Daily Archives: February 21, 2022

The Mystery of Methane on Mars Thickens – Eos

Posted: February 21, 2022 at 6:42 pm

Editors Vox is a blog from AGUs Publications Department.

The presence and concentration of methane (CH4) in the martian atmosphere is of paramount importance to planetary scientists and exobiologists because it could be the signal of present or past microbial life. Alternatively, it could be related to nonbiological processes including present or past volcanism or hydrothermal activity.

The discrepancy between the CH4 detection from measurements by Curiosity on the surface in Gale Crater and the CH4 non-detection by the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) from orbit has led to a vibrant debate in the scientific community. Two recent articles published in AGU journals (Luo et al., 2021 and Videz-Moreiras et al., 2021) start from the premise that both measurements are correct and use innovative approaches to characterize the potential source regions of the CH4 emissions and resulting implications that would reconcile the different data sets. They converge on a surprising result.

Earth-based and orbital observations of methane in the Martian atmosphere have been reported since 1999 and they are at odds since the beginning. They show highly variable and inconsistent methane concentrations, with global averages ranging from 5 to 33 ppbv (Pla-Garca et al., 2019). Over the last years, Curiosity has observed in Gale a background level of ~0.41 ppbv with a few episodic spikes up to ~21 ppbv (Webster et al., 2021). Intriguingly, concurrent TGO observations of the atmosphere in the vicinity of Gale resulted in no detection, with estimated global (planet-average) upper limits as small as 0.02 ppbv (Montmessin et al., 2021).

To pinpoint the possible source areas of CH4 emissions, the study by Videz-Moreiras et al. (2021) uses atmospheric dispersion modeling while Luo et al. (2021) uses back trajectory analysis.

Based on prevailing modeled winds, Videz-Moreiras et al. (2021) map out downstream emission regions by predicting how much methane released at a given area and time can reach Curiosity (Eulerian approach), while Luo et al. (2021) map out upstream emission regions by transporting backwards in time the amount of methane measured by Curiosity (Lagrangian approach).

In both cases, Curiosity measurements provide the ground truth, and the upper limits of TGO measurements provide the boundary condition for the maximum global average CH4 concentration.

The seemingly contradictory observations used as constraints and combined with a rigorous scientific logic lead the authors of the two studies to infer that only very small CH4 emissions coming from a source located in the northwestern rim of Gale Crater, i.e., from very close to the rover, can lead to a detection by Curiosity and non-detection by TGO. The result also excludes globally all other sources of methane as such sources would generate a global background level larger than the upper limit (0.02 ppbv) observed by TGO.

The Martian scientists are therefore left with the following alternative scenarios, all of which have difficulties: (1) Curiosity has landed on or right next to the only CH4 source on the planet, which is extremely unlikely, (2) there is something wrong with the measurements, but this possibility has been investigated in detail and ruled out (Webster et al., 2018, 2021), 3) CH4 lifetime in the Martian atmosphere is for some unknown reason much shorter than predicted by known chemistry, including the possibility of an unknown fast removal mechanism, which should not affect significantly other species, since the known chemistry explains well their behavior. The possible scenarios are nailed down but the mystery thickens.

Germn Martnez (gmartinez@lpi.usra.edu; 0000-0001-5885-236X), Associate Editor, JGR: Planets; Anni Mttnen ( 0000-0002-7326-8492), Editor, JGR: Planets; and David Baratoux ( 0000-0002-1785-5262), Editor, Earth and Space Science

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Objective Mars: Inserm, from science to health – Vaughan Today

Posted: at 6:42 pm

A loyal partner of the Futuroscope, Inserm returns for the third time to the Chasseneuil-du-Poitou Park, near Poitiers. After opening a photo exhibition there in 2009, and then helping to design the virus-attack gravity in 2014, the institute this time teamed up with the National Center for Space Studies (Cnes) to imagine the Objectif Mars gravity, which was launched in June 2020.

