Daily Archives: February 15, 2022

How to Pick the Right Automation Project – Harvard Business Review

Posted: February 15, 2022 at 5:54 am

Intelligent automation is the fastest growing area of enterprise tech investment. The potential to boost performance in the typical company with these tools is both broad and deep. But as companies look for places to apply these tools, they often fall into two common traps: chasing quick, easy wins that wont have much impact, or big, ambitious projects that will offer major strategic advantages. What they should focus on, however, is a third option: projects that build their capacity.

Whenever a new wave of technology splashes onto the scene, managers face the same questions: Where do we start applying it first? Do we go after the low-hanging fruit that will produce quick wins and build the case for more ambitious projects? Or should we strategically focus, with no delay, on the applications that will give us a decisive edge over competitors?

Right now, with the arrival of a revolutionary set of technologies for automating knowledge work artificial intelligence in particular we see teams grappling with these questions at high levels in organizations. Intelligent automation (the term commonly used for robotic process automation, machine learning, and artificial intelligence in organizations) brings unprecedented speed, accuracy, and pattern-recognition power to business processes that routinely call for deciphering information, from fielding customers questions to complying with government regulations to detecting fraud and cyberattacks. Because that describes so much of the activity of modern workplaces, the deliberations about where to start and how to proceed are different than with other technologies. The same old answers dont apply.

The potential to boost performance in the typical company with these tools is both broad and deep. In one company we know, a team was assembled to survey all of its operations, find areas where peoples time was being consumed by repetitive information-processing work, and come back with candidate tasks for automation. The list stretched to hundreds of things a smart machine could do to leverage workers creativity, increase speed to decision, improve accuracy, or enhance service to customers.

There are also strong competitive incentives: Because of this potential, companies are investing in these tools at blistering rates according to Gartner, intelligent automation is the fastest growing area of enterprise tech investment. The pandemic gave the toolkit a giant shove forward as companies suddenly had to find new ways to perform mission-critical processes.

Whether driven by the opportunities or competitive pressure, your organization will likely soon be using intelligent automation in many, many corners of your operations. So, where should you start?

Instead of framing your goals in terms of quick victories (which wont really move the needle) or major strategic applications (which require skills and foundations you dont yet have in place), focus on how your first steps will advance capability-building in your organization. You should sequence the projects you take on knowing you will ultimately take on hundreds so that the early ones build the AI talents and put in place the AI tech infrastructure for the projects you will take on next, and next, and next.

Capability-building developing the strength of an organization to solve a class of problems it will keep facing in the future is a challenge you might have tackled in other realms. In areas from strategy formulation to project management, teams recognize that they can and must get better by learning from experience. And because there are fundamentals that must be mastered before they can advance to higher-order capabilities they have to walk before they can run teams often take their guidance from so-called maturity models, outlined by experts who have watched others travel the same path before. Given that your people will need to rise again and again to the challenge of implementing intelligent automation solutions, this is the approach that makes sense, but more of the thinking about the best sequence of steps will be up to you.

Planning this journey requires mapping out how your team or organization will deliberately move from a state of being a novice to being an expert.

The first step is usually an assessment of existing capabilities: the challenges your people already know how to tackle and the sophistication of the tools they have to solve them. Perhaps you already have strong data analytics skills on staff, for example, or people who have been involved in RPA installations elsewhere.

Your next step is a gap analysis. This details the difference between your current capabilities and the demands of the most challenging solution you can envision taking on. This might reveal that your current IT infrastructure is simply not equal to a coming wave of applications that will need to interact with disparate data sources. Or that much more effective collaboration will be needed between software developers and business process owners than has been seen in the past.

Finally, with the beginning and end states clearly articulated, you can then specify a step-by-step journey, with projects sequenced according to which ones can do the most in early days to lay essential foundations for later initiatives.

Heres an example to illustrate how this approach can lead to better choices. At a construction equipment manufacturer, there are three tempting areas to automate. One is the solution a vendor is offering: a chatbot tool that can be fairly simply implemented in the internal IT help desk with immediate impact on wait times and headcount. A second possibility is in finance, where sales forecasting could be enhanced by predictive modeling boosted by AI pattern recognition. The third idea is a big one: if the company could use intelligent automation to create a connected equipment environment on customer job sites, its business model could shift to new revenue streams from digital services such as monitoring and controlling machinery remotely.

