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Daily Archives: April 17, 2022
GA Cohen Showed Why We Should All Be Socialists – Jacobin magazine
Posted: April 17, 2022 at 11:54 pm
At the beginning of his short book Why Not Socialism?, G.A. Cohen asks the reader to think about a group of friends going on a camping trip together. He doesnt describe anything out of the ordinary. The friends find a site and set up a tent. Some of them fish, some of them cook, they all go on hikes, and so on.
What Cohen wants the reader to notice is that the way this trip is run looks a lot like how socialists think society should be run. The pots and pans and fishing poles and soccer balls, for example, are treated as collective property even if they belong to individual campers. When the fish are caught and cooked, everyone gets to partake equally of the result of the collective effort, free of charge. Cohens hypothetical campers act this way not because of anything especially noble about them, but because this is how any group of friends would act on a camping trip.
To make the point more sharply, he invites us to imagine a far less normal camping trip one thats run according to the principles of a capitalist market economy. One of the campers (Sylvia) discovers an apple tree. When she comes back to tell the others, theyre excited that theyll all be able to enjoy apple sauces, apple pie, and apple strudel. Certainly they can, Sylvia confirms provided, of course . . . that you reduce my labor burden, and/or provide me with more room in the tent, and/or with more bacon at breakfast.
Another camper, Harry, is very good at fishing, and so in exchange for his services he demands that he be allowed to dine exclusively on perch instead of the mixture of perch and catfish everyone else is eating. Another, Morgan, lays claim to a pond with especially good fish because he claims that his grandfather dug and stocked it with those fish on another camping trip decades ago.
No normal person, Cohen notes, would tolerate such behavior. They would insist on what he calls a socialist way of life. Why, then, shouldnt we want to organize an entire economy around the same principles?
Many defenders of capitalism would insist that, however obnoxious or unacceptable it would be to treat your friends this way, people still have a right to assert private property claims including claims to private property in the means of production and that it would be unacceptably authoritarian for a future socialist society to abridge such rights. Cohen doesnt spend any time in Why Not Socialism? on this defense, perhaps because he addresses it at length in two of his other books, Self-Ownership, Freedom, and Equality and History, Labour, and Freedom.
Instead, he devotes the later chapters of Why Not Socialism? to objections that even some progressives might have about whether socialist principles can scale up from a camping trip to an entire economy. Is whats possible among a small group of friends really possible for a whole society? What about economic calculation problems? What about human nature?
Cohen takes these challenges seriously, but cautions against premature defeatism. He admits that its possible that the closest well get to the fully marketless economic planning modeled by the camping trip on a society-wide scale is some sort of market socialism although he thinks its premature to rule out the possibility of going further than that.
Either way, Cohens view is that the ideal is one worth striving for. Even if we dont get all the way there, a society that more closely approximates the way of life found on the camping trip would be better than one further from it.
Why Not Socialism? was published in 2009, the year Cohen died. Five years later, libertarian philosopher Jason Brennan came out with a critique entitled Why Not Capitalism?
In it Brennan argues that instead of looking at the flaws of actually existing socialism and those of actually existing capitalism, Cohen was weighing a socialist ideal against the warts-and-all version of capitalism. Such a lopsided comparison, he thinks, proves nothing.
Brennan illustrates the point by discussing the animated Disney show Mickey Mouse Clubhouse (not to be confused with the older variety show The Mickey Mouse Club). In a parody of Cohens camping trip chapter, Brennan describes the show as it actually is everyone seems to be friends with everyone else and there doesnt seem to be any poverty or serious social distress, but it looks like a regular market economy. Minnie Mouse owns a factory and store for hair bows called the Bowtique, Clarabelle Cow is a reasonably successful entrepreneur (she owns both a sundries store called the Moo Mart and a Moo Muffin factory), and Donald Duck and Willie the Giant both own their own farms.
Brennan then asks the reader to imagine a hypothetical version of the Mickey Mouse Clubhouse Village where some of the villagers started doing what Stalinist regimes did in the name of socialism. Donald forcibly collectivizes all farmland like Stalin did in 1929, Clarabelle Cow starts a secret police force, and so on. Obviously, that would be horrible!
If you dont think this hypothetical proves anything about capitalism and socialism, Brennan writes, you shouldnt think Cohens camping trip argument does either. In both cases, the problem is that like isnt being compared to like. And Brennan further argues that, even as an ideal, capitalism is better than socialism because in a laissez-faire capitalist world, anyone who wanted to secede and form a commune with their own preferred rules could do so.
There are three problems with Brennans argument. First, he is not comparing like to like in his attempt to satirize Cohen. After all, Cohen isnt describing some idealized fantasy of a camping trip; hes describing the kind of camping trip that untold numbers of people go on every year. They all work the way Cohen describes. The Mickey Mouse Clubhouse Village is a trippy sci-fi fantasy of animals interacting in a half-imagined society, one where its unclear whether a state exists or what sorts of labor laws or regulations it potentially enforces. To compare like to like, Brennan would have had to find a mundane experience that many readers have had, or at least are very familiar with, where a capitalist way of life would be obviously preferable.
Second, Cohen isnt contrasting the small-scale implementation of socialist ideals with the worst things that have been done in the name of capitalism. Sylvias insistence on her property rights stops the other campers from getting apple strudel she isnt denying any of them life-saving medications because they cant afford to pay. No one hires other campers to stack firewood for them and then hires Pinkertons to beat or kill the firewood stackers when they go on strike. Cohen doesnt come up with a camping trip version of the British East India company or the enclosures that drove peasants off their land and made them desperate enough to take jobs in early factories or Adolf Hitlers declaration of emergency powers to protect Germany from the threat of left-wing revolution.
