Daily Archives: April 2, 2022

Countries with Lower National Income More Likely to Believe in Fake News About COVID-19: Study – The Korea Bizwire

Posted: April 2, 2022 at 5:57 am

Medical workers transport a COVID-19 patient from an ambulance at Seoul Medical Center in Seoul on March 25, 2022. (Yonhap)

SEOUL, March 31 (Korea Bizwire) Countries with lower national income are more prone to believing in COVID-19-related fake news, a study showed Wednesday.

The Institute for Basic Sciences Data Science Group led by Cha Meeyoung, a professor at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), analyzed data collected from 40 countries as part of the facts before rumors campaign, which showed that only 16.7 percent of internet users from economically well-off states believed that fake news was true.

In contrast, 33.3 percent of netizens from a number of developing states believed in the fake news.

The lower the national income, the higher the damage incurred by the so-called infodemic the research team said.

In 2020, the World Health Organization warned that the COVID-19 outbreak has sparked an infodemic an overwhelming amount of information online, usually false news or rumors.

The study also showed that netizens from poorer countries were far more exposed to fake news about COVID-19.

In Sweden and Finland, both highly advanced economic powers, only 40 percent of netizens said they had seen false news about the pandemic. In Cameroon and the Philippines, developing countries, the rates were close to 60 percent.

Supposing that the rate of internet usage is constant across the world, netizens from countries with lower national income are more likely to run into lower quality, fake information online, the research team said.

In the earlier stages of the pandemic era when vaccines and medicines were lacking, infodemics triggered massive damage by spreading false methods of treatment or prevention.

Even now, the impact of the infodemic can be seen through anti-vaccine protests and severe mistrust of state medical authorities, the research team said.

H. M. Kang (hmkang@koreabizwire.com)

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Countries with Lower National Income More Likely to Believe in Fake News About COVID-19: Study - The Korea Bizwire

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Rise of the tajziakars: In the state’s war against ‘fake news’, journalism is the real loser – DAWN.com

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The term 'fake news' has been weaponised to delegitimise media as a system of accountability for govts. But what does it mean?

Its not every day that the Attorney General of Pakistan (AGP) condemns a law he is sworn to defend. Yet that is exactly what happened at the Islamabad High Court earlier this month when AGP Khalid Jawed referred to the recently imposed Peca Ordinance as a draconian law if [it] comes into force in the present shape.

This is not the first time in Pakistan's history that the term draconian has been used to describe a law. But the sheer invasiveness and disingenuous nature of the recent ordinance have set off a firestorm among the journalists' community particularly, the idea that anyone may be sentenced up to six months in prison for the crime of spreading fake news against a government official or institution. As always, we put the cart before the horse by specifying the punishment without specifying the crime.

What is even more ironic is that the majority of falsehoods proliferating on social media in recent days are not coming from journalists, but rather the same political leaders fighting for these laws.

Whether its the spreading of a fabricated letter from a US-based NGO claiming to fund various news media outlets for anti-government sentiment, or the mislabeling of a picture to malign a political party for corruption and wrongdoing, disinformation campaigns are rife these days, triggered by the vote of no-confidence motion and the political wrangling and blame game.

As is usually the case, the same media groups accused of such falsehoods are quick to engage their own fact checkers to bust these myths. That of course makes them even bigger targets by party loyalists just looking for another excuse to curse the media.

The current crisis perfectly encapsulates our dichotomous conception of fake news. As self-explanatory as we may find the crime of fake news, the fact is that we do not actually understand the term at all. There was a time when fake news simply meant just that news that wasnt true.

Almost overnight, however, it became a catch-all term to refer to news that governments simply didnt agree with, didnt want to admit openly, or even didnt like. Over time, it has been effectively weaponised to delegitimise the media as a system of accountability for governments, or used as an excuse to blame poor governance and performance on an image problem because of journalistic bias.

And it worked: credibility in the mainstream media is at an all-time low, particularly because of the fake news circus.

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Former US president Donald Trump used it effectively to quell the US medias criticism of his policies. And governments around the world have noticed. Russia most recently used it to clamp down on any opposing media narrative to the war in Ukraine, referring to a story of the bombing of a maternity hospital as 'fake news'.

It is not surprising then that Pakistan has followed suit. However, as the world realised over time, drawing a line between 'fake' and 'real' news is rarely that simple.

In recent years, the term fake news has been far too politicised and compromised, making its use downright counterproductive. Internationally, the terms junk news or information disorder have become more acceptable as alternatives.

Based on this, three further categories have been established, taking into account two key factors the level of truth in the information, and its capacity for harm.

Misinformation news that is false, but not spread with intent to harm. This can include Whatsapp forward messages claiming that drinking garlic essence or kalonji are the cure for Covid-19.

Mal-information news that contains real information but is designed to cause harm. This includes strategic leaks, harassment, hate speech, and disclosures done to damage someones reputation or endanger their life.

Disinformation news that that is false and spread with intent to harm. This usually refers to content that is manipulated or fabricated to give the impression that it is real but is designed to damage someones character or repute. The constant references to Prime Minister Imran Khan as a Jewish agent by certain politicians can fall within this category.

However the problem doesnt really end with the categorisation. The larger issue is that people dont genuinely recognise whether a piece of information is real or not. Studies have shown that false news content is far more likely to be shared than that based on truth, and that we are more likely to share a story just on the basis of the headline, rather than the whole content.

Moreover, there has been a tendency to explain this as a problem of comprehension or intelligence that people dont have the sense to recognise false information and simply forward it without thinking. In reality, however, research suggests that highly intelligent and competent people are quite prone to believing and sharing such news too.

