Daily Archives: March 4, 2022

Russian invasion of Ukraine and resulting US sanctions threaten the future of the International Space Station – Stuff Magazines

Posted: March 4, 2022 at 4:50 pm

New U.S. sanctions on Russiawill encompass Russias space agency, Roscosmos, according to aspeech U.S. President Joe Biden gaveon Feb. 24, 2022.

In response to these sanctions, the head of Roscosmos on the same dayposted a tweet saying, among other things, If you block cooperation with us, who will save the ISS from an uncontrolled deorbit and fall into the United States or Europe?

The International Space Station has often stayed above the fray of geopolitics. That position is under threat.

Built and run by the U.S., Russia, Europe, Japan and Canada, the ISS has shown how countries can cooperate on major projects in space. The station has been continuously occupied for over 20 years and hashosted more than 250 people from 19 countries.

As a space policy expert, the ISS represents, to me, a high point of cooperation in space exploration. But forthe current crewof two Russians, four Americans and one German, things may be getting worrisome as tensions rise between the U.S. and Russia.

Several agreements and systems are in place to make sure that the space station can function smoothly while being run by five different space agencies. As of Feb. 24, there were no announcements of unusual actions aboard the station despite the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine. But the Russian government has brought the ISS into geopolitics before and is doing so again.

What came to be known as the International Space Station was first conceived on NASA drawing boards in the early 1980s. As costs rose past initial estimates,NASA officials invited international partnersfrom the European Space Agency, Canada and Japan to join the project.

When the Soviet Union collapsed at the end of the Cold War in the early 1990s, the Russian space programfound itself in dire straits, suffering from lack of funding and an exodus of engineers and program officials. To take advantage ofRussian expertise in space stationsand foster post-Cold War cooperation, the NASA administrator at the time, Dan Goldin,convinced the Clinton administrationto bring Russia into the program that was rechristened the International Space Station.

By 1998, just prior to the launch of the first modules, Russia, the U.S. and the other international partners of the ISS entered intomemorandums of understandingthat spelled out how major decisions would be made and what kind of control each nation would have over various parts of the station.

The body thatgoverns the operation of the space stationis the Multilateral Coordination Board. This board has representatives from each of the space agencies involved in the ISS and is chaired by the U.S. The board operates by consensus in making decisions on things like acode of conduct for ISS crews.

Even among international partners who want to work together, consensus is not always possible. If this happens, either the chair of the board can make decisions on how to move forward or the issue can be elevated to the NASA administrator and the head of the Russian space agency, Roscosmos.

While the overall operations of the station are run by the Multilateral Coordination Board, things are more complicated when it comes to the modules themselves.

The International Space Station is made of16 different segmentsconstructed by different countries, including the U.S., Russia, Japan, Italy and the European Space Agency. Under the ISS agreements, each country maintains control over how its modules are used. This includes the RussianZarya, which provides electricity and propulsion to the station, andZvezda, which provides all of the stations life support systems like oxygen production and water recycling.

The result is that ISS modules are treated legally as if they areterritorial extensionsof their countries of origin. While all crew onboard can theoretically be in and use any of the modules, how they are used must be approved by each country.

While the ISS has functioned under this structure remarkably well since its launch more than 20 years ago, there have been some disputes.

When Russian forces annexedthe Ukrainian territory of Crimea in 2014, the U.S. imposed economic sanctions on Russia. As a result, Russian officialsannounced that they would no longer launchU.S. astronauts to and from the space station beginning in 2020. Since NASA had retired the space shuttle in 2011, the U.S. was entirely dependent on Russian rockets to get astronauts to and from the ISS, and this threat could have meant the end of the American presence aboard the space station entirely.

While Russia did not follow through on its threat and continued to transport U.S. astronauts, the threat needed to be taken seriously. The situation today is quite different. The U.S. has been relying on private SpaceX rockets to transport astronauts to and from the ISS. This makes potential Russian threats to launch access less meaningful.

But the invasion of Ukraine does seem to have upped the intensity of geopolitical maneuvering involving the ISS.

The new U.S. sanctions are designed to degrade their aerospace industry, including their space program. Thetweet in responsefrom Dmitry Rogozin, the head of Roscosmos, explained that Russian modules are key to moving the station when it needs to dodgespace junkor adjust its orbit. He went on to say that Russia could eitherrefuse to move the station when needed or even crash it into the U.S., Europe, India or China.

Though dramatic, this is likely an idle threat due to both political consequences and the practical difficulty of getting Russian cosmonauts off the ISS safely. But I am concerned about how the invasion will affect the remaining years of the space station.

