Equinor to invest $1.1bn in Troll gas field to boost production - Offshore Technology

Following a pause due to poor weather and vessel maintenance, offshore cable operations have resumed at the Greenlinkinterconnector that will link Ireland and Wales.

Cable burial and trenching activities are ongoing along the interconnector route by the 127-meter-long DP2 offshore support vessel Grand Canyon III, following the offshore cable installation with the cable lay vessel (CLV) Connector.

In parallel with the final cable burial activities, subsea rock installation operation activities will take place between May 26 and July 15, subject to weather and operational constraints.

The work will be carried out along the planned interconnector route between the landfall location near Freshwater West, Pembroke, Wales, and the landfall location near Baginbun Beach, Co. Wexford, Ireland, by subsea rock installation vessel Simon Stevin.

Cable burial or trenching activities, performed by Helix Robotics Solution on behalf ofJan De Nul, were paused in January due to poor weather and a requirement for maintenance and upgrades on the Grand Canyon III.

System testing for the Greenlink interconnector is set to begin in the summer of 2024 and commissioning is expected by the end of the year.

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Offshore cable ops resume at Ireland-Wales interconnector after a break - Offshore Energy

Equinor ASA has unlocked a discovery in the Svalin field on the Norwegian side of the North Sea, the Norwegian Offshore Directorate said Thursday.

Well 25/11-H-1 H yielded between 0 and 0.1 million standard cubic meters [3.5 million cubic feet]of recoverable oil equivalent, which is the equivalent of between 0 and 0.6 million barrels, the directorate said in a press release. The well was drilled by Odfjell Drilling Ltds Deepsea Aberdeen rig.

The development well showed thin sandstone layers with very good reservoir quality in the Balder Formation, which is part of the Rogaland Group. The oil in the Balder Formation is presumed to be in pressure communication with surrounding reservoir sands in the Heimdal Formation on the Svalin C structure, the directorate said. The oil/water contact was not encountered.

The licensees will consider whether the discovery is sufficiently profitable for production, the director said.

Svalin, which contains the discovery, is a producing field with two structures: Svalin C and Svalin M. Svalin C is tied back to the Grane installation, which also serves the Grane and Breidablikk fields, through a subsea template while Svalin M uses a multi-branch well drilled from Grane.

Svalin, in the central part of the North Sea, was proven 1992 and put onstream March 2014.

The field, operated by Norways majority state-owned Equinor with a 57 percent stake, produced 49,000 cubic meters (1.7 million cubic feet) of oil equivalent last year, according to government website Norskpetroleum.no. The other partners are Petoro AS with a 30 percent interest and Var Energi ASA with 13 percent.

Earlier this year Equinor confirmed oil and gas in the Heisenberg discovery in the North Sea through wells 35/10-11 S and A. Preliminary data indicated that the size of the discovery was 3.8 million to 8.9 million cubic meters (134.2 million to 314.3 million cubic feet of oil equivalent), according to a press release by the Norwegian Offshore Directorate March 21.

In the same drilling campaign, Equinor also proved oil in the Hummer prospect. Hummer and Heisenberg are under production license 827 SB.

Preliminary calculations placed the size of Hummer at 100,000 to 600,000 million cubic meters (3.5 million to 21.2 million cubic feet), the directorate said at the time.

The primary exploration target for well 35/10-11 S was to delineate the Heisenberg discovery made in 35/10-9 in the lower Hordaland Group in the Eocene, the directorate said. The secondary exploration target was the Hummer prospect in the Balder Formation in the upper Palaeocene to lower Eocene.

Since 35/10-11 S encountered the primary target in the water zone, the 35/10-11 A sidetrack was drilled with the primary target of encountering Heisenberg upflank in the oil zone.

Well 35/10-11 S encountered a 10-meter (32.8 feet) sandstone reservoir of good quality in the Hordaland Group.

In the secondary exploration target in the Balder Formation, the well encountered a 3-meter [9.8 feet]oil column in sandstone totaling 23 meters [75.5 feet] with poor to moderate reservoir quality, the directorate added.

Meanwhile well 35/10-11 A encountered a 12-meter (39.4 feet) sandstone reservoir with moderate to good quality in the Hordaland Group according to the directorate.

To contact the author, email jov.onsat@rigzone.com

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Equinor Makes Discovery in Svalin Field Offshore Norway - Rigzone News

Cyan Renewables, a portfolio company of Seraya Partners, and Ocean Infinity have teamed up to provide geophysical and geotechnical services for offshore wind projects in the Asia-Pacific region.