If youre going for a relatively easy implementation and fast ROI, the first option is a no-brainer. If instead youre looking for big publicity for your organizations bold new vision, the third ones the ticket. You can set up a tiger team or separate organization and give it full license to disrupt the existing business. But note that neither of those approaches really prepares the ground for intelligent automation to spread to other applications by the existing organization; they dont make the people of your organization generally more interested, receptive, or able to apply intelligent technology elsewhere. In other words, as an organization, taking these routes doesnt take you far up the learning curve, toward greater maturity with the technology.

This is what option two would do in large part because it would demand that the company get its act together on data. Without a good enterprise data strategy, people in different parts of the organization lack common standards regarding what data needs to be gathered and how it should be organized, cleaned, and prepped for analysis. This is a foundational capability that the company will need to have in place to make headway in using machine learning at scale. From the standpoint of capability building, it is easy to see how progress on enterprise data would unlock, say, 10 other projects which in turn can be prioritized by the further capabilities they could add. Our manufacturing company could lay out a roadmap showing how, five years later, it will not only be reaping the returns of the specific projects, but also be generally and profoundly more ready to take on truly transformative initiatives.

Fifty years ago, when the legendary Peter Drucker coined the term knowledge workers, he also recognized how their rise in the global economy would challenge organizations. The most important contribution management needs to make in the twenty-first century, he wrote, is to increase the productivity of knowledge work. Finally, in intelligent automation, a powerful toolkit exists for doing that and the race is on. Avoid the mad dash that has your organization chasing possibilities but with no collective progress. Choose your spots wisely, and your investment in intelligent automation can be a capability-building journey.

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How to Pick the Right Automation Project - Harvard Business Review

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How Ransomware Gangs Use Automation, and How You Can Beat It – Recorded Future

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February 9, 2022 Sam Langrock

Few topics spark conversation like security automation. Automation is the entire premise around programming; routines and repetitive patterns are tasked to computers while humans work only on higher priorities. For security practitioners, this is essential because even a small network can have thousands of endpoints that need protecting while the security staff is miniscule. Yet the challenge facing organizations in 2022 is how to automate, not just the collation and data collection tasks where machines excel, but to automate the repetitive human decisions made daily to defend an enterprise. Join us for a three part blog series on automation and for a webinar on February 22nd titled, Fight Ransomware Robots With Automation Intelligence.

Ransomware gangs and security practitioners battle each other similar to how a baseball pitcher and hitter would duke it out. In this game dark web criminal actors focus on causing incidents, while security automation focuses on incident response. To increase their velocity and volume of attacks ransomware gangs are leveraging automation throughout their attack cycle. To keep up, security practitioners have turned to intelligence-led automation, which enables businesses to defend at scale with the speed necessary to make contact on every pitch. Much like baseball, in the cyber world there can be no ties. Intelligence provides the upper hand.

To help security practitioners gain an advantage, Recorded Futures Insikt Group reported on automation in the criminal underground. In their report, Insikt Group identified 10 key strategies ransomware criminals use automation to enable their attacks.

Hacked and compiled databases are sold on underground forums. These databases, often consisting of user credentials, give threat actors access to accounts and credentials of clients and employees. Once threat actors have access to these user-level accounts, actors can use leverage techniques, such as local privilege escalation vulnerabilities, which can be used to gain further access to internal systems or to commit fraud.

Stolen credentials from automated marketplaces need validation in order to ensure they will function as the criminals expect. Tools such as checkers can help threat actors to quickly and efficiently validate or access passwords for thousands of accounts. Brute-forcers are tools which automatically cycle through thousands of passwords a second in order to defeat systems with unlimited login attempts.

Loaders and crypters are tools which allow threat actors to obfuscate and deliver malicious payloads, bypassing antivirus solutions.

Stealers and keyloggers enable threat actors to gather sensitive information from victim systems, including credentials, personally identifiable information (PII), payment card information, and other data.

Threat actors use banking injects as fake overlays over legitimate sites to financial institutions and similar sites where they can collect sensitive information from victims trying to visit the legitimate site.

Exploit kits allow threat actors to use multiple exploits simultaneously to target various vulnerabilities across different targets.

Threat actors gain access to hundreds of thousands of potential victims for their lures with spam and phishing services.

Bulletproof hosting services (BPHS) provide secure hosting for malicious content and activity, and assure anonymity to threat actors.

Sniffers infiltrate legitimate online shopping sites and collect sensitive information such as payment cards and the PII of customers from trusted online stores.

Automated marketplaces and logs vendors allow threat actors to sell stolen credentials and digital fingerprints to other threat actors, who use them for fraud or to facilitate further breaches, frequently circumventing anti-fraud measures.

