Monthly Archives: June 2022

Digital solutions have vast potential to cut greenhouse gas emissions, but they can also lead to a higher environmental burden. The Joint Research Centres recent foresight report: Towards a green and digital future identified the key requirements that the EU needs to meet to make sure the green and digital transitions reinforce each other.

The Joint Research Centres (JRC) report [link] published on 29 June analysed how current and future digital technologies could help the European Union to reach climate neutrality in the next decades. The report informed the European Commissions Communication: 2022 Strategic Foresight Report [link]: Twinning the green and digital transitions in the new geopolitical context.

Researchers took a closer look at five sectors that are among the highest greenhouse gas emitters in the EU: agriculture, buildings and construction, energy, energy-intensive industries, and transport and mobility. They drew up two case studies for each sector to show how digital technologies could help to make them more sustainable. They also examined how economic, social and political factors will influence the green and digital transitions.

Based on this analysis, the report derives key requirements for the success of the European Unions green and digital transitions.

In the next weeks, we will be covering stories of how the Commissions scientists at the JRC are helping to make a success of the green and digital transitions. We are launching this mini-campaign with this piece, taking seven insights from our new foresight report.

Lets see what we need to achieve in the next decades for a climate-neutral and digitally empowered Europe.

Climate neutrality by 2050 will require giant leaps in innovation and a complex technological ecosystem with many interlinked solutions. Artificial intelligence, Internet of things, 5G and blockchain and next-generation computing technologies will help us manage this increased complexity.

A prime example is the energy system, which will have to cope with a much higher number of producers and a much more volatile input due to the higher share of solar and wind energy. Demand will have to adapt dynamically to the ever-changing supply. Smart appliances will help us decide when to charge our car or wash our dishes and clothes.

For this complex system to work, green-digital solutions will have to be interoperable and work reliably and securely. A functioning innovation and data ecosystems are necessary to develop and implement the solutions needed for the green and digital transitions.

Digital technologies come with significant climate and environmental burdens stemming from both their use and manufacturing. Data centres, artificial intelligence and blockchain use ever increasing amounts of electricity, materials and water.

In addition, the digital technologies depend heavily on the availability of rare earth materials since most digital devices are either not recycled or very difficult to recycle. Consequently, eWaste is the fastest growing waste category.

To ensure that green-digital technologies have an overall positive environmental effect, research and innovation has to optimise their environmental performance throughout their whole life cycle. In addition, regulations could support the uptake of more environmentally friendly technologies.

Besides the efforts of businesses, society can also play a decisive role in advancing the green transition. If people are more and more ready to change their habits to live a sustainable life, that will make a big difference. Science based information and labels may help to change consumption habits.

Giving up on owning private cars and upgrading the governance of transport and mobility systems, for example by making Mobility-as-a-Service widely available, could help to make transport more efficient and cut emissions. Eating less meat and thereby lowering its production could reduce greenhouse gas emissions and land use in the agriculture sector. Moving out of or reshaping family homes once children have grown up would save energy and lower the demand for additional housing.

These changes cannot come top-down. Inclusive debates could raise awareness and commitment, examine the ways forward and make us more open to change.

Data is essential for a sustainable society. It can unlock large efficiency gains in resource use across many different sectors. Data is necessary for a circular economy. It is key to ensure transparency of products and value chains and to reveal unsustainable practices.

For this to happen, enterprises, governments and end users need to be willing and able to share their data. They should be informed on how their data will help to achieve climate, environmental and social objectives. Data owners should have peace of mind knowing that their data is being used ethically thanks to strict legal requirements.

For example, farmers should enjoy the direct benefits of their data, instead of suffering disadvantages due to data monopolies of big accumulators, like corporate providers of farming equipment.

Everyone should be empowered to benefit from their data. Standards could help to ensure that the collected data is interoperable and of high quality. Privacy rules need to protect end users. Finally, cybersecurity as a crosscutting technology priority could guarantee the security of shared data.

Standards, rules, and regulations will play a crucial role in driving the green and digital transitions. They will channel investment into green-digital solutions, prevent the misuse of market power, and ensure interoperability between new and older generations of technology.

Market structures that also include small and medium-size companies are key for high levels of competition and innovation. Standards can help to ensure that big players, who for example provide crucial digital platforms, cannot keep new and innovative enterprises out of the market. Moreover, data ownership rules could help to avoid data monopolies.

Support to smaller players would help them implement green-digital solutions and ensure a diversity of players in the market.