The companies have formalized their partnership through the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), underscoring their shared commitment to work together on delivering geophysical and geotechnical surveys, as well as remotely operated vehicle (ROV) inspections and consultancy services.

Both companies aim to provide comprehensive marine information services for offshore renewable projects in the Asia-Pacific region.

With Cyan Renewables local networks across Asia, Ocean Infinitys technology-enabled lean-crewed marine data services can be widely adopted to accelerate the expansion of the offshore wind industry in the region, according to the partners.

Teaming up with Cyan Renewables means we can turbocharge our efforts in the Asia-Pacific region, bringing our cutting-edge marine tech to the forefront of offshore wind projects. Its all about pushing boundaries by bringing in new tech and leaving a lasting impact with better results for end clients, said Maxime Even, Commercial Director of Ocean Infinity.

We are thrilled to be partnering with Ocean Infinity in Asia Pacific. Remote technology will transform operations at sea and play a key role in the shipping industrys path towards net zero. Through this partnership, we hope to continue contributing to the development of offshore wind as well as zero-emission shipping in the region, said Lee Keng Lin, CEO of Cyan Renewables.

When it comes to Cyan Renewables, the Singapore-based company recently inked an MoU with Seoul-headquartered Hyundai Asset Management to facilitate the strategic investment in South Koreas offshore wind supply chain.

In terms of other news coming from Ocean Infinity, the company was awarded a contract by RWE and Masdar this month for 3D ultra high-resolution seismic (UHRS) geophysical surveys at the Dogger Bank South (DBS) West offshore wind farm in the UK.

In mid-May, Ocean Infinitys lean-crewed vessel, Armada 7804, docked in Singapore and is set to commence its commercial projects in the area soon. It will serve as a base for conducting geophysical and shallow geotechnical surveys for the offshore renewable energy and oil and gas sectors.

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Cyan, Ocean Infinity partner for APAC offshore wind projects - Offshore Energy

Otto Van Bismarck had said, Lord has special providence for drunkards, fools, and the United States of America.

And this is a prescient notion as the USA managed to strive and prosper through the 20th decade in a profound way all on its own. Regardless of getting involved in tragedies, wars, and issues that were not even its own, it had both the Lord and luck on its side. From the point of establishing its own navy to safeguard its territorial waters in 1775 to projecting influence in the world through the Marshall Plan post World War 2 and then achieving and sustaining the worlds sole superpower status after the Soviet disintegration, the United States indeed came a long way. Its policy changed along the way from Isolationism to primacy and interventionism to the plausibility of offshore balancing in contemporary times. This paper is intended to analyze both policies in terms of concept and virtue in the context of the USA.

For the proponents of Isolationism, the USA is so secure that it does not need to fear the balance of power in other parts of the world; thus shall not get involved in affairs of western hemisphere or Europe militarily, except diplomatic and economic engagements (Mearsheimer, The Future of Americas Continental Commitment 1998). The strategy of Primacy finds extracts from Global Hegemony which explains that a superpower has incentive to dominate the international system, so USA will take action and avail opportunities to build its primacy. The approach is all about Rebalancing and Re-orientation. It advocates military dominance, economic interdependence and nuclear non-proliferation. Primacy as a grand strategy is for the USA to remain leader of the world militarily, politically and economically.

The second grand strategy is Counter-Hegemony which indicates that USA lacks the power projection capabilities required for global hegemony. It just has had precedent of keeping any other power from becoming the potential hegemon as USA is in western hemisphere. The concept of off-shore balancing is supported by Counter-Hegemony. Because offshore balancing suggests putting burden on the shoulders of allies and local powers to contain threats first. If they seem unable to contain it, then the USA shall meddle in at last. The pros are that sufficient energy of the local powers would have already shaped the situation and USA will have to exhaust less in the process. To be precise, its role would be just to enter and finish off the dirty business. Hence, it is more like passing the buck. Its working plan is quite simple and exquisite.

Not only it would compel other states to manage their own weight, it would also reduce the stress on the USAs resources that are wasted abroad and there will be more life security to Americans who otherwise get harmed fighting battles of others(Mearsheimer and Walt, The case for Offshore Balancing : A superior U.S. Grand Strategy 2016).

STRUGGLE FOR PRIMACY : THE COLD WAR TIMES

From its birth to the Monroe Doctrine, USA preferred a policy of Isolationism, a simple Do not meddle in our affairs, we wont meddle in yours type of stance. It participated the least in Europe, other than supplying arms and political support to the fighting powers.