Instead, all of Cohens examples are examples of people asserting exactly the kinds of economic rights that defenders of capitalism are eager to endorse the kind that everyone would have in Brennans libertarian ideal of capitalism! Morgans grandfather passed on his property to his descendants, Sylvia is asserting her property rights in the means of apple strudel production as the initial discoverer of a piece of unowned property, and the other two are simply trying to bargain for the best deal they can get in a free market.
If Brennan wanted to seriously engage with Cohens argument, hed have to explain why, if its not okay to act this way on a camping trip, it wouldnt even be desirable to try to figure out a different way to organize a society.
Cohen thinks that whats wrong with introducing a capitalist way of life into a camping trip and with it serving as the guiding principle for an economy is that capitalism fails to live up to an ideal that its defenders often tout: equality of opportunity. In each case, some people are doing worse than others due to factors outside their control not having seen the apple tree first, not having a grandfather who bequeathed the particularly good fishing pond, or just not being lucky enough to have been born with the same skills as their friends.
Similarly, Cohen thinks, no one deserves a worse life just because they didnt grow up in a rich family or they werent born with the skills that allow some to climb up the social ladder. He contrasts bourgeois equality of opportunity, meaning that there are no formal impediments to anyone succeeding (for example, racial discrimination) and even left-liberal equality of opportunity, which attempts to go beyond bourgeois equality of opportunity with programs like Head Start that compensate for certain social disadvantages, with socialist equality of opportunity the principle that no one should have a worse life due to factors outside of their control.
If different people, for example, want to make different decisions about how many hours to work and how much leisure to enjoy, its not unjust to reward more industrious choices with greater consumption. But no one should have a worse life because of who their parents were or how well they do on tests. Cohen supplements this with a socialist principle of community: if you recognize other people as part of your community, youll try to make sure they dont suffer too much even from bad choices they make of their own free will.
Id argue Cohens list of principles is somewhat incomplete. Historically, socialists have, for very good reasons, emphasized equality of power (although, to be fair, Cohen writes eloquently elsewhere about the unfreedom that workers suffer under capitalism).
I also wish hed read about other models of what socialism could look like. As an achievable halfway house between capitalism and completely marketless, moneyless camping-trip-style socialism, Cohen discusses John Roemers scheme under which every citizen would be awarded equal stock ownership, but Cohen doesnt seem to be aware of, for example, the slightly more radical conception of market socialism advanced by David Schweickart. I wish he had, because in implementing democratic control at the workplace, Schweickarts conception comes closer to Cohens ideal while still seeming realistic in the short term.
Despite these minor defects, Why Not Socialism? is an excellent introduction to socialist ideals. The form of presentation is intuitive and even deceptively simple, while the underlying arguments are careful and sophisticated. You can finish it in an hour, and Cohens points will linger in your head for years. Read it.
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Thomas Piketty Is Right Out of Ayn Rands Nightmare – The Wall Street Journal
Posted: at 11:53 pm
All creations of wealth in history have issued from a collective process, writes Thomas Piketty in his book A Brief History of Equality (Tunku Varadarajan, Books, April 9). Arguing for aggressive redistribution of the spoils of capitalism, Mr. Piketty writes that this collective process includes the division of labor, the use of global natural resources, and the accumulation of knowledge since the beginnings of humanity.
This recalls Dr. Floyd Ferris in Ayn Rands Atlas Shrugged, a dystopian novel. A mans brain is a social product. A sum of influences that hes picked up from those around him, Ferris says. Nobody invents anything, he merely reflects whats floating in the social atmosphere. A genius is an intellectual scavenger and a greedy hoarder of the ideas which rightfully belong to society, from which he stole them. All thought is theft. If we do away with private fortunes, well have a fairer distribution of wealth. If we do away with genius, well have a fairer distribution of ideas.
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What’s making us happy: A guide to your weekend reading and viewing WABE – WABE 90.1 FM
Posted: at 11:51 pm
This week, Alyssa Nakken became the first woman to coach on the field in MLB history, Dolly Partons cake mixes and frosting line became available in stores, and the Kardashians returned.
Heres what NPRs Pop Culture Happy Hour crew was paying attention to and what you should check out this weekend.
I am loving Julia on HBO Max. Its a mini-series following Julia Childs rise from cookbook author to TV personality, and it shows her and her marriage in a light that I havent seen before. Her frustrations, insecurities, ambition, and swearing are all front and center.
The show is also just a feast for the eyes. Its got all those colorful 1960s sets and costumes. Everything is beautiful, the cast is terrific, and I cannot say enough good things about Julia. Kristen Meinzer
Jerrod Carmichaels Rothaniel is his latest stand-up special for HBO, and it is a complete 180 from The Carmichael Show. He leaves himself exposed in a way that I havent seen from him or from most comedians, really.
In the special, as you might have heard, Carmichael comes out as gay. I love the way he talks about his coming out process because I feel like a lot of pop culture treats it as a sort of one-and-done situation. You have the dining room table conversation with your parents and you never have to come out again, you just move on with your life. And thats not his story. And especially as a 34-year-old coming out that adds a whole other level of complication. I just found it so lovely and so breathtakingly honest. And Bo Burnham, who directed the special, adds so many interesting visual departures from what we generally expect of stand-up specials. It was incredible. Inkoo Kang
Everyone needs to watch Everything Everywhere All at Once. Ive watched it maybe three times already and it is one of the best movies Ive seen, maybe ever.