How else can we explain that a sitting federal minister and PhD from a globally recognised university would share a letter claiming that Benazir was seeking to stop US assistance to Pakistan? Or that a satirical piece from The Onion claiming that the CIA was apologising for having wrongly accused Al-Qaeda of the 9/11 attacks was believed to be real and tweeted by several senior police officers? Or that a ministers speech to parliament referenced The Protocols of the Elders of Zion as if it was a real book containing the actual master plan of the Jewish community?

The problem is not a lack of recognition. It is, unfortunately, with our heads. More specifically, it is the way we take mental shortcuts or readily give in to cognitive biases we are likely to see something as real if it agrees with our world view, ideology or belief systems and even more likely to reject something as false or hateful if it disagrees with those systems.

Shireen Mazaris defence of the false Benazir letter is telling. When called out on the post, she deleted it, but followed it by saying, Thanks for pointing out and I have deleted. But let's be clear the PPP leadership at that time did reach out to the US using the Nuclear issue to win their support.

This mindset shows that we arent necessarily looking for the truth Mazari was instead seeking something to validate her existing views. A person like that is very prone to being duped by misinformation.

It doesnt help that this conspiracy theory has wide acceptability in Pakistan, despite being so far stretched from the truth. And that speaks to another major reason why junk news spreads so fast in Pakistan conspiratorial thinking.

Research indicates that countries with information vacuums create an atmosphere of uncertainty and distrust among the public. All it then takes is a crisis to trigger an avalanche of conspiratorial thinking.

Countries with low levels of transparency and accountability, particularly at the top, invite this very sentiment. Its a running joke that every time you want to bury the truth, simply set up an inquiry, so that the government shows signs of action, and nothing needs to be made public.

Add to this a good dose of post-colonial anti-authoritarianism, and you have the perfect recipe for conspiracy theories ranging from the illuminati being the servants of Dajal to child-eating lizards running the world economy.

Ironically in Pakistan, conspiracies have become a currency for credibility. The recent volley of tirades from leaders across the political spectrum are a game of whos the bigger traitor, with everyone from India's Narendra Modi to US President Joe Biden supposedly involved in conspiring for the ouster of Punjab Chief Minister Usman Buzdar or neutralising our nuclear assets, depending on whos talking and whos listening.

Dr Mazaris letter did not appear in a vacuum. It appeared as part of a wide-ranging narrative supported and complemented by many that share her views, regardless of the evidence. This is referred to as the echo chamber effect.

The echo chamber essentially means that when you believe something, you are likely to be drawn to people with the same beliefs as you, segregating yourself towards an extreme, and creating an alternative reality where only your views are the correct ones, and all others are false. This phenomenon makes our views even more rigid, and creates a sense of us-vs.-them, pitting one group against the other.

It explains why we will only believe the word of one party and declare all others false. It also explains why we are likely to follow one news channel or read one newspaper and dismiss all others as fake. And it is also why our Facebook friends and Whatsapp groups tend to spread the same kind of memes and posts that celebrate us and our people and castigate all others.

Credibility is down to a show of hands. And it appears we are only looking at one set of hands.

In the age of social media, this has just been exacerbated to a new level. The testimony by Facebook whistleblower Francis Haugen explained that Facebook algorithms "take people who have mainstream interests and push them to extreme interests", by encouraging interactions that create more division and discord. More discord means more engagement, and more engagement means more users, which means more monetisation, which means Facebook gets better value on its ads.

And all this comes at a simple cost the stability of the modern world.

In Pakistan, the threat isnt just from those who dont believe you. In fact, the greater peril is from those who think journalism can be a threat to the state, particularly when it challenges or denigrates the narrative pushed forward by the government at the time. Never mind that the definition for what constitutes a violation is broad, vague and inconsistent, almost by design.

This has split journalism into a strange dichotomy. At times, people can make insane claims, backed at best by flimsy evidence, if any. At other times, information backed by irrefutable evidence can be cast aside as a threat to the state. And sometimes, a combination of both happens, with people resorting to innuendo or gossip to say the things theyre not allowed to say. Khalai Makhlooq, anyone?

What does one then do in this situation? As expected, the media has split into camps, all with different, varying, and problematic approaches. And a lot of it has to do with the way the media institutionalisation and professionalism has evolved over the last decade and a half.

First, most journalists dont receive any formal training, with the majority of media houses hardly ever investing in their personnel, thinking of it as a revolving door of hiring and firing.

It also doesn't help that the most influential news format is not one necessarily dominated by journalists alone. The rise of current affairs has meant that media savvy is more important than media literate, that screen presence is given precedence over news competence, and accuracy and responsibility take a back seat for viewership and the much-maligned TRP ratings.

This made sense to the bosses as well if anyone from a ghee manufacturer to a cigarette maker was going to be allowed to set up a TV channel, why would they change their ethos in the selection of these anchors? In the era of profit maximisation, it is not the journalist with integrity, but the one with the attention, thats allowed to lord over the airwaves.

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Hence ex-bureaucrats, hotel managers, medical doctors, television actors, and even game show hosts have become current affairs anchors. It is to our dismay that this happened, because this further blurred the distinction between anchor, host, and journalist.

With the vast majority of the audience unable to differentiate between these three very separate categories, they applied the same standard to all. The bosses have no problem with it because theyre making money, and as long as there are no major infractions, these anchors can say pretty much anything they want, with complete impunity. Almost.

A major reason for the confusion between journalists and non-journalists is the rise of experts from varying public sector institutions, who claim to have expertise and knowledge, with insights gleamed for insider info only they, the selected few, possess. This is partially attributable to the rise of private media.