Well-protected by two oceans, the Atlantic and the Pacific, USAs fears related to its own security remained minimum till World War 2; Primarily because USA was the only state economically and politically capable to manage the disaster as the war did not impact it directly. It was the Destroyers for the Base Agreement USA had with British who desperately wanted to stay in war in 1940, so they exchanged their bases and super-power status for it with USA (Marshall 2016).

Moreover, the USA had an excellent navy that navigated waters, deterring enemies from attack. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor that shocked Americans and actively alarmed them about hitting the bouncing ball flying towards them with all their might. And so, they did, by attacking Hiroshima and Nagasaki with atomic bombs. This still did not fill the hole they felt in their security blanket, and the USA started to feel the importance of taking an active role before any such incident could happen again.

To establish their Primacy in the world, USA took several actions like anticipating the formulation of United Nations, initiating the Marshall Plan, establishing NATO, intervening in the state affairs of Europe and Middle East, entering bloc politics against Soviet Union. The Marshall Plan was one of the most genius efforts made to enhance influence in Europe as not only it bought the loyalty of European states which became part of the plan, it also bolstered USAs trade and position in world politics. But this anticipation did come with a price and that was the onset of the Cold war, that had already started due to post World War 2 power imbalances and Soviets struggle for Primacy in the world. The invention of the atomic bomb by the USA and then power assumptions made Stalin a lot concerned about arise of the potential hegemon that USA was going to be. On the other hand, the USA saw Soviet Unions plans of extending influence and communism alarming and after the X article, adopted the policy of containment. The Cold war times saw volatility and tension between both super-powers and there was constant threat of actual war to break out as the power imbalance was nerve-wracking. The Cuban Missile Crisis and the Arms Race are examples as both indicate the circumstances where neither of the powers was lenient to hold back. The USA was exceptionally keen on regulating world affairs to keep Soviet influence from spreading in the region. It played active roles in the Korean War and Vietnam War by sending its own troops to fight the wars. However, mass casualties in both wars led to public condemnation of the USAs policy of interference and there was a surge in sentiments of bringing the soldiers back to home. It was then, that the USA started training and equipping the soldiers of Vietnam to fight their own war and this phenomenon was termed as Vietnamization (Hughes 2024). The policy was oriented to bring the US combat troops back and reduce the USAs military involvement in the wars. It was propagated by Richard Nixon, one of the influential USA presidents.

It is a fact that the USA remained overly committed to its allies in the Middle East, Western Europe, Southeast Asia (Phillippines), Northeast Asia (South Korea and Japan), and the Indian Ocean. Just in Western Europe, it maintained a military force of 326,000, and cutting the domestic budget to put additional sums in the military budget became a norm during Ronald Reagens administration as the USA adopted the Rapid Deployment Force as an additional element in sustaining the military promises all around the world (Nuechterlein 1985). The USA was quite concerned about the key regions of the Persian Gulf and Indian Ocean during the Cold War times and did not want the Soviets to penetrate the regions. It was widely debated whether the Persian Gulf was worth deploying huge military personnel and spending a significant budget to sustain its presence, but Carter believed that since the Persian Gulf was the route for the oil trade, any revolution emergence in the power actors could harm Americas national interests.

However, when the Cold War ended with the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the fears of Soviet power expansion in the Persian Gulf, Arms race, Nuclear threat, and supremacy status were reduced as the world shifted to uni-polarity. Other than the configuration of the new world order in international relations, the perplexion of whether the USA should adopt a policy of isolation or primacy arose, because there was no potential hegemon in sight and well, the reason for which the USA had opted for interventionism: to contain Soviet Union, had vanished.

PRIMACY OR OFFSHORE BALANCING WHATS THE WAY TO GO

The USA was dragged into the First World War, and it joined it out of reluctance, particularly to check Wilhelmine Germany. It entered the second world war out of a threat to its national security posed by Japan and Nazi Germany. And after that, it remained in Europe out of a dire need to contain Soviet expansionist tendencies. It must be noted that the USA displayed little interest in forwarding its cause of continental primacy or hegemony in Europe as throughout the times, there remained prevalent sentiments of bringing the soldiers home. Dean Acheson, so as to get the Senates approval on NATOs treaty of 1949, had to declare that the USA had no intention of sending large forces to Europe on short or permanent basis (Mearsheimer, The Future of Americas Continental Commitment 1998). It might be the case that Soviet too, wanted significant presence of American troops in Europe, or Germany to be precise to contain the beast.

