Monthly Archives: May 2023

Fijis 1987 coup: Why did Prime Minister Rabuka apologise to the Indo-Fijian community? – The Indian Express

Posted: May 18, 2023 at 1:58 am

Fijis Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka Sunday apologised for his role in orchestrating the 1987 coup that overthrew the democratically elected government of then Prime Minister Timoci Bavadra, the first Indo-Fijian to lead the country.

I make this confession on my own behalf and on behalf of all those who took part with me in the military coup on the 14th of May, 1987. We confess our wrongdoings, and we confess that we have hurt so many of our people in Fiji, particularly those of the Indo-Fijian community of the time and among them sons, daughters, grandsons and granddaughters of those who were indentured as labourers from India between 1879 and 1916, Rabuka said in the countrys capital, Suva.

Rabuka, who was then an army lieutenant colonel, entered Fijis parliament, arrested Prime Minister Bavadra, and suspended the constitution. The takeover, the first of several military coups in Fiji, was driven by indigenous Fijians fear of losing political control to Indo-Fijians, who dominated the countrys economy.

Rabukas action had far-reaching and long-term consequences for Fiji, and altered its relationship with the rest of the world, especially India.

The May 1987 coup

On the morning of May 14, 1987, Rabuka, who was accompanied by 10 masked soldiers, stormed the parliament building, herded Bavadra and 27 members of the ruling coalition into a waiting truck, and drove them to an unknown destination.

At a news conference subsequently, Rabuka announced the suspension of the constitution and said he would form a caretaker government until fresh elections are held to restore civilian rule and go back to democracy, The Indian Express reported at the time.

Meanwhile, the countrys Governor General Ratu Sir Penaia Ganilau declared a national emergency and announced he was taking charge of the government under the provisions of Fijis British-made Constitution. Fiji was a member of the British Commonwealth (the country has been in and out of the British Commonwealth over the years. It was most recently reinstated as a member in 2014) at the time, Queen Elizabeth II was the head of state, and Penaia Ganilau was officially her representative.

The coup took place a little over a month after an alliance of the National Federation Party and Labour Party won elections that led to the formation of a cabinet dominated by ethnic Indians for the first time since Fijis independence from Britain in 1970.

A day after his takeover, Lt Col Rabuka announced he was drafting a new constitution that would guarantee Fiji would never again have an Indian-dominated government (No Power for Indians: Rabuka, The Indian Express, May 16, 1987). He denied discriminating against Indians, and claimed that he was only looking after the Fijians interest.

On May 19, anti-Indian riots broke out in the country. [A] crowd of ethnic Fijians ran through the streets of Suva in an hour-long rampage, attacking Indians and Indian-owned shops despite Rabukas appeals for calm, The Indian Express reported on May 20. At least 50 Indians were reported injured in the violence that was provoked by a rally that Indians took out in support of the ousted Prime Minister.

Rabukas second coup

Widespread racial violence followed the military takeover, wrote academic Dr Amba Pande in an article published in Strategic Analysis, a monthly journal of Columbia University (Race and Power Struggle in Fiji). Pande wrote that an attempt by the governor-general to form an advisory council with both Bavadra and Rabuka failed after the ousted Prime Minister refused to participate on the grounds that the composition of the council was unconstitutional and biased.

Following weeks of negotiations, in July 1987, plans to reform the constitution were approved, and it was decided that Bavadra and Kamisese Mara a former Prime Minister popular with indigenous Fijians would form an interim government.

In response, Rabuka orchestrated a second coup on September 25 of that year. He declared Fiji a republic, and proclaimed himself head of the state, replacing the Queen. Countries around the world condemned these actions and refused to recognise his regime, and India imposed trade sanctions on Fiji.

Under pressure, Rabuka resigned as head of state on December 6, 1987, and Penaia Ganilau became the first President of the Fijian republic. A new constitution was promulgated in 1990, and elections were held two years later.

Background of crisis

The election victory of the Indo-Fijians was only a trigger for Rabukas coup. Since independence, the South Pacific Ocean archipelago had been seeing a widening political divide between ethnic Indians and indigenous Fijians.

Indians were brought to Fiji from 1879 onward as girmitiyas or indentured labour transported to work in sugar plantations. The majority of these Indians stay back after the indenture system ended and, over time, gained prosperity. The Indian community eventually became the backbone of Fijis economic system, and they had, by the 1940s, outnumbered ethnic Fijians in the islands population.

Another reason for the Fijians resentment was the nature of landholdings. Indigenous Fijians owned more than 83% of the land on the islands, but Indian tenant farmers held most of it on 99-year leases, according to Pandes article. Despite the fact that the land was legally made inalienable by the constitution of 1970, the fear of losing it had always been there in the minds of the Fijians, Pande wrote.

All these insecurities came to a boil after the general elections of 1987, and a section of indigenous Fijians sought to thwart Indo-Fijians from getting political power. Rabukas two coups triggered a massive wave of emigration according to a report published by The Guardian in 2000, around 70,000 Indians fled the country to escape the oppression.

Mondays apology by Rabuka who was elected Prime Minister in 1992 and then again last year was not his first for the 1987 coups. He had apologised publicly on the 21st anniversary of the takeover in 2008. It was a mistake and I admit I was wrongStaging a coup is something no one should be proud of because you dont become a hero, so all the copycats should not think they will be heroes, he said on that occasion, according to a Reuters report.

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Fijis 1987 coup: Why did Prime Minister Rabuka apologise to the Indo-Fijian community? - The Indian Express

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Tory MP uses controversial term connected to antisemitic conspiracies – The Jerusalem Post

Posted: at 1:58 am

In a startling address at a Conservative conference held in Westminster on Monday, a Tory MP drew criticism for invoking a term linked to an antisemitic conspiracy theory, according to The National.

Miriam Cates, representing the constituency of Peniston and Stocksbridge, made alarming claims about the perils of "cultural Marxism," linking it to the alleged destruction of children's well-being, including self-harm, suicide and an alarming rise in anxiety levels.

"Cultural Marxism" is a far-right conspiracy theory that arose in the past century, which accuses left-wing and liberal people of revolutionizing society for the worse with their views. This theory purports that Marxist scholars devised a clandestine agenda of progressive politics aimed at undermining Western democracies. Over time, the theory gained antisemitic tones as many who believe in it believe it to be a Jewish plot.