Inserm has set out a fun trail overlooking the parks first roller coaster ride and very innovative. For fun of course but with the ambition to travel to Mars! The new attraction collides from the start: it appears to be down at the end of the park, but some of the solid outer bars, slightly sprawling and visible from afar, are interesting. With its 20 million investment, the largest to date for a Futuroscope, this roller coaster marks the beginning of a new era, highly immersive, and even more sensual. Screams of carriage escape partly permeate the waiting outside, as well as pre-boarding. This is where Inserm comes in.

Before embarking on a three-minute rail ride which is the norm in the park follow the handrails of a science course. Across the panels that line it, the visitor gathers a wealth of information, both amusing and incongruous, allowing to fix some solid knowledge about the space. Why do we age faster outside the atmosphere? Can you walk around Mars in a T-shirt? Covid-19 obliges, some trials planned, based on small manipulations, temporarily inaccessible. The fact remains that settling in the rickety seat of the astronaut, in the rocket before takeoff, sets the tone towards Mars, the rest will be minimal. Finally, the boarding platform shows the flow of passengers from very high; Nothing like it to raise the pressure a bit.

Every hour, about 1,000 people are propelled at 55 km/h (more than enough!) in small spinning carts that rush down the roller coaster. This means that the pace is continuous. The ride has a few surprises in store: At its most intense moment, youll experience solar flares, encounter strong magnetic fields, and then pick up speed, until an absolutely stunning finish. When you think youve done the job, the attraction suddenly loses height We wont say more than that. If the buggies were really inspired by the original NASA training equipment, the experience remains affordable: they heat up, then they vibrate. In short, a captivating experience that combines science and relaxation. Thanks to Inserm, you might be able to answer this thorny question: Will you hear screeching on Mars, too?

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Can You Grow Chickpeas on Mars? Plants Go to Space to Find Out – The Beet

Posted: at 6:42 pm

As the Shuttle lifts off Saturday with its first-ever crop of chickpea plants, we may be thinking: Why dont we do everything we can to save this planet, rather than worry about whether its possible to grow chickpeas in space? To live more sustainably, here on Earth, skip the ham sandwich and instead grab a tub of hummus and veggies.

If we want to elongate life on our planet, switch out the animal protein for plant protein like legumes, and chickpeas make a great snack and salad staple.

For the sake oflearning more aboutfood systemson this planet, scientists and astronauts are sending chickpea plants into spaceas researchersare hoping to find out more about how to grow plants more efficiently here on Earth. Space gives us a unique opportunity to do that.

"As climate change continues and Earth's population increases we will need to find a way to grow more using fewer resources.Plant control is a promising way forward. By controlling the plants we can tell them to grow faster or slower depending on the demand and available resources," says lead researcher on project Space Hummus Yonatan Winetraub, an instructor at Stanford University who holds a Ph.D. in biophysics.

"Space amplifies these issues, as we have very few resources available to grow plants in orbit. If we can grow plants on the moon, we can definitely help world hunger."

A mini greenhouse is ready for blastoff:Yonatan Winetraub (below) holdsa mini greenhouse that is heading to the International Space Stationwhere astronauts will grow chickpeas in zero-gravityin what's been dubbed, Project "Space Hummus."

Researchers With Project 'Space Hummus' Send A Mini Greenhouse To The International Space Station

Chickpeas going to space is a new frontier. Think of the idea of eating hummuson your moonwalk.

When Don't Look Up was the movie of the month, everyone was trying to talk about the ending without giving it away. Spoiler alert: A small group makes it to Mars and finds a veritable garden of Eden. They intend to "start over" there, with new plants and species.

In reality, there is little life on Mars, and its hard to fathom growing anything, so this week, a group of scientists will send chickpeas into space on the shuttle,on the cargo mission bound for the International Space Station. The question they are seeking to answer: Can you grow chickpeas, and other essential plant-based foods and proteins, without Mother Nature's own sunshine, earth, and atmosphere?