It talks about family, motherhood, love and nihilism. It touches on how maybe nothing matters, but also everything does and it really makes you appreciate the important things in your life. The movie made me laugh, it made me cry, it made me angry, and basically, just feel every emotion Ive ever felt and ever could feel in my entire life. I would highly recommend it. Laura Sirikul
Our Flag Means Death is a fantastic comedy series on HBO Max. Imagine, if you will, the sensibility of What We Do In the Shadows and Wellington Paranormal brought to the genre that is: swashbuckling pirate. Its not a mockumentary, but it does have that Taika Waititi essence to it and is based on a true story, which is maybe the weirdest thing about it.
Rhys Darby, finally getting the spotlight hes always deserved, plays Gentleman Pirate Stede Bonnet, a nobleman who really did wake up one day and decided to become a pirate and did, eventually, meet up with Blackbeard, played in the show by Taika Waititi. This show knows exactly the vibe its going for and nails it from the jump. It is so assured and so smart and so deeply queer, so it gets my highest recommendation. Glen Weldon
NPR intern Fi OReilly adapted the Pop Culture Happy Hour segment Whats Making Us Happy into a digital page. If you like these suggestions, consider signing up for our newsletter to get recommendations every week.
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What's making us happy: A guide to your weekend reading and viewing WABE - WABE 90.1 FM
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Time Is a Mother by Ocean Vuong review writing that demands all of your lungs – The Guardian
Posted: at 11:51 pm
The parent-child relationship has been the nucleus of 33-year-old Ocean Vuongs writing. The American poets family fled Vietnam to a refugee camp in the Philippines before migrating to the US. His father abandoned them. His mother worked in a nail salon. In one of the most compelling poems in his Forward prize-winning 2017 debut collection, Night Sky With Exit Wounds, he imagines dragging his fathers body out of the sea, turning him over, and seeing a gunshot wound in his back. His 2019 novel, On Earth Were Briefly Gorgeous, is a series of letters from a Vietnamese-American son to his illiterate mother a tale that mirrors much of Vuongs own life. Time Is a Mother is his second poetry collection, and was written in the aftermath of his mothers death.
Theres something about Vuongs writing that demands all of your lungs. The succinct line arrangement and absence of full stops in poems such as Dear Rose force you to breathe heavy, as throughout this episodic poem Vuong talks tenderly to his dead mother about her journey as an immigrant from Vietnam to the US. He fills the poem with vivid imagery: flying bullets, corpses, Wonder Bread dipped in condensed milk and the fermentation of fish. He also wonders if shes still illiterate:
you bought me pencils reader I couldnot speak so I wrote myself intosilence where I stood waiting for you Ma to read me do you read me now
Being led by urge and compulsion feels central to the emotional landscape of Time Is a Mother, sometimes to the point of recklessness. The painterly opener, The Bull, sets the tone for this sense of wild abandon. The narrator of the poem is bewitched by the bulls beauty; its kerosene-blue eyes and fur so dark it purples the night around it. I had no choice. I opened the door.
Vuong, to varying degrees, illustrates what it means to be out of control. Some of the moments feel like stock images; playing air guitar in a backwards wedding dress as seen in Beautiful Short Loser, or hitting rock-bottom in my fast car going nowhere, in The Last Prom Queen in Antarctica. But its the candid, unphotogenic angles with bad lighting that are the most memorable, as in Rise & Shine, where he touches on drug addiction.
Scraped the last $8.48from the glass jar.Your days worth of tipsat the nail salon. Enoughfor one hit.
Poems like American Legend reveal the heights of Vuongs self-destruction. Here, we see the lengths one might go to for intimacy, as a son crashes his car to get physically closer to his father.
he slammedinto me &we huggedfor the first timein decades.
Still, underneath the macabre scenes is an innocent curiosity and thirst for truth and beauty. These ghost poems are about the cavernous corners of loss, grief, abandonment, trauma and war, but that doesnt result in nihilism or apathy for life; in fact, Vuong approaches death like an entrance rather than an ending. I was made to die but Im here to stay, he asserts in The Last Dinosaur.
Not Even is packed with laconic matter-of-fact sentences that blast. He writes with an audacious energy here. Sentences such as Some call this prayer, I call it watch your mouth, feel like one liners. He fills the poem with pregnant pauses, sometimes suffixing phrases with Ha to inspire awkward laughter. Absurdity is in abundance in this poem, but its the way Vuong uses comedic timing that surprisingly provides the most arresting and evocative moment:
Rose, I whispered as they zipped my mother in her body bag, get out of there.Your plants are dying.
You may have heard these stories about Vuongs life, his family history, and the tragedies of his people who lay mangled under the Time photographers shadow before. You may well hear them again in the future, but because Vuong plays with time by the millisecond slowing down or speeding up old memories or conversations he uncovers new enlightening details that have a life of their own.
He stood alone in the backyard, so dark the night purpled around him.I had no choice. I opened the door& stepped out. Windin the branches. He watched me with kerosene-blue eyes. What do you want? I asked, forgetting I had no language. He kept breathing,to stay alive. I was a boy which meant I was a murdererof my childhood. & like all murderers, my godwas stillness. My god, he was stillthere. Like something prayed forby a man with no mouth. The green-blue lamp swirled in its socket. I didntwant him. I didnt want him tobe beautiful but needing beautyto be more than hurt gentleenough to hold, I reached for him. I reached not the bull but the depths. Not an answer butan entrance the shape ofan animal. Like me.
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Everything Everywhere All at Once’s Influences, Explained – Vulture
Posted: at 11:51 pm
Warning: Spoilers! Moreover, this post wont make a ton of sense if you havent seen the movie.