The Board of Deputies of British Jews expressed condemnation towards Home Secretary Suella Braverman in 2019 for her use of the term "cultural Marxism." The organization, representing the British Jewish community, denounced her remarks due to the term's association with antisemitic conspiracy theories.

Moreover, the term has previously surfaced in the self-proclaimed manifesto of Anders Breivik, a far-right terrorist from Norway. Breivik killed 77 people in Norway's worst peacetime atrocity in July 2011. He killed eight with a car bomb in Oslo and then gunned down 69, most of them teenagers, at a Labour Party youth camp.

Cates, delivering one of the opening speeches at the National Conservatism Conference, emphasized that a sense of optimism and prospects for the future play a vital role in motivating young people to start families.

"That hope is sadly diminishing in so many of our young people today because liberal individualism has proven to be completely powerless to resist the cultural Marxism that is systematically destroying our children's souls," she said.

"When culture, schools and universities openly teach that our country is racist, our heroes are villians, humanity is killing the Earth, you are what your desire, diversity is theology, boundaries are tyranny and self-restraint is oppression, is it any wonder that mental health conditions, self-harm and suicide, and epidemic levels of anxiety and confusion characterize the emerging generation?

"We must end the indoctrination of our children with destructive and narcissistic ideologies, instead protecting childhood, training children in the timeless virtues and teaching them how to love our country," she added.

Lord John Mann, the Government's antisemitism czar, raised concerns about Cates's utilization of the term "cultural Marxism," stating that it originates from a conspiracy theory with antisemitic underpinnings, according to The Telegraph.

However, Yoram Hazony, the conference chairman and Orthodox Jewish theologian, argued that the term accurately characterizes the cultural agenda endorsed by numerous left-leaning individuals today. Hazony emphasized that he unequivocally rejects any association with antisemitism and does not provide a platform for such individuals.

According to Cates, liberal ideology is facing an imminent decline due to a lack of pride in national history among children, resulting in decreased motivation to carry it forward.

Additionally, she asserted that the declining fertility rate in the UK poses a greater threat to Western society than both Vladimir Putin's Russia and the escalating global temperatures.

"None of our philosophical musings or policy proposals will amount to anything long-lasting unless we address the one overarching threat to British conservatism and the whole of Western society," she said.

"No, it's not climate change, it's not Russia or China or Iran. It's not the neo-Marxist ideology that has so weakened our institutions. No, there is one critical outcome that liberal individualism has failed to deliver and that is babies."

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Declaration on the Migrant Crisis: Socialists From the U.S., Mexico … – Left Voice

Posted: at 1:58 am

The crises of capitalist economies in several countries throughout the world has deepened social inequalities and the plight of millions of migrants that are desperately fleeing a life of misery. This is especially the reality in Latin America, where governments collude against the most vulnerable sectors of our class and our peoples: from governments that implement economic plans that target the working class to those that push to pass anti-immigrant policies, in line with those being passed in the U.S. This situation creates the kinds of tragedies like the most recent migrant crisis which will only become worse as a result of the policies announced by the Biden administration. Instead, this historic crisis demands an internationalist response from below based on the unity of the working class across our borders. It is with this perspective that we put forward the following declaration.

Entire families are begging for access to the United States at Mexicos northern border in front of undaunted guards carrying long guns at the edge of the Rio Grande. They are thirsty, hungry, exhausted men, women and children, often passing from Ecuador, through the Darien Gap and northward through Central America. They are those who survived the dangerous journey through Mexico, leaving behind their lives, including documents and their few belongings, from the Caribbean islands, from Central America, from Venezuela and Ecuador in South America and from Mexico.

The past few weeks have been crucial in determining the immigration status of thousands of people displaced by violence, the effects of environmental devastation, and poverty. On Thursday, May 11, Title 42, which was approved by the Trump administration during the pandemic and continued under the Biden administration expired. The policy restricted the entry of migrants in the name of preventing the spread of Covid-19. This brutal and inhumane bipartisan policy sought to delay and hinder at all costs the asylum requests and visa processing for hundreds of thousands of Mexican, Central American, Caribbean and Venezuelan migrants, and led to a record number of deportations: 2.8 million during both administrations and 72,000 alone since September 2022, in addition to 142,000 arrests making 2022 the year with the highest undocumented migration since the Second World War.

The Biden administrations policy, disguised under the guise of a humane and orderly migration policy, actually carried out more deportations than under the Trump administration, while promising to increase the quota of visas for asylum seekers, in the face of what his administration has called an unprecedented exodus from countries such as Nicaragua, Haiti, Venezuela and Cuba, with which the U.S. has no diplomatic relations. Biden has agreed to establish migrant processing centers alongside Gustavo Petro, President of Colombia, and Alejandro Giammatei, President of Guatemala, in their respective countries.

In contrast to these promises, the U.S. has deployed 1,500 additional soldiers to its southern border with Mexico where a total of 4,000 troops are now mobilized. At the same time, the Biden administration is pressuring the administration of Andrs Manuel Lopez Obrador (AMLO) to militarize the border with Guatemala. Biden has also returned to the Title 8 policy disqualifying people from seeking asylum in the U.S. if they do not first apply in countries they crossed earlier in their journeys or cannot demonstrate that they would be exposed to persecution or torture if they were deported to their countries of origin. At the same time, his policy also subjects migrants to harsher consequences for crossing the border illegally and expedites their arrests, fines, penalties, and deportations if they are caught crossing. The Biden administration has also initiated a policy so that migrants will only have 24 hours to find a lawyer after crossing the border to seek asylum, whereas previously they had 48 hours. These measures will speed up deportations and make visa and asylum procedures even longer and more difficult.

For his part, Greg Abbott, governor of Texas and one of the hardliners of the Republican Party, has sent Black Hawk helicopters and C-130 aircraft along with a new U.S. National Guard unit, which according to his statements, now totals 10,000 troops, to prevent the entry of migrants before the end of Title 42. This xenophobic Republican is also promoting a state law to consider the entry of migrants without papers into Texas a serious crime and penalties of up to 10 years in prison for hiding migrants without legal residency permits.

