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Many large tech companies have already invested heavily in quantum technologies, yet significant adoption of quantum computing has had its share of delays and false starts. However, with some recent announcements in the quantum sector, now seems to be the ideal time for organizations to take a closer look at quantum and consider how this approach could work for their business workloads. Organizations that have been historically focused on classical computing are now positioning quantum for the future.

In an ESG IT spending survey, 11% of respondents indicated their organizations were piloting quantum for a few applications, 17% indicated they are testing and 24% of respondents have begun research but are years away from production apps. Finally, 27% have expressed an interest in quantum computing but have not taken any action toward embracing it.

This slow growth in adoption is about to change -- and possibly quickly. As leading organizations explore new ways to produce faster results, accelerate buying cycles and improve performance, they have become more open to shifting away from purely classical solutions to accelerate adoption of quantum.

The industry is also discovering new methods and use cases that can be applied from classical to quantum computing platforms. Take, for example, the recent merger between Quantum Computing Inc. (QCI) and QPhoton, a quantum photonics company. Bill McGann, COO and CTO at QCI, discussed the merger.

Based on the information he shared, it seems that the combination of QCI and QPhoton capabilities can deliver a quantum computer that makes quantum systems more accessible for organizations, so they can see business results faster and more cost effectively. Another benefit of this merger is that the companies are broadening the user base to non-quantum experts, many of whom have been anxiously awaiting the opportunity to explore quantum-possible problems in areas like analytical optimization and drug discovery.

Using a full-stack approach, QCI and QPhoton together offer a unique opportunity to accelerate the delivery of practical quantum applications. This is the same process that drove value in classical computing. The merger of the two companies extends the QCI portfolio to help accelerate the accessibility of quantum computing for today's use cases, such as AI and optimization. This also enables quantum computing to operate at room temperatures, which is often a challenge with this type of computing.

When it comes to the finance use case, one way to understand how to pivot from classical to quantum computing is to think through how algorithms work.

For example, take a traditional investor model. With a financial algorithm, you must understand and look at predefined user parameters, such as investment goals, risk tolerances and diversity of funds. In this scenario, the investor wants to understand the user's investment preferences and risk tolerances. This data is "parameterized" -- meaning variables are created and passed on to the quantum computing model, which could use an artificial intelligence model employed by the quantum-compliant Monte Carlo algorithm or other techniques to process the investor's instructions, analyze the global asset-universe stochastic data and produce corresponding investor-inquiry output results.

Another emerging focus or concept coming out of the investor model is enabling users to autonomously process and analyze stochastic financial asset data. An interface -- proprietary or not -- could enable users to provide predefined input parameters representing their investment preferences and risk-tolerance levels, and then produce independent customized solutions for each user.

Depending on the type of user inquiry or request for analysis, a version of AI -- such as autonomous dispersion analytics or autonomous diversification and allocation machine learning -- could deploy to process the instructions and analyze asset stochastic data. This process would be very difficult to achieve in classical computing environments.

As IBM chief quantum exponent Robert Sutor explained in a blog post from last July, "Quantum computers will solve some problems that are completely impractical for classical computers." This indicates that organizations plan to adopt quantum into their existing environments.

"[QCI is committed to be the] democratizing force that empowers non-quantum experts to realize quantum value," said Robert Liscouski, CEO of QCI. The recent acquisition of QPhoton accelerates this ease-of-use approach.

Here are some thoughts to consider:

Although it is still early days for quantum computing, vendors in this area -- such as HPE, Dell and IBM -- are seeing some interesting use cases, and they are exploring them with partners and customers. If they can couple quantum computers with HPC systems, hey believe quantum computers can accelerate certain workloads. In this model, quantum computing can become an accelerator attached to a standard HPC system.

So, who in corporate IT is buying quantum solutions? According to quantum companies, data scientists in education, scientist labs and researchers are the primary users, while common buyers include airline businesses, financial institutions and academia. The conversations focus on the top five applications for initial quantum, which include but are not limited to the following targeted sectors: optimization, research, crypto, finance, materials science and healthcare.

Microsoft is making headway with Azure Quantum without a huge investment of hardware. These emulators also have a consortium of companies backing them. QCI, Honeywell, Toshiba, IonQ and iCloud are vendors that discussed their approach, using Azure to achieve their goals.

Google Quantum AI is mostly based on a simulator, but its progress has slowed down since its initial launch in 2019. The Sycamore computer shows potential but is still in its early stage. Amazon Web Services has a quantum computing center focused on R&D, testing and operating quantum processors to innovate and scale tech to support new, large-scale initiatives.