By indicating which economic activities are sustainable, governments and financial actors could help to unlock the public and private investments that are necessary for successful twin transitions. Policy coherence will be necessary across the different sectors, regions, and levels of governments.

To ensure widespread acceptance of the green and digital transitions, lower-income and more vulnerable parts of society should also actively benefit from the transitions. Those who face energy poverty and lack digital skills or connectivity are at a heavy disadvantage. The transitions should improve their situation instead of bringing additional hardships.

For example, subsidies to buy electric cars may benefit only those who can afford expensive cars, while those who are not in such a privileged position also contribute to these subsidies through their taxes. However, through shared mobility, like car sharing apps, those who would not be able to buy electric cars can also use them.

For fair and inclusive transitions, policy measures should be attentive to the specific needs and situation of lower-income and vulnerable groups of society. One crucial measure is to help citizens gain the skills with which they can succeed in the growing green and digital market segments.

New green-digital technologies and sustainable business models often compete with already established ones, with a large customer base which is a challenge for their competitiveness and uptake. This means that the transition to a sustainable and circular economy may require special financial and regulatory support.

Enabling markets could be the answer to this problem. Enabling markets would follow strict green standards and internalise environmental and societal costs of pollution or emissions. This would mean that all market actors have an incentive to think long-term, invest in green-digital technologies and avoid solutions that do not have a future in a green Europe.

Building on the findings of the JRC report, the European Commission has adopted the Communication 2022 Strategic Foresight Report: Twinning the green and digital transitions in the new geopolitical context, which identifies key areas where political action is needed to reinforce the synergies between the twin transitions.

Excerpt from:

A green and digital future: 7 insights from strategic foresight - EU Science Hub

Between 2012 and 2021, industrys contribution to the Ghana Gross Domestic Product (GDP) grew from $11.9 billion to $18.7 billion, driven upwards by an upsurge in the value-added of manufacturing in GDP.

This almost tripled to 6.6%, from 2.5%, the African Development Bank has stated in its brief on Ghana.

Likewise, gross fixed capital formation strengthened from $7.4 billion in 2012 to $12.2 billion in 2021 (constant 2010 prices), a 65% increase. The increase for all African Development Fund countries was 49%.

In the same period, the economic diversification index increased from 0.77 to 0.81.

Finally, Ghanas score on the logistics performance index rose from 2.51 to 2.57 over the same time.

Despite these achievements, however, AfDB said the countrys global competitiveness index score dropped from 3.79 in 2012 to 3.58 in 2021.

Over 20122021, Ghanas industrialisation was guided by the Ghana Industrial Policy of 2011, which was complemented by the Made-in-Ghana Policy and a 10-point agenda for industrialisation as of 2016.

These policies were implemented through various programmes, including the Industrial Sector Support Programme 20112015, followed by the National Industrial Revitalisation Programme, which includes the National Entrepreneurship and Innovation Programme and such flagship projects as One District One Factory and One Region One Park.

Drawing on Ghanas comparative advantages and market potential, the strategic focus of the countrys industrial policies, the AfDB, said is in twofold.

One is to promote local content in resource-based industries on one hand, and to develop manufacturing activities including the processing segments of modernised agricultural value chainson the other. The private sector is expected to spearhead the work.

Way forward

With the right policies in place, the AfDB said industrialisation in Ghana will diversify the economy and generate more wealth.

It will also create a greater number of better jobs, largely in the private sector. That is why the Banks country strategy for 20192023 includes a pillar on industrialisation and private sector development.

It was under this pillar that in November 2021, the Bank approved $40 million to capitalise

Development Bank Ghana, a newly established institution that seeks to overcome an important constraint to private-sector-led industrialisation.

It concluded that Development Bank Ghana will supply long-term, affordable finance to micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises operating in agribusiness, manufacturing, information and communication technologies, and high-value service.

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Industry contribution to Ghana's GDP grew by 57% to $18.7bn in 2021 - AfDB - Myjoyonline

The trail of digital dust that companies and individuals leave behind is a valuable resource for enforcement agencies, according to a presentation shedding light on the underground economy at the recent Government Analytics Leadership Forum, held virtually on successive Tuesdays in early May.

Were hurtling toward a paperless society, said Dan Fort, the former chief of the U.S. Internal Revenue Services criminal investigations unit (NCIU). But online commerce leaves behind a trail of information, much of it readily accessible on open source platforms, that can provide insight into business practices and uncover reporting anomalies that expose underreporting of income and other noncompliance.