In addition, the Republicans have introduced a Border Security Bill that calls for increased funding for border security, the resumption of the construction of a border wall, improvements in surveillance technology along the U.S. southern and northern borders, and an increase in the number of Border Patrol agents. However, since they do not have a majority in the Senate, it is unlikely to pass.

At the same time, independent Senator Kyrsten Sinema, a representative from Arizona and former member of the Democratic Party, together with Senator Thom Tillis, a Republican legislator from North Carolina, are pushing for a bill to reinstate Title 42, without any reference to the pandemic.

Both the Democratic and Republican Parties are responsible for the implementation of imperialist policies throughout the Americas that have led to poverty and violence in this vast region. This imperialist orientation was evident in the statements of the General of the U.S. Army Southern Command, Laura Richardson, who recently stated that the wealth of natural resources in Latin America are a matter of national security for the U.S., in the face of its geopolitical adversaries; a position that she also promoted in Central America during her visit to Costa Rica in February. Clearly, the reactionary policies against immigration are a bipartisan affair. Both parties are driving a situation which entails greater oppression and precariousness for the entire migrant population living in the U.S. or intending to settle there. The bipartisan regimes imperialist policies also put downward pressure on the working conditions of the entire multi-ethnic working class north of the Rio Grande.

After the signing of the Bicentennial Agreement at the end of 2021, more than 32,000 National Guard troops were deployed to Mexicos southern border. The agreement, which aims to strengthen cooperation and security measures in a new chapter of the publicized War on Drugs, is being touted as a measure to curb the illegal entry of fentanyl into the United States.

In spite of the progressive rhetoric of AMLOs government and a discourse that attempts to distance itself from the previous administrations in Mexico and from the Biden administration in particular, regarding issues such as the blockade of Cuba or Venezuela which has been denounced by AMLO the reality is that in substance, AMLO and his government of the so-called Fourth Transformation (4T) have continued the essence of subordination to imperialist policies. This was expressed most recently with the renegotiation of the T-MEC, to continue oiling the North American value chain through the precarization of the labor force in Mexico. Added to that is the continuation of a policy initiated in 2006 by the governments of Felipe Caldern and George Bush to militarize Mexico to protect the interests of big national and transnational imperialist businessmen. Finally, the implementation of racist and xenophobic policies against migrants is another example of the subordination to imperialist policies.

Far from demilitarizing the country as he promised in his electoral campaign, AMLO ramped up the presence of the army in the streets, introduced the new civilian security corps the National Guard in security tasks, and deployed thousands of troops across both borders, particularly in Guatemala, to act as Border Patrol south of the Rio Grande. With the excuse of fighting organized crime, the reality behind this militarization has more to do with controlling strategic resource zones and guaranteeing mega-projects such as the Mayan Train than with crime. The militarization is also a way to prevent potential mobilizations and protests against the bosses policies of the 4T.

In turn, the government has implemented policies such as Stay in Mexico, a program promoted by Trump that forces migrants wishing to enter the United States to wait in Mexico to process their immigration. This has resulted in all kinds of complications for migrants in transit, such as overcrowding in immigration centers that in reality function as prisons.

While AMLO has put forward a slew of social programs that are aimed at combating poverty and helping those that live in the countryside, he has not resolved the conditions faced by the rural masses. Instead, the character of his regime becomes evident through his policies that seek to prevent migration and contain displaced migrants from countries in the region within Mexico, in accordance with the agreement with the United States. On the southern border of the country, the Mexican army represses Latin American and Caribbean brothers and sisters every day to contain their passage to the United States.

The most recent episode that highlighted the oppressive nature of the Mexican state was the tragedy that led to the deaths of 41 migrants who were locked up in a migrant jail in Ciudad Jurez, under the complicity of the guards of the National Institute of Migration who refused to help them while their lives were in danger during a fire. This is yet another example of the negligence and contempt of immigration officials against people who have been unjustly deprived of their liberties and faced a situation of complete defenselessness.

At the same time, the government continues to attempt to dismantle migrant caravans and prevent their passage through the largest migratory corridor in the world via repression and by presenting arrests as a humanitarian rescue from human traffickers. In addition, dozens of migrants disappear on a daily basis in states along the northern and southern border of Mexico due to the action of organized crime which collaborates with the police, the National Guard and the army. In the context of this violent situation, women and trans folks are among the most vulnerable to disappearances and sexual violence at the hands of the police, military and criminal gangs.

The situation of migrants in the rest of the region is no different. Hundreds of thousands have been displaced by violence, the effects of the environmental catastrophe, unemployment and poverty all consequences of imperialist policies in the region. This comes as new adjustment plans are in the works in order to pay foreign debts to imperialist institutions like the IMF, as is the case in Costa Rica.

There are no figures on the number of Salvadorans expelled by the violence and repression of the Bukele government, only the records of U.S. deportations are known. But since the beginning of the Biden administration, the border police have deported 195,720 Salvadorans according to reports from the Border Patrol and Customs, in addition to 6,037 citizens of that country who requested asylum in Mexico during 2021. Along with the Salvadoran population, it is mainly Nicaraguans (20,917), Colombians (17,195), Venezuelans (20,044), Cubans (28,848), Guatemalans (14,806) and Hondurans (14,003), according to figures from the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection, who are forced to make this crossing, risking their lives. In the case of Nicaragua, the repressive and authoritarian government of Daniel Ortega has had an iron fist policy against migrants, as well as against social protest and opponents of his government, whom he has expelled from the country.

In Venezuela, the urgent situation has to do with a catastrophic crisis, a national collapse that produced what is already the biggest exodus of a country in the history of the region: the dismantling of the main public industries (including the oil industry) and the brutal capitalist adjustment policies of Maduro are combined with the criminal sanctions imposed by the U.S. and European imperialisms, in accordance to their own political objectives. The dismantling of the value of wages and the national currency, the drastic expansion of poverty and misery, have gone hand in hand with the profoundly authoritarian decomposition of the political regime, including the persecution of workers. That is what drives millions of Venezuelans into fleeing their country!

In Colombia and Honduras, the violence from organized crime and the militarization of these countries has expelled tens of thousands of people, while the supposedly progressive governments of Xiomara Castro and Gustavo Petro seek to minimize the migratory crisis through measures such as increasing humanitarian visas, while reducing institutional measures and support programs for the migrant population and maintaining the militarization of their borders and territories.