In December 2021, theU.S. announced its intention toextend operation of ISS operations from its planned end date of 2024 to 2030. Most ISS partners expressed support for the plan, but Russia will also need to agree to keep the ISS operating beyond 2024. Without Russias support, the station and all of its scientific and cooperative achievements may face an early end.

The ISS has served as a prime example for how nations can cooperate with one another in an endeavor that has been relatively free from politics. Increasing tensions, threats and more aggressive Russian actions including itsrecent test of anti-satellite weapons are straining the realities of international cooperation in space going forward.

This article first appeared on The Conversation.

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Two thirds of people in Yorkshire support scrapping Universal Credit – Yorkshire Live

Posted: at 4:48 pm

Almost two thirds of people in Yorkshire believe the Universal Credit system is not fit for purpose and should be scrapped, according to a survey by YorkshireLive.

Out of more than 2,500 people who responded to the survey, 63% said they believe the system should be scrapped while only 24% believe it should remain in place.

The remaining 12% were unsure.

Click here for more benefits news from Yorkshire Live.

The survey had 2,686 responses across Yorkshire.

Universal Credit was first legislated for in 2012 and was designed to replace and simplify a number of benefits like Employment and Support Allowance and Child Tax Credit.

The new system has proved controversial with many claiming it was impossible to live off the benefit.

Late last year, the governments 20 uplift on Universal Credit payments ended leading many people to protest to their MPs.

Other changes to the system which came early this year including an increase in line with the consumer price index of 3.1%.

The time allowed for jobseekers to search for employment in their preferred sector while on Universal Credit has also been cut from three months to four weeks.

In January of this year, the Commission on Social Security called for a massive rework of the entire benefits system.

There are many ways of keeping up-to-date with everything happening across Yorkshire as our journalists work day and night to bring you the very latest news.

We have our YorkshireLive app which is completely customisable and means you will only get the news which matters to you.

And we also send out daily newsletters which bring the best news and features direct to your inbox.

You can sign up very simply by popping your email address in the box at the top of this article, just under the picture, or clicking here.

They called for a Universal Basic Income (UBI) to be paid to all adults in the UK of 163.50 a week.

UBI would be unconditional amount of money that every adult would receive no matter what they earn., creating a'minimum income floor' which supporters believe will reduce poverty.

It is an idea which has been gaining in popularity around the world with a trial of 2,000 people in Finland showing people who received UBI went on to get jobs anyway and reported better mental wellbeing, less stress, a greater ability to concentrate and they were more likely to successfully manage their financial situation.

Both the Scottish and the Welsh governments have publicly supported the idea, with the Welsh government set to trial UBI and the Scottish government planning to introduce a form of UBI they call a 'minimum income guarantee'.

Calls for a basic income increased during the pandemic with more than 170 MPs and Lords calling for it in 2020, although the government did not introduce the system as they said it could provide a disincentive for people to work as well as being expensive.

The majority of people in Yorkshire also support this with 60% of replies to our survey in favour of UBI, compared to just under a third against and eight percent unsure.

As oil prices hit record highs alongside gas prices, the cost of living has been rising to record levels in recent days, especially the cost of energy.

Inflation is also the highest it has been since 1992, leading to massive increases in the cost of food and other essentials.

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DARPA asks Raytheon BBN and USC researchers to test limits of quantum computing for military applications – Military & Aerospace Electronics

Posted: at 4:46 pm

ARLINGTON, Va. U.S. military researchers are asking two research organizations to find new ways of measuring the long-term utility of next-generation quantum computing technology for military applications.

Officials of the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in Arlington, Va., announced contracts in February to Raytheon BBN in Cambridge, Mass., and to the University of Southern California (USC) in Los Angeles for the Quantum Benchmarking program.

DARPA is asking Raytheon BBN and USC to determine if industry could design application-specific and hardware-agnostic benchmarks to test the utility of and best applications for quantum computers, as well as estimate the hardware resources necessary for quantum computing operations.

Raytheon BBN won a $2.9 million contract on 24 Feb. 2022, and USC won a $4.1 million contract on 23 Feb. 2022 for the DARPA Quantum Benchmarking program.

Related: Researchers approach industry for test metrics to measure the utility and efficiency of quantum computing

Future generations of quantum computing are expected to solve computing problems of unprecedented size and complexity, or those that today's most powerful computers are unable to solve. Quantum computing represents a new computing paradigm that capitalizes on the quantum mechanical phenomena of superposition and entanglement to create states that scale exponentially with number of quantum bits.

Experts believe that quantum computers within the next few decades will revolutionize scientific and technical fields like machine learning, quantum chemistry, materials discovery, molecular simulation, many-body physics, classification, nonlinear dynamics, supply chain optimization, drug discovery, battery catalysis, genomic analysis, fluid dynamics, and protein structure prediction.

