Daily Archives: December 25, 2022

Guidance & Regulation (Food and Dietary Supplements) | FDA

Posted: December 25, 2022 at 4:54 am

This section contains FDA guidance and regulatory information with links to Federal Register documents. You can also access information about food safety programs, manufacturing processes, industry systems, and import/export activities.

For more information, see

FSMA is the most sweeping reform of FDA's food safety authority in more than 70 years. This act gives FDA new and enhanced mandates and authorities to protect consumers and promote public health.

Information on the requirement that owners, operators, or agents in charge of domestic or foreign facilities that manufacture, process, pack, or hold food for consumption in the United States must register with FDA.

Descriptions of the methods, equipment, facilities, and controls for producing processed food and dietary supplements. Following CGMPs ensures the quality of processed foods and dietary supplements. It also ensures that processed food or dietary supplements are packaged and labeled as specified in the master manufacturing record.

HACCP is a management system in which food safety is addressed through the analysis and control of biological, chemical, and physical hazards. This includes raw material production, procurement and handling, manufacturing, distribution, and consumption of the finished product.

More than 3,000 state, local, and tribal agencies have primary responsibility to regulate the retail food and foodservice industries in the United States. FDA assists regulatory agencies and the industries they regulate by providing a model Food Code, guidance, training, program evaluation, and technical assistance.

Information on:

Information about milk and seafood safety cooperative programs with FDA and state and local health and regulatory agencies.

FDA developed the Food Protection Plan to address the changes in food sources, production, and consumption. The plan presents a robust strategy to protect the nation's food supply from both unintentional contamination and deliberate attack.

Information about the Federal Register, the Code of Federal Regulations, and how to submit public comments.

06/29/2021

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Guidance & Regulation (Food and Dietary Supplements) | FDA

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Food Labeling & Nutrition | FDA

Posted: at 4:54 am

These FDA Food Labeling web pages address the labeling requirements for foods under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and its amendments. Food labeling is required for most prepared foods, such as breads, cereals, canned and frozen foods, snacks, desserts, drinks, etc. Nutrition labeling for raw produce (fruits and vegetables) and fish is voluntary. We refer to these products as "conventional" foods. For detailed information on dietary supplements, a special category of products that comes under the general umbrella of foods, but which has separate labeling requirements, see "Dietary Supplements."*

* Terms such as "functional foods" or "nutraceuticals" are widely used in the marketplace. Such foods are regulated by FDA under the authority of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, even though they are not specifically defined by law.

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Food Labeling & Nutrition | FDA

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Most Libertarian States 2022 – worldpopulationreview.com

Posted: at 4:50 am

The Libertarian Party (LP) in the United States is a political party promoting the aspects of libertarianism, such as laissez-faire capitalism, civil liberties, non-interventionism, and limiting the size and involvement of government. The slogan of the U.S. Libertarian Party is Minimum government, maximum freedom. The LP was conceived in August 1971 in Westminster, Colorado, and was officially formed on December 11, 1971, in Colorado Springs, Colorado. The party is currently the third-largest political party in the United States by Voter Registration. There are about 609,000 voters registered as Libertarians in 31 states and Washington, D.C. The Libertarian Party has one seat in the House of Representatives, Representative Justin Amash of Michigan.

Under the United States Constitution, each U.S. state has control over many of its own laws, causing laws to vary greatly among states. Because of this, some states are considered to be more free or libertarian than other states. Freedom in the 50 States is a report that ranks each state based on a combination of personal and economic freedoms. The report defines individual freedom as the ability to dispose of ones own life, liberty, and justly acquired property however ones sees fit, so long as one does not coercively infringe on another individuals ability to do the same. The reports rankings include fiscal policy, regulatory policy, and personal freedom.

Fiscal policy includes: state taxation, local taxation, government consumption and investment, government debt, and cash and security assets. Regulatory policy includes: land-use freedom, health insurance freedom, labor-market freedom, lawsuit freedom, occupational freedom, miscellaneous regulatory freedom, and cable and telecommunications. Personal freedom includes: incarceration and arrests, guns, gambling, marriage, education, alcohol, asset forfeiture, marijuana, tobacco, mala prohibita and civil liberties, travel freedom, and campaign finance.

The report scored each state on over 200 policies involving fiscal policy, regulatory policy, and personal freedom. Policies were weighted according to the estimated costs that government restrictions on freedom impose on their victims. Fiscal policy was weighted at 30.4%, regulatory policy at 34.0%, and personal freedom at 34.1% (percentages do not equal 100% because of rounding). Based on these findings, the most libertarian states are:

Based on the rankings, Florida is the freest state in the United States. Florida is ranked first for fiscal policy, 11th for personal freedom, and 22nd for regulatory policy. Florida is one of seven states that do not levy a state income tax. Floridas overall state-level tax collections are more than a standard deviation and a half below the national average.