The situation in Haiti is also dire, especially since the imperialist occupation of the country after the 2010 earthquake. The humanitarian crisis and extreme poverty have increased with the proliferation of trafficking networks and criminal groups associated with the repressive forces, an untenable situation for Haitians who have opted to migrate to various Latin American countries. There is even a U.S. imperialist policy underway to militarily reoccupy the country, shielded by the request of the puppet president Henry.

In the Southern Cone, governments like Gabriel Borics in Chile, who also claims to be progressive, have supported the xenophobic and anti-immigrant policies pushed by U.S. imperialism by militarizing its borders and deporting thousands of migrants. In the same vein, the murderous coup government of Dina Boluarte in Peru has deployed the military to its borders to explicitly contain the flow of migrants.

The socialists of the Movement of Socialist Workers of Mexico, the League of Workers for Socialism of Venezuela, the Revolutionary Socialist Organization of Costa Rica and Left Voice of the United States, affiliates of the international network of newspapers that are part of the Trotskyist Fraction Fourth International in 14 countries and 8 languages around the world, denounce the criminal and anti-immigrant policy of U.S. imperialism, and its accomplices, the governments of Mexico, the various countries of Central America and the Caribbean.

The plundering of national resources by transnational capital and the respective local bourgeoisies is at the heart of the crises and hardships of our peoples. The resources that they deny us are those that the handful of exploiters keep for themselves, the dramatic needs of billions in our countries are their profits and opulence. There is no progressive solution to this situation without attacking their interests, without turning the tables: it is them or us, we must fight with an anti-imperialist and anti-capitalist perspective, united with an internationalist perspective. Otherwise, we will remain prisoners of the respective demagogic, xenophobic, and reactionary policies of all the bourgeois governments of the region and of Yankee imperialism. No to the barbarism suffered by the migrants!

As inflation hits the economy of the working class and popular sectors around the world at different levels the funding of the militarization of borders and the harassment of migrants throughout Mexico is scandalous. It is necessary to fight on both sides of the border for the abolition of Immigration and Customs Enforcement in the United States, as well as the withdrawal of funds from institutions that repress migrants in Mexico and Central America, and to allocate them to the establishment of shelters and health care for those seeking a better future in other countries, as well as the urgent increase in the budget for education, health, and housing in all countries of the region. Stop the mistreatment and murder of migrants in the United States!

Faced with the harassment and criminalization of migrants, and the xenophobic and racist policy deployed by imperialism and the native bourgeoisies subordinated to it, we promote an anti-imperialist and internationalist policy, to be taken in hand by the working class of the U.S., Mexico and Central America, so that it can lead the struggle for the rights of migrants.

A solution to this humanitarian crisis that is favorable to migrants can only come from the working class of the region, together with those who face racism and police violence in the United States, peasants, indigenous peoples, queer folks, women, and youth who have resisted the attacks of these regimes in our countries, which in some cases, as in Mexico, display humanitarian and progressive discourses while persecuting those who migrate.

The struggle for migrants rights is twinned, in the United States, with the struggle against racism such as the protests for justice for Jordan Neely, recently murdered by a former Marine police officer and the white supremacist groups that terrorize Black folks, Latinos, and families crossing the southern border and risking their lives. It is also twinned with the struggle of the screenwriters of studios and streaming platforms on strike against job insecurity and wage increases, among other demands, and with the recent struggles of other sectors of workers, such as railroad workers who struggled for a collective contract that includes medical leave or the Amazon workers struggling to unionize.

In the case of Cuba we pronounce ourselves in favor of the immediate end of the blockade imposed by the United States, which only hits the working class and the popular sectors who are facing an increasingly acute social crisis, and against the capitalist restoration measures and the repression of the Daz Canel government against the workers and popular protests, such as those on July 10-11, 2022 and the recent ones in Caimanera for food, or those of the railroad workers on strike for back pay.

In Venezuela we are for an immediate end to imperialist sanctions and the return of all companies, goods, and resources confiscated by the United States. At the same time we denounce the policy of savage capitalism applied by Maduro from his anti-worker economic measures to the repression of those who struggle.

In Central America we denounce all the governments complicit in the imperialist agenda, whether they are dressed up as progressive or transparently neoliberal; we denounce the curtailment of democratic freedoms in the region and the increase in social violence in general, the responsibility for which lies exclusively with the different governments of the Central American states.

It is essential that north of the Rio Grande the trade union organizations and those that claim to be socialist take up the struggle against the imperialist policies of their own government and in particular against the plundering of Latin America that is being carried out through foreign debt and the subordination of national economies, now organized in the interests of U.S. imperialism in the framework of the commercial and technological competition with China, as well as through direct military control over the seas and lands of the region.

Down with the scourge of foreign debts! At different levels, this mechanism of imperialist plunder is among the reasons for the crises, it is a mechanism of usury by which enormous resources are taken from the countries, for the benefit of a handful of vultures of big international finance capital. There is no future for our countries without a break with this: resources for education, health, housing and wages, not for foreign debt!

In unity across our borders, let us strive to build a broad movement to win free transit for migrants throughout the countries of the region, with the right to health care, to work with full labor rights and to safe, dignified, and free shelters.

We fight for full social and political rights for all migrants, granting them automatic legal residence and nationality for the United States or any other country they wish to live in, while confronting racism, repression, and all acts of xenophobia.

It is necessary that trade unions, human rights, youth, feminist and left organizations throughout the region take up these demands as part of a great international campaign for migrants rights led by the working class.

The working class is one and without borders!

Originally published in Spanish on May 12, 2023 in La Izquierda Diario.

Translated by Maryam Alaniz

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Declaration on the Migrant Crisis: Socialists From the U.S., Mexico ... - Left Voice

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WNBA star Brittney Griner standing and listening to national anthem – Gainesville Sun

Posted: at 1:57 am

Brittney Griner: 'Surreal' being back with Mercury

Mercury center Brittney Griner attends Mercury Day for pictures and interviews and talks about the surreal feeling of being back.

Patrick Breen, Arizona Republic

Brittney Griner made her long-awaited return to a basketball court last Friday in Phoenix. The song that was played before the game didnt sound quite the same.