For some of these examples, quantum computers are expected to be useful simulators. In others, quantum computers will be expected to handle combinatorial complexity that is intractable for conventional computers.

What today's computer scientists don't know, however, is what size, quality, and configuration of quantum computer would enable kinds of advances that military systems integrators will need in the future.

Related: Wanted: quantum computing with size, weight, and power consumption (SWaP) small enough for military missions

Still to be answered are questions like what applications could benefit most from quantum computing, and at what kind of scaling; how can systems integrators understand the new core computational capability of quantum computing; and what kind of metrics and testing procedures do scientists need for quantifying progress towards quantum computing capabilities.

That's where the DARPA Quantum Benchmarking project comes in. The project seeks to distil benchmarks for quantum utility to be useful for specific applications at specific scales -- especially using the kinds of metrics that suitable for driving research and development.

The Quantum Benchmarking contractors will create new benchmarks that quantitatively measure progress towards specific computational challenges. In parallel, the program seeks estimate the computer hardware necessary to measure benchmark performance. The project's benchmarks will be hardware-agnostic for problems where quantum approaches most likely will be needed.

The Quantum Benchmarking contractors will quantify the long-term utility of quantum computers by solving some hard problems from a list of application in a variety of military domains, and grouping these application by common enabling capabilities.

Related: The future of artificial intelligence and quantum computing

Raytheon BBN and USC also will develop test procedures for quantifying progress in research; create scalable multi-dimensional benchmarks; and develop tools for estimating necessary quantum hardware resources for hard-to-achieve military capabilities.

The two organizations will analyze applications that require large-scale, universal, fault-tolerant quantum computers; estimates of the classical and quantum resources necessary to execute quantum algorithms on large-scale; applications of fault tolerance and error correction; and nontraditional quantum computing paradigms.

Raytheon BBN and USC researchers will focus on two technical areas: hardware-agnostic approaches, and hardware-specific approaches.

For more information contact Raytheon BBN online at http://www.raytheonintelligenceandspace.com/what-we-do/bbn, USC at https://research.usc.edu, or DARPA at http://www.darpa.mil/program/quantum-benchmarking.

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DARPA asks Raytheon BBN and USC researchers to test limits of quantum computing for military applications - Military & Aerospace Electronics

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NATO and White House recognize post-quantum threats and prepare for Y2Q – VentureBeat

Posted: at 4:46 pm

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Over the past decade, encryption has emerged as one of the key solutions that organizations use to secure enterprise communications, services and applications. However, the development of quantum computing is putting these defenses at risk, with the next generation of computers having the capability to decrypt these PKC algorithms.

While quantum computing technology is still in its infancy, the potential threat of PKC decryption remains. Yesterday, the NATO Cyber Security Center (NCSC) announced that it had tested a post-quantum VPN provider by U.K.-based quantum computing provider Post-Quantum, to secure its communication flows.

Post-Quantums VPN uses quantum cryptography that it claims is complex enough to prevent a malicious quantum computer from decrypting transmissions.

The development of these post-quantum cryptographic solutions offers a solution that enterprises and technical decision makers can use to protect their encrypted data from quantum computers.

NATO isnt alone in taking post-quantum cyber attacks seriously. The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) recently announced that it was developing a standard to migrate to post-quantum cryptography to begin replacing hardware, software, and services that rely on public-key algorithms.

At the same time, the White House is also concerned over the threat raised by post-quantum computing, recently releasing a National Security Memorandum which gave the National Security Agency (NSA) 30 days to update the Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite (CNSA Suite) and to add quantum-resistant cryptography.

The memorandum also noted that within 180 days, agencies that handle national security systems must identify all instances of encryption not in compliance with NSA-approved Quantum Resistant Algorithms and chart a timeline to transition these systems to use compliant encryption, to include quantum resistant encryption.

While quantum computers arent capable of decrypting modern public key algorithms like RSA, Post-Quantums CEO Andersen Cheng believes that as quantum technology develops we will reach a Y2Q scenario, where all these security measures are obsolete in the face of the computational power of weaponized quantum computers.

People frequently talk about commercial quantum computers when referencing this Y2Q moment, and thats a long way off potentially 10-15 years away. But from a cybersecurity perspective, were not talking about slick commercial machines; a huge, poorly functioning prototype in the basement is all thats needed to break todays encryption, Cheng said.

It does not need to go through any benchmark review or certification, and this prospect is much closer and it could happen within the next three to five years, Cheng said.

If Cheng is correct that non-commercial quantum computing solutions could be developed to weaponize quantum computing in just a few years, then organizations have a fine timeline to enhance their encryption protections, or they risk handing malicious entities and nation-states a skeleton key to their private data.