Bad actors are well acquainted with subverting defensive automated technology. For example, they might craft malicious code to appear normal to automated scans, such as antivirus applications. Security teams with careful monitoring and logging established can create rules to detect these seemingly-normal patterns and behaviors for the malicious files they are. However, threat actors can quickly take action, such as rotating their infrastructure, to get around being blocked. This means rules must be manually generated for each new iteration of malware, leading to a security treadmill where efficiencies are lost to an endless cycle of detection/patching new malware.

Step off the treadmill with Intelligence. Intelligence gives your team a cheat code, enabling them to pull rules already tested to identify and mitigate ransomware attacks from doing damage.

Join us for a webinar on February 22nd titled, Fight Ransomware Robots With Automation Intelligence to learn more about how automation can assist your organization.

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The crucial role of test scenarios, especially in automation – TechTarget

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The selection and development of test scenarios is one of the most critical components of any software testing strategy. Test scenarios describe what components, functions, interfaces or other pieces of the application a team will test. In addition, they will generate the foundation for the documentation that surrounds those testing procedures.

In this article, we'll examine the technical details behind test scenarios, including their direct connection with test cases, how to develop effective test scenarios that accelerate QA processes and -- perhaps most importantly -- the enormous role they play in determining which tests are sensible targets for automation.

We'll also review which team members should be involved in these types of decisions, as well as a technique known as the test automation pyramid.

While test scenarios and test cases are often discussed in conjunction with one another, and sometimes thought of as synonymous, it's important to remember that they each play a distinct role in both manual and automated testing efforts.

While the test cases form the coding structure QA teams will use to create automated test scripts, the test scenarios will help those teams determine which specific tests to automate.

Test scenarios are the high-level documentation of what QA professionals will test. They are developed according to business and systems requirements, and describe the functionality and how the user will execute the function.

Test cases, meanwhile, are specifications that provide a detailed, step-by-step documentation of application testing procedures, including a list of expected test results. QA professionals can execute test cases manually or develop them into automated scripts.

The selection and development of test scenarios is a critical component of any software testing strategy, and even more important in automated testing. While the test cases form the coding structure QA teams will use to create automated test scripts, the test scenarios will help those teams determine which specific tests to automate.

Typically, teams will assemble test scenarios using a combination of user stories and user acceptance criteria. However, test scenarios can also stem from personas, which act as an overarching profile of expected user behaviors and anticipated needs. Well-developed personas can help teams create test scenarios that focus on the features they think will be most important to the vast majority of users.

Behavior-driven development (BDD) can be another productive approach. BDD loops the business side into the development process, but still provides focus on anticipated user behavior. For instance, the Gherkin syntax implements the Given-When-Then formula using a plain, easy-to-read language that both software-side and business-side personnel can understand. With the support of the Cucumber BDD testing framework, Gherkin then facilitates the development of automated test scripts directly from the test scenarios it contains.

Once a team identifies their test scenarios, it's time to create an actual testing strategy. This involves determining the specific scenarios the QA team will test manually versus ones they will slate for automated testing. To make effective decisions, this work needs to be done early in the development process.

During this step, it's critical to identify the domain under which the testing will take place. For example, certain regulatory requirements can determine the types of test scenarios the team selects and executes, including the level of detail those testing procedures and corresponding documentation encapsulate. Another relevant factor might be the methodologies currently in use, as well as the general maturity of those methodologies.

While automation has increasingly become a critical part of today's test strategies, not every test scenario will be an appropriate target for automation. Even when merging an automated continuous testing process into a CI/CD pipeline, QA teams should still execute things such as UX-focused GUI tests manually.

However, those teams should choose manual test scenarios carefully. To help clarify this, here are some examples of test scenarios that are appropriate for manual testing:

Alternatively, test scenarios merit automation when critical features require repetitive testing and are simply too hard for teams to handle manually. For instance, tests that involve large volumes of data or complex data entry procedures often fit the bill for automation. And while test cases that run over long periods of time can be complex to automate, it's a labor investment that will significantly accelerate QA processes down the line.

Choosing test scenarios for automation should be a team effort that includes test leads, automation specialists, SDETs (software development engineers in test), developers and product owners. The product owners are especially important to loop in here, as they are uniquely qualified to point out scenarios that most accurately simulate the real-world user workflow. Developers also carry a lot of weight here, as they can highlight the scenarios that require testing on complex collections of code.

One technique that can be extremely helpful in the manual vs. automated testing decision is the test automation pyramid.