Hearing the national anthem, it definitely hit different, Griner said. Its like when you go for the Olympics. Youre sitting there, about to get gold put on your neck. The flags are going up and the anthem is playing. It just hits different.

Yeah, nine months in a Russian prison will do that to a person.

It was Griners first game since authorities at a Moscow airport found vape cartridges containing cannabis oil in her luggage. The WNBA star may well have planned on using them to help cope with another winter of moonlighting for UMMC Yekaterinburg.

Or, Vladimir Putin may well have had the stash, wanting to turn Griner into a negotiating pawn. The Russian judicial system is not exactly set up to stop such a ploy.

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Griner was convicted of drug smuggling and sentenced to nine years in a penal colony. The U.S. eventually traded her for Viktor Bout, aka the Merchant of Death.

Swapping a basketball player for the worlds most notorious arms dealer made the Red Sox trading Babe Ruth seem pretty innocuous. But its good when any American is freed from such a fix.

Even one who hasnt been too keen on America.Griner was one of sports more outspoken social justice warriors in the long, hot summer of 2020. As protests raged, taking a knee during the national anthem was the standard calling card.

Griner took it a step further, saying she didnt want to be in the same room where The Star-Spangled Banner was played.

Im not going to be out there for the national anthem, she told the Arizona Republic. If the league continues to want to play it, thats fine. It will be all season long, Ill not be out there. I feel like more are going to probably do the same thing.

When Griner did just the opposite last week, it prompted a hearty I told you so from a lot of people. No, she didnt burn her old Black Lives Matter T-shirt and offer the full-throated mea culpa. But her words indicated shed learned not to hate America.

To which Griners defenders say, she hasnt actually changed.

She never hated America. As with the other kneelers, Griner wanted to protest Americas flaws and make it a better country.

That conflict was roiling sports long before anyone heard of George Floyd, of course. One side hears the anthem and thinks of freedom and fallen soldiers. The other hears oppression and police brutality.

Has Griner changed her tune?

In the moral panic of 2020, it was easy to condemn the United States for its past sins and present shortcomings. To conscientiously take a knee and look away as federal buildings were torched and thousands of small businesses many minority-owned were destroyed.

Silence is violence, at least according to BLM. And I cant recall Griner asking protesters to at least think twice before tearing down statues of abolitionists.

Then she was cast into another reality, one that billions of people live every day. One where there is no rule of law or presumption of innocence. One where protesting against the government is a ticket to a torture chamber.

Then, as LeBron James was wondering why Griner would want to go back to America as it failed to get her release, the US gave up a mass killer to bring Griner home.

She returned to a country that believes in life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. Maybe she realized the dusty old men who came up with those ideas should not be reflexively torn down.

Maybe she realized there are a lot more reasons to stand than kneel for the national anthem.

In summation: It hits different.

I dont know what to read into Griners comments. I do know that actions speak louder than words.

Before, she did not even want to hear the national anthem.

Now it sounds like music to her ears.

David Whitley is The Gainesville Sun's sports columnist. Contact him at dwhitley@gannett.com. Follow him on Twitter @DavidEWhitley

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WNBA star Brittney Griner standing and listening to national anthem - Gainesville Sun

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Imran Khan to unveil next plan of action at a rally on Thursday – ANI News

Posted: at 1:57 am

ANI | Updated: May 16, 2023 23:35 IST

Islamabad [Pakistan], May 16 (ANI): Pakistan's former Prime Minister Imran Khan, on Tuesday, said that he will address the next public meeting on Thursday and will announce the next plan of action. In a video message, shared by Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf's official Twitter handle, Khan said, "Earlier, I decided to start Jalsa on Wednesday but as I have to appear in court for various cases, I will start Jalsas on Thursday. My first Jalsa will be in Muridke, and I want everyone nearby to come and join it so that I can share my plan with you that how to get the country out of the quagmire and how we have to set ourselves truly free, how we have to snatch freedom."Earlier, on Tuesday, Khan released another video where he urged the public to hold a peaceful protest for the "freedom" of the people. In a video message, shared by PTI's official Twitter handle, Khan said, "This is the time for Haqeeqi Azadi and you can't let this moment go in vain."Khan has said that fear was being spread among the public to oppress them as he likened the situation in the country today to the atrocities during the rule of Genghis Khan. He further claimed that his supporters, including women, were being tormented in a manner never seen before. PTI Chief was arrested on May 9.

"All this fear is being spread only to tell the public that those who stand against them will be treated this way," Khan said in a video message. "When the nation decides that it won't tolerate this oppression ... when it decides that it won't allow the violation of the Constitution and that it wants elections ... then no one will be able to stop them.""When Genghis Khan used to kill and kill, he used to leave a few people alive and told them to tell the world how cruel I am, how much terror I have. The same is happening here, people's houses are being broken, women have never been oppressed like this, and stories of atrocities are being played on TV and social media, but my Pakistanis, this is the time for your freedom. to take," PTI tweeted while sharing the video of Imran Khan. Meanwhile, Lahore High Court (LHC) on Tuesday reserved its verdict on the petition filed by Khan -- the day after his arrest in the Al-Qadir Trust case -- seeking pre-arrest bail in every case filed against him since then, Geo News reported.In the backdrop of protests sparked following Khan's arrest in the infamous land corruption case, other cases were also filed against the former prime minister.Meanwhile, the court enquired about the PTI chief's absence at the beginning of the session to which Khan's attorney responded that his client would show up in court by 11 am.The interim government of Punjab's lawyer had opposed the bail request of Imran Khan, claiming it was inadmissible. The lawyer said, "Imran Khan hasn't even appeared in the court and seeking protective bail," as per Geo News. (ANI)

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Delta Youths Threaten Showdown Over Exclusion In Multi-Billion … – SaharaReporters.com

Posted: at 1:57 am

A coalition of Isoko youth groups, Urhobo ex-agitators and other youth stakeholders in Delta state has threatened a showdown with the Managing Director of the Nigerian Petroleum Development Company (NPDC), Ali Zahra; Tantita Security owned by ex-militant leader, Government Ekpemopolo (aka Tompolo); and Heritage Oil and Shoreline Petroleum.

The coalition accused them of fomenting an inter-ethnic crisis in the state and the Niger Delta region.