Having been a Current Affairs Producer for several shows, my anchor and I were pressurised on countless occasions into calling certain analysts to shows because they gave a higher rating due to their salacious style and vitriolic statements. Initially, this was reserved for certain politicians, but eventually the tajziakar class of experts emerged.

However, this is also because non-political institutions have sought to influence the media innumerous ways, either through their current or ex-cadre writing columns, or appearing on shows. Some institutions have even gone to the extent of making an approved list of analysts, while not officially representing the views of the institution.

Hence, former diplomats, bureaucrats, law enforcement officers, and military officers are the norm on TV channels now, representing while not representing, giving their own scoop with zero verification, while also being approved to give it without any direct affiliation.

In some exceptional cases, these tajziakars become so popular that they start hosting their own shows or becoming regular columnists. Once they have their own platform, they are free to rage over whatever takes their fancy, usually accompanied by a pretty female co-host, whos only there to validate the views of the tajziakar. To make matters worse, in some cases, the female co-hosts are instructed not to ask any follow-up questions just to assuage the host's ego.

This creates a culture of crystal ball truth telling and unverified gossip masquerading as serious investigative journalism. It becomes even more confusing for the viewer, harms credible reporting, and can seriously compromise the integrity of an ongoing investigation.

We saw this firsthand in the Zainab murder case where a doctor-cum-documentary filmmaker turned soothsayer made the bombshell revelation of a global paedophilic pornography ring, without even conducting a basic check. After being harshly reprimanded by the Supreme Court, he apologised, but not before misleading the entire country and wasting the governments resources on a wild goose chase. It was disinformation of the highest order.

His defence though was even more telling, when he said that the investigation was not his responsibility and it was the job of state institutions to find the authenticity of the news I did not provide this information with any wrong intent.

Actually, it WAS his job. In fact, that was his ONLY job. An investigative piece without any investigation is just a baseless claim. It is not the job of state institutions.

This kind of mindset among media personalities lies at the root of the problem. When self-proclaimed experts who claim to know everything and everyone gets called out on their claims, they say its not their responsibility to verify the truth.

They might be a lot of things, but they are not journalists.

A major reason behind the Peca ordinance seems to be the never-ending flurry of rumours about the government and its direction, or lack thereof. A sinking ship tends to leak the most after all. The government and its echo chambers dismiss these rumors as agenda-driven lies and smears done at the behest of political opponents or anti-state elements. The naysayers on social media have a special place for this form of yellow journalism, and fake news. Even when its real.

On April 15, 2019, some news channels reported a possible shuffle in the federal cabinet and the change in portfolios of several ministers, including the removal of Asad Umar as finance minister.

Information Minister Fawad Chaudhry denied the news, terming the reports baseless. The next day, the Pemra slapped fines on the news channels for airing fake and unsubstantiated news, and creating chaos among the public and maligning the government functionaries.

Three days later, the fake news of the cabinet shuffle became real. Asad Umar, among others, was removed from his portfolio.

A similar situation occurred with Umar Cheemas reporting on PM Imran's third marriage, which was rebutted by the PTI initially as false and irresponsible reporting, before admitting to it weeks later. Of course, the episode turned the investigative reporter into enemy no.1, resulting in him being included in the eponymous anti-state sahafi list, and even led to a social media trend targeting his wife.

This isnt a new development in any way. Denial of news stories to avoid potentially embarrassing or incriminating disclosure is as old as journalism itself. The problem though is when the denial is accompanied by the character assassination of the journalist, followed by targeted verbal and institutional attacks against the media outlet.

These campaigns are designed to intimidate and harass, so that the media house backs off from its original story, or backs off from its support of the reporter. This is a major reason why several major anchors and journalists have been forced to resign or suspend their programmes.

In Pakistan though, we assassinate more than just someones character.

Consider the drone programme and its disclosure. Prior to November 2005, the Musharraf regime denied its existence altogether, attributing the strikes to aerial bombing by the Pakistan Air Force. It took a local reporters pictures of the Hellfire missile remnants in Miran Shah for the government to officially admit to the US-led program.

The episode was an embarrassment for Musharraf. The reporter was subsequently abducted and later found dead. His wife, who demanded justice, also mysteriously disappeared.

This is just one example of many where embarrassing the government or holding it publicly accountable is seen as a bigger crime than the actual actions of the government. Some say it speaks to our societys penchant for viewing talking about vices as a bigger crime than the vices themselves, which is why honour killings and child abuse run rampant.

Channels have faced much heat when contradicting or defying the government's narratives, whether it was the disclosure that Ajmal Kasab was a Pakistani citizen, or when reporting on killings in Balochistan.

However, the anti-media opposition has gone a step further, labelling these journalists as enemies of Pakistan, pressuring news channels to remove them, and attacking them with vitriol and abuse on social media. It is not uncommon to find some trend on Twitter referring to journalists with unflattering words of a sexual nature, or labelling them anti-state because somehow not following the states narrative is the biggest crime a journalist can do.

The question then arises: since when is following the states version the only way to cover a story? And since when is not covering that version a form of treason?

People who think this way clearly dont understand the difference between public relations and media. One is reminded of a tweet by former US President Donald Trump stating, CNN International is still a major source of (Fake) news, and they represent our Nation to the WORLD very poorly.

In response, the CNN said: Its not CNNs job to represent the US to the world Thats yours. Our job is to report the news.

This exposes our fundamental misunderstanding of what the media is supposed to do. Our insecurities belie our weakness, whereby talking about the crime is worse than the crime itself because it will harm our image in the world.

In a country gripped by paranoia, everything has fallen under the national security ambit, and hence any example of going contrary is seen as anti-state. The Pemra laws, in all their wonderous ambiguity, have made a sport out of fining and banning channels that dare to venture beyond or against the official version.