To start, the test automation pyramid dictates that automation should primarily reside at the unit and component test level, as these tests are typically the least complex and easiest to automate.

In addition, a high level of unit test coverage can help teams detect defects and implement remedial fixes in the early stages of the development process.

Meanwhile, GUI-level tests reside at the top of the test automation pyramid. Tests performed on functional components like a GUI are usually the most difficult to maintain; therefore, it's best to keep automated GUI tests to a minimum, provided that those targets for automation aren't particularly complex components.

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The real-world effects of calling the COVID-19 virus the Chinese virus – The Ohio State University News

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A new study has found that calling COVID-19 the Chinese virus a term rejected by health officials and tied to antagonism against people of Asian descent did affect views of Americans who saw the term in a news article.

But the effect was relatively small compared to the pre-existing attitudes of people who encountered the term.

Researchers at The Ohio State University found that people who read the term Chinese virus in a fabricated media report about the coronavirus were more likely to later blame China for the pandemic than people who read the same report that used the correct term, COVID-19.

The effect was found in participants regardless of their political party and ideology, although the effect was modest.

What we found is that the political views people brought to the study overwhelmed what we did in the study itself, said Lanier Frush Holt, lead author of the study and associate professor of communication at Ohio State.

Findings showed that Republicans and conservatives were more likely to blame China for the pandemic than were Democrats and liberals, regardless of which story they read.

Its not surprising that peoples pre-existing beliefs had such a huge impact compared to reading a single article, said study co-author Brad Bushman, professor of communication at Ohio State.

But the fact that reading the article did have some effect on peoples views, regardless of their pre-existing beliefs, is still troubling and shows the importance of how the media frames issues.

The findings were published recently in the journal Media Psychology. Sophie Kjaervik, a doctoral student in communication at Ohio State, was also a co-author.

The study involved 614 American adults who participated online from April 15 to May 21, 2020, when stay-at-home orders were in place in many U.S. states to stop the spread of the coronavirus.

Participants were randomly assigned to read one of two fabricated news stories, supposedly from National Public Radio. Both articles discussed theories about the origins of the coronavirus, as well as the development of the vaccine. But one story used the term COVID-19 virus while the other used the term Chinese virus.

After reading the article, participants rated how authoritative, believable, credible, informative and persuasive they thought the article was which the researchers combined into an overall favorability rating.

In the second part of the study, participants completed surveys measuring prejudice against Chinese- and Asian-Americans, their political party and ideology, and how much they blamed China for the pandemic.

Results showed that Democrats and liberals viewed the Chinese virus article more negatively than the COVID-19 virus article. In contrast, Republicans and conservatives rated the two articles about the same.

Which article the participants read was not related to measures of prejudice, but those who read the Chinese virus article were slightly more likely to blame China for the spread of the virus.

Overall, Republicans and conservatives scored higher than Democrats and liberals on measures of prejudiced attitudes against Chinese- and Asian-Americans, regardless of which story they read.

In addition, Republicans and conservatives were more likely than Democrats and liberals to blame China for the pandemic, regardless of which story they read.

The results suggest that the biggest impact of reading the story may have been how it triggered pre-existing partisan leanings, Holt said.

We showed that just a tiny dose of reading one article activated what people already believed, he said.

Those who were predisposed to believe that China was responsible for the virus liked the article that used Chinese virus and those who didnt have those pre-existing beliefs did not.

Bushman said the findings also underscore why the World Health Organization issued a statement in 2015 recommending that infectious diseases should not be named after geographic locations to minimize unnecessary negative effects on nations, economies and people.

How you frame a deadly virus is not a trivial point and can have effects in how people are viewed and treated in the real world, he said.

Thats what we found in this study and thats why the World Health Organization put out that statement.

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The real-world effects of calling the COVID-19 virus the Chinese virus - The Ohio State University News

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Years Later: Research Shows Employee Opinion on Automation – Occupational Health and Safety

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Years Later: Research Shows Employee Opinion on Automation

Researchers were able to determine how warehouse employees really feel about their automated coworkers.

There are over 1.5 million employees working in warehouses across the country and some have coworkers of a robotic nature. Recently, a team of researchers set out to seek the opinions of those who have worked closely with automation technology to gain a better understanding of how it has begun to settle into everyday work.

According to a Harvard Business Review article, Joe Lui, Raghav Narsalay, Rushda Afzal, Ida Nair Sharma and Dave Light wrote about interviews conducted with over 65 employees who worked in a warehouse facility. The video interviews were a peek behind the curtain into the $15 billion AI technology market, which is currently set to double within the next four years.