According to the coalition, this followed what they called a "blatant" refusal to pay the coalition what is due them from the federal government's multi-billion-naira oil pipeline surveillance contract awarded to Ekpemopolo's company.

Addressing a joint press conference in Abuja, Tuesday, conveners of the coalition, Iteveh Nur'Ekpokpobe, Karo Edor, Joseph Figbele and Abraham Ekokotu stated that NPDC MD and the International Oil Companies (IOCs) have taken decisions that are inimical to the peace drive in Delta state.

It said, "As you are aware, sometime in August 2022 a contract for the surveillance of oil pipeline in the entire region was awarded to Tantita Security owned by the family of Mr. Government Ekpemupolo (Tompolo), an Ijaw from Oporoza in Niger Delta, without recourse to any Isoko representation, body or council. Following our petitions, the Nigerian Senate Committee on Ethics, Privileges and Public Petitions headed by Sen. Ayo Akinyulere, on instructions of the Senate President, Ahmed Lawan, held (a hearing) on January 28, 2023, on the issues raised.

"The hearing was attended by the conveners of coalition of Isoko youths, president generals of Isoko communities in Bayelsa state, representative of the Minister of State for Petroleum, Chief Timipre Sylva and others. The Senate committee recommended at the end of the hearing, the need for the NNPC and the Federal Government to engage Isoko youths and stakeholders for keeping the peace and protecting crude oil installations in their areas ever since the beginning of exploration till date.

The Group Chief Executive Officer of the NNPC, Mr. Mele Kolo Kyari reached out to the leadership of the coalition after which the Managing Director of the Nigeria Petroleum Development Company (NPDC), Mr. Ali Muhammed Zahra, delegated to interface with the leadership of the coalition and the companies, to wit, Tantita Security and Zane Energy Limited in order to officially accommodate our youths. These deliberations which kicked off since February gave birth to several meetings and decisions. For over three months, we were shifted on a course. This course was supposed to resolve the issues that instigated our agitations.

This meeting gave birth to other meetings with the management of Tantita Security. First, with Keston Pondi in Warri sometime in February where, against all odds, we accepted a 100 slot quota of N50,000 naira monthly for our youths which was a far cry from the 150 slots of N100,000 promised by the NPDC MD.

We were asked to submit a list of the youths which we did, but till today, they have not been paid even with a later agreement that 230 slots would be available at the same N50,000 to include some parts of Urhobo where dissatisfaction is rife. Lastly, that fund would be made available for Hilux truck rentals and logistics.

"After another meeting, the trio of Zahra, Matthew Tonlagh and Dennis Otuaro both of Tantita security promised to pay two months backlog for February and March to enable us kick off properly. These promises have not been fulfilled till this very moment. Since these series of meetings and interface with the NPDC and Tantita, no promises made have been fulfilled. We have been tricked, our honesty and compromises have been insulted, our peaceful demeanors have been mocked, and there is only so much a people can take.

We dare say today, that Isoko and Urhobo nations have been insulted and swindled. We have been mocked and relegated by the Zahra, management of Tantita and all those who Kyari delegated to resolve this matter.

The coalition called on Kyari to step in and address the matter before it degenerates into heightened tension in the region.

It alleged that the mandate given to the NPDC MD, by Kyari has been sabotaged by selfish interests.

On the back of this fact, we are stating that the Isoko people cannot fold their arms this time around, because one can only accommodate oppression for so long. Tempers are already high and the need for NNPC GCEO, Mr Mele Kyari to step in and personally address this matter once and for all is now more pressing than ever. It is sad that over this period of time, all the promises made to us have not been kept. This back and forth movement has confirmed our fears and obvious truth, that there is a deliberate attempt to deprive Isokos and by proxy, Urhobos of their quota in this negotiation, it said.

At the time of filing this report, efforts to reach Matthew Tonlagh, representative of Tantita security, were not successful as he did not answer calls nor reply to the text messages sent to him.

But the Managing Director of NPDC, Ali Muhammed Zahra, told SaharaReporters that the contractor of the surveillance contract by the federal government is Tantita and not coalition of Isoko or Urhobo group.

The directive by my Group Chief Executive Officer (GCEO) is to mediate between Tantita and the coalition for sub-contract to their community group, which I did. Their payment rest with Tantita and not the NNPC Exploration and Production Limited, (NEPL). Thank you for reaching out. Kindly request them to forward their contract with NEPL to you if any."

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What Created This Mini Book-Shaped Rock on Mars? – Scientific American

Posted: at 1:56 am

A cute new photo courtesy of the Mars rover Curiosity shows a miniature book-shaped rock nestled in the soil of the Gale Crater.

The shape is the result of an interplay of wind, waterand the human brain. While many of the rock shapes on Mars hint at a dynamic past, says mineralogist Susanne Schwenzer of the Open University in England, the rocks often objectively look like plain, rounded pebbles. A few, though, remind the human eye of familiar objects. For instance, the Curiosity rover recently captured images of rocks that look like jagged shark teeth and delicate corals.

The human propensity to see familiar objects in ambiguous patterns is called pareidolia. Famously, in 1976 a photo taken from the Viking I spacecraft exemplified this phenomenon on a large scale. The image seemed to show an eerie face peering up from Marss surface. The Face on Mars became a pop culture sensation and fuel for conspiracy theories about alien monuments. Later, higher-resolution photographs with fewer shadows showed a pretty plain mesa.

Curiosity captured the picture of the book rock on April 15. Its a tiny feature, just 2.5 centimeters (about one inch) long. The origin of this miniature sculpture likely stretches back some four billion years, when the sediments that make up the base of Gale Crater were being deposited, Schwenzer says. At the time, the region hosted liquid water that traveled through pores in the rocks, depositing minerals in some spots and dissolving them away from others. This leads to uneven properties within rocks, Schwenzer says, so that when the rocks erode to the point they are on the planets surface and the wind whips against them, they dont wear away evenly. The softer parts weather away quicker, she says.

In the case of the book rock, an ancient fracture might have created the sheetlike page portion of the formation, Schwenzer says. When rocks crack, either because of strain from sediments layered on top of them or because of meteorite strikes, fluids can move into those cracks and deposit new minerals. If those minerals are harder than the surrounding rock, theyll remain after the rest of rock weathers away.

You have an at least three-step process, Schwenzer says. Youve got the rock, youve got the formation of that harder part, and then you have the weathering.