However, its not just data that exposed post-Y2Q thats at risk; potentially any data encrypted data thats been harvested in the past could then be unencrypted as part of a retrospective attack.

Quantum decryption can be applied retrospectively, in that the groundwork for a harvest now, decrypt later attack could be laid today. This means that, if a rogue nation-state or bad actor intercepted data today, they could decrypt this harvested data once quantum computers capabilities exceed those of classical computers, he said.

As more enterprises recognize the need for quantum cryptography in a post-quantum world, the post-quantum cryptography market is anticipated to reach $9.5 billion by 2029, with more than 80% of revenues from the market coming from web browsers, the IoT, machine tools, and the cybersecurity industry.

While quantum computing could pose a substantial threat to enterprises down the line, there are a wide range of solution providers emerging who are developing state-of-the-art post-quantum cryptographic solutions to mitigate this.

One such provider is UK-based post-quantum provider PQShield, which offers a range of quantum-secure solutions from IoT firm to PKI mobile and server technologies, as well as end-user applications.

Some of PQShields most recently developments include researchers and engineers contributing to the NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization Process, and the company recently raising $20 million as part of a Series A funding round.

Another promising provider is Crypta Labs, which raised 5.5 million ($7.4 million USD) in seed funding in 2020, and recently developed the worlds first space compliant Quantum Random Number Generator, which will be used to securely encrypt satellite data.

Post-Quantum itself is also in a strong position, with its encryption algorithm NTS-KEM becoming the only code-based finalist in the NIST process to identify a cryptographic standard to replace RSA and Elliptic Curve for PKC in the post-quantum world.

In any case, the wave of providers developing state of the art cryptographic algorithms means there are plenty of solutions for enterprises to deploy to mitigate the risk of quantum computing, now and in the future, to ensure that their private data stays protected.

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D-Wave and CaixaBank Collaborate on Quantum Applications for Finance Industry – HPCwire

Posted: at 4:46 pm

VALENCIA, Spain & BURNABY, BC, Canada, March 3, 2022 CaixaBank, the leading financial group in Spain, and D-Wave Systems Inc., a global leader in quantum computing systems, software, and services, and the only provider building both annealing and gate-model quantum computers, today announced the business results for two significant financial quantum hybrid computing applications for investment portfolio optimization and investment hedging calculation. The quantum hybrid applications have significantly decreased compute time to solve complex financial problems, improving investment portfolio optimization, increasing a bond portfolio internal rate of return (IRR), and minimizing the capital needed for hedging operations, as a result of their collaboration.

Quantum in Investment Portfolio Hedging and Bond Portfolio Optimization

CaixaBanks Life insurance and Pensions company, VidaCaixa, leveraged D-Waves Leapquantum cloud service and quantum hybrid solvers which combine the strengths of classical and quantum computing to build a quantum computing application within their investment portfolio selection and allocation, and within their portfolio hedging efforts. With this project, CaixaBank Group becomes the first known financial services company in the world to apply quantum computing in investment hedging in the insurance sector. The group is evaluating putting the application into regular production not only in VidaCaixa but in other areas in the organization, over the coming months.

The CaixaBank Group team utilized D-Waves quantum hybrid solver services to code a faster algorithm, which markedly reduces the computing time necessary to reach an optimal solution to improve the investment portfolio hedging. What normally took the bank several hours of compute time was reduced to just minutes via quantum computing technology an up to 90% decrease in compute time over the traditional solution. This reduction of compute time facilitates increased modeling complexity, allowing for a more dynamic model that is better adapted to real-time markets; optimizes the invested capital while maintaining constant risk levels; and improves the hedging decision-making process.

When it comes to investment portfolio selection and allocation, the algorithm rapidly generates portfolios that can be optimized against a higher variety of constraints in a reduced timeframe. The result was a successful application which optimizes IRR by 10% in a chosen portfolio of bonds.

We have always been an innovation-first organization, and very early on we recognized that investing in quantum computing could help us more efficiently provide state-of-the art products and services in order to offer the best client experience. This has been the case with this proof of concept, which confirms the bank as the first one in Spain, and one of the first in the world, to incorporate quantum computing into its daily activity, says Gonzalo Gortazar, CEO of CaixaBank. During his participation in a commissioning ceremony in Jlich, Germany, in which D-Wave announced the first Leap quantum cloud-based system outside North America at Forschungszentrum Jlich Supercomputing Centre, Gortazar confirmed CaixaBanks commitment to continue to explore the potential of quantum computing in the financial services industry: We are very appreciative of seeing this industry growing and maturing, and we look forward to upping our investment and our efforts in quantum, which is surely going to be transformational for our industry. We are very keen to work with D-Wave in this process.