But if all official versions were true, journalism would not exist. The whole point is to investigate beyond whats told to us and find out whats really going on.

The fact is that conspiracy mongering sells well in Pakistan. Moreover, due to a lack of checks, few if any get called out on it, leaving them free to rant on about grand international illuminati-esque conspiracies against Pakistan, or targeting groups on the basis of their faith, or both. In some extreme cases, they even go to the extent of actively encouraging killings against individuals or groups.

This makes the line between news and opinion even more blurry. When you are actively engaging in discourse that creates divisions, sows hatred, and incites violence, is it really justified as journalism? Furthermore, where do we draw the line between news and hate speech?

While the former can be easily answered, the latter is not, because in Pakistan people tend to consider anything as hate speech or fake news. Just because you are offended by something, does not make it fake or hate speech.

However, Pakistans media has been known to prodigiously delve in dangerous speech, where the words of an individual or group can lead to persecution and violence. The criteria, developed by renowned researcher Susan Benesch, specifically assesses the increase of risk that the viewing audience will commit or condone violence against another individual or group, particularly on the basis of faith, gender, ethnicity, etc., promoting fear or hatred against that group, and using false assertions, or unverified claims and active disinformation to do so.

Interestingly, here the hyper sensitive and litigious Pemra seems to pay little attention, despite numerous complaints and calls for action against channels involved in dangerous speech. Instead, the regulatory authority seems far more interested in instituting bans on hugs on TV dramas than calls to behead people.

The Faizabad riots are an important case in point. The coverage by a certain private channel was particularly damning for creating a sympathetic portrayal of the rioters, creating a sentiment against the government akin to a religious pogrom, and completely denying any of the violence and damage committed by the protesters. The channels agenda-driven coverage directly contributed to the violence, as noted by the Supreme Court, yet there was little in terms of punitive action.

Former Pemra Chairman Absar Alam went a step further, saying that while he wanted action to be taken against the channel, there was active state intervention to make sure it stayed on the airwaves.

Of course, for making these assertions, Absar Alam was labelled an anti-state agent, to the point that the attempt on his life was called a staged drama by many on social media.

Interestingly, these efforts were also criticised by some in the journalist community, as a threat to the country's ideology and the sanctity of the blasphemy laws, essentially just fanning the flames further. It doesnt help that the same journalists proudly proclaimed that twisting the truth is perfectly justified in the national interest.

A new level of moral absolutism has crept into the journalist community, one that squarely supports any and all actions of the country and state as beneficial to the nation. Anyone contradicting it is seen as enemy no.1 and is subject to silence or intimidation. Those in the middle, prefer to self-censor.

This in turn sows the seeds for the legitimisation of disinformation the deliberate spread of falsehoods. This is a phenomenon called advocacy media, where talk show hosts will support a certain political side or ideology, even to the point of twisting facts, covering up others, and actively propagating falsehoods.

The United States has seen the effects of this polarisation with the Stop the Steal movement to discredit the 2020 Elections by members from Fox News, Newsmax and others.

Importantly, the architects of this crusade, such as Sean Hannity dont refer to themselves as journalists, but rather as opinion talk show hosts or advocacy journalists. This gives them a way out, as these hosts are not bound by the standards and checks that apply for media professionals, such as verifying what you say.

Sounds familiar, right?

For the viewer, it is impossible to tell the truth anymore. If you are an avid follower of an anchor or TV channel, chances are you will believe their content without questioning it. Viewers cant tell the difference between media and advocacy media, which in turn spreads disinformation even further.

Whether one agrees or not, the Peca is a necessary piece of legislation. There is indeed a need to clamp down on information disorder. However, the terminology used, and the potential intended beneficiaries or affectees, make it very clear where the law lies and where it stands to harm. If there is to be an actual law against fake news, we need to draw some clear lines.

First, we cannot pick and choose whom to target and how. The law needs to be applied indiscriminately. So the next time a federal minister tweets a fake letter implying a falsehood regarding leud practices during a protest, he or she must be held to the same treatment as someone whose home is raided by the FIA due to an implication on a TV show.

The use of the term fake news also needs to be done away with. The word has become far too politicised to be of any use, and must therefore be replaced by something more sensible. A few examples have already been applied in this piece.

Third, there is a need to draw up specific definitions of what qualifies as information disorder. Denying a news story does not make it a false story as the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting's now-defunct fake news buster tried to do time and time again. Nor can any story that criticises the government and its officials qualify as a form of fake news or a threat to the state. A democracy needs to accept accountability as a fundamental pillar, and journalism is a critical component of that pillar.

There is also a dire need to recognise our own biases within society. We need to hold ourselves accountable and introspect as to whether our own beliefs may be misguided too. Understanding cognitive biases and removing them from our systems are key to protecting ourselves from information disorder. And that begins with critical thinking.

We must also understand that journalists themselves need to hold themselves to account. There are far too many soothsayers and fortune tellers amidst hardworking professionals, and they need to be weeded out. We need to accept out faults where they lie. We cannot be part of the echo chambers that contribute to societal divisions.

Lastly, we need to accept that journalism is an evolving field. We wont get it right every time. But that does not mean that we are enemies of the state. What we cant do is silence ourselves out of threat of legal action or violence.

Nor can we silence the media in the name of protecting our image. We have to be more secure about who we are. The first step in getting better is admitting our flaws and a strong media institution does just that.

It is our right to be wrong sometimes. Thats the only way we will ever get it right.