The world did not remain unipolar for long after the disintegration of the Soviet Union. Rather, it started transitioning to more of a multipolar order with China earning immense economic power and slowly creeping in all the key regions USA desired to keep it to itself, while Russia, Germany, France, and Iran attracted attention, but not as credible multi-poles but still holding their mass. The USA can not entirely opt for the policy of offshore balancing because of the relative policy of other powers. China has expansionist tendencies. China progressed economically and diplomatically by reinitiating the Old Silk Route and bolstering OBOR countries with economic support, thus yielding their loyalty, a trick the USA itself practiced post WW2 times and it yielded remarkable results. It also stepped up to claim its share of the Arctic as a Near Arctic State, a policy published in 2018 (The State Council Information Office of the Peoples Republic of China 2018). In the South China Sea, it started building artificial islands to claim more seawaterpp access and with the declaration of Beijing Air Identification Zone, it gave a clear indication of expansion. In the Middle East, Iran became a headache with its nuclear program and potential to become an aggressive nuclear power. In South Asia, the USA was exhausted by the war in Afghanistan and retreated after the Fall of Kabul with huge burden on its own shoulders. The Axis of Resistance that comprises Lebanons Hezbollah, Yemeni Houthis, and Iraqs Islamic Resistance Guards too, started triggering the temperament of the USA.

In such circumstances, whether the USA shall retreat back to its fortress or keep intervening in the European, Middle Eastern, and North African affairs is a debate that can be outlined on the basis of What USA will get out of it?, What is at stake and what is the cost of Primacy. Well, for the starters, the security of own national interest has always remained a core value in USAs foreign policy formulation. But whether it is war or peace in the world, that is the strategic interest of the USA, that has never been clear. The USA is a major seller of arms, and its industry runs on selling these weapons to contested, conflicted states. And for that selling to happen, the demand for the weapons shall remain always high, a condition that can be fulfilled in entirety by war.

USA has stationed its military forces all around the world. It has fleets and access to naval bases around all the important choke points and it acts as a self-proclaimed policeman of the world affairs. Whatever passes through the strategic choke points, USA keeps an eye on them. If it solely goes with offshore balancing, it would affect its political influence. Though United states would not face any threat to its national security because it has enough layers of technological and military protection, but its core themes of its national strategy that include promotion of own values and interests would be harmed. Nonetheless, it will require time to establish itself in economics, technology and research, so as to sustain its status in the upcoming future again.

Because, It has spent so much of its energies on sustaining its military presence that it has ignored its relative power is drcreasing as compared to the other actors. The problem is, now that it has settled in the power configurations in world, if it does not keep up with power enhancement, it will be ruled out of such establishments and a power vaccume will be created. And in international relattions, power vaccumes do not stay vacant for long. They are eventually filled by some other credible power. So has been the case here apparently. With its long history of involvement in the world affairs, USA can not entirely vacate its position because not all the regional actors have the capability or desire to assume the responsibility of managing their own security. Neither all the actors take mature decisions regarding foreign policy nor any other state in the time being, can solely take the burden of regulating the international affairs. (Thayer 2006)

Take Middle East for example, where Israel is in duel with Hamas and it has also tensed relations with Iran. There are fair chances of low intensity military confrontation between Iran and Israel after Israel attacked a representative of Islamic Revolutionary Guard force in Iran violating Irans territorial space integrity and Iran in response, attacked Israel with drones and missiles which were slow-paced to avoid escalation but still a gesture to indicate that Israels intervention is abhorrent (Bachega 2024). The USA clearly indicated that it will not participate in the Israeli response in order to prevent escalation and that is rational indeed.

The USA followed the policy of primacy at first in the Middle East that involved ensuring the free flow of oil, guaranteeing the security of Israel, and limiting other actors from arising such as Iran. This compelled USA to do military interventions that cost the USA a fortune and anti-America sentiments raised wherever these interventions were made. Now USA can not step out of the region relying all on local allies and Israel, cant be left unchecked to act as the protector of the USAs interests in the region because it has violent tendencies and feuds with almost all the Arab states; especially now that it has taken up the genocide of the Palestinians, the anti-Israel sentiments in the Muslim community have fueled up. In such circumstances, USA shall follow a combination of primacy and off-shore balancing. Taking elements from both policies, USA shall respect the sovereignty and integrity of the regional actors, avoid the destabilizing military interventions and keep the local power in check by maintaining diplomatic ties, trade relations and political presence in the region.

In the Asia where China has been marking its political influence with diplomatic and economic initiatives, USA too shall engage the states in trade relations because majority of the Asian states are still developing while rest are under-developed and to them, economic prosperity is top priority rather than military.