Quantum defines its growth by three horizons:

The promise of the quantum computer has been coming for a long time -- and the concept is now becoming a reality. The use of scaling of qubits in real-world environments is showing real potential.

According to Investopedia, "Quantum computing is an area of computing focused on developing computer technology based on the principles of quantum theory (which explains the behavior of energy and material on the atomic and subatomic levels)." When we look at today's computers, they are designed to encode information in bits that use values of 1 or 0, therefore restricting their ability to achieve this next level of processing. Quantum is a completely new way of computing that differs significantly from what we do today on traditional classical systems.

There are many companies trying to get in front of this "wave" because quantum processing is incredibly fast. Solving today's problems would be completed in a fraction of time. However, not all use cases work with quantum. The traditional systems coexist with quantum systems now and will continue to do so in the future.

ESG is a division of TechTarget.

Read more from the original source:

What's the current state of quantum computing? - TechTarget

A quantum computer in a vibration-free building. Quantum computing will ultimately speed up the computational power that drives many industries and could affect everything from drug discovery to how data is secured.

Oliver Berg | Picture Alliance | Getty Images

Quantum computing was already gathering pace in Japan and elsewhere in Asia when the University of Tokyo and IBM launched their new quantum computer last year.

The computer was the second such system built outside the United States by IBM the latest in a string of key moves in quantum research.

The university and IBM have led the Quantum Innovation Initiative Consortium alongside heavyweights of Japanese industry like Toyota and Sony all with a view to nailing the quantum question.

Quantum computing refers to the use of quantum mechanics to run calculations. Quantum computing can run multiple processes at once by using quantum bits, unlike binary bits which power traditional computing.

The new technology will ultimately speed up the computational power that drives many industries and could affect everything from drug discovery to how data is secured. Several countries are racing to get quantum computers fully operational.

Christopher Savoie, CEO of quantum computing firm Zapata, who spent much of his career in Japan, said technological development has been very U.S.-centric. But now, Asian nations don't want to be left behind on quantum computing, he added.

"Nation states like India, Japan and China are very much interested in not being the only folks without a capability there. They don't want to see the kind of hegemony that's arisen where the large cloud aggregators by and large are only US companies," Savoie said, referring to the likes of Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure.

China, for example, has committed a great deal of brainpower to the quantum race. Researchers have touted breakthroughs and debates are simmering over whether China has surpassed the U.S. on some fronts.

India, for its part, announced plans earlier this year to invest $1 billion in a five-year plan to develop a quantum computer in the country.

James Sanders, an analyst at S&P Global Market Intelligence, told CNBC that governments around the world have been taking more interest in quantum computing in recent years.

In March, Sanders published a report that found governments have pledged around $4.2 billion to support quantum research. Some notable examples include South Korea's $40 million investment in the field and Singapore's Ministry of Education's funding of a research center, The Center for Quantum Technologies.

All of these efforts have a long lens on the future. And for some, the benefits of quantum can seem nebulous.

According to Sanders, the benefits of quantum computing aren't going to be immediately evident for everyday consumers.

What is likely to happen is that quantum computers will wind up utilized in designing products that consumers eventually buy.

James Sanders

analyst, S&P Global Market Intelligence

"On a bad day, I'm talking people down from the idea of quantum cell phones. That's not realistic, that's not going to be a thing," he said.

"What is likely to happen is that quantum computers will wind up utilized in designing products that consumers eventually buy."

There are two major areas where quantum's breakthrough will be felt industry and defense.

A staff member of tech company Q.ant puts a chip for quantum computing in a test station in Stuttgart, Germany, on Sept. 14, 2021. It's expected that the power of quantum computing will be able to decrypt RSA encryption, one of the most common encryption methods for securing data.

Thomas Kienzle | Afp | Getty Images

"Areas where you have HPC [high-performance computing] are areas where we will be seeing quantum computers having an impact. It's things like material simulation, aerodynamic simulation, these kinds of things, very high, difficult computational problems, and then machine learning artificial intelligence," Savoie said.

In pharmaceuticals, traditional systems for calculating the behavior of drug molecules can be time-consuming. The speed of quantum computing could rapidly increase these processes around drug discovery and, ultimately, the timeline for drugs coming to market.

On the flip side, quantum could present security challenges. As computing power advances, so too does the risk to existing security methods.

"The longer-term [motivation] but the one that that everyone recognizes as an existential threat, both offensively and defensively, is the cryptography area. RSA will be eventually compromised by this," Savoie added.

RSA refers to one of the most common encryption methods for securing data, developed in 1977, that could be upended by quantum's speed. It is named after its inventors Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman.