In the mind-bend-y, meta-narrative, sci-fi/comedy-drama/martial arts extravaganza Everything Everywhere All at Once (which arrived to ecstatic reviews in theaters nationwide Friday), it is perhaps fitting that an everything bagel of all things should be deployed as a doomsday device. Michelle Yeoh plays Evelyn, a scatterbrained laundromat owner with mounting debt and a crumbling marriage, who finds herself unwittingly thrust into the multiverse: literally tripping and kung-fu kicking her way across multiple dimensions, tapping into the power of alternate selves via verse jumping and, incidentally, trying to prevent the destruction of reality as we know it. The vehicle for that destruction: an obnoxiously literal bagel created by Evelyns nemesis, the nihilistic god-queen Jobu Tupaki (Stephanie Hsu), imbued with the power to suck everything into its black-hole-like vortex of nothingness. Um yeah!
EEAAOs writer-directors, Daniels Daniel Kwan and Daniel Scheinert cram in a truly absurd number of outside cinematic references, visual allusions, non sequiturs, in-jokes, and cultural flotsam harvested from distant fringes of the internet because, as they put it, This movie is about everything. The pair single out Hong Kong cinematic sensualist Wong Kar-wai (for whom Everything Everywhere All at Once co-star Ke Huy Quan formerly served as as an assistant director) for special appreciation, along with the chef-protagonist of the animated rat romp Ratatouille (who is chopped and screwed by Daniels into a deliciously bizarre anthropomorphic animal called Raccacoonie).
The self-described maximalist filmmakers rose to fame directing such sublimely insane music videos as DJ Snakes Turn Down for What (a twerking odyssey starring Kwan) and the Sundance Directors Awardwinning surrealist dramedy Swiss Army Man (in which Daniel Radcliffe stars as a farting corpse). Here, they walk us through their inspirations the magical thinking, scientific calculations, beloved relatives, appreciation for Asian American culture creators, and competency porn that resulted in Everything Everywhere All at Once.
EEAAOunfolds within a multiverse where multiple iterations of the same character exist in separate but parallel planes of time and space but come into dynamic confrontation with one another.
Daniel Scheinert: I started doing research into the multiverse in 2010. I was watching the documentary Shermans March.
Daniel Kwan: In this weird, self-destructive movie, the documentarian/protagonist Ross McElwee is bouncing between women. But one he meets is a linguist and she talks about modal realism. And I started doing more research radical learning about the multiverse theory. Just the idea in almost every single art form or medium that there is a version where theyre trying to tackle infinity. Of course quantum physics has its own version of that. Mathematics has its own. So all these different mediums are trying to point towards infinity. Thats really appealing to us because were maximalist filmmakers. The multiverse became a vessel for us to point at infinity in a way that most other premises probably wouldnt allow for.
Scheinert: As silly as our movies are, we enjoy reading pop science.
Kwan: Then, as we were working on the movie, Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse came out. It was a little upsetting because we were like, Oh shit, everyones going to beat us to this thing weve been working on.
Scheinert: I feel like Rick and Morty was the first.
Kwan: Yeah. It was actually hard to watch because we had already been working on the draft for a while. Watching the second season of Rick and Morty was really painful. I was like, Theyve already done all the ideas we thought were original! It was a really frustrating experience. So I stopped watching Rick and Morty while we were writing this project.
In one alternate universe, the disheveled Evelyn is an A-list movie star and her nerdy, fanny packwearing husband, Waymond, is an illustrious businessman resplendent in a perfectly tailored suit. They meet for a street-corner rendezvous backdropped by falling rain and a saxophone soundtrack conjuring a mood of exquisite romantic yearning that will be instantly recognizable to the Criterion Collection set as touchstones of Hong Kong art-house auteur Wong Kar-wai.
Kwan: We could have easily gone into parody with this. A lot of time when people are doing allusions, theyre usually shooting for the most recognizable references so that everyone can be like, Oh, I know what that is and now Im in on the joke. This was less about parody and more just playing with the genre, playing with all the things that we love and using the multiverse to let them all collide.
Scheinert: Wong Kar-wai leans heavily on imagery, not just dialogue. So we were just trying to create a shorthand for the audience even if they dont get the reference. We wanted to make sure they had some ways to tell the universes apart.
Kwan: We both grew up loving kung-fu movies, loving anime, Wong Kar-wai, all these things. A lof of it just happens to be Asian: Asian stories made by Asian creators.
Scheinert: Those stories, those filmmakers, and those movies felt useful to pair up with these characters.
The movies craziest fight sequence takes place in an IRS auditors office where Evelyn now possessed of high-level kung-fu skills must face off against guards attempting to level up against her by bearing down, rectum first, on IRS trophies shaped like sex toys in order to unleash hidden strength and combat capacities.
Scheinert: Late in the writing process, Dan pointed out that, in this concept of verse-jumping where you have to do something crazy or strange or statistically unlikely to jump, we never had a scene where anyone was fighting over the weird action. We didnt milk the premise as much as we could.
Kwan: The trope is usually two people are fighting and then the gun gets knocked out of the hand and then theyre struggling to fight over the gun.
Scheinert: Its like the doomsday device: What would be the weirdest thing to fight over? We spitballed and settled onto trying to get something into your butt is pretty funny. We could do it very high stakes. But it could also be Jackie Chan playful.
Late in the film, Evelyn and her daughter, Joy (Stephanie Hsu) who is also Jobu Tupaki verse-jump away from the Sturm und Drang of previous scenes to a universe where they can peacefully coexist as small, round boulders overlooking a gorgeous Grand Canyonesque vista. But of course the mother-daughter bickering does not end there.