The researchers asked questions based on the duties of the employee. For warehouse workers the following questions were asked:

For those employees who were front-line supervisors, the researchers asked the following:

Researchers found, though data analysis that extracted key themes from responses, that the response was about 40 percent negative and 60 percent positive when it came to automation in the workplace.

Those who felt negatively were afraid to lose the jobs, worried about having inadequate access to training resources, and dealing with downtime or errors caused by technology malfunctions. Of those that responded positively, worker were optimistic that the automation was actually helping them to complete their duties in a more safe manner, was increasing productivity and improving the quality of their work.

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Novak Djokovic says he will opt out of future Grand Slams with COVID-19 vaccine mandates – ESPN

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In his first interview since being deported from Australia last month, Novak Djokovic reiterated his stance on not getting vaccinated against COVID-19 and said he would opt out of playing in future majors that would require him getting inoculated.

"Yes, that is the price that I'm willing to pay," Djokovic told the BCC in a story published early Tuesday morning.

Djokovic, the No. 1 player in the world, was at the center of a global media storm and an international legal battle in January after receiving a medical exemption to play in the Australian Open and then having his visa revoked by the Australian government. Ultimately, he was forced to leave the country and was unable to defend his title at the year's first Grand Slam.

The 34-year-old told the BBC he isn't against vaccinations -- "I have never said that I am part of that movement," he noted -- but believes in personal choice. He said that is more important than potentially winning his 21st major trophy.

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"Because the principles of decision-making on my body are more important than any title or anything else," Djokovic said.

"I'm trying to be in tune with my body as much as I possibly can," he said, adding that he has always been careful about everything he ingests. "Based on all the information that I got, I decided not to take the vaccine, as of today."

Rafael Nadal won the Australian Open title in Djokovic's absence and broke the tie he held with Djokovic and Roger Federer for most major titles by a male player.

In his documentation for a medical exemption, Djokovic had claimed to have had the virus in December, but the timeline of infection raised suspicions. He addressed the doubts toward his claims in the interview.

"I understand that there is a lot of criticism, and I understand that people come out with different theories on how lucky I was or how convenient it is," Djokovic said. "But no one is lucky and convenient of getting COVID. Millions of people have and are still struggling with COVID around the world. So I take this very seriously. I really don't like someone thinking I've misused something or in my own favor, in order to, you know, get a positive PCR test and eventually go to Australia."

Djokovic said he was "really sad and disappointed" about the way his time in Melbourne ended.

He is next expected to play at the BNP Paribas Open in Indian Wells, California, in March.

Djokovic's status for the French Open, the year's next Grand Slam set to begin May 22, remains unclear. Vaccination rules in France could change in the months before Roland Garros, possibly allowing him to play. The country has started to ease some of its health and travel restrictions as it recovers from a record surge in infections fueled by the highly contagious omicron variant.

The French government last week gave an end-of-March, beginning-of-April timeframe for the possible lifting of its vaccine requirement that, at the moment, puts unvaccinated players at risk of missing the French Open.

From Tuesday, anyone who is not vaccinated against the coronavirus will need to show proof they tested positive for COVID-19 within the previous four months -- down from the previous six-month window -- in order to enter sports venues in France. The French law, which operates under the assumption that you have some protection from the virus if you've recently had it, aims to bar unvaccinated individuals from stadiums, restaurants, bars and other public places.

Djokovic has previously said that he tested positive in mid-December. If the four-month requirement stays in force, it is likely to rule him out of the French Open unless he gets vaccinated or tests positive again.

Djokovic is also the defending champion at Wimbledon, which will begin in late June. But so far, England has allowed exemptions from various coronavirus regulations for visiting athletes, if they remain at their accommodations when not competing or training.

The United States Tennis Association, which runs the US Open, has said it will follow government rules on vaccination status.

Information from The Associated Press was included in this report.

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COVID live updates: All the coronavirus news you need in one place – ABC News

Posted: at 5:54 am

Further information on the deaths reported by NSWDo you have a link or any information regarding further details on recent NSW covid deaths that was promised to be released by Dr Chant?

-Unable to find information

Each day, around midday AEDT, NSW Health sends out a media release with a detailed look at the figures that day. These are also uploaded to the NSW Health website - you can find today's here.

Today, NSW reportedthe deaths of 16 people with COVID-19 12 men and four women.

Three people were in their 70s, seven people were in their 80s, and six people were in their 90s.