Gale Crater went through wet and dry periods for the first billion or so years of its existence. The last time liquid water flowed in this region was likely about 2.6 billion years ago, Schwenzer says, with wind taking over all of the sculpting since.

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A Mighty Martian River? Latest Astonishing Discovery by NASA’s Perseverance Mars Rover – SciTechDaily

Posted: at 1:56 am

Scientists think that these bands of rocks may have been formed by a very fast, deep river the first of its kind evidence has been found for on Mars. NASAs Perseverance Mars rover captured this scene at a location nicknamed Skrinkle Haven using its Mastcam-Z camera between February 28 and March 9, 2023. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS

Evidence left in rocks is leading scientists to rethink what watery environments looked like on ancient Mars.

New images from NASAs Perseverance rover reveal evidence of a powerful river on Mars, possibly deeper and faster-moving than previously known. The images depict sedimentary rock layers with coarse sediment grains and cobbles, indicating a high-energy river system. Understanding these Martian watery environments is crucial for the search for ancient microbial life and expands our knowledge of Mars past.

New images taken by NASAs Perseverance rover may show signs of what was once a rollicking river on Mars, one that was deeper and faster-moving than scientists have ever seen evidence for in the past. The river was part of a network of waterways that flowed into Jezero Crater, the area the rover has been exploring since landing more than two years ago.

Understanding these watery environments could help scientists in their efforts to seek out signs of ancient microbial life that may have been preserved in Martian rock.

Perseverance is exploring the top of a fan-shaped pile of sedimentary rock that stands 820 feet (250 meters) tall and features curving layers suggestive of flowing water. One question scientists want to answer is whether that water flowed in relatively shallow streams closer to what NASAs Curiosity rover has found evidence of in Gale Crater or a more powerful river system.

This illustration depicts NASAs Perseverance rover operating on the surface of Mars. NASAs Perseverance rover has discovered potential evidence of a previously unknown, powerful river system on Mars. Images captured reveal coarse sediment grains and cobbles, suggesting a high-energy river once flowed into the Jezero Crater, which may hold clues to Mars ancient microbial life. Credit: NASA

Stitched together from hundreds of images captured by Perseverances Mastcam-Z instrument, two new mosaics suggest the latter, revealing important clues: coarse sediment grains and cobbles.

Those indicate a high-energy river thats truckin and carrying a lot of debris. The more powerful the flow of water, the more easily its able to move larger pieces of material, said Libby Ives, a postdoctoral researcher at NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, which operates the Perseverance rover. With a background in studying Earth-based rivers, Ives has spent the last six months analyzing images of the Red Planets surface. Its been a delight to look at rocks on another planet and see processes that are so familiar, Ives said.

Years ago, scientists noticed a series of curving bands of layered rock within Jezero Crater that they dubbed the curvilinear unit. They could see these layers from space but are finally able to see them up close, thanks to Perseverance.

One location within the curvilinear unit, nicknamed Skrinkle Haven, is captured in one of the new Mastcam-Z mosaics. Scientists are sure the curved layers here were formed by powerfully flowing water, but Mastcam-Zs detailed shots have left them debating what kind: a river such as the Mississippi, which winds snakelike across the landscape, or a braided river like Nebraskas Platte, which forms small islands of sediment called sandbars.

NASAs Perseverance Mars rover captured this mosaic of a hill nicknamed Pinestand. Scientists think the tall sedimentary layers stacked on top of one another here could have been formed by a deep, fast-moving river. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU/MSSS

When viewed from the ground, the curved layers appear arranged in rows that ripple out across the landscape. They could be the remnants of a rivers banks that shifted over time or the remnants of sandbars that formed in the river. The layers were likely much taller in the past. Scientists suspect that after these piles of sediment turned to rock, they were sandblasted by wind over the eons and carved down to their present size.

The wind has acted like a scalpel that has cut the tops off these deposits, said Michael Lamb of Caltech, a river specialist and Perseverance science team collaborator. We do see deposits like this on Earth, but theyre never as well exposed as they are here on Mars. Earth is covered in vegetation that hides these layers.

A second mosaic captured by Perseverance shows a separate location that is part of the curvilinear unit and about a quarter mile (450 meters) from Skrinkle Haven. Pinestand is an isolated hill bearing sedimentary layers that curve skyward, some as high as 66 feet (20 meters). Scientists think these tall layers may also have been formed by a powerful river, although theyre exploring other explanations, as well.

These layers are anomalously tall for rivers on Earth, Ives said. But at the same time, the most common way to create these kinds of landforms would be a river.

The team is continuing to study Mastcam-Zs images for additional clues. Theyre also peering below the surface, using the ground-penetrating radar instrument on Perseverance called RIMFAX (short for Radar Imager for Mars Subsurface Experiment). What they learn from both instruments will contribute to an ever-expanding body of knowledge about Mars ancient, watery past.

Whats exciting here is weve entered a new phase of Jezeros history. And its the first time were seeing environments like this on Mars, said Perseverances deputy project scientist, Katie Stack Morgan of JPL. Were thinking about rivers on a different scale than we have before.

Perseverances mission on Mars primarily focuses on astrobiology, particularly hunting for evidence of ancient microbial life. The rovers tasks also include analyzing the planets geology and historical climate, preparing for future human exploration, and pioneering the collection and storage of Martian rock and regolith (a mix of broken rock and dust).

Future NASA missions, in collaboration with the European Space Agency (ESA), plan to send spacecraft to Mars to retrieve these secured samples. Once back on Earth, these samples will undergo thorough analysis.

The 2020 Mars Perseverance mission is a component of NASAs wider Moon to Mars exploration strategy. This includes the Artemis missions to the Moon, designed to lay the groundwork for future human expeditions to Mars.

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), run by Caltech in Pasadena, California on behalf of NASA, is responsible for both the construction and operational management of the Perseverance rover.

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Seismic Waves Help Map the Core of Mars for the First Time – Universe Today

Posted: at 1:56 am

More than a hundred years after geologists first observed how seismic waves traveled through Earth, theyve achieved another seismic first. This time, they measured core-transiting seismic waves moving through Mars. The InSight landers seismic instrument tracked shockwaves generated by an earthquake and an impact event. Their behavior revealed for the first time that Mars very likely has a liquid core. Its made of a single blob of molten iron alloy.