And if any of us live long enough to visit Mars, what will be on the menu, other than astronaut food? And once that runs out, will it be possible to grow, say, a garden salad, or crudites with a side of hummus?

This is not the first time that vegetables and plants have been attempted to be grown in outer space, or for that matter in simulations of lunar and Martian soil. For one thing, Matt Damon did a pretty amazing job of fictionally growing potatoes from spuds while stranded in his Mars module in the movie, The Martian, keeping himself alive for months by eating the offspring crops of 12 potatoes, until he could fix his spaceship and get back to Earth.

The first known plants to be grown in Martian soil were simulations, from rocks harvested in the Mojave Desert. (In the movie, Matt Damon uses soil made from his own feces.) In reality, neither desert soil nor self-fertilized soil will be used.

Then in 2014, German astronauts grew lettuce and a few other salad crops in highly controlled environments in space, watered by purified urine, which it turns out is a nifty way to re-introduce nitrates to the soil.

These chickpeas are being grown in a nutrition gel specifically designed for chickpeas. There is confidence among the scientific community that the plants will grow, based on light and soil, moisture, and oxygen in their controlled environment. But in a zero-gravity environment, will the plants grow up to the light? Gravity plays a role in the growth of vegetables. (That is why fiber exists, to help the plants stand and reach for the light.)

The other important question is will it act the same way without gravity? The other question the researchers want to answer is: How do you control the growth of the plants once they get them going since you want to make sure they don't use up all your oxygen or resources once they take hold. So what happens if it is too successful? Can you shut it off?

Success is affirming that chickpeas can be a viable product grown on Mars or in space, that can be started and stopped at will by scientists and future generations of hummus lovers, said a spokesperson close to the project. The goal is to maximize productivity and allow efficient management of resources on future space colonies on the moon and Mars.

Sabra, the hummus company is as excited as any chickpea lover that this is happening. If you are as amped as they are, you can get in on the action by trying to win a limited-edition T-shirt that they are giving away co-created with @haveanicedayy_. So, if you want to win one, and celebrate your love of hummus, chickpeas on Mars, and the epic occasion, head to their social posts to find out how to enter for your chance to win.

So far, scientists have grown nine vegetables in a simulatedMartianor lunar soil: Tomatoes, radishes, peas, garden cress, rocket (greens), radishes, rye, quinoa, chives, and leeks. More importantly, the seeds from some of these plants were able to produce new crops, vital to sustaining life on our planet. The only chance humans have of sustainable living is to figure out how to grow generations of food, long after what they bring in their spaceships run out.

A recent story in the Daily Mail quotes a study that found ninevegetables can successfully grow on Mars Scientists found nine vegetables that can successfully grow on Mars including quinoa, radishes, and tomatoes. Some of the seeds from the crops can be used to grow a new generation of crops.

Back in2016,Wieger Wamelink, a plant ecologist based at Wageningen University, hosted a meal at the New World Hotel in the Netherlands, treating his 50 guests to a dinner of foods that had been grown in a simulation of the Mars atmosphere. The dishes includedpea puree appetizers, potato and nettle soup with rye bread, and radish foam,followed by a carrot sorbet. If these foods can be grown on Mars, then certainly the mighty chickpea can too.

Fast forward to the latest initiative, called the "Red Thumbs" project at Villanova University in Pennsylvania, where researchers have now added tomatoes, garlic, spinach, basil, kale, lettuce, rocket, onion, and radishes, according to Science Focus.As with every crop, there have been ups and downs, but kale turned out to grow better on the simulated Martian soil than it does on regular soil. The biggest excitement surrounding the success of barley and hops, since the students hoped to be able to growMartian beer!

Other crops struggled, such as the much-needed and calorie-dense potatoes. It turns out potatoes prefer more loose, uncompacted soil and failed to grow as the simulant soils became heavy and impenetrable when watered, which led to the potatoes being choked out.