Three people had received three doses of a COVID-19 vaccine, seven people had received two doses, one person had received one dose, and five people were not vaccinated.

Three people were from the Shellharbour region, three people were from south-western Sydney, two people were from southern Sydney, two people were from northern NSW, two people were from Sydneys Inner West, one person was from western Sydney, one person was from the Newcastle area, one person was from the Port Macquarie area and one person was from Inner Sydney.

This brings the total number of COVID-19 related deaths in NSW since the beginning of the pandemic to 1,745.

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Top Intelligent Automation Jobs to Apply For in February 2022 – Analytics Insight

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These intelligent automation jobs are specially for professionals and aspiring tech enthusiasts

Automation has enhanced how enterprises work nowadays with artificial intelligence to compete and survive in the years ahead. The integration of intelligent automation in business enterprises can help business managers automate the most mundane tasks with minimum errors, incorporate advanced AI services to understand customer demands and avoid complexities that can become long-term hazards to these businesses. Most companies are trying to hire skilled professionals who can leverage the advancements in automation technology, incorporate it in between the systems and prevent the duplication of data in the systems. In this article, we have listed such top intelligent automation jobs available right now in February 2022, for tech professionals who are trying to enhance their career growth and for those aspirants who wish to try their luck in the intelligent automation domain.

Offered by: Mutual of Omaha

Location: Remote

Responsibilities

Skills Required

Offered by: Deloitte

Location: Arlington, TX

Responsibilities

Skills Required

Offered by: Price WaterHouse Coopers

Location: Remote

Responsibilities

Skills Required

Offered by: Ameriprise Financial

Location: Boston, MA

Responsibilities:

Skills Required:

Offered by: Significance, Inc.

Location: Washington, USA

Responsibilities:

Skills Required:

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USD 8.08 billion growth in Digital Process Automation Market| Evolving Opportunities with Appian Corp. and Bizagi Group Ltd. |17,000+ Technavio…

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The surging adoption of business process management, rising demand for automation in enterprises, and low-cost of digital process automation platform will offer immense growth opportunities.The low-code integration is another factor supporting the digital process automation market share growth.Organizations in many verticals are constantly looking for new sectors or verticals through which they might lower their total operational costs.Low-code development is a general term that includes process development solutions, low-code application development, and software development tools. Low-code development platforms enable IT to quickly assemble new processes and build applications without having to research, write and test new scripts.

However, the data security and privacy issues will be a major challenge for the digital process automation market during the forecast period.Companies are increasingly concerned about sharing sensitive business data, and this issue is growing in the market. Malware, hacker attacks, and data theft are all important security dangers to the reliable execution of business processes.Although automation can be a huge assistance to businesses, it can also be dangerous if it is misused, neglected, or overused.

View Report Outlookfor more factors influencing the market growth.

Digital Process Automation Market2022-2026: Segmentation Analysis

Learn more about the other contributing segments and country-wise market share,Download FREE sample Report

Digital Process Automation Market 2022-2026: Vendor Analysis and Scope

The digital process automation market is fragmented and the vendors are deploying organic and inorganic growth strategies to compete in the market. To leverage the current opportunities, market vendors must strengthen their foothold in the fast-growing segments while maintaining their positions in the slow-growing segments.

Some of the vendors and their key offeringscovered in the report are:

Some other dominant players covered in this report are:

The report also covers the following areas:

Digital Process Automation Market 2022-2026: Key Highlights

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Digital Process Automation Market Scope

Report Coverage

Details

Page number

120

Base year

2021

Forecast period

2022-2026

Growth momentum & CAGR

Accelerate at a CAGR of 15.46%

Market growth 2022-2026

$ 8.08 billion

Market structure

Fragmented

YoY growth (%)

14.87

Regional analysis

North America, Europe, APAC, MEA, and South America

Performing market contribution

North America at 51%

Key consumer countries

US, UK, Canada, Japan, and Germany

Competitive landscape

Leading companies, competitive strategies, consumer engagement scope

Companies profiled

Appian Corp., Bizagi Group Ltd., BP Logix Inc., Infosys Ltd., Innov8tif Solutions Sdn Bhd, International Business Machines Corp., Newgen Software Technologies Ltd., Open Text Corp., Oracle Corp., and Pegasystems Inc.

Market Dynamics

Parent market analysis, Market growth inducers and obstacles, Fast-growing and slow-growing segment analysis, COVID-19 impact and future consumer dynamics, market condition analysis for the forecast period,

Customization purview

If our report has not included the data that you are looking for, you can reach out to our analysts and get segments customized.