Kwan: The rock thing comes from a confluence of things. Theres a childrens book called Sylvester and the Magic Pebble. A donkey turns into a rock and basically is isolated from his family. One of our friends is an animator and video-game maker named David OReilly. He made this game called Everything. Its a game where you can literally play as anything. Literally, you can be a toenail clipping, you can be a fire hydrant, you can be an antelope, you can be a rock. And theres maybe a dozen different kind of rocks you can be. Just rolling around
Scheinert: just feels good.
Kwan: It feels good and that is really beautiful. The whole purpose of the game is you have to look at it and not press anything. Its a game where the longer you dont press anything
Scheinert: the more you progress.
Kwan: He called it a relax-em-up instead of a shoot-em-up. The last thing is, I remember when I was really young, my first girlfriend ever said something that always stuck with me. Sometimes I just wish I was a rock. So I didnt have to feel everything. As we were working on this movie about noise and chaos, we realized we needed a moment where we can give people the opposite. And what better place than a universe where life doesnt exist?
Occupying a universe in which she is a hibachi chef, Evelyn uses knife and spatula-wielding prowess to nimbly fend off attackers. Her restaurant rival: a handsome young grill man (Harry Shum Jr.) with a suspicious raccoon tail sticking out from beneath his chefs toque. Turns out an anthropomorphic raccoon named Raccacoonie manipulates his actions behind the stove in much the same way Remy the rat controlled Alfredo Linguini in Ratatouille.
Scheinert: There were a lot of steps in the development of that joke. Our producer Jonathan Wang, his dad was Chinese and an inspiration for the movie. He loved movies but never could remember the names of them. Jons family would collect the different titles that Dad had come up with for movies. One time he was like, Oh I saw a very good movie called Shooky Shylock. They were like, What is Shooky Shylock?! He was like, Its like Iron Man but hes a detective and he solves crimes in London; it was Sherlock Holmes. His favorite one was Outside Good People Shooting and it took him a while to figure out that he had seen Good Will Hunting. So early days, we thought Evelyn could be similar. Then the idea that whatever she got wrong was real was a very exciting way to explore the multiverse.
Kwan: The Waymond character says, If you can imagine it, then somewhere out there it exists. We realized there has to be a scene in which Michelle rides the guy and controls him like Ratatouille. That whole thing becomes its own arc. Thats always when we know a joke is going to be worth pursuing when first the idea is so ridiculous that we cant stop thinking about it. Then we find a way to clean it up and close it off with something thats epic and beautiful and cathartic or whatever. Then the last cherry on top was we always imagined Randy Newman would be the voice.
Scheinert: In the first draft it said, Theres a raccoon on his head voiced by Randy Newman. We never thought wed get Randy but we did!
Scheinert: Initially it was just a chef. Then there was a moment where we started getting self-conscious about some of the Asian American tropes that are in the film. At the same time, so many of them were just true. Dan would be like, That is what my grandads laundromat looked like. Then we started embracing them and just getting excited about complicating them and making them fun and different and taking things that are usually just a punchline and living in them a little longer. Also: Hibachi chefs are awesome!
Kwan: Theyre just badasses as far as the skill goes. French chefs would lose in a fight against a Japanese steakhouse chef, obviously. It was a very visual, fun idea inspired by going to those birthday parties growing up with the flaming onion candles or whatever.
Scheinert: Oh my God, that blew my mind as a kid. I was like, Why isnt every restaurant like this?
With a SWAT team closing in on her and Waymond, Evelyn unlocks her potential as a sign-spinner a.k.a. a human billboard; one of those people you see on street corners dancing and acrobatically flipping their sign like a pair of nunchucks to dispatch and disarm a cohort of heavily armed men.
Kwan: We spend so much time on YouTube or Instagram and all the things that rise to the top are people being exceptional. Theres a term for it: competency porn. People love watching people who are competent at what they do. When we were working on this movie, I could just look up competency-porn montages and see people doing incredible stuff. You see sign-spinners and knife-twirlers and
Scheinert: people who lay bricks perfectly. Theres some people who can do it so fast.
Kwan: That would have been a universe. Someones coming at her and she just builds a wall.
Scheinert: We got excited about specifically tapping into a lot of universes where someone has a really impressive skill but its one that is often overlooked or underpaid. That was more interesting than going to a universe where shes a brilliant mathematician
Kwan: or a CIA agent. It was way more fun to just make the everyday normal person feel like a superpower. Then you pair that with the fact we knew the fight scene was going to be with riot shields and things like that. People have been using shields to fight for a while. Obviously Captain America has been doing that. But we just wanted to have a very playful take. Our choreographers did such a good job with that prompt. Were like, What can you do with the sign?
Scheinert: Michelle really had to practice her human directional skills.
The movies most surreal subplot involves a world in which humanity has evolved to possess comically elongated sausage fingers. Evelyn finds herself in a romantic relationship with her IRS auditor, Deirdre (Jamie Lee Curtis), in this universe. And as an expression of love, the two shoot ketchup and mustard out of their fingertips into one anothers mouths.
Kwan: Its not an original idea. If you look online, youll see people sticking fake nails on hot dog fingers and stuff like that. I think there is something very funny about the idea that our fingers look like hot dogs. But we werent interested in them until we figured out what the full arc was. Again, theres a funny initial joke but then you have to wonder, Okay, what purpose is it serving? And ultimately, am I going to get something really meaningful or cathartic on the other end of it? We dont really fully commit to an idea until the whole thing starts to come alive.