Header illustration: Branko Devic/ Shutterstock

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Rise of the tajziakars: In the state's war against 'fake news', journalism is the real loser - DAWN.com

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Can You Identify Fake News? This Survey Says Only One In Three Internet Users Can – ABP Live

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New Delhi: A new report suggests more than a third of internet users fail to read false or biased information, and a further 6 per cent, or around one in every 20 internet users, believe everything they read online.

Online regulator Ofcom came out with the report after surveying more than 13,000 people in the United Kingdom, both adults and minors, who use the internet.

The report said 30 per cent of the UK adults who go online are not sure about, or dont even consider, the truthfulness of information they consume online.While 69 per cent of the respondents (seven in 10 adults) said they were confident in identifying misinformation, only 22 per cent of them were able to correctly identify what are the signs of a genuine post, without making mistakes.

A similarly striking pattern was observed among older children aged 12-17 years 74 per cent were confident but only 11 per cent were found to be able to identify fake content.

Also, around 24 per cent adults and 27 per cent children who claimed to be confident in spotting misinformation were unable to spot a fake social media profile in practice.

Further, though the minimum age requirement is 13 years for most social media sites, the survey said, 33 per cent of parents of five to seven-year-olds and 60 per cent of parents of eight to 11-year-olds reported their children having a social media profile.

Separating fact from fiction online is vital. But our research today shows:

About a third of people fail to question misinformation Most overestimate their skills to spot false online content1 in 20 believe everything they see online

Read more https://t.co/tS9QAnPGRE

According to the report, 500 hours of content is uploaded to YouTube and 695,000 stories are shared on Instagram every minute.

Ofcom said having the right critical skills to tell fact from fiction has never been more important due to the sheer volume of information available online.

The report said four in five adult internet users, or 81 per cent, want to see tech firms take responsibility for monitoring content on their platforms. Two thirds, or 65 per cent, also want protection against offensive or inappropriate content.

In a volatile and unpredictable world, its essential that everyone has the tools and confidence to separate fact and fiction online whether its about money, health, world events or other people, Ofcom Chief Executive Melanie Dawes said, adding: ...many adults and children are struggling to spot what might be fake. So were calling on tech firms to prioritise rooting out harmful misinformation, before we take on our new role helping to tackle the problem. And were offering tips on what to consider when youre browsing or scrolling.

The Ofcom report shared three broad tips to help spot misinformation.

Check the source:The regulator said it is necessary to check where the content originated from, rather than who shared it with you.

Question the source:One must check if the source from where the content originated are established or trustworthy. Assess if they could have a reason to mislead you.

Introspect: Dont take something at face value. One must think about own motives for wanting to believe the content.

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Fake tan or fake news? Thats the question as Frydenberg cops a budget spray from Albo – The Age

Posted: at 5:57 am

The spokesman questioned whether CBD had more important stories to write and then asserted the Treasurer had naturally olive skin.

Barnaby Joyce.Credit:John Shakespeare

Budget night is infamous in Canberra for being, well, a big night. After the speeches, fundraisers and private dinners, its customary for those still standing to kick on to the drinking destination of choice, which these days is Ostani at Hotel Realm (it used to be Manukas Public Bar until Four Corners burst its bubble).

And how good, as they say, to see Liberal lobbying giants Michael Photios of Premier State, Christopher Pyne from his eponymous firm and Tom Harley of Dragoman holding court long past midnight. At least some Liberals seem to get along.

CBDs spies also spotted outgoing Liberal MP Andrew Laming and the partys chief fundraiser Nicole Andrews, fresh from organising the traditional $1750-a-head budget night dinner in Parliaments Great Hall, where PM Morrison addressed the moneyed faithful.

Deputy Prime Minister Barnaby Joyces 1am tweet about his religious conviction on the importance of making money raised a few eyebrows. Joyce who was earlier seen scarfing a tuna roll in Families Minister Anne Rustons office assures CBD he was in bed by midnight and his staff posted the dictated tweet.

I dont post my social media, he said. To be frank, we wanted the photo out for media use and I needed something with it. I was amazed how many others were also interested in our budget at that hour.

Of course, Connie was the name on everyones lips after NSW Liberal senator Concetta Fierravanti-Wells decided to burn the (upper) house down with her farewell tirade about Morrison, after losing out on a winnable spot on the Senate ticket.

As word of Fierravanti-Wells post-budget speech flashed around the capitals watering holes on Tuesday night, a common verdict among her colleagues was that the senator was only now saying publicly what she had been expressing privately for years.

Shane Warnes state memorial service at the MCG on Wednesday evening fell short of a full complement of Australian Test captains lucky enough to lead the great spinner onto the field, but not by much.

The MCG service on Wednesday.Credit:Joe Armao

There was no helping the absence of Ricky Ponting, who missed the event due to his Indian Premier League commitments as coach of the Delhi Capitals. But it was Steve Waughs appearance, after he had initially been due merely to attend a screening of the event at the Sydney Cricket Ground, that turned most heads.

Warne and Waugh were close as young cricketers but fell out after Warne was dropped in Barbados in 1999, and the pair clashed again in Sri Lanka later that year, according to the spinners autobiography.

Waugh was not present at Warnes private funeral in Melbourne this month, which his twin brother Mark Waugh attended alongside former captains Allan Border, Mark Taylor and Michael Clarke, plus the likes of Merv Hughes, Glenn McGrath and Ian Healy.

Insiders tell CBD that Waugh ultimately decided to come to the MCG on Wednesday after a special request from the Warne family.

Tim Pallas is the latest senior state government minister to go into isolation, after a member of the Treasurers family tested positive to COVID-19.

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Premier Daniel Andrews has come down with the virus, Opposition Leader Matthew Guy is in isolation as a close contact and COVID made it a clean sweep of major party leaders on Wednesday when Victorian Greens leader Samantha Ratnam tested positive.