Key Topics Covered

Executive Summary

Market Landscape

Market Sizing

Five Forces Analysis

Market Segmentation by Deployment

Customer landscape

Geographic Landscape

Vendor Landscape

Vendor Analysis

Appendix

About Us

Technavio is a leading global technology research and advisory company. Their research and analysis focus on emerging market trends and provides actionable insights to help businesses identify market opportunities and develop effective strategies to optimize their market positions. With over 500 specialized analysts, Technavio's report library consists of more than 17,000 reports and counting, covering 800 technologies, spanning across 50 countries. Their client base consists of enterprises of all sizes, including more than 100 Fortune 500 companies. This growing client base relies on Technavio's comprehensive coverage, extensive research, and actionable market insights to identify opportunities in existing and potential markets and assess their competitive positions within changing market scenarios.

Contact

Technavio ResearchJesse MaidaMedia & Marketing ExecutiveUS: +1 844 364 1100UK: +44 203 893 3200Email: [emailprotected]Website: http://www.technavio.com/

SOURCE Technavio

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USD 8.08 billion growth in Digital Process Automation Market| Evolving Opportunities with Appian Corp. and Bizagi Group Ltd. |17,000+ Technavio...

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Local Lockdowns and COVID-19: How Effective Were They? – Healthline

Posted: at 5:54 am

A recent preprint that combines data from several other studies suggests that lockdowns early in the pandemic didnt reduce COVID-19 deaths.

However, experts say this nonpeer-reviewed paper has serious flaws that limit the conclusions being made by the authors.

This report on the effect of lockdowns does not significantly advance our understanding of the relative effectiveness of the plethora of public health measures adopted by different countries to limit COVID-19 transmission, Neil Ferguson, PhD, an epidemiologist and professor of mathematical biology at Imperial College London, said in a statement.

The preprint was published on the website of the Johns Hopkins Krieger School of Arts and Sciences.

All three of the papers authors are economists not medical doctors, epidemiologists, or public health experts and only one is from Johns Hopkins University.

The paper is a meta-analysis, which combines the results of independent studies to get a better sense of the overall effect of an intervention such as a medication, other treatment, or a public health response.

This type of analysis involves more than just combining data from separate studies. Researchers use statistical methods to merge the findings while considering differences in how those studies were carried out.

In addition, a well-designed meta-analysis has to use the best statistical methods and needs to include all of the appropriate studies in the analysis.

Seth Flaxman, PhD, a statistician also at Imperial College London, said in the same statement that the authors of the preprint did not do the latter.

They systematically excluded from consideration any study based on the science of disease transmission, he said, meaning that the only studies looked at in the analysis are studies using the methods of economics.

Gideon Meyerowitz-Katz, an epidemiologist from the University of Wollongong in New South Wales, Australia, agreed.

The included studies certainly arent representative of research as a whole on lockdowns not even close, he wrote on Twitter. Many of the most robust papers on the impact of lockdowns are, by definition, excluded.

In addition to excluding several important studies, the authors use a definition of lockdown that some experts find a little too broad.

The most inconsistent aspect [of the preprint] is the reinterpreting of what a lockdown is, Samir Bhatt, DPhil, a professor of statistics and public health at Imperial College London, said in the statement.

The preprint authors define a lockdown as the imposition of at least one compulsory, non-pharmaceutical intervention, which includes stay-at-home orders as well as physical distancing, handwashing, and others.

This would make a mask-wearing policy a lockdown, said Bhatt.

Many scientists have stopped using lockdown because it isnt a policy, said Bhatt. It is an umbrella word for a set of policies designed to slow the community spread of the coronavirus.

So a lockdown in the United States and a lockdown in the United Kingdom would look very different. In fact, a lockdown in one U.S. state would look very different from one in another state.

All of this adds up to a very weird review paper, wrote Meyerowitz-Katz on Twitter.

Bhatt also found the preprint concerning because it focused on the early part of the pandemic, even though countries and local governments have been using nonpharmaceutical interventions including stay-at-home orders throughout the pandemic.

[The study] looks at a tiny slice of the pandemic, he said. There have been many lockdowns since globally with far better data.

Other studies including this one and this one have looked at later periods during the pandemic. These studies also found that stronger government measures reduced COVID-19 deaths more.

One challenge with estimating the impact of mitigation strategies on COVID-19 deaths is that these measures are intended to slow transmission of the virus. The impact on hospitalizations and deaths comes later.