Scheinert: We wanted to take Evelyn somewhere that would break her brain, somewhere that shed hate. Shed be like, No this universe does not exist, and we threw a lot at the wall. The idea stuck because of the visual and we were like, She will look around herself and she will be like, That is my auditor. I already hate her. And she has gross hands and she is trying to touch me. Then we wanted it to be as challenging as possible to make her accept this universe. So getting her to the place where she consents to the mating ritual and squirts herself with the hot dog and mustard that was the goal. Can we get her there? We had to get Michelle there too. We had to convince her that it was worth doing.
I think she was like, Okay maybe. Ill see. Ultimately, it was Jamie the fact that Jamie agreed to do it gave Michelle the confidence to be like, Alright. Jamie did the final dance first and then was like, Your turn, Michelle.
Kwan: Theres a scientific calculation you can do for any object in the universe called a Schwarzschild radius, an object that when you compress it down to that radius becomes a black hole. It becomes a singularity and its hypothetical. But the idea is, at a certain density, anything will become a black hole. So everyone has their Schwarzschild radius. Wouldnt it be funny if she did that to an everything bagel? Because this movie is about everything. It started as just a throwaway joke.
Scheinert: We spent a while inventing the religion of the bagel followers. So many things didnt stick. Shes a nihilist; should there be dogma? Should there be a book? What should their practices be as a religion? The bagel stuck because it became such a useful, simple symbol that we could point to as filmmakers. And you dont have to explain it much beyond the joke.
Kwan: It did two things. It allowed us to talk about nihilism without being too eye roll-y. And it creates a MacGuffin: a doomsday device.
If in the first half of the movie people think that the bagel is here to destroy the world, and in the second half you realize its a depressed person trying to destroy themselves, it just takes everything about action movies and turns it into something more personal. Again, like all our ideas, it starts as a kernel that just makes us laugh. And then the gravity of that idea starts to pull in all these other things, until it becomes its own thing that we cant even take credit for sometimes. This became what it had to become and I cant imagine it being any different now.
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Everything Everywhere All at Once's Influences, Explained - Vulture
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Opinion | The Unbelievable Stupidity of Ending Global Covid Aid – The New York Times
Posted: at 11:51 pm
Americas attempt to vaccinate the world against Covid is about to come to an end.
We are at a point now where without additional funding we are going to have to start winding down our programming, said Jeremy Konyndyk, the leader of the United States Agency for International Developments Covid-19 task force. Such funding does not appear to be forthcoming. Our gruesomely dysfunctional politics are going to lead to more illness and death across the globe, and were increasing the odds that a new viral mutation will once again upend American life. If it does, we might call it the filibuster variant.
Even for a body as broken and ineffectual as Congress, this level of self-sabotage is hard to fathom. The biggest risk we face domestically and globally is more new variants, said Konyndyk. Such variants, he said, are most likely to emerge in chronically immunocompromised populations, including people living with diseases like AIDS and tuberculosis; because they have trouble clearing the coronavirus, it lingers and has more opportunities to evolve.
Thats likely where Omicron came from, quite possibly where Delta came from, Konyndyk said. So making sure that we are targeting those populations for vaccination and then targeting them with the rollout of antivirals is the best insurance policy we have against new variants. Its not foolproof, but its the best we can do.
But it seems we are not going to do it. Part of the blame for this lies with House Democrats. Far more belongs to Senate Republicans.
The Democrats miscalculated last month when, amid internal dissension, they stripped a $15.6 billion Covid aid package from the $1.5 trillion omnibus spending bill. Senate Republicans had insisted that the Covid aid come from money that was already appropriated but unspent. So congressional leaders devised a scheme drawing $7 billion from funds that had been set aside for state and local governments in last years American Rescue Plan.
House Democrats as well as governors in both parties had good reason to object, because state and local lawmakers had made their budgets with that money in mind. Twenty states got their American Rescue Plan money all at once, but in the remaining 30 states it was supposed to come in two tranches. Those states were suddenly looking at substantial budget cuts.
A bunch of House members said no, were not going to vote to cut our own state budgets and have to go home and explain why weve cut these budgets, said Representative Pramila Jayapal, chair of the Congressional Progressive Caucus.
After a revolt among her own members, Speaker Nancy Pelosi was forced to pull the Covid aid from the omnibus bill. But if House Democrats thought theyd get another chance to negotiate international Covid funds, they underestimated the nihilism of the Republican Party.
Because of the filibuster, Senate Democrats need 10 Republicans to support a stand-alone Covid bill, and Republicans are balking at more money for international Covid programs. Im frankly struggling, Chris Coons, a Democratic senator known for his commitment to bipartisanship, said of trying to negotiate an agreement. He describes a basic disagreement between the caucuses over the threat posed by Covid. A number of his Republican colleagues, said Coons, have told him, Were done with this pandemic.
Since theyre largely indifferent to whether additional Covid funding passes, some Republicans have used it as leverage in their demand for tougher border policies. Theyre holding up authorization of any more Covid aid unless the administration reinstates Title 42, a policy adopted in 2020 to rapidly expel migrants without letting them apply for asylum, all in the name of protecting public health.
The U.S.A.I.D. funding is not fungible the agency cant simply transfer resources from other programs to keep its vaccine program going, or to start providing antivirals like Paxlovid. As a last-ditch measure, Coons tried to get Republicans to agree to give the agency emergency authority to move its own money around to address the pandemic, but he couldnt get enough of them onboard.
As a result of this intransigence, many of the vaccine doses America already donated could go to waste. At this point, theres no longer a global vaccine shortage the problem is that many countries lack the infrastructure required to transport and administer them. The impasse in the Senate, Coons said, means we arent delivering millions of vaccine shots that weve already paid for.