This Out-of-This World hummus recipe is for your guests as your watch the shuttle take off on Saturday, with the precious cargo of baby chickpea plants on board. Make it any day.

Tomato Hummus on Flatbread

Sabra is giving away free t-shirts

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Excited space boffins think they’ve found ‘female pleasure device’ on Mars – Daily Star

Posted: at 6:41 pm

A snap taken by NASAs Curiosity rover shows a bizarre rock that could be evidence Mars was once home to water but the scientific discovery has been quickly mocked on Twitter for looking like a dildo.

Freelance space expert Paul Scott Anderson uploaded a picture of the Martian geology find to the site to trigger scientific discussion.

But the rock was ridiculed on Twitter by people who said it looked like a sex toy.

One user joked: I recognize that its a Martian female pleasure device must have been dropped.

Whilst another labelled it as a Martian pleasure stimulator device.

But not everyone on the platform agreed with its explicit look-a-like and some reckoned it actually resembled a pair of alien high-heeled shoes.

One person commented: A Martian shoehorn! Now at least we know the shape of their foot whilst another claimed: Thats an alien high heel.

But the real reason for the rocks smooth shape could be much more exciting, boffins say.

It could be down to the planet once housing water and having huge crater lakes billions of years ago.

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The rock could have been formed by water spilling over from the lakes to carve the huge valleys that remain on the surface today.

But even with all the discussion surrounding alien dildos and high-heeled shoes, the replies to the tweet got weirder still as a company claimed they owned the image of the rock as an NFT.

A letter sent to Anderson after his post claims they have reserved all rights to the rock and says he should delete the picture even though it was made publicly available by NASA.

Last month, claims that Mars houses alien life were boosted when a UFO conspiracy theorist spotted an alien figure watching over the Mars rover.

Self-professed expert Scott C. Waring said the sight was "100% proof of intelligent life" after catching a glimpse of the foot-tall being with a pink body from his home in Taiwan.

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The Trouble with Gambling – Relevant Radio

Posted: at 6:40 pm

We just passed the biggest gambling event of the year in the Super Bowl and were about to enter the second biggest gambling event of the year in March Madness. As a more relevant topic than ever and as a growing practice for many sports fans around the world, Cale spent a segment of The Cale Clarke Show diving into the concept of gambling and his experience with it.

As the gambling world has evolved with the age of technology by introducing apps and digital sites for betting, so too have the bets themselves evolved. You can bet on the length of the National Anthem, the outcome of the coin toss, the number of penalties, the color of someones shoes, the length of the halftime show, and a million other things. Its an attempt to get as many people involved in sports gambling as possible, whether they follow sports or not. And its working.

But thats not immoral on its own. As a business, you want to attract as many customers as possible. Thats understandable. But when discussing the morality of something like gambling, you need to look at factors like the intrinsic nature of gambling, the methods of attraction, potentially predatory practices, and just what stakeholders in gambling companies are doing to assure the well-being of all users.

Cale actually worked in the gambling industry for a while in his early 20s when they introduced a casino to his town of Cole Harbor in Nova Scotia. Out of the hundreds of people wrapped around the block looking to apply for a job there, Cale was one of the select few to get hired. While he started humbly in the parking lot, he was soon bumped up to a position on the in-house marketing team.

He remembers being trained to begin a promotional campaign inside the casino itself and one of the superiors told him that he should not be surprised if he witnesses people refusing to leave the slot machines to eat or go to the bathroom. Its so addicting that people posted up there for hours. Throughout his time in the casino, Cale learned the tricks of the casino. He noticed that there were no windows and there were no clocks. They purposely wanted people to lose track of time and spend as much time as possible inside.

And, as everybody knows (or should know) the odds are always in the houses favor. To misquote The Hunger Games, the odds are [never] in your favor, said Cale. Theres no such thing as a sure thing, and if you stick around betting for long enough, youll end up in the red. Thats why casinos owners want you in their establishment for as long as possible. But, as Cale pointed out, its a money-making venture. You should know the risk going into it and thats why youre required to be 21 to gamble.