Open source datagovernment web sites, publicly available records of building permits and contracts, databases like LexisNexis, e-commerce, and many other publicly accessible recordshavent been seen as relevant by enforcement agencies until recently, according to Dan Childers of SAS Institutes Global Security Intelligence Practice.

New Economy elements such as cryptocurrencies and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are also readily accessible thanks to blockchain technologies, another ripe source for investigative data. The challenge: Its impossible to sort through by hand. Enter analytics.

(Note: This session took place shortly before the May 2022 crash of crypto and NFT markets wiped out billions in valuation.)

Increasingly, open source intelligence (OSINT) is being used not just to support investigations, but to launch them. An NCIU-devised algorithm applied to the short-term rental market (think Airbnb or Vacation Rentals By Owner) in one state of 13 million people was 99 per cent effective at matching revenue to income tax returns, revealed that revenue was underreported by 20 percent. In a billion dollar short-term rental market, that translates to a tax loss of roughly US$40 million. In a post-pandemic world, government budgets are likely to be tight and lost taxes dollars will have an impact.

Fort said the future of revenue investigation relies on cross agency partnership bringing together: criminal investigators, subject matter experts, agents, and analysts, digital intake of documents, advanced analytics, and employee skills development. But the role of human insight wont be diminished. This is a key concept, that advanced analytics and automation are meant to supplement the work of human and not replace them.

The Fraud TriangleOpportunity, Motivation and Rationalizationhas become a diamond, with New Economy practices and changing attitudes toward government adding Boldness as a corner.

They think its a negotiation when they get caught, Marc Tass, an award-winning lecturer at the University of Ottawas Faculty of Law and at the Telfer Executive MBA program, told a panel discussion on disrupting financial crime. Tass said his students are much more in tune with the new financial crimes landscape than so-called experts, and many have an ambivalent attitude toward it.

Phil Thibodeau, former assistant commissioner to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, said the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic revealed how many people are willing to commit financial crime. Wide-spread anti-government sentiment, as evidenced by so-called Freedom Convoys and widespread protests of government restrictions, poses a significant risk on the financial crimes front.

New types of economic instruments, like cryptocurrency and NFTs, are complicating the investigative aspect of financial crimes, said Jessica Davis, president of Insight Threat Intelligence. Investigators may not be aware theyre dealing with a cryptocurrency case until three or four months into an investigation. That bolsters a case for an integrated investigative unit and centres of excellence in New Economy investigative techniques as proposed by the current government, though what shape that might take isnt clear. What is clear, however, is that criminal fraudsters will always try to hide in the shadows created by the gaps between government agencies and any inability to capture and share data.

All agreed that the lack of a Beneficial Ownership Registry in Canada opens the country up to money laundering, making Canada, as Tass put it, the snow-washing capital of the world.

Advanced analytics are essential in helping governments better manage their programs and in fighting fraud. Yet, it is important that governments use these resources efficiently to avoid waste.

While technology companies enthusiastically trumpet the benefits of their enterprise products, their marketing tends to gloss over the real costs of its ongoing use. Thanks to SAS Institutes acquisition of former partner Boemska, Viya customers now have more visibility into session management and can precisely determine what tasks and users are taking up computing resources in the analytics environment.

SAS products had been a bit of a black box, said Christopher Blake, SAS product director for cloud acceleration. The newly branded Enterprise Session Monitor (ESM) monitors all SAS systems in a single instance, regardless of whether theyre on-premises or Web-based. It provides visibility into disk, CPU and cache usage, and its root-cause analysis features can show what sessions are causing workload issues. ESM can terminate sessions that are hung or causing problems.

This visibility can be used for cost control and chargeback, and has both operational and strategic roles. Operationally, ESM can manage workflow and store usage information for later analysis; strategically, it can help plan for seasonal and peak usage, planning and scaling cloud-based workloads, and for capacity and resource planning.

As governments undertake their digital transformation journey, a key component is cloud migration. More governments are embracing the cloud and virtual servers to handle the scale of Big Data and the compute power for advanced analytic models that use artificial intelligence and machine learning. This is driving partnerships between cloud providers and data analytics providers.

SAS and Microsoft Corp. have partnered to help customers move their analytics workload to the cloud. SAS has selected Microsoft Azure as the preferred platform for cloud migration, and SAS is tuning its cloud-native Viya offering for optimal compatibility with Azure while tailoring applications to the platform.

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'Digital Dust,' and tracking the true costs of analytics in an increasingly paperless society - IT World Canada

There is more than one way to approach reducing your Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG) in manufacturing.