It is a fact that the USAs relative power has been declining as China and other actors are rising. Since the USA is too occupied to keep up with the continental and global commitments, it has not been making the astonishing progress it should, provided its power status in the world. Investing energies in the Middle East costed USA the surge of Chinese influence in the Asia-Pacific. And China is not the only actor assuming enhanced power status; India in South Asia, EU in Europe, Iran in Middle East, North Korea in Southeast Asia and Russia are also on the rise, diluting USAs influence with their assertive tendencies. The military and technological advantage that once USA enjoyed is being challenged by the rise of globalization, interdependence and and economic ties that weigh more in national interest of the under-developed and developing countries who in turn, enter in alliance with regional actors, shaping the power status of core countries.

If the USA adopts a combination of Primacy and Off-shore Balancing with mandatory condition that it will avoid military involvement by all means, a lot of financial burden on budget and political burden on USAs shoulders would be elevated. This will give USA enough space to reshape its behaviors, reorient its position and rebalance the situation. The sums saved from defence and military expenditure could be reinvested in addressing the domestic challenges like debt reduction, improvement in education, research and technology advancement. In the contemporary times, the USA can not isolate itself into a fortress, rather it shall embrace the multilateralism, penetrate the international institutions leveraging its soft power and sharing the burden of police work with them. Even If it must engage in global tug of war, it shall adopt the policy of the selective engagement. It has to realize that to contain Chinas growing economic influence, it must step up its own economic game. And that can only happen if it review its position on global chess board and redefines its foreign policy.

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Primacy or Offshore Balancing: A Conceptual Analysis of U.S.Foreign Policy - Modern Diplomacy

Image Credits: DEME Group/Twitter

Dominion Energy has declared the first monopile foundation at 2.6-GW Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind, installed about 29 miles off the Virginia Beach coast.

The Orion installed the monopile, a heavy lift vessel belonging to the DEME Group.

The Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind is the most significant offshore wind farm under construction in the US.

Once completed, the $9.8 billion CVOW will comprise 176 turbines.

The firm maintains the project is continuing on schedule and is anticipated to be completed toward the end of 2026.

The monopile foundations staged at the Portsmouth Marine Terminal are unique single-vertical steel cylinders manufactured by EEW SPC.

They will be installed on the sea bed to assist the wind turbine generators.

In accordance with the construction timeline, Dominion Energy will continue installing monopiles throughout the fall of 2024 and restart the installations in May 2025.

They are proud to collaborate with Dominion Energy on such a landmark deal, expressed Bill White, the president of DEME Offshore US.

DEMEs Orion, empowered with next-gen Vibro Hammer tech, is designed to install CVOWs monopiles, which weigh more than 1,000 tons.

The project team will comprise skilled US union pile drivers, creating a well-prepared workforce.

He added that the team looks forward to working with the consortium partner Prysmian to help deliver Virginia-made energy to the Commonwealth.

This is an important day for the entire team of Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind, which has worked endlessly to keep the project on budget and schedule and offer customers dependable, affordable, and increasingly clean energy, explained Robert M. Blue, Dominion Energys CEO, chair, and president.

They are also taking extensive precautions to ensure that the project is environmentally protective and safeguards marine species.

A federal judge will also decide if Dominion Energy obtained the federal approval for the deal.

In March, multiple groups filed a lawsuit that alleged Dominion had not obtained the approvals regarding the effects on the endangered North Atlantic right whale.

Experts suggest that there is no proof that limited wind farm construction on the Atlantic coast has resulted in whale deaths.

To safeguard the endangered North Atlantic right whale, Dominion states that no monopiles will be installed between November 1 and April 30, when the whales will likely be migrating past the project zone.

Additional measures to safeguard whales and other aquatic life include using bubble curtains, which are perforated hoses with air pumped through them, to build a wall of bubbles around the monopiles amid the installation, reducing the underwater soundwaves.

The Protected Species Observers will staff vessels.

These will also adhere to speed restrictions to avoid collisions with the protected species.

In February, Dominion Energy declared that it reached a deal to sell a 50% non-controlling interest in the Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind to an investment major, Stonepeak, via the formation of an offshore wind collaboration in which Dominion Energy is going to retain total operational control of the construction as well as the operations of CVOW.

Reference: RenewableEnergyWorld

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Marine Insight News Network is a premier source for up-to-date, comprehensive, and insightful coverage of the maritime industry. Dedicated to offering the latest news, trends, and analyses in shipping, marine technology, regulations, and global maritime affairs, Marine Insight News Network prides itself on delivering accurate, engaging, and relevant information.

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First Of The 176 Monopile Foundations Fitted At Dominion's Virginia Offshore Wind Farm - Marine Insight

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California congressman urges closer consultation with tribes on offshore wind - Jackson Hole News&Guide