Victorias Governor Linda Dessau and Employment and Tourism Minister Martin Pakula have also tested positive after attending the premiere of Hamilton last week, where the Premier is thought to have picked up the bug.

Pallas was at the show too, while the Greens assure us Ratnam was otherwise engaged that night.

Jacqueline Maley cuts through the noise of the federal election campaign with news, views and expert analysis. Sign up to our Australia Votes 2022 newsletter here.

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Power shifts: New Zealand reconsiders Pacific role as Chinas influence grows – The Guardian

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In a ceremony in Fiji on Tuesday, New Zealands foreign affairs minister, Nanaia Mahuta, unveiled a 14-foot carving, which she called a symbol of Pacific regionalism.

It was a small but symbolic moment during the first day of a historic trip Mahutas first official visit to the Pacific, which has included the signing of an agreement promising a shared commitment and vision for regional solidarity with Fiji.

But back in Wellington, the messages of unity faced scrutiny, amid the fallout over Solomon Islands proposed security deal with China, which has prompted concern that Chinese military ships could be stationed in the Pacific.

On Monday, former deputy prime minister Winston Peters accused the government of neglect.

If we wish to be honest with ourselves, we have to look back and say in the recent decades have we put the effort in? The proper answer is no, we havent done as much as we should have done, Peters told RNZ.

While prime minister Jacinda Ardern dismissed the criticism, defence minister Peeni Henare stressed the need to send the right signals to Pacific nations in response to the news. Shortly after, Mahutas office announced a continuation of New Zealands military and police presence in the Solomons.

But as the situation unfolds, New Zealand experts are warning that New Zealands influence in the region may be harmed by overreaction to any perceived Chinese threat.

Theres a danger because it creates a situation of military escalation of tension, says distinguished professor Steven Ratuva, director of the Macmillan Brown Centre for Pacific Studies at Canterbury University.

Theres much more complex political narratives at play than what were seeing on the surface Its a matter of playing smart politics, because sometimes when you try to stop another power from engaging in the region, you actually escalate the problem.

New Zealands influence in the Pacific has declined in recent years as Chinas has risen, says Dr Anna Powles, senior lecturer at the Centre for Defence and Security Studies at Massey University.

Powles attributes this shift to periods of decreased engagement by Canberra and Wellington and assumptions that Australia and New Zealand didnt need to put considerable effort into the region to maintain their perceived primacy, which saw Pacific states diversifying their foreign policy relationships.

During this period other actors began to increase their engagement in the Pacific. China was one of those rising regional powers.

China provided around $3bn in aid to Pacific countries between 2006 and 2020 according to the Lowy Institute, and is now the largest export market for the Pacific. In October last year, an inaugural China-Pacific Islands foreign ministers meeting was held, with plans for regular meetings.

Prof Ratuva says the dynamic in the Pacific has changed dramatically in recent years with Chinas increasing presence, but New Zealands influence remains strong.

The strategy has changed Its probably less visible, but that doesnt mean its lost its influence, he says.

The Pacific has long been the primary recipient of New Zealand aid. However, New Zealands total aid declined during the previous government from 0.3% to 0.25% of GDP. About 60% of New Zealands foreign aid goes to the Pacific.

In 2018, New Zealand launched its Pacific Reset which increased development funding in the region. That approach has now been replaced with Pacific Resilience, a doctrine which Mahuta says reflects a Pacific-centric view of our collective interests in the region.

The Pacific Reset had an anti Chinese orientation. It was a way of re-engaging with the Pacific to check Chinese aid and diplomacy in the Pacific. But the Pacific Resilience is a bit different. It is to do with people to people relationships and reengaging with the culture of Aotearoa and the Pacific.

The way forward is not to compete with China, Ratuva says, but for New Zealand to maintain an independent approach to its dealings in the Pacific.

New Zealand has been very independent in its foreign policy and that has been seen by those with hawkish lenses as a sign of weakness. In fact, its probably a sign of strength. It allows New Zealand to engage much more freely with the rest of the world without being cast as being part of a particular alliance.

Its not a matter of being strong or weak, its a matter of being effective in the way that you engage with the rest of the world.

By contrast, Ratuva says Australia has tended toward a very militaristic approach, such as through the Aukus alliance, which will provide Australia with nuclear-propelled submarines.

Dr Powles says New Zealands soft power in the Pacific is its investment in relationships, in part informed by New Zealands growing Pacific identity, but more consistent engagement is needed to ensure New Zealands purported values are coupled with material outcomes.

Opposition National party foreign affairs spokesperson, Gerry Brownlee, says New Zealand needs to increase financial support to the Pacific over time, and increase collaboration with other donors to ensure the general influence of western democracy is not lost.

Back in Honiara, where the recent controversy began, Solomon Islands prime minister Manasseh Sogavare has made clear that its foreign policy is its own business.

Speaking to parliament, he said that, while New Zealand would remain a close partner, to achieve our security needs, it is clear we need to diversify the countrys relationship with other partners. What is wrong with that?

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Power shifts: New Zealand reconsiders Pacific role as Chinas influence grows - The Guardian

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Cannabis sprouts in New Zealand parliament garden in protesters parting pot-shot – The Guardian

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After a weeks-long illegal occupation that ended in a riot, New Zealands parliament has a new unwelcome visitor to contend with: cannabis seedlings popping up among its rose gardens.

An eagle-eyed Wellingtonian spotted the tiny green leaves emerging from the soil this week and posted his find to social media. The man wished to remain anonymous, but a parliament groundskeeper confirmed to the national broadcaster, RNZ, that the plants were indeed a few cannabis seedlings thought to be left by the protesters.