Beginning in 1765, the first industrial revolution transformed our economy by using coal to change the way goods were produced and manufactured. Since then, the second industrial revolution was driven by gas in 1870 before being followed by nuclear power in 1969.

Currently, we are driving through the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) as we see a shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy such as solar and wind power. These revolutions show how quickly the manufacturing industry changes dependent on the source of power. Currently, Industry 4.0 is helping manufacturing cut greenhouse gas emissions from the use of renewable energy.

Industry 4.0 is already happening. Its transforming the way manufacturing operations are carried out. However, the use of renewable energy is a by-product created by the drive of the digital revolution. The momentum that is shifting Industry 4.0 comes from the acceleration of digital technology.

Industry 4.0 is creating cyber-physical systems that can network a production process enabling value creation and real-time optimisation. The main factor driving the revolution is the advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning. The complex algorithms involved in AI use the data collected from cyber-physical systems, resulting in smart manufacturing.

The impact that Industry 4.0 will have on manufacturing will be astronomical as operations can be automatically optimised to produce increased profit margins. However, the use of AI and smart manufacturing can also benefit the environment.

The first step to reducing emissions is always understanding. To reduce a manufacturing processs emissions, a company must know their emissions in the first place. Thus, quantitating a baseline for GHG emissions is vital. Smart manufacturing can make this process simple by automatically collecting utility data such as electricity, natural gas and water usage.

Furthermore, AI-based tools can help establish Scope 3 emissions from a companys supply chain. A smart manufacturing process will have its digital twin represented in the Internet of Things and so an entire supply chain could be modelled in the digital twin making data collection simple.

Once a baseline has been calculated, smart manufacturing can be used to reduce emissions using methods such as digital twin optimisation and predictive maintenance. Each method highlights the future of smart manufacturing. To begin, digital twin optimisation enables virtual replicas of industrial processes that can easily be optimised to their most efficient performance. Digital twins allow more testing and iteration creating smart strategies based on both profits and carbon reduction strategies. Whereas predictive maintenance can save both costs and carbon emissions by preventing unnecessary maintenance tasks.

Predictive maintenance is becoming increasingly popular as it saves companies costs in performing scheduled maintenance, or costs in fixing broken equipment. The AI-based tool uses machine learning to learn how historical sensor data maps to historical maintenance records. Once a machine learning algorithm is trained using the historical data, it can successfully predict when maintenance is required based on live sensor readings in a plant. Predictive maintenance accurately models the wear and tear of machinery that is currently in use.

Naturally, at first you need to look at reducing your demand; reducing energy demand and reducing demand on resources such as use of materials and water. You can also look at reducing waste. This includes wasted energy in the form of inefficient machinery, wasted materials, and wasted water. Addressing all of these types of waste will reduce your carbon emissions.

Naturally, you will want to look at efficient maintenance scheduling; reducing time spent and spares used, increasing serviceability, decreasing downtime, making optimal use of your human resource and optimising any travel between sites that resource may need to undertake. But there is still more;

In terms of sustainability one option is the use of materials that are considered a waste material from one industry. It could be an input material for another industry. This is true also for energy where process heat might be lost from a manufacturing facility that puts out waste heat which could be captured and used to warm a process or an area of a neighbouring facility. This is known as industrial synergy. Use of, or repurposing of, otherwise wasted materials forms part of the circular economy. Where materials are not thought of as waste but are seen as resources. Industrial synergy goes further than recycling, re-use and re-purposing within your own business. But considers the wider aspect, of a wider community.

For this reason, collaboration outside of your immediate company or even your immediate town is necessary.

There are a number of initiatives facilitating industrial synergy. These improve industrial waste management systems and divert waste from landfills. They also create jobs. They need a diverse network of participating companies at a high level of stakeholder buy-in.

NISP NationalIndustrialSymbiosis Programme, is the best known of these. Originating as 3 pilot schemes in Scotland, West Midlands and Yorkshire & Humberside, it was the worlds first national industrial symbiosis programme. The model has to date been replicated in 20 countries world-wide at a national or regional level. Participating businesses diverted 47 million tonnes of industrial waste from landfill and generated a billion pounds in new sales. Carbon emissions look cut by 42 million tonnes and money was saved by reducing disposal, storage, transport and purchasing costs.

The Western Cape Industrial Symbiosis programme, WISP. Is based on the facilitated approach to industrial symbiosis. WISP was initiated by the Western Cape government of South Africa in 2013. It has a team of facilitators trained by international synergies that worked full time to build the industrial symbiosis network. They identify underutilised resources that could lead to business opportunities for member companies.