Our focus has always been on the development and delivery of quantum computing for practical applications and business value, said Alan Baratz, CEO of D-Wave. The finance industry is undergoing massive transformation at this moment in time, which is why the industry is poised for great business benefit from quantum computing investment. CaixaBank has a clear vision for implementing market-ready quantum applications to drive efficiency, client value, and scale. We look forward to continued collaboration with them as they expand their offerings and identify additional quantum computing use-cases.

CaixaBanks Quantum Journey

In 2019, CaixaBank set up a team of experts with IT technicians, mathematicians, and risk analysts dedicated to innovation in the quantum field in a multidisciplinary way, in order to explore the potential for quantum technology to enhance the banks different capacities in diverse fields, such as risk assessment and tail risk simulators, fraud detection with artificial intelligence and machine learning, quantum safe cryptography, portfolio selection and allocation, and data mining optimization.

One of the first projects was the implementation of a quantum algorithm capable of assessing the financial risk of two portfolios created specifically for the project based on real data, one consisting of mortgages and the other, treasury bills.

In 2020, CaixaBank developed the first machine learning algorithm to classify risks in Spanish banking leveraging quantum computing. In that case, CaixaBank combined quantum computing and conventional computing in different phases of the calculation process to classify credit risk profiles. To do this, CaixaBank used a public data set corresponding to 1,000 artificial users, with a similar profile to existing customers, but with information configured specifically for the test.

In this project, CaixaBank used the Leap quantum cloud service to access D-Waves quantum hybrid solver service that incorporates the Advantage quantum computer. The cloud-access and real-time service empowers businesses like the bank and countless others across industries to solve large and complex business-scale problems. To date, D-Wave customers have built hundreds of early applications using their systems, including protein folding, financial modeling, scheduling, logistics, manufacturing optimization, machine learning, route optimization, and more. With these results, CaixaBank is working towards putting hybrid quantum applications into production.

About CaixaBank

CaixaBank is the leading financial group in Spain. After its merger with Bankia, the bank has assets of 685.74 billion, making it Spains largest bank, and one of the leading banks in Europe. CaixaBank also has a strong presence in Portugal, where it controls 100% of BPI.

The Group, chaired by Jos Ignacio Goirigolzarri and led by Gonzalo Gortzar, has around 21 million customers and the largest commercial network in Spain and Portugal, and it is a leader in digital banking with 73.1% of clients being digital.

About D-Wave Systems Inc.

D-Wave is a leader in the development and delivery of quantum computing systems, software and services and is the worlds first commercial supplier of quantum computers and the only company developing both annealing quantum computers and gate-model quantum computers. Our mission is to unlock the power of quantum computing for business and society, today. We do this by delivering customer value with practical quantum applications for problems as diverse as logistics, artificial intelligence, materials sciences, drug discovery, scheduling, cybersecurity, fault detection, and financial modeling. D-Waves systems are being used by some of the worlds most advanced organizations, including NEC Corporation, Volkswagen, DENSO, Lockheed Martin, University of Southern California, Forschungszentrum Jlich and Los Alamos National Laboratory. With headquarters near Vancouver, Canada, D-Waves US operations are based in Palo Alto, CA. With headquarters and the Quantum Engineering Center of Excellence based near Vancouver, Canada, D-Waves U.S. operations are based in Palo Alto, Calif. D-Wave has a blue-chip investor base that includes PSP Investments, Goldman Sachs, BDC Capital, NEC Corp., Aegis Group Partners, and In-Q-Tel.

D-Wave announced in February it has entered into a definitive merger agreement with DPCM Capital, Inc. (DPCM Capital) (NYSE:XPOA), a publicly traded special purpose acquisition company. Upon closing of the transaction, shares of D-Wave Quantum Inc., a newly formed parent company of D-Wave and DPCM Capital, are expected to trade on the NYSE under the symbol QBTS. Learn more atwww.dwavesys.com/investors.

Source: D-Wave

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How QANPlatform is solving the White House’s Problem of Quantum Attacks – hackernoon.com

Posted: at 4:46 pm

President Joe Biden issued a memorandum outlining measures to strengthen the cybersecurity of the Department of Defense, Intelligence Community, and domestic surveillance networks. The memorandum says that the NSA needs to make available quantum-resistant protocols and pl for the use of quantum encryption where necessary. QAN Platforms unique Lattice-based post-quantum cryptographic algorithm implemented in Rust programming language secures against quantum computer attacks. The level of denial is still absurdly high related to the topic, says co-founder Johann Polecsak.