A lot of seeds had been scattered around, among other things left from the protesters, the groundskeeper said.

A security guard added that it was probably the first cannabis that has ever been planted on parliament grounds.

A protester who had returned to the site told RNZ that the protesters were responsible for scattering the seeds and many more will likely germinate for years to come.

The plants, which are illegal in New Zealand, have since been pulled out and destroyed after the speaker of the house, Trevor Mallard, asked for the weed to be weeded.

The 23-day protest on Wellingtons parliament grounds was nominally about opposition to vaccine mandates, but was blighted by conspiracy theories, death threats, abusive behaviour and a riot that ended in violence and fires. The grounds were left muddied and charred by campers, who also tore up parts of the established gardens to plant herbs, vegetables and, it turns out, cannabis.

Following weeks of peace, high fences were erected around the grounds and the police presence upped again on Friday morning, after a new group said they would begin another 14 days of action to demand an end to all Covid-19 restrictions.

Two weeks ago, the government announced it would end some vaccine-mandates and the requirement for vaccine passes from 4 April. However, one protester, Tessa Jefferis, told RNZ: Therell be protest action until we, first, get an acknowledgment. Second, we get an apology. Third, we get justice. And fourth personally, Im not stopping until the Covid-19 Health Response Act legislation is obliterated.

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Local tips as direct flights from NY to New Zealand go on sale – Times Union

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Its an exciting prospect for my trips home! More convenient than doing a 24-hour trip from door to door, which typically transited through Los Angeles, San Francisco or Houston, says Noll, who grew up in Montgomery in Orange County.

The new nonstop travel time is 16-18 hours, faster in the Auckland to NYC direction, thanks to the jet stream.

Noll, who forecasts Hudson Valley weather via social media and his website on his own time, typically struggles to get a good nights rest on long-haul flights. He has a few tricks up his sleeve to make the trek easier. My general rule is to get a couple of solid nights sleep leading up to the trip. Im usually happy if I can tuck in a few hours of shut eye on the flight itself.

Still, Noll doesnt think the distance JFK Airport is 8,814 miles from Auckland should keep anyone from the adventure. If youre in New York and considering a trip to New Zealand, two words: Do it!

He has been living in the other hemisphere since the mid 2010s, moving for his job. Being in New Zealand and seeing its scenery is like being inside of a movie set.

Tickets are currently on sale for Air New Zealands nonstop flights, which will take place three times a week on Boeing 787-9 Dreamliner aircraft. Noll is already enjoying thinking about the possibility they will afford him as an expat.

Being 16 hours from a slice of NYC pizza is alluring.

Be sure to hike to Kitekite Falls while visiting Aucklands west coast, a 45-minute drive from the city.

What should New Yorkers traveling to New Zealand be sure to see and do? While chances are good that travelers will extend their explorations beyond Auckland, Noll recommends pausing a beat to explore his adopted home town.

Auckland is well worth spending a day or two in at the beginning or end of your travels: great coffee, a cultural melting pot that influences its cuisine, an extremely comfortable climate almost any time of the year, and its mix of leisure and adventure activities being located on the water.

His suggestions:

You may not be able to find New York-style pizza in New Zealand, but the countrys grass-fed beef is bar none, says Ben Noll, who recommends Better Burger.

North Island

South Island

New Zealands most jaw-dropping scenery can be found in the South Islands Fiordland, including Milford Sound.

Dont expect to find NY-style pizza or subs up to the standard were all used to.

Dont expect your bill to be cheap: New Zealand is an island nation on the bottom of the planet; import costs are large and expect to pay while youre here. (That being said, the exchange rate is favorable.)

Dont assume the season is the same as New York. New Zealand is in the Southern Hemisphere, so the seasons are opposite.

More Hudson Valley travel

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Local tips as direct flights from NY to New Zealand go on sale - Times Union

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Air New Zealand to launch $1.5 bln recapitalisation as borders set to reopen – Reuters

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An Air New Zealand Boeing 777-300ER plane taxis after landing at Kingsford Smith International Airport in Sydney, Australia, February 22, 2018. REUTERS/Daniel Munoz

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March 30 (Reuters) - Air New Zealand Ltd (AIR.NZ) said on Wednesday it would raise NZ$2.2 billion ($1.53 billion) to shore up its pandemic-hit balance sheet and repay a government-liquidity package of NZ$2 billion as New Zealand's international border reopens.

The equity capital raise will be conducted via a deeply-discounted rights issue and redeemable shares raising NZ$1.8 billion, of which NZ$850 million will be used to repay outstanding debt owed to the New Zealand government, which owns 51.9% of the airline.

The remaining NZ$950 million will be used to strengthen the balance sheet and aid recovery from the COVID-19 ravages, the carrier said. It has also undertaken a fresh debt of NZ$400 million from the government to provide additional liquidity.

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"The timing is right to position our airline for recovery," Chairman Therese Walsh told reporters.

The carrier, which uses a June-end financial year, plans to return to 2019 profit levels by 2025 and to restart dividends by 2026, she said.

Chief Executive Greg Foran said capacity would reach 90% of pre-pandemic levels by 2025 but would be weighted more toward domestic flights than in the past.

The two-for-one rights issue will be offered to shareholders on record on April 5 at a 61.5% discount to the last traded price.

The shares closed at NZ$1.375 on Wednesday.

Air New Zealand had last month flagged its worst annual loss since 2001 due to a combination of an Auckland lockdown, expiring government relief schemes, rising fuel prices and an international border closure. read more

As international borders reopen, the carrier has seen some improvement in sales, prompting the company to forecast an annual underlying loss before tax and significant items to be less than NZ$800 million, lower than its earlier view.