When Cale first started his position at the casino, he saw gambling as just another form of entertainment. For instance, people pay to go to sporting events. They pay to go bowling or to a movie. People are similarly paying for this gambling experience (unless you win money). However, the more time Cale spent there, the more he realized that theres nothing entertaining about losing your money. And, he said, the majority of people he noticed going to bet their hard-earned money were people who could not afford to do so.

The ironic part was that in the end, gambling has absolutely nothing to do with money. People dont get addicted because theyre chasing a win or trying to keep a streak going. People get addicted because theyre obsessed with the feeling, the thrill. Its an artificial trigger of dopamine that makes you feel good. Eventually, Cale began getting uncomfortable with his role in the casino and he turned to his spiritual director.

Do you think gambling is wrong? Cale asked Father Mike. Well, he said, I think gambling and this whole industry plays on an inherent weakness of human beings, which is the temptation to fall for the love of money. One of the most commonly misquoted passages of the Bible is in 1 Timothy. People often say that money is the root of all evil when the passage actually says, For the love of money is the root of all evils, and some people in their desire for it have strayed from the faith and have pierced themselves with many pains. (1 Timothy 6:10) Money is not the cause of problems, but an inordinate love for money is.

Games of chance(card games, etc.) orwagersare not in themselves contrary to justice. They become morally unacceptable when they deprive someone of what is necessary to provide for his needs and those of others. The passion for gambling risks becoming an enslavement. Unfair wagers and cheating at games constitute grave matter, unless the damage inflicted is so slight that the one who suffers it cannot reasonably consider it significant. (CCC, #2413)

Listen to the full segment below:

Is Gambling Sinful?

Tune in to The Cale Clarke Show weekdays at 5pm CT

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AGA Wants Government Intervention for Offshore Gambling – GamblingNews.com

Posted: at 6:40 pm

Among issues confronting the US legal sports betting industry, particularly the web-based segment, is the test presented by offshore sportsbooks. The American Gaming Association (AGA) is calling for government intervention to target the unlicensed market. This segment, it asserts, is hindering the growth of the legal market. At the same time, while other countries are clamping down on gambling advertisements, the AGA cautions that advertising is the only thing that can separate the good from the bad.

Most operators yield that the offshore sites actually control most of the advanced games wagering market. Thus far, theres been no significantly viable counter-methodology to prevent bettors from going to any alternative where they might feel theyre improving their odds, regardless of the legal status of the site.

AGA President Bill Miller responded to media inquiries on an assortment of themes last week after providing an update on the state of gambling in the US. He asserted, when asked about federal government involvement, that the government should crack down on offshore gambling like it did online poker in 2011. He suggested that the Department of Justice, the Department of State and other agencies should be involved.

Miller added, This is the one area where we talk about what can the federal government do to help our industry. This is (a) really important (one).

For some time, theres been a decent measure of conversation that the forceful feel of sports wagering in TV advertising could cause consternation on the part of consumers. This would, in turn, lead to greater federal intervention in gambling advertising.

In Europe and the UK, guardrails, regardless of whether willfully or forced, have been put in place for betting advertising. This, regulators assert, is due to a perceived inappropriate or overpowering nature of the commercials. Similar restrictions are expected for the US market, as well.

However, Miller cautions against it. He explained that getting legal sports wagering right is about moving clients from the offshore sites and into the protected, legal market. He asserted, Look at New York and Louisiana (where online sports betting launched just prior to the Super Bowl). Does anybody reasonably think that millions of people just decided to try out sports betting for the first time last month? Of course not.

Miller added, Raising the awareness and attracting players to legal sportsbooks is how we protect consumers, generate needed tax revenue for states, and how well stamp out the illegal market and advertising has helped to fuel this change.