Because theres a lag from infection to death, to see the effect of lockdowns on COVID deaths, we need to wait about two or three weeks, said Flaxman in the statement.

Ferguson said in the statement that many studies of the effects of [nonpharmaceutical interventions] fail to recognize this important issue.

Another thing that researchers have to take into account is that stay-at-home orders are rarely imposed in isolation. They may follow or occur at the same time as less restrictive interventions, such as mask policies, capacity restrictions, and school closures.

In an earlier study, Flaxman and Bhatt wrote that it is difficult to disentangle the individual effect sizes of each intervention because countries implemented these in rapid succession.

Analysis has been further complicated by the accumulation of immunity from infection and vaccination in populations, together with the emergence of new COVID-19 variants, Ferguson said in the statement.

Other factors that can impact COVID-19 death rates include hospital capacity and the availability of COVID-19 vaccines and treatments, all of which vary widely across countries.

Olga Yakusheva, PhD, an economist in the School of Nursing at the University of Michigan, and her colleagues took some of these issues into account during their study on the benefits and costs of mitigation measures early in the pandemic in the United States.

Their analysis looked at the impact of the full set of public health measures, said Yakusheva, which included stay-at-home orders and other measures such as mask policies, physical distancing, and school closures.

However, they didnt just focus on the impact these measures had on COVID-19 deaths. They also looked at the adverse impact of the economic downturn that occurred as a result of these measures.

Similar research done before has focused on the financial impact of COVID-19 mitigation measures, but Yakusheva and her colleagues estimated the number of deaths that might occur as a result of this economic disruption.

These deaths might result from the loss of a job or income that leads to diminished access to health insurance or the inability to buy essentials such as food or medication all of which can impact a persons health.

The impetus for this paper was to humanize the economic damage, said Yakusheva, so we can more effectively use the same language to talk about the costs and the benefits of the lockdown.

The researchers estimate that during the first 6 months of the pandemic, between 800,000 and 1.7 million lives were saved as a result of these health measures.

These are the people who would have potentially died from COVID had they not been protected by the strong public health response, said Yakusheva.

In contrast, they estimate that between 57,000 and 245,000 deaths potentially occurred due to the economic downturn during the first part of 2020.

When you look at it in terms of lives saved versus lives lost, it does seem that the lockdowns were more protective of human lives in comparison to the economic damage they caused, said Yakusheva.

In this study, the researchers attempt to address one of the many nuances in the debate over stay-at-home orders how do you balance the benefits and costs of these kinds of measures?

Its never as easy as saying lockdowns are good or bad.

In making public health decisions, scientists and health officials look at the entire body of research to figure out what types of mitigation strategies work best and in what circumstances.

And also, how long these measures should be put in place.

Yogesh Joshi, PhD, an associate professor in the Robert H. Smith School of Business at the University of Maryland, and his colleagues looked at the impact of stay-at-home orders on mobility.

These types of mitigation strategies are intended to slow the spread of the virus by encouraging people to stay home, which reduces their interactions with others.

In Joshis study, he and his colleagues found that stay-at-home orders reduced mobility in most countries they looked at.

But after a while, people began moving around more in the community, even though the stay-at-home order continued. One of their analyses showed that on average, by 7 or 8 weeks after the start of the lockdown, mobility was essentially back where it started.

When lockdowns extend for long periods of time, then the past data shows us that mobility levels start rebounding, said Joshi.

While they didnt look specifically at the effectiveness of shorter stay-at-home orders sometimes called circuit breakers Joshi speculates that shorter lockdowns should yield higher compliance, in terms of [people] staying at home.

Health officials can use mobility data to help make decisions about stay-at-home orders.

For example, said Joshi, if people in a community have already voluntarily restricted their movement in response to the high spread of the coronavirus, imposing a stay-at-home order may not have much of an effect.

Officials might also want to emphasize less restrictive mitigation measures first such as mask policies and business capacity limits which can be effective when put in place early during a surge.

Our research finds that lockdowns have an effect, but that effect wears out over time, said Joshi.

Further research may be needed to investigate whether countries where lockdowns were repeatedly imposed continue to exhibit the same type of response to lockdowns each time around, or whether there is a wear-out across lockdowns as well, he added.

Yakusheva emphasized that her paper is just one of many that helps to clarify the benefits and costs of COVID-19 mitigation measures.

My paper, just as much as anybody elses paper, is never a final answer to this question, she said. Its a piece of the puzzle, and it should be taken into consideration in the context of all of the other research.

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Local Lockdowns and COVID-19: How Effective Were They? - Healthline

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