New Hampshire is the second-most free state in the country. New Hampshire ranks second for fiscal policy, with the government taxing less than any other state but Alaska. New Hampshire also ranks fifth for personal freedom, with low incarceration rates and drug arrest rates.

Indiana ranks 10th for fiscal policy, 10th for personal freedom, and fifth for regulatory policy. Indiana has built itself as the freest state in the Great Lakes region by a wide margin. State taxes have fallen while government debt has also declined. Educational freedom is excellent in Indiana. Legal gambling is extensive; victimless crime arrests are low, and alcohol freedom has improved consistently over the past few years.

Colorado takes the number four spot for the freest states. Colorado ranks eighth for fiscal policy and fourth for personal freedom. The state has led the way in recreational cannabis regulation and has above average legal gambling and gun rights. Colorado is ranked first on the report for freedom from cronyism (the appointment of friends and associates to positions of authority without proper regard to their qualifications).

Nevada is the fifth freest state in the U.S. The state ranks second for personal freedom, scoring first for legal gambling, and is the only state with legal prostitution (in certain jurisdictions). Incarceration in Nevada is about average, and non-drug victimless crime arrests have fallen in recent yearsWhile personal freedom is Nevada's biggest strength, it does not perform well for fiscal or regulatory policy, which ranks 22nd and 17th, respectively.

North Dakota is the sixth-most free state in the U.S., ranking fifth for fiscal policy, 29 for personal freedom, and 19 for regulatory policy. The states debts are down, and its financial assets are up. The states tax burden is about 4.5% of adjusted income. North Dakota lacks a state minimum wage, land use is lightly regulated, and the state has a right-to-work-law.

Tennessee has the third-freest regulatory policies, being one of seven states with no individual state income tax. Additionally, Tennessees state and local taxes and debt have decreased in recent years. Tennessee also ranks tenth in the country for regulatory policies. Unfortunately, Tennessee ranks 45 for personal freedom due to its above-average incarceration rates and criminal justice policies.

At the eighth spot is South Dakota, which ranks sixth for fiscal policy and eight for regulatory policy. South Dakotas tax burden is very low, and state and local debt are both below the national average. South Dakota ranks a little lower for personal freedom at 37 due to its strongest criminal justice policies and incarceration rates.

Arizona is the ninth-most free state in the U.S. The state has made significant progress in the last 20 years, especially in personal freedom, where it is currently ranked 14th. This is because of Arizonas growing gun rights, declining victimless crime arrest, abolishing its sodomy law, and liberalizing its wine shipment laws. Arizona also ranks 18th for fiscal policy and 16 for regulatory policy.

Kansas is the tenth-freest state in the country and ranks first for regulatory policy. Both land-use and occupational freedom are high in Kansas, and the state is one of the freest from cronyism. Unfortunately, Kansass ranks for fiscal policy and personal freedom are not as great, ranking 31st and 21st, respectively. The states incarceration rate has been slowly increasing in recent years

Looking at voting patterns in each state, the states that have the highest numbers of libertarian voters are Montana, New Hampshire, Alaska, New Mexico, Idaho, Nevada, Texas, Washington, Oregon, and Arizona.

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Most Libertarian States 2022 - worldpopulationreview.com

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Gun Ownership | Libertarian Party

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Libertarians believe that every person has the right to arm themselvesin self-defense.

The right to self defense is one of our most fundamental rights. Few people will argue against that. However, some believe that people should not be allowed to arm themselves. Libertarians strongly disagree.

Imagine a small person, walking home after a late shift at work. Imagine that person is attacked by someone twice theirsize. The victim fights back but is unable to defend themselves against the much larger attacker.

Now imagine if the victim was armed. With the help of a gun, the victim hasa chance at self defense against the much larger attacker.

Gun rights are important for everyone, but especially those that are physically weaker.

Banning guns would not curb violence or deathsit will just change the nature of violence and deaths. It would result in violent criminals having more power to perpetrate violence against innocent people. Violent criminals will be emboldened if they know that average Americans are unable to defend themselves.

And banning guns would mean people who should be free to go about their business, for example traveling home from work after dark, will live in greater fear. It will mean that people who live in more dangerous areas (and who are typically poorer) have fewer options to defend themselves and their families.

Libertarians support peoplesrights to defend themselves and to arm themselves. We see it as immoral for government to try to prevent someone from doing so.

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Gun Ownership | Libertarian Party

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Big cog in the wheel: As Covid worries reappear, Insacogs genome sequencing ability must be aided by govts – Times of India

Posted: at 4:45 am

Big cog in the wheel: As Covid worries reappear, Insacogs genome sequencing ability must be aided by govts  Times of India

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Big cog in the wheel: As Covid worries reappear, Insacogs genome sequencing ability must be aided by govts - Times of India

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