The AGAs boss is using a commonsense approach to manage an issue. However, whether that approach can be understood by lawmakers remains to be seen.

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NHS to open two additional gambling addiction clinics – Casino Beats

Posted: at 6:40 pm

The NHS has confirmed the opening of two new clinics this year to specialise in gambling addiction treatment as it cites record demand for specialist support.

Opening in May, the two centres, located in Southampton and Stoke-on-Trent, will join the five current NHS clinics in London, Leeds, Manchester, and Sunderland, as well as the pilot childrens and young persons clinic.

Gambling addiction is a cruel mental health condition that can devastate peoples lives our pilot clinics are already having a lasting impact in helping people to take back vital control of their lives, expressed NHSs Mental Health Director, Claire Murdoch.

The opening of two new gambling clinics in May, as a part of our 2.3bn investment into mental health services, will mean we can help even more people with the most serious gambling problems.

In addition to the aforementioned, the service also plans to initiate a Gambling Harm Network and Clinical Reference Group later this year, with the goal of consolidating expertise together and enabling clinical teams to share best practices on the treatment of problem gambling.

This comes after the NHS made the decision to cut its financial ties with the gambling industry, stating that it will no longer be accepting contributions from operators and fully funding its treatment services including the newly planned clinics via its own resources.

Patients and clinicians asserted through feedback that they had reservations about the potential for conflict of interest from the gambling industry, due to the sector generating 14bn annually whilst funding treatment for addiction.

In an open letter to Zoe Osmund, CEO at GambleAware, Murdoch revealed that the NHS will cease accepting RET contributions from the betting sector, a development that had been anticipated by industry stakeholders.

Murdoch noted: It is also absolutely right that the NHS now funds these clinics independently, recognising the harmful effects this addiction can have on the nations mental health, and that predatory tactics from gambling companies are part of the problem, not the solution.

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Merdianbet more than just a gambling and casino company – Times of Malta

Posted: at 6:40 pm

Its a fact that we are living in turbulent times and its no wonder why more and more prominent companies are trying to help as much as they can. One example could be found in Merdianbets policy of helping different organizations for human welfare.

Licensed by the Malta Gaming Authority, Meridianbet represent both online and land-based casino, where players can enjoy the most popular games as well as place a wager on their favorite sports events! In the last few years, theyve managed to build a reputation of a pretty enviable humanitarian organization as well.

Since the very start of the pandemic, the company donated to DAR Bjorn a Maltese organization, a member of ALS Malta Foundation that strives to help people with ALS, MS and other neurological conditions. The word was about the Newer & Bigger DAR Bjorn project.

Furthermore, this company stepped up yet again and joined forces with iSoftBet for another good cause collecting funds for the Movember camping. Together they supported this humanitarian event by raising 10.000 for a charity run that was held on Ghajn Tuffieha beach, Malta. It was led by the athletic Steve Sammut Nurminen.

Loads of prominent companies are always ready to help when it is most difficult, locally as well as globally. Both financial and technical support was provided by the Meridianbet group to residents of endangered areas, hospitals, day-care centers in Cyprus and the Balkans.

On the other hand, globally speaking, Merdianbet Group did its best to help even those who are most affected by all negative aspects of the pandemic itself. Considering being one of the most populous countries in the world, it was expected that India will suffer the most. Thats why they joined the ranks once again with a significant donation to UNICEF in order to help them prevail in this extremely unfair battle.

It is always good to see that those who can are still willing to fight for the right cause and this companys commitment should not go unnoticed in the eyes of the public.

Meridianbet is licensed by the MGA. Licence number MGA/B2C/134/2007. Play responsibly. For help visit http://www.rgf.org.mt. Players must be over 18. Terms and conditions apply. The odds may change since quotas are variable.

Independent journalism costs money. Support Times of Malta for the price of a coffee.