It logged an underlying loss before tax and one-off charges of NZ$440 million in the last financial year.

The government earlier this month moved up the opening of international borders to some travellers after more than two years of COVID-19 isolation. read more

Vaccinated travellers from Australia, New Zealand's biggest source of tourists, can enter the country without the need to quarantine from April 12 rather than July as previously planned.

Tourists from visa-waiver countries including the United States, Britain and Singapore will now able to visit from May 1.

($1 = 1.4366 New Zealand dollars)

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Reporting by Sameer Manekar in Bengaluru and Jamie Freed in Sydney; Editing by Sherry Jacob-Phillips and Raju Gopalakrishnan

Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles.

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Clareburt, Gasson, Fairweather Ready for New Zealand Championships – SwimSwam

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The 2022 New Zealand Swimming Championships kick off on Monday with the likes of big gunsLewis Clareburt, Helena GassonandErika Fairweatherpoised to take to the Sir Owen G. Glenn National Aquatic Centre.

In light of the coronavirus pandemic, Swimming New Zealand has adjusted this years championships to span 6 days, starting one day earlier than scheduled. This resulted in a warm-up day being removed, while relay races have also been removed from the daily agenda.

These Championships represent a World Championships qualification opportunity for swimmers, although Swimming New Zealand has adopted an open meet qualification system. That means any single FINA-approved event between April 1, 2021 and April 10, 2022, can count toward qualification, as long as the swimmer posts a time that meets or dips under the FINA A cut in the event.

Key entries next week include Clarburt taking on the 400m IM, 200m free and 400m free, while Gasson is carrying a monster schedule that has the 100m back, 100m fly, 200m back, 200m breast, 50m back, 200m fly and 50m breast included.

It was at the last edition of the FINA World Championships where Clareburt wowed the world with a bronze medal finish in the mens 400m IM. He wound up finishing 7th in the 4IM in Tokyo, rendering him hungry for a Commonwealth Games and possible World Championships medal for this new calendar year.

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Planes, trains and the climate crisis why New Zealand shouldnt be closing its railways – The Guardian

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For a people represented by a unique flightless bird, Kiwis do a lot of flying. While globally, aviation emissions represented just under 3% of carbon dioxide emissions in 2019, for New Zealand the figure was 12%. New Zealand ranks sixth in per capita aviation emissions, at one tonne of carbon dioxide per person, about 10 times the world average. It ranks fourth for per capita emissions in domestic aviation just ahead of Canada, even though Canada is 40 times the size of New Zealand.

Perhaps this is not surprising. New Zealand is far away from most population centres. It has a large tourist industry and a population with globally dispersed families 27% of the population was born overseas, and an estimated one million Kiwis live overseas.

But it is a problem, for there is no easy way to replace fossil fuels for long-haul flying. As John Vidal, the Guardians former environment editor, points out, the only real option in the short- to medium-term is less flying. Vidal mentions passenger rail as an alternative in the UK and Europe. But it is not an alternative in New Zealand, because we have dismantled our long-distance passenger rail network, a process that has now entered a critical and possibly terminal phase.

The national rail service operator, KiwiRail, announced in late 2021 that it was suspending the Northern Explorer train. This linked the largest city, Auckland, with the capital, Wellington, along a corridor containing 60% of New Zealands population. Also gone is the train linking the ferry port of Picton with the South Islands largest city, Christchurch. Removing the Northern Explorer leaves New Zealand as the only advanced economy in the world without either a day or a night train linking its largest cities.

Now the only alternatives are driving, flying or catching a bus. But even though the latter is a low carbon form of travel, New Zealand stands out internationally for the poor quality of its long-distance coach services. While countries like the UK, Norway, the United States and Australia have long had buses with onboard toilets, New Zealand does not. Nor are there many good, accessible off-bus or roadside toilets. Weatherproof bus stops are few and far between.

The only political party that supports long-distance passenger rail is the Green party. But even they have been pretty much silent on the issue of train suspensions. A Rail Plan was released by the government in 2021, but it gives no support to long-distance passenger rail. The Climate Change Commission has been equally silent on the contribution that long-distance rail could make to decarbonise domestic travel.

It has primarily been non-governmental organisations and individuals that have argued for passenger rail. In 2017 the advocacy group Greater Auckland set out a plan for developing rapid rail within the golden triangle of Auckland, Hamilton and Tauranga. A Save our Trains campaign was launched in January 2022 to bring back long distance passenger rail. These campaigns recognise the benefits of rail in terms of lowering carbon emissions and connecting communities.

Meanwhile, the airline industry continues to promote growth. There are expansion plans for both Wellington and Auckland airports and a proposal, funded by ratepayer-owned Christchurch Airport, to build a large international airport in Otago. This also involves government funding.

So if the government sees the future of long-distance travel in New Zealand being almost solely dependent on planes, does it have a clear strategy for decarbonising domestic aviation? The draft Emissions Reduction Plan had few details, although it was acknowledged that for land transport, the Emissions Trading Scheme (which also covers domestic aviation) will be unable to deliver the complete transformation that is required.

Then, in November at Cop26 in Glasgow, New Zealand and 22 other nations joined the International Aviation Climate Ambition Coalition, committing, among other things, to preparing up-to-date state action plans detailing ambitious and concrete national action to reduce aviation emissions.

What would such a plan look like? In a new report, I look at all the options. Global interest in net zero aviation by 2050 is rising, and New Zealand needs a bold national plan to begin the rapid decarbonisation of regional travel. Given the significant challenges of reducing emissions from flying, that plan should include trains.

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Planes, trains and the climate crisis why New Zealand shouldnt be closing its railways - The Guardian

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