You're seeing a lot of interest from governments and communities that don't want to be the last people on the block to have that technology because [other nations] will be able to decrypt our messages.

Christopher Savoie

CEO of Zapata

"You're seeing a lot of interest from governments and communities that don't want to be the last people on the block to have that technology because [other nations] will be able to decrypt our messages," Savoie said.

Magda Lilia Chelly, chief information security officer at Singaporean cybersecurity firm Responsible Cyber, told CNBC that there needs to be a twin track of encryption and quantum research and development so that security isn't outpaced.

"Some experts believe that quantum computers will eventually be able to break all forms of encryption, while others believe that new and more sophisticated forms of encryption will be developed that cannot be broken by quantum computers," Chelly said.

A quantum processor on a prototype of a quantum computer. There needs to be a twin track of encryption and quantum research and development so that security isn't outpaced, said Magda Lilia Chelly, chief information security officer at Singaporean cybersecurity firm Responsible Cyber.

Julian Stratenschulte/dpa | Picture Alliance | Getty Images

"In particular, [researchers] have been looking at ways to use quantum computers to factor large numbers quickly. This is important because many of the modern encryption schemes used today rely on the fact that it is very difficult to factor large numbers," she added.

If successful, this would make it possible to break most current encryption schemes, making it possible to unlock messages that are encrypted.

Sanders said the development and eventual commercialization of quantum computing will not be a straight line.

Issues like the threat to encryption can garner attention from governments, but research and breakthroughs, as well as mainstream interest, can be "stop-start," he said.

Progress can also be affected by fluctuating interest of private investors as quantum computing won't deliver a quick return on investment.

"There are a lot of situations in this industry where you might have a lead for a week and then another company will come out with another type of the advancement and then everything will go quiet for a little bit."

Another looming challenge for quantum research is finding the right talent with specific skills for this research.

"Quantum scientists that can do quantum computing don't grow on trees," Savoie said, adding that cross-border collaboration is necessary in the face of competing government interests.

"Talent is global. People don't get to choose what country they're born in or what nationality they have."

See more here:

The race toward a new computing technology is heating up and Asia is jumping on the trend - CNBC

There are a few ways to access real quantum computers often for free over the Internet. However, most of these are previous-generation machines that have limited capabilities. Great for learning, perhaps, but not something you could do anything practical with. Xanadu, however, has announced what they claim to be a computer capable of reaching quantum advantage that is free for anyone to use, within limits. Borealis the computer in question uses photonic states and has the capability of working with over 216 squeezed-state qubits.

The company is selling time on the computer, but the free tier includes 5 million free shots on Borealis and 10 million shots on an earlier series of quantum computers. You can also buy pay-as-you go service for about $100 per million shots on Borealis.

While a few million shots may sound like a lot, we noticed that the quickstart demo consumes 10,000 shots and thats presumably something simple. Thats still about 500 runs of that on Borealis not bad for free on a state-of-the-art quantum computer. You will be wanting to debug with a simulator, though.

We presume the developers are Beatles fans given that you use software called Penny Lane and Strawberry Fields to access the machines. Your job is controlled by Python and there is a cloud simulator to save your shots.

We wont pretend to understand all there is about squeezed light qubits and the Borealis architecture. But you can get some general practice in our series on quantum computing. Or there are a few lectures around including one that aims at different levels of experience.

Read this article:

Quantum Computing: The First Taste Is Free - Hackaday

The following is a Q&A originally published on Taking Measure, the official blog of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Photo credit: NIST.

As the rise of quantum computers becomes the subject of more and more news articles especially those that prophesy these devices ability to crack the encryption that protects secure messages, such as our bank transfers its illuminating to speak with one of the quantum experts who is actually developing the ideas behind these as-yet-unrealized machines. Whereas ordinary computers work with bits of data that can be either 0 or 1, quantum computers work with bits called qubits that can be 0 and 1 simultaneously, enabling them to perform certain functions exponentially faster, such as trying out the different keys that can break encryption.

Simple quantum computers already exist, but it has been extremely challenging to build powerful versions of them. Thats because the quantum world is so delicate; the tiniest disturbances from the outside world, such as stray electrical signals, can cause a quantum computer to crash before it can carry out useful calculations.

National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) public affairs specialist Chad Boutin interviewed Alexey Gorshkov, a NIST theorist at NIST/University of MarylandsJoint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science(QuICS) andJoint Quantum Institute, who works at the intersection of physics and computer science research. His efforts are helping in the design of quantum computers, revealing what capabilities they might possess, and showing why we all should be excited about their creation.

We all hear about quantum computers and how many research groups around the world are trying to help build them. What has your theoretical work helped clarify about what they can do and how?