Community Resource Information Support platform, CRISP is an innovation project to design and pilot an innovative resource utilisation software. And so, the use of digital data to reduce carbon meets industrial synergy.

Synergy can also lead to incorporation with smart manufacturing using renewable energy without fossil fuels. This can lead us to a clearer view of the potential for clean manufacturing and a step change in low carbon city planning.

In the context of city industrialisation, not only is smart manufacturing essential, but so too are the cities in which industries are located. Through innovative change, both cities and industries offer solutions for deep infrastructural and systematic carbon reductions. Within the urban context, changes towards industry can lead the way in city development and the adoption of smart technology can offer solutions to greenhouse gas reduction within cities.

Cities account for roughly 70% of global greenhouse gas emissions and contribute significantly to climate change as a result. According to the European commission, greenhouse gas emissions can be monitored and reduced within cities through upgraded urban transport networks, upgraded water supply, environmentally friendly water disposal facilities and buildings with high energy efficiency.

Sustainable Development Goals outlined by the UN recognise that cities and their contributions to climate change must be reshaped and adapted to present opportunities as opposed to threats. The complexities of cities however require insight through a multi-governance approach in order to identify areas for change.

Manufacturing provides opportunities both environmentally and socially towards the continued growth and development of industries. Economically speaking, the impact of industrial manufacturing has had historical benefits towards the development of cities in drastic ways, from the employment opportunities for urban workers to the creation of goods and services that bring value to communities and infrastructure.

In adapting current manufacturing processes within industries, the benefits towards cities are vast, and provide environmental, social and governmental opportunities that showcase a more conscientious and sustainable way to live.

Aspects of cities such as public transportation, building construction and road infrastructure can be adapted and developed in line with manufacturing industries. Workers who travel by car can instead reduce emissions and their own cost of living by making use of low carbon infrastructure changes such as trams, buses, and trains. In developing our cities around smart manufacturing, pollution and congestion are set to be a thing of the past.

Crucially however, in order to achieve these fundamental changes to cities, we must recognise the level of collaborative effort that is required between public, private and civil actors in society. Acknowledging this is the first step to developing and creating new potential pathways for the future models of cities, coinciding with manufacturing facilities, factories and industrial units.

About the authors

Dr Torill Bigg, Chief Carbon Reduction Engineer

Dr Bigg (Torill) is a Chartered Chemical Engineer with 20 years experience in the water industry and a passion for environmental protection. Her work is published in Environmental Technology Journal and she is the recipient of a range of awards from Groundwater Quality at Sheffield University, to the prestigious Water Award from the Institute of Chemical Engineers. Torill spearheads Tunley Engineerings work in reducing Carbon Emissions across the globe, utilising her academic, professional and industry experience in finding grounded and cost-effective solutions to the Climate Crisis.

Joshua Farnsworth, Carbon Reduction Engineer

Joshua joined Tunley Engineering as a Carbon Reduction Engineer whilst completing his masters degree in Environmental Science and Climate Change Politics at the University of Sheffield. Having previously completed an undergraduate degree in Political Science and Government from Newcastle University, Joshua specialised in environmental politics and policy, and finished his 3-year course with a dissertation focusing on US environmental politics and governance. With knowledge and expertise in global and national environmental policies and climate change governance, Joshua offers companies and government officials alike a different perspective within the Carbon Reduction Team to expand and explore solutions to the climate crisis.

Aaron Yeardley, Carbon Reduction Engineer

Aaron works as a Carbon Reduction Engineer for Tunley Engineering. He combines his role with completing his PhD in Chemical Engineering at the University of Sheffield. Aaron specialises in gathering data from clients and performing carbon calculations to present carbon footprints. He then works with the client providing solutions to help reduce their carbon footprint. He utilises his expertise in data analytics, machine learning and python coding to achieve these goals.

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How smart manufacturing and AI can benefit the environment - The Manufacturer

BETHESDA, Md.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Enviva Inc. (NYSE: EVA) (Enviva or the Company) today announced that it has priced $250,000,000 of bonds in the U.S. tax-exempt market (the Bonds or the Tax-Exempt Green Bonds and such offering, the Offering) through the Industrial Development Authority of Sumter County, Alabama (the Issuer). The Tax-Exempt Green Bonds, which will be issued at par, will bear interest at an annual rate of 6.00% and mature in 2052, with the option for holders to redeem at par in 2032. Enviva and the Issuer expect to close the transaction on or about July 15, 2022, subject to customary closing conditions.