By comparison, Earths core is more of a combo plate. It has both a liquid outer core and a solid inner core. They contain mostly iron and nickel. The turbulent outer core is heated by radioactive decay and other processes. It also generates our planets magnetic field.

It turns out that Marss innards are a bit different from Earths. The Martian liquid iron core is also rich in sulfur, with smaller fractions of oxygen, carbon, and hydrogen. That mix of elements makes it much less dense than Earths core, and its more compressible.

According to Nicholas Schmerr of the University of Maryland and a member of a team that used InSight data to study Mars, the differences between Earth and Mars cores hint at different formation stories for each planet. You can think of it this way; the properties of a planets core can serve as a summary of how the planet formed and how it evolved dynamically over time. The end result of the formation and evolution processes can be either the generation or absence of life-sustaining conditions, he said. The uniqueness of Earths core allows it to generate a magnetic field that protects us from solar winds, allowing us to keep water. Mars core does not generate this protective shield, and so the planets surface conditions are hostile to life.

Interestingly, despite having a liquid iron core, Mars doesnt seem to have much of a global magnetic field. It probably did generate one in the past, however. Planetary scientists suspect that it existed because Marss rocks contain traces of magnetism from ancient times. That magnetic memory gets embedded in rock crystals as they cool in the presence of a magnetic field. That memory can last for millions or billions of years. On Earth, scientists use it to track the motions of our planets tectonic plates, for example. They also use it to monitor changes in Earths magnetic field over timea science called paleomagnetism.

Paleomagnetism studies of Mars rocks tell scientists about Marss magnetic field in the past. Although there isnt one there now, it probably once had one similar to Earths. University of Maryland associate professor of geology Vedran Lekic suggests that Mars changed from a planet with a potentially habitable environment, shielded by a magnetic field, to the more unfriendly place it is today.

What caused it to change? Conditions in the core might have played a role, along with other factors such as violent impacts, according to Lekic. Its like a puzzle in some ways, Lekic said. For example, there are small traces of hydrogen in Mars core. That means that there had to be certain conditions that allowed the hydrogen to be there, and we have to understand those conditions in order to understand how Mars evolved into the planet it is today.

No one has been able to directly image the Martian core. However, planetary scientists have made extensive models of what they think conditions are like there. The InSight seismic measurements confirm the accuracy of those models. This was a huge effort, involving state-of-the-art seismological techniques which have been honed on Earth, in conjunction with new results from mineral physicists and the insights from team members who simulate how planetary interiors change over time, noted Jessica Irving, a senior lecturer at Bristol University and part of the team analyzing the InSight results. But the work paid off, and we now know much more about whats happening inside the Martian core.

The team used data from InSight from a marsquake that occurred on August 25, 2021, and an impact that happened on September 18, 2021. They compared the time it took waves from each event to travel through Mars to waves that stayed in the mantle. Those measurements got combined with other seismic and geophysical measurements of the Red Planet. All that data gave the team enough information to estimate the density and compressibility of the material the waves traveled through. Thats how the researchers figured out that Mars most likely has this completely liquid core.

Lekic and Schmerr note that Mars gradually evolved to its current conditions, changing from a planet with a potentially habitable environment into an incredibly hostile one. Conditions in the interior play a key role in this evolution, as might violent impacts, according to the researchers. Studying the data from InSight and other missions will help them determine more about the conditions that existed in Marss ancient history to give it that core.

Even though the InSight mission ended in December 2022 after four years of seismic monitoring, were still analyzing the data that was collected, Lekic said. InSight will continue to influence how we understand the formation and evolution of Mars and other planets for years to come.

Scientists detect seismic waves traveling through Martian core for the first timeFirst Observations of Core-transiting Seismic Phases on MarsThe Far Side of Mars: Two Distant Marsquakes Detected by Insight

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Mars Has A Crust Thicker Than Earth’s And A Radioactive Heat Source – IFLScience

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The crust of Mars, its outermost planetary layer, is much thicker than the Earths crust or even the crust of the Moon. This is according to the latest study that has looked at the internal properties of Mars using the quake data collected by NASAs InSight in its over four years of activity.

The strongest Marsquake was recorded last year, now estimated to be a 4.6-magnitude tremor. It sent seismic waves through the Martian crust and deep into the planet. Scientists used those tremors, which traveled along the Martian surface circling the planet up to three times, to work out how thick the crust is.

The findings suggest that the crust averages between 42 and 56 kilometers (26 to 35 miles) thick. It is thinnest inside the Isidis impact basin, where it is roughly 10 kilometers (6 miles). The Tharsis province is where the crust is at its thickest, being about 90 kilometers (56 miles). Earth's crust has an average thickness of between 21 and 27 kilometers (13 to 17 miles). The smaller the planetary body, the thicker the crust on average, but Mars has a crust thicker than that of the Moon, which was determined by the Apollo mission seismometers to be between 34 and 43 kilometers (21 to 27 miles) thick.

"This means that the Martian crust is much thicker than that of the Earth or the Moon," Doyeon Kim, a geophysicist and senior research scientist at ETH Zurichs Institute of Geophysics, said in a statement. "We were fortunate to observe this quake. On Earth, we would have difficulty determining the thickness of the Earth's crust using the same magnitude of quake that occurred on Mars. While Mars is smaller than the Earth, it transports seismic energy more efficiently."

On the left is a topographic map of the Martian surface, and a representation of the crust thickness is shown on the right.

Image credit: MOLA Science Team / Doyeon Kim, ETH Zurich

The work also expands on the Martian dichotomy, the peculiar problem of the Martian surface that is roughly divided in two: flat volcanic lowlands in the northern hemisphere, and highland plateaus covered in meteorite craters in the south. One idea was that the density of the crust was different, which would produce the differences seen. But this and a previous study have shown that the density of the crust is roughly the same all across the planet. The crust in the southern hemisphere simply extends more deeply.

The work also reported on the radioactive material heating up the interior of Mars, such as thorium, uranium, and potassium. Between 50 and 70 percent of these heat-producing elements are found in the Martian crust. This could explain some of the Marsquake sources, if local melting events continue to take place today.

The study is due to be published in Geophysical Research Letters, and the preprint can be read here.

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