In compliance with the cybersecurity executive order released in January 2022, President Joe Biden issued a memorandum outlining measures to strengthen the cybersecurity of the Department of Defense, Intelligence Community, and domestic surveillance networks.

The memorandum says that the NSA needs to make available quantum-resistant protocols and pl for the use of quantum-resistant cryptography where necessary. QANPlatforms Lattice-based post-quantum cryptographic algorithm implemented in Rust programming language secures against quantum computer attacks. QAN uses a proof-of-randomness consensus algorithm, multi-language smart contract development, lattice-based post-quantum cryptographic algorithm, and multi-language smart contract programmed in Rust language.

Johann Polecsak, Co-founder at QANPlatform, said:

"The recent memorandum published byWhiteHouse.govon Improving the Cybersecurity of National Security must open everyone's eyes how close the problem really is. The level of denial is still absurdly high related to the topic. Unfortunately, a lot of "semi-experts" misinform and convince the general public that the problem can be easily mitigated in the future. Upgrading already running, non-central decision capable distributed systems (e.g. Blockchains) will be IMPOSSIBLE without making cruel sacrifices to existing wallet holders (like losing funds if not migrating to post-quantum wallets in a given timeframe). Everyone holding any crypto-asset should educate themselves on the issue from credible sources."

Hackernoon, in an exclusive interview with Johann Polecask, discussed why Quantum computing can break Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchain.

Quantum technologyis a form of technology that relies on the conceptof quantum mechanics, the physics of sub-atomic particles. This is known as quantum entanglement when two atoms are interconnected or intertwined despite being apart. When you alter one of their attributes, the other modifies as well. As if that wasnt sufficient, quantum physics states that simply looking at an atom changes its attributes. One idea is to use quantum-protected encryption keys to enhance communication safety. Entangled atoms can be used to identify whether data transmission has been tampered with.

The quantum superposition principle asserts that subatomic particles can exist in several states simultaneously. The Schrodingers Cat theoretical question revolves around a cat, a vial of poison, and a radioactive source enclosed in a sealed chamber. When a Geiger detector identifies radiation, the flask is shattered, spilling the poison and killing the cat. Because radioactivity detection is a statistical procedure, the cat could be dead or alive. At the same time, the container is shut, with the verdict only being verified when you open the box and see the animal in either condition.

Quantum computers are the most prominent use of thisinterpretation of reality. Quantum computers use qubits, which can be one, zero, sometimes at the same time, as opposed to digital computers, which gather data as bits (ones and zeros in binary). This superposition conditionopens up a virtually endless number of options, enablingextraordinarily quick parallel and synchronous computations.

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Johann Polecsak, Co-founder at QANPlatform, said:

Hackernoon, in an exclusive interview with Johann Polecask, discussed why Quantum computing can break Bitcoin and Ethereum blockchain.

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Global Photonic Integrated Circuit And Quantum Computing Market 2021 Latest Innovations, Technological Progress, Regional Outlook and Forecast to 2027…

Posted: at 4:46 pm

The Global Photonic Integrated Circuit And Quantum Computing Market report conducted by MarketQuest.biz analyses the projection period of 2021-2027 and includes a detailed competitive analysis and market growth outlook for the industrial sector. The study looks at the industrys history, development prospects, and the success of the key dealers in the industry. Photonic Integrated Circuit And Quantum Computing evaluates feasible options as well as the contributing elements that will lead to sector improvement. The research investigates historical growth trends, current development factors, and anticipated tenders.

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Ghislaine Maxwell trial juror may receive immunity to testify – The Guardian

Posted: at 4:45 pm

A juror in Ghislaine Maxwells criminal trial who apparently did not disclose childhood sexual abuse during jury selection may receive immunity to testify before the judge deciding whether the verdict will stand.

Prosecutors said in a submission to US district judge Alison J Nathan on Wednesday that they were in the process of seeking approvals to offer immunity to the man to compel his testimony at a hearing next Tuesday. They said the immunity offer was considered after the jurors lawyer told the judge that his client planned to invoke his fifth amendment privilege against self-incrimination at the hearing.

Thejuror, who is named Scotty David, was on 24 February ordered to appear in court for questioning about his answers on a screening questionnaire for then-prospective jurors.

Davids completed questionnaire, which was made public last week, shows that he marked the no box in response to the question that asked: Have you or a friend ever been the victim of sexual harassment, sexual abuse, or sexual assault?

The fact that David apparently marked no has spurred extensive controversy as he has claimed in post-trial interviews that he was victimized in his youth.

The British former socialite Maxwell was convicted on 29 December on sex trafficking and other related charges for facilitating financier Jeffrey Epsteins sexual abuse of minor girls, some just 14 years old.