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Revealed: how bookies clamp down on successful gamblers and exploit the rest – The Guardian

Posted: at 6:40 pm

On any given Saturday, Rory would spend several hours glued to a screen flickering with hundreds of football and horse racing bets placed by customers of the Irish bookmaker Paddy Power.

One of multiple insiders from firms including Paddy Power Betfair, Ladbrokes and William Hill who spoke on condition of anonymity, Rory was part of an obscure corner of the gambling industry that exists to maximise profits by clamping down on successful punters.

The volume of customers they had, you could afford to get rid of anyone you thought wasnt going to be profitable, he said.

Punters know the house usually wins, but most have no idea that bookies sharpen their edge via something called stake factoring, the process by which winning customers are dialled down, while losers are allowed to bet more.

It works like this: when a customer opens an account, they might be given a stake factor of 1, meaning they can bet 100% of the normal maximum stake, for example 500.

As soon as people start winning or losing, that gets adjusted, said Cameron, formerly of William Hill. It starts with 50% and if they keep doing it [beating the bookie], itll keep going down. At William Hill it went down to 25% to 10% and eventually down to 1%.

Sometimes, such decisions are determined by other factors.

Wed make judgments based on what job you do, who youre friends with on Facebook, said Steve, who works as an odds trader at a well-known betting website.

Its particularly true of any account with a female name, he said, explaining this was often someone who had had their stake factor reduced on their own account and was posing as a spouse, sister or friend.

A manual, handed out to employees of Paddy Power within the past six years and seen by the Guardian, offers further insight.

It advises staff to restrict customers who look like bad business and to increase stake factors for all customers that are regularly hitting their max [maximum bet]. Those customers with a stake factor above 1 can wager more than 100% of the normal maximum figure.

The guide also suggests traits that supposedly indicate someone is likely to be bad business, including eastern European customers, apparently based on concerns about locations in which past suspicious betting patterns have been identified.

For the bookies, stake factoring is seen as a legitimate way of levelling the pitch against punters who they argue are resorting to unfair methods.

One former trader at William Hill explained how the firm would be targeted by latency cheats, people who exploit the small delay between events at a match and the bookies TV pictures, either by accessing a faster feed or attending the event.

You see a bet come through from a brand-new account on a certain cricketer to score less than 25 runs, and theyve put on as much as they can. You look up at the TV and hes out that ball.

There is, too, always the risk of the stablehand or kit man with inside knowledge of a lame horse or a star striker with a tummy bug. Other areas, though, are less clear cut.

Some insiders complain of bonus abusers: people who milk the offers that companies send out to lure in new gamblers.

Much more common are the arbers or arbitrage gamblers, who scour gambling websites for obviously wrong odds. By identifying an event where the odds are clearly priced wrongly, arbers can place a conflicting bet with another operator and make a return regardless of the result.

The practice can even be automated by using bots to place multiple small wagers, flying under the radar of systems designed to spot the practice.

However, some traders fear that bookies have become trigger-happy, targeting not just cheats but canny operators, known in the trade as warm or shrewd punters, or simply as bad business.

It tends to happen now that everyone that beats the price gets put under the arber banner, which is unfair, said Fintan, who has worked at multiple operators including Ladbrokes. Id say its probably 65%-70% of punters that get factored where its definitely the right decision.

One ex-Paddy Power employee showed the Guardian a menu of stake factors that suggest the company was more than happy to restrict people who were simply canny. New customers were set at 1.0, the document said, unprofitable customers at 0.3, and warm customers at 0.1.

The people running these businesses are answering to shareholders, said Connor, who works in the gambling industry. The guys in the trading room didnt want to be answering on a Monday morning why they didnt close an account that was winning.

One gambler, Bernard Henry, shared the results of a demand sent to Coral to see what data it held on him, known as a subject access request.

It showed he had won just 38 over four years but had been prevented from placing sports bets after the bookie realised he had beaten their odds 73% of the time. He was still allowed to bet on casino products where the house never loses over time.