I work on ideas for quantum computer hardware. Quantum computers will be different from the classical computers we all know, and they will use memory units called qubits. One thing I do is propose ideas for various qubit systems made up of different materials, such as neutral atoms. I also talk about how to make logic gates, and how to connect qubits into a big computer.

Another thing my group does is propose quantum algorithms: software that one can potentially run on a quantum computer. We also study large quantum systems and figure out which ones have promise for doing useful computations faster than is possible with classical computers. So, our work covers a lot of ground, but theres a lot to do. You have this big, complicated beast in front of you and youre trying to chip away at it with whatever tools you have.

You focus on quantum systems. What are they?

I usually start by saying, at very small scales the world obeys quantum mechanics. People know about atoms and electrons, which are small quantum systems. Compared to the big objects we know, they are peculiar because they can be in two seemingly incompatible states at once, such as particles being in two places at the same time. The way these systems work is weird at first, but you get to know them.

Large systems, made up of a bunch of atoms, are different from individual particles. Those weird quantum effects we want to harness are hard to maintain in bigger systems. Lets say you have one atom thats working as a quantum memory bit. A small disturbance like a nearby magnetic field has a chance of causing the atom to lose its information. But if you have 500 atoms working together, that disturbance is 500 times as likely to cause a problem. Thats why classical physics worked well enough for so many years: Because classical effects overwhelm weird quantum effects so easily, usually classical physics is enough for us to understand the big objects we know from our everyday life.

What were doing is trying to understand and build large quantum systems that stay quantum something we specialists call coherent even when they are large. We want to combine lots of ingredients, say 300 qubits, and yet ensure that the environment doesnt mess up the quantum effects we want to harness. Large coherent systems that are not killed by the environment are hard to create or even simulate on a classical computer, but coherence is also what will make the large systems powerful as quantum computers.

What is compelling about a large quantum system?

One of the first motivations for trying to understand large quantum systems is potential technological applications. So far quantum computers havent done anything useful, but people think they will very soon and its very interesting. A quantum internet would be a secure internet, and it also would allow you to connect many quantum computers to make them more powerful. Im fascinated by these possibilities.

Its also fascinating because of fundamental physics. You try to understand why this system does some funny stuff. I think a lot of scientists just enjoy doing that.

Why are you personally so interested in quantum research?

I got my first exposure to it after my junior year in college. I quickly found it has a great mix of math, physics, computer science and interactions with experimentalists. The intersection of all these fields is why its so much fun. I like seeing the connections. You end up pulling an idea from one field and applying it to another and it becomes this beautiful thing.

Lots of people worry that a quantum computer will be able to break all our encryption, revealing all our digitized secrets. What are some less worrying things they might be able to do that excite you?

Before I get into what excites me, let me say first that its important to remember that not all of our encryption will break. Some encryption protocols are based on math problems that will be vulnerable to a quantum computer, but other protocols arent. NISTs post-quantum cryptography project is working on encryption algorithms that could foil a quantum computer.

As for what excites me, lots does! But here are a couple of examples.

One thing we can do is simulation. We might be able to simulate really complicated things in chemistry, materials science and nuclear physics. If you have a big complex chemical reaction and you want to figure out how its taking place, you have to be able to simulate a big molecule that has lots of electrons in a cloud around it. Its a mess, and its hard to study. A quantum computer can in principle answer these questions. So maybe you could use it to find a new drug.

Another possibility is finding better solutions to what are called classical optimization problems, which give classical computers a lot of trouble. An example is, What are more efficient ways to direct shipments in a complex supply chain network? Its not clear whether quantum computers will be able to answer this question any better than classical computers, but theres hope.

A follow-up to the previous question: If quantum computers arent actually built yet, how do we know anything about their abilities?

We know or think we know the microscopic quantum theory that qubits rely on, so if you put these qubits together, we can describe their capabilities mathematically, and that would tell us what quantum computers might be able to do. Its a combination of math, physics and computer science. You just use the equations and go to town.

There are skeptics who say that there might be effects we dont know about yet that would destroy the ability of large systems to remain coherent. Its unlikely that these skeptics are right, but the way to disprove them is to run experiments on larger and larger quantum systems.

Are you chasing a particular research goal? Any dreams youd like to realize someday, and why?

The main motivation is a quantum computer that does something useful. Were living in an exciting time. But another motivation is just having fun. As a kid in eighth grade, I would try to solve math problems for fun. I just couldnt stop working on them. And as you have fun, you discover things. The types of problems we are solving now are just as fun and exciting to me.

Lastly, why NIST? Why is working at a measurement lab on this research so important?