Epstein, a convicted sex offender whose associates once included rich and powerful figures such as Prince Andrew, was apprehended in July 2019 for sex trafficking of minor teens. Epstein killed himself about one month later while jailed in Manhattan awaiting trial.

The controversy surrounding David took off after Maxwells trial.

David claimed in media interviews that he endured sexual abuse in childhood. David said that he told other jurors about this abuse enabling them to understand facts from a victims perspective. When those reports emerged, prosecutors asked Nathan to conduct an inquiry into his comments. Maxwells legal team made that request shortly thereafter.

Nathan agreed to do so, writing in her recent decision: Following trial, Juror 50 made several direct, unambiguous statements to multiple media outlets about his own experience that do not pertain to jury deliberations and that cast doubt on the accuracy of his responses during jury selection.

She said: Juror 50s post-trial statements are clear, strong, substantial and incontrovertible evidence that a specific, non-speculative impropriety namely, a false statement during jury selection has occurred.

In a letter to Nathan filed on Wednesday morning, Davids lawyer, Todd Spodek, said: I write to inform the court that Juror 50 will invoke his fifth amendment privilege against self-incrimination at the hearing.

Later on Wednesday, Maxwells attorney Bobbi Sternheim wrote to the judge, saying Spodek should explain why his client wants to assert the fifth amendment and prosecutors should tell why they are willing to provide immunity to the juror. She noted that the juror had said publicly that he answered all questions honestly.

Prosecutors responded shortly thereafter, saying in a letter that they would try to compel Davids testimony.

The government writes to notify the court that it is in the process of seeking internal approval to seek an order compelling Juror 50s testimony at the hearing, they said. The government will, subject to internal approval, submit a proposed order to the court in advance of the hearing.

Defense lawyers asked the judge to toss out the verdict based on the jurors revelations and order a new trial. They said if she did not do so, she should question other jurors as well, especially after a second juror reportedly revealed post-trial a history of sex abuse. And they asked to explore Davids online and email communications.

But Nathan said last week she would limit the inquiry to her posing questions to David about his answers to the two questions she deemed relevant.The rest of the requests, she said, were vexatious, intrusive, unjustified, and a fishing expedition.

Link:
Ghislaine Maxwell trial juror may receive immunity to testify - The Guardian

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‘Tech Exec-1’ says he pleaded the Fifth to John Durham’s grand jury – Washington Examiner

Posted: at 4:45 pm

The Tech Executive-1 in John Durhams indictment of a Democratic cybersecurity lawyer testified in a lawsuit that he had invoked his Fifth Amendment rights when asked to testify by the special counsel.

Rodney Joffe, former senior vice president at Neustar, coordinated in 2016 with Clinton campaign lawyer Michael Sussmann, who was indicted last year for allegedly concealing his clients, including Hillary Clinton's campaign and Joffe, from the FBI in September 2016 when he pushed debunked claims of a secret back channel between the Trump Organization and Russia's Alfa Bank.

Alfa Bank filed a John Doe lawsuit and deposed Joffe in February. A common refrain from Joffe was: As a result of the ongoing investigation of the Office of the Special Counsel, on the advice of my counsel, Im going to decline to answer the question on the basis of my rights under the Fifth Amendment to the Constitution.

They did serve me with a grand jury subpoena, and I did invoke my Fifth Amendment rights, Joffe said, saying that the subpoena was for testimony and documents and that the subpoenas came after a request for an interview.

Joffe said Sussmann became an attorney for Neustar around 2010, and it continued until September when the indictment occurred. He pleaded the Fifth on whether Sussmann ever represented him personally. Joffe said he retired in mid-September.

Sussmann pleaded not guilty, with Durham revealing last month he has evidence Joffe exploited DNS internet traffic at Trump Tower, Donald Trumps Central Park West apartment building, and the Executive Office of the President.

CLINTON CONDEMNS 'CONSPIRACY THEORIES' RELATED TO DURHAM INVESTIGATION

Durham said in October that Joffe exploited his own companys access to the sensitive internet data of a high-ranking executive branch office of the U.S. government, both before and after the Presidential election." Joffe pleaded the Fifth when asked to identify the executive office. Joffes attorney said "that should not be interpreted as an admission that the ... allegations, which are just allegations in the indictment, are accurate.

Joffe said he had never heard of the Alfa Bank allegations prior to the summer of 2016.

When asked if it was possible to cause pings from a DNS perspective to make it look like a communication, he said, I have no idea. He denied manipulating the DNS data in the Alfa Bank allegations or creating false pings.

Durhams indictment of Sussmann alleged Joffe tasked researchers with mining internet data to establish a narrative tying then-candidate Trump to Russia. Durham said Joffe indicated he was doing this to please Clinton campaign VIPs."