Henry believes bookmakers shared data about him with other operators, via software that companies are permitted to use which is intended to prevent fraud but might also be used to shut down a smart better.

Everyone the Guardian spoke to said accounts were rarely closed completely, for good reason.

According to Paddy Powers manual, warm customers are of use to us as marks, meaning they are worth monitoring to assess if your prices are wrong. Even arbers, seen as cheats in the industry, would be set at a factor of 0.01.

One former employee of Betfair believes this is about satisfying City investors, who see customer numbers as one measurement of success. If they close all the bad customers, you go from 50,000 active users to 10,000, he said.

The flipside of factoring down winners is that losers have, over the years, been given more leeway to place ever bigger bets.

The biggest stake factor Rory recalled a customer being allotted was 40. Hes allowed to lose 40 times what anyone else was and it was astronomical what he was punting. There was no conscience to it.

In response, Paddy Power said its safer gambling checks would always override stake-factoring decisions.

All of the sources who spoke to the Guardian said stake factoring was increasingly automated at the more tech-savvy companies. This, they said, meant there should be fewer arbitrary decisions made by bookies playing it safe.

But Brian Chappell, founder of Justice for Punters, said he did not trust the industry to do right by its customers and feared unintended consequences.

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Following intrusive, secretive profiling, only losing customers are allowed to choose how much they bet, he said. This is facilitating an unsafe and unfair UK sports betting market where unprofitable customers are more likely to consider the black market.

A spokesperson for Paddy Power owner Flutter said stake factoring was common practice across the industry but that it did not wish to restrict customers unfairly. They said the practice was also critical in protecting the integrity of sporting events where we believe a customer placing bets has inside information.

None of the other gambling companies contacted by the Guardian returned a request for comment.

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Potawatomi Hotel and Casino to launch sports gambling this year – Wisconsin Public Radio News

Posted: at 6:40 pm

The Forest County Potawatomi Community has signed a compact agreement with the state of Wisconsin that will allow for sports gambling at its two casinos, including Potawatomi Hotel and Casino in Milwaukee.

The tribe plans to open a sports book venue at Milwaukee's Menomonee Valley by the end of the year, according to a statement released Friday.

The amendment with the state is similar to compacts signed with the Oneida Nation, which started sports betting in Novemberand the St. Croix Chippewa Indians of Wisconsin.

The signed amendment was sent to the U.S. Department of Interior, where it will undergo a 45-day review.

Forest County Potawatomi Chairman Ned Daniels Jr. said the compact will allow the tribe to compete with other tribes.

"We appreciate Governor Evers and his Administration working with us in a government-to-government manner to provide our Tribe the tools needed to compete in the marketplace and giving us the business certainty to continue our investments in Milwaukee and throughout the state," Daniels said in a statement.

Potawatomi Hotel and Casino spokesman Ryan Amundson said theyre elated by the decision from Gov. Tony Evers.

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"Sports betting is a form of wagering that is gaining increased popularity across the country, and being able to offer it here will allow us to remain competitive," he said. "We're happy our guests wont have to travel to place that bet."

The Forest County Potawatomi has been one of the most profitable tribes in the state thanks to the Milwaukee casino. But, like every other entertainment venue, the COVID-19 pandemic has meant a hit for the business.According to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, the tribe won about $100 million less than the year before the pandemic hit, tax records show.

The casino won at least $293 million from gamblers during the 12-month period that ended June 30, 2021, more than 28 percent below its 2019 total. The casino won at least $292 million in 2020, according to the Journal Sentinel.

In a statement released Friday, Evers said the new compact will allow people to enjoy sports and other event wagering while benefiting the tribes economic growth.

"I look forward to continuing our partnership together to find new opportunities that support and bolster the tribes success and our states success for years to come," Evers said in the statement.

The amendment extends the term of the current compact to 2061.

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Potawatomi Hotel and Casino to launch sports gambling this year - Wisconsin Public Radio News

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