Coons holds out hope that there could be a breakthrough in the Senate in three or four weeks, after it returns from recess. But its not easy to restart programs once theyve been stopped, and in the meantime, were pointlessly imperiling both our own health and the health of people all over the planet.
Theres also a political cost to abandoning the rest of the world on Covid. At a time of renewed great-power competition, Americas effective vaccines could give us a diplomatic advantage. Last year, said Coons, both Russia and China made big fanfares about delivering planeloads of vaccines to dozens of countries in the developing world. Those vaccines are ineffective against Omicron. Our vaccines are effective. Our Congress, unfortunately, is not.
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Opinion | The Unbelievable Stupidity of Ending Global Covid Aid - The New York Times
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Online booking agents have been behaving like kings – it’s time to topple them – City A.M.
Posted: at 11:49 pm
Saturday 16 April 2022 10:00 am
As the nation begins to plan summer breaks, following a tortuous two pandemic-fuelled years, a collective sigh of relief should be heard from Somerset to Stoke. But theres little relief to be had when a broken system is driving a false market of competition.
For years, the travel industry network titans have been able to control the price of holidays with artificial competition pitting customers between each other making it seem like theres either high demand or genuine bargains to be had.
Some of the online booking agents can be accused of behaving more like monopolies; setting an ever-spiralling cost which leaves less change in the pocket for hoteliers and holiday makers alike. There are no winners in this system.
These monopolies place focus on growing their cut when booking a stay rather than on user experience and achieving the best service and price for their customers.
Artificial competition between booking sites provides customers with a false sense that they are making a saving on their holiday. Instead at the same time, hotels are landed with growing commissions from the big booking platforms which eat away at their bottom-line causing price rises across the board both for consumers and suppliers.
The established big-brand online travel agents are able to push this dominance by spending billions a year bidding against each other on search engines and its all perfectly legal to do.
With soaring costs, they charge hotels commission rates that on average range from 15 per cent to 25 per cent on every booking creating a price disparity in which both customers and suppliers lose out when booking a hotel room. In real terms, thats less sunset holiday cocktails and less paella in the sun. In other words, less of what we love about holidays.
Furthermore, hotels are often locked into rate parity agreements with the big online booking sites, meaning that they cannot advertise a lower rate to any customers.
This creates a problem: rooms lay dormant, when they could have been filled by guests to shore up the hotels business. With 30 to 40 per cent of revenue derived from additional sales once guests have stayed, such as food and drink and parking, hotels cant afford to have non-occupied spaces.
But look yonder and Big Tech may just turn the tide on this lose-lose situation. By digitally connecting travel suppliers to the booking public consumers, therefore cutting out the expensive intermediary, the end could be nigh for the price fixers.
Playing a game of chess with the giants wont be easy, as they will have their next 6 moves planned out in meticulous detail. But at some point customers will get tired of being pawns in their game, and you can bet your bottom dollar, the travel titans will be toppled.
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Online booking agents have been behaving like kings - it's time to topple them - City A.M.
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Stream It Or Skip It: ‘Bill Maher: #Adulting’ On HBO Max, A New Stand-Up Special That Is Not Okay Boomer – Decider
Posted: at 11:49 pm
Is it a Good Friday without a new episode of Real Time with Bill Maher? What if HBO aired an hour of just Maher in its place? Would that be something youd be interested in?
The Gist: This is Mahers 12th stand-up special for HBO since 1989, and his weekly live panel show, Real Time, has aired for almost two decades. HBO made space for him 20 years ago after ABC cancelled his late-night talker for them for being a bit too Politically Incorrect.
Which means cancel culture cant be real, can it?
What Comedy Specials Will It Remind You Of?: If you watch Real Time, then this is like revisiting many of his monologues from recent years. If you dont watch that, then just picture an old man yelling at a cloud.
Memorable Jokes: To show you where his heads at, Maher specifically flew to Florida to film this hour in Miami, not because the audiences were smarter there, but because he wouldnt have to put up with any pandemic protocols. Still? Thats why I came to Florida. To get away from that shit.
Hes fully in the camp of cant we just take our victory and go home? and makes a series of jokes mocking anyone taking it too seriously, mostly with faulty premises.
Hes also fully a never-Trumper, with jokes about how President Biden at least doesnt make him swear at his phone first thing every morning, and later, tearing into the woman who accused Biden of sexual misconduct during the 2020 campaign. On a related note to that, Maher also vigorously defends Aziz Ansari from his #MeToo moment of several years ago now? Speaking of not-topical material, Maher still finds his nourishment in the low-hanging fruit of Rudy Giuliani and Trump and their boorish behavior. There are plenty of clapter lines here, even some that surprise Maher.
Religion. Pot-smoking. He returns to those topics again, as he has throughout his career.
As for the title (#adulting), Maher makes fun of Gen Z for going public with how pleased they are at doing basic grown-up chores, but at 66 himself, hes still getting too high sometimes to function, and yes, hes going to recount that just as gleefully for his closer.
Our Take: Maher wants to put young people in their place by reminding them that some day, theyll be considered closed-minded or wrong.Every generation is the what were you thinking generation, he says. Youre not better. you just came later.
So where is his mockery for his own generation, the Baby Boomers? Instead, hes so concerned with progress going overboard in becoming this bullshit about always revisiting the past, that he picks unfunny over-exaggerations to make his points, and even false claims about the way things actually used to be. To be fair, Maher still slings a few zingers and solid points here and there, but everywhere in between is full of his own b.s. and selfish political philosophy. Because his centrism or libertarianism or whatever hes claiming to be in 2022 is based on him being a wealthy white man, so unconcerned by getting by that he has the privilege of focusing all of his attention on frivolous headlines.