Joffe said he was not paid by Clinton's campaign. He declined to say whether Clinton campaign lawyer Marc Elias or Fusion GPS were present when he discussed the Alfa Bank allegations with Sussmann in July 2016 and said he had never heard of Fusion before 2016.

Durham said that, shortly after Clintons loss, Joffe wrote in an email: "I was tentatively offered the top [cybersecurity] job by the Democrats when it looked like they'd win. I definitely would not take the job under Trump."

Joffe testified, Ive never been interested in politics. Ive never been involved in politics. ... I havent donated to any parties or given any kind of benefit to any parties, but I certainly over the last few years have had an interest in the politics of the country I live in. Joffe pleaded the Fifth on his thoughts about Trump.

He appears to have referred to himself as Max in a 2018 article pushing the Alfa Bank claims. Max described himself as a John McCain Republican. Joffe declined to say whether that was him.

Joffe claimed he did not anticipate holding any job in the Clinton administration and was not offered the top cybersecurity job if Democrats won. Joffe said he had no possible interest in joining Clinton's administration.

He denied knowing British ex-spy Christopher Steele and said he "had no firsthand knowledge" when asked if he knew Sussmann met with Steele about Alfa Bank claims.

Joffe also declined to answer which businesses he owns, and whether he knew the identity of a person dubbed "Originator-1," who Durham says collaborated with Joffe on the Alfa Bank claims. It is April Lorenzen of Zetalytics.

Joffe said Neustar has provided DNS data outside the company in the past, including "a set of DNS data that has no terms and conditions around it, and that data is provided to a number of parties including security researchers. He declined to say whether he believed DNS data is nonconfidential.

Joffe also said, I take the Fifth, when asked if he knows Daniel Jones, lead author of the Senate Intelligence Committees report on the CIAs interrogation program who founded the Democracy Integrity Project in January 2017. Tax records show he funded Steele, Fusion, and others.

Court records show Jones was asked by the Senate Armed Services Committee in 2017 to look into Alfa Bank allegations, and his 2018 report concluded that "there was a special relationship between the Trump Organization server and servers associated with Alfa Bank.

Cybersecurity expert Robert Graham wrote that "the allegation that this proves a secret connect between Alfa Bank and a Trump server is clearly false.

Joffe said Kirk McConnell is the only person with the Senate committee he could recall.

CLICK HERE TO READ MORE FROM THE WASHINGTON EXAMINER

The special counsel has said Sussmann claimed to another agency, believed to be the CIA, in February 2017 that data he had access to demonstrated that Trump and/or his associates were using supposedly rare Russian-made wireless phones in the vicinity of the White House. Durham found "no support for these allegations." Joffe declined to answer whether Neustar provided the Russian phone data to university researchers.

Joffe testified he had gone through chemotherapy and used the drug Prednisone, claiming: I still have, you know, some effect with memory so, you know, my memory during the period when I was ill, which was from 2012 through 2017.

Original post:
'Tech Exec-1' says he pleaded the Fifth to John Durham's grand jury - Washington Examiner

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Cothren to take the Fifth in Registry probe TNJ – TN Journal

Posted: at 4:45 pm

Cade Cothren, speaking on phone, attends a meeting with lawmakers and fellow staffers on the balcony ouside the House chamber on April 29, 2019. (Erik Schelzig, Tenenssee Journal)

Cade Cothren, the onetime chief of staff to former House Speaker Glen Casada, intends to invoke his Fifth Amendment right against self incrimination at a Registry of Election Finance hearing on Wednesday, the Chattanooga Times Free Press reports.

Cade Cothren objects to and will not respond to your subpoena, his attorney, Cynthia A. Sherwood, wrote to the Registry last month. This objection is based on the grounds that these subpoenas were made in bad faith and are an abuse of process.

Furthermore, she added, Mr. Cothren invokes his Fifth Amendment privilege against self-incrimination.

The probe involves the role of the Faith Family Freedom Fund in attacking then-Rep. Rick Tillis of Lewisburg during his Republican primary in 2020. The PACs treasurer testified to the Registry by telephone in January that she had registered the group on behalf of Cothren, whom she had been dating at the time. Friedopfer said she had been young and dumb and didnt know she would be liable for the PACs activities. Cothren advised her not to respond to a Registry audit of the PAC, she said.

The Registry responded by issuing subpoenas of Cothren, Casada, and the winning candidate in the 2020 race, Rep. Todd Warner (R-Chapel Hill).

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Daily Archives: March 4, 2022

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Cothren to take the Fifth in Registry probe TNJ – TN Journal

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