Use of Proceeds

Enviva estimates that the net proceeds of this Offering will be $246,000,000, after deducting the underwriters discount and other transaction-related costs. The proceeds of the Offering will be loaned to Enviva pursuant to a Loan and Guaranty Agreement to fund all or a portion of the costs of the acquisition, construction, equipping, and financing of Envivas fully contracted wood pellet production plant to be located in Epes, Alabama, and to pay costs and expenses of the Offering.

Designation

Consistent with Envivas Green Finance Framework, the Bonds are designated as Green Bonds because the proceeds will be used to finance the construction of a fully contracted wood pellet production plant that will produce a low-carbon, sustainable, renewable, drop-in substitute for fossil fuels to help decarbonize industries and the global economy. Envivas Green Finance Framework, which guides issuances of its Green Bonds, was developed in alignment with the Green Bond Principles (2021) as published by the International Capital Markets Association (ICMA) and the Green Loan Principles (2021) published by the Loan Market Association (LMA) and the Loan Syndications and Trading Association (LSTA).

The Bonds have not been registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), or under the securities laws of any other jurisdiction, on the basis of the Bonds being exempt securities pursuant to Section 3(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

This news release is neither an offer to sell nor a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities, including the Bonds, nor shall there be any sale of any such securities in any state or jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation, or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or jurisdiction.

Other Notable Financing

Enviva also announced that it has amended and restated its senior secured revolving credit facility (the Amended & Restated Credit Facility) in a transaction that closed on June 30, 2022. The Amended & Restated Credit Facility extends the maturity to June 2027 from April 2026 and includes other improved terms and conditions as compared to the terms of the credit facility prior to the amendment that more appropriately reflect the conversion of the Company from a master limited partnership to a corporation at the end of 2021, and the implications of the increased scale, diversification, and accelerating growth plans of Enviva, while continuing to maintain the conservative financial policies to which the Company is committed.

About Enviva

Enviva Inc. (NYSE: EVA) is the worlds largest producer of industrial wood pellets, a renewable and sustainable energy source produced by aggregating a natural resource, wood fiber, and processing it into a transportable form, wood pellets. Enviva owns and operates ten plants with a combined production capacity of approximately 6.2 million metric tons per year in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, and Mississippi, and is starting construction on its 11th plant, which will be located in Epes, Alabama. Enviva sells most of its wood pellets through long-term, take-or-pay off-take contracts with primarily creditworthy customers in the United Kingdom, the European Union, and Japan, helping to accelerate the energy transition and to decarbonize hard-to-abate sectors like steel, cement, lime, chemicals, and aviation fuels. Enviva exports its wood pellets to global markets through its deep-water marine terminals at the Port of Chesapeake, Virginia, the Port of Wilmington, North Carolina, and the Port of Pascagoula, Mississippi, and from third-party deep-water marine terminals in Savannah, Georgia, Mobile, Alabama, and Panama City, Florida.

Cautionary Note Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

The information included herein and in any oral statements made in connection herewith include forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. All statements, other than statements of present or historical fact included herein, are forward-looking statements, including statements regarding the completion, timing, and size of the proposed Offering and the anticipated use of proceeds thereof. When used herein, including any oral statements made in connection herewith, the words could, should, will, may, believe, anticipate, intend, estimate, expect, project, the negative of such terms, and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements, although not all forward-looking statements contain such identifying words. These forward-looking statements are based on managements current expectations and assumptions about future events and are based on currently available information as to the outcome and timing of future events. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, Enviva disclaims any duty to revise or update any forward-looking statements, all of which are expressly qualified by the statements in this section, to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof. Enviva cautions you that these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond the control of Enviva. These risks include, but are not limited to: (i) economic and market conditions during the course of the Offering; (ii) our ability to use the proceeds of the Offering in compliance with the conditions of the Bonds and Green Bond principles; and (iii) other factors, as described in Envivas filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC), including the detailed factors discussed under the heading Risk Factors in Envivas Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, as supplemented in the Companys Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2022.

Should one or more of the risks or uncertainties described herein and in any oral statements made in connection therewith occur, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results and plans could differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements. Additional information concerning these and other factors that may impact Envivas expectations and projections can be found in Envivas periodic filings with the SEC. Envivas SEC filings are available publicly on the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov.

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Enviva Prices $250 Million in Tax-Exempt Green Bonds - Business Wire