Quantum is at the heart of NIST, and its people are why. We have top experimentalists here including multipleNobel laureates. NIST gives us the resources to do great science. And its good to work for a public institution, where you can serve society.

In many ways, quantum computing came out of NIST and measurement: It came out of trying to build better clocks.Dave Winelands work with ions is important here.Jun Yes work with neutral atoms is too. Their work led to the development of amazing control over ions and neutral atoms, and this is very important for quantum computing.

Measurement is at the heart of quantum computing. An exciting open question that lots of people are working on is how to measure the quantum advantage, as we call it. Suppose someone says, Here is a quantum computer, but just how big is its advantage over a classical computer? Were proposing how to measure that.

More here:

What's So Great About Quantum Computing? A Q&A with NIST Theorist Alexey Gorshkov - HPCwire

Quantum Computing in Aerospace & Defense Market Research Report: Information by Component (Hardware, Software, and Services), Application (Quantum Key Distribution [QKD], Quantum Cryptanalysis, and Quantum Sensing), and Region (North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa)Forecast till 2027

Market Highlights

TheQuantum Computing in Aerospace & Defense Marketis estimated to register phenomenal growth during the forecast period. The demand for advanced computing and investments in the defense industry are expected to drive market growth. Moreover, the need to upgrade military digital infrastructure is estimated to propel market growth during the forecast period.

Quantum computing is currently in development with many countries investing in the technology to gain first-mover advantage. For instance, in April 2019, the Canadian government invested USD 30.4 million in quantum computing research. In April 2019, Zapata, a technology company, raised USD 21 million in funding from Prelude Ventures and Comcast Ventures to develop quantum computing software solutions for various hardware platforms. The company is expected to use the funding to develop quantum computing applications that would include a combination of machine learning and computational chemistry.

The globalQuantum Computing In Aerospace & Defense MarketHasbeen segmented on the basis of component, application, and region.

On the basis of component, the market has been divided into hardware, software, and services. The hardware segment is expected to be the largest while the software segment is projected to register the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Significant investments in the research and development of quantum computing are expected to drive the growth of the market.

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By application, the global quantum computing in aerospace & defense market has been classified as quantum key distribution (QKD), quantum cryptanalysis, and quantum sensing. The quantum key distribution (QKD) segment is estimated to be the largest and fastest-growing during the forecast period. QKD solutions are currently at a nascent stage and are expected to be widely commercialized during the forecast period, which is projected to drive the growth of the segment.

Based on region, the global quantum computing in aerospace & defense market has been segmented into North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East & Africa. North America dominated the global market in 2018; the regional market is expected to register the highest CAGR during the forecast period. The presence of key players such as Bombardier Inc. and AAR Corp. in North America is expected to encourage market growth.

Key Players

The key players in the global quantum computing in aerospace & defense market are D-Wave Systems Inc. (US), Station Q-Microsoft Corporation (US), Qxbranch LLC (US), Cambridge Quantum Computing Ltd (UK), 1qb Information Technologies Inc. (Canada), QC Ware Corp. (US), IBM Corporation (US), Magiq Technologies Inc. (US), and Rigetti Computing (US).

Browse Complete [emailprotected]https://www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/quantum-computing-aerospace-defense-market-7788

Table Of Contents

1.1. Market Attractiveness Analysis

1.1.1. Global Quantum Computing In Aerospace & Defense Market, By Component

1.1.2. Global Quantum Computing In Aerospace & Defense Market, By Application

1.1.3. Global Quantum Computing In Aerospace & Defense Market, By Region

2.1. Market Definition

2.2. Scope Of The Study

2.3. Market Structure

2.4. Key Buying Criteria

2.5. Market Factor Indicator Analysis

3.1. Research Process

3.2. Primary Research

3.3. Secondary Research

3.4. Market Size Estimation

3.5. Forecast Model

3.6. List Of Assumptions

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Drivers

5.3. Restraints

5.4. Opportunities

5.5. Challenges

5.6. Market/Technological Trends

5.7. Patent Trends

5.8. Regulatory Landscape/Standards

6.1. Value Chain/Supply Chain Analysis

6.1.1. R&D

6.1.2. Manufacturing

6.1.3. Distribution & Sales

6.1.4. Post-Sales Monitoring

6.2. Porters Five Forces Analysis

6.2.1. Threat Of New Entrants

6.2.2. Bargaining Power Of Buyers

6.2.3. Threat Of Substitutes

6.2.4. Competitive Rivalry

6.2.5. Bargaining Power Of Supplies

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Quantum Computing in Aerospace and Defense Market Growth, with Covid-19 Impact Analysis, And Forecast 2027 - Digital Journal