Which could be funny, if he made himself the butt of the joke. But thats never been his game. Maher wants to feel like hes the smartest person in the room, and he buys into that instead. Because if he believed his own argument, hed know that the younger generations know better than him. If were the iPhone 11 (even that point of his is outdated), then hes still a landline.
He almost gets there, saying:Trust me folks, I havent changed. I really havent. Im still the same pot-smoking, childless unmarried libertine I always was. The audience applauds him for it. I have many flaws, but you cannot accuse me of maturing.
Our Call: SKIP IT. Unless you already enjoy and look forward to new episodes of Real Time,this hour wont make you feel any better about how the Baby Boomers wont give up their hold on power or shut up about how things have changed.
Sean L. McCarthy works the comedy beat for his own digital newspaper,The Comics Comic; before that, for actual newspapers. Based in NYC but will travel anywhere for the scoop: Ice cream or news. He also tweets@thecomicscomicand podcasts half-hour episodes with comedians revealing origin stories:The Comics Comic Presents Last Things First.
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Stream It Or Skip It: 'Bill Maher: #Adulting' On HBO Max, A New Stand-Up Special That Is Not Okay Boomer - Decider
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The Simpsons Learn Jazz Never Solves Anything – Den of Geek
Posted: at 11:48 pm
The concept of a deaf child born to a gifted musician is morosely sad in its tragic irony. This itself is sublimely parodied by having Bleeding Gums discover the malady because of a clumsy drunk drummer. The episode features the series first-ever use of ASL, and deaf voice actors.
Monk teaches at The Skys the Limit, but his adept ability to read lips would be a tad clichd if it wasnt quicker than having Lisa learn sign language. The animators draw the characters with four fingers to save production costs but accurately render signs with a missing digit, and artfully foreshadow the auditory challenge with subtle clues, like hooking a doorbell to a light. Also, for unexpected comic subversion. Monk hits enough numbers in the lottery to make a lot of people happy, and Bart comes away with a win.
The central commentary on the exploitation of African American music is done with deft broad strokes. Music companies are parodied with names like Check is in the Mail Publishing. The Simpsons note their long-standing commitment to the cause by flashing back to Bleeding Gums first appearance, with Kevin Michael Richardson dubbing over Ron Taylors original lines enthusing over how well Lisa plays for someone with no real problems.
The episode is filled with clever musical moments. Lyrics catch the old Simpsons musical comedy magic but, because its a jazz episode, occasionally go on too long. Scatting is funny, for a while, but tuneful punchlines land with more immediacy. Most of the humor in the episode comes at the expense of jazz, much of it redundant. Keep money out of jazz started when the first blue note slipped into an improvisation. It predates riffing on My Favorite Things. Its about time Lisa learns jazz doesnt help anybody.
The installment is loaded with quick visual jokes thrown into the backgrounds. This might be the end of another beloved minor character. There is a sign at the hospital admissions promising We finally fired Dr. Nick. We also hear a reference to Will Smiths Bagger Vance. What are the odds?
Lottery fever is well captured, especially when Reverend Lovejoy gives in to temptation. He hawks The Bible as the original book of numbers. He also gets the best line, about Jesus saying a lot of weird stuff after turning water into wine. He may as well be talking about continuity. Kent Brockman already won the lottery in the episode Dog of Death, from 1992. Bleeding Gums told Lisa he doesnt really have a family in earlier seasons.
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This Week In Games Australia – Kotaku Australia
Posted: at 11:45 pm
Hello friends, and welcome back to an Easter Monday edition of This Week In Games Australia. Unless youre into the MotoGP, its a very quiet week for AAA releases so were going to spotlight a selection of interesting, top-flight indies for you. Lets get into it.
The Iron Oath is a fantasy tactics RPG that owes a bit of a debt to Darkest Dungeon. There are town-building elements. Youll need to manage the physical and mental well-being of your party and people. Combat is turn-based and reliant on strong party dynamics and sound strategy. Whether it will be quite as hard as that particular game remains to be seen. Nevertheless, seems like the team at Curious Panda Games have created something special here.
The pitch on this one is fairly simple: Fallout Shelter meets the US Navy. You have an aircraft carrier and must crew her efficiently to withstand aerial bombardment from a hostile air force. Your side-on view of the ship will allow you to move crewmen around the ship quickly, particularly while under attack and repairs need to be made. This is an interesting spin on the bunker survival genre, and Im interested in seeing how it sets itself apart.
This just looks like a nice and cozy and perhaps also confronting time. Lilas Sky Ark is a pixel RPG about a young woman in a fantasy world that might be her imagination? Nothing quite makes sense, with hints of external war and a looming sense of danger.
Nyoom! Honestly though, if you like racing games, give the MotoGP series a try. Finding your line on two wheels instead of four is a wildly different racing experience, one that might tickle you if youve only ever raced cars before. Though many racing fundamentals still apply, you have to re-learn a lot to understand how the bikes handle compared to even the most nimble racing cars.
Terraformers is a rougelite colony builder about taming the wilds of Mars. I love this take on the roguelite formula, which feels more aspirational than confrontational. The loop is simple: strike out, build a strong and efficient colony, and see how long you can survive. I look forward to running the grand Martian experiment when it drops later this week.
This looks like everything I used to play on my Mega Drive as a kid and I must have it. A sidescrolling samurai beat-em-up strongly inspired by the story of the vagabond Takezo Musashi. Musashi is a Japanese folk hero whose story survives in a series of novels, most notably The Stone and the Sword.
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