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Daily Archives: November 28, 2021
Warning on tackling HIV as WHO finds rise in resistance to antiretroviral drugs – The Guardian
Posted: November 28, 2021 at 10:26 pm
HIV drug resistance is on the rise, according to a new report, which found that the number of people with the virus being treated with antiretrovirals had risen to 27.5 million an annual increase of 2 million.
Four out of five countries with high rates had seen success in suppressing the virus with antiretroviral treatments, according to the World Health Organizations HIV drug-resistance report.
But the study found an increase in countries reaching a 10% threshold of resistance to a class of drugs which, the WHO said, underlined the need for a move to an alternative treatment, which it has recommended since 2019. Resistance exceeding the 10% threshold was reported in 21 of 30 countries surveyed.
Switching from non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors was important for children, the report said, with nearly half of infants newly diagnosed carrying drug-resistant HIV, according to surveys in 10 sub-Saharan African countries.
The WHO said robust monitoring of drug resistance was key for governments with high numbers of HIV patients to ensure that suppression of the virus did not wane. It said 64% of those countries had plans to monitor and tackle drug resistance.
Meg Doherty, director of WHOs global HIV, hepatitis and STI programmes, said the report held countries accountable for monitoring drug resistance and ensuring effective treatment for patients.
In the future, we will expand our surveillance to new ARVs [antiretrovirals], and those that are delivered as long-acting agents for prevention and treatment, so that we can maintain our ARVs for the lifetime of people living with HIV, said Doherty.
According to the report, countries achieving high levels of viral suppression increased from 33% in 2017 to 80% by the end of 2020, which the WHO said prevented transmission and deaths from HIV and slowed the emergence of drug resistance.
WHOs director general, Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, urged countries to use antimicrobials therapy responsibly to ensure effectiveness.
Antimicrobials including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals and antiparasitics are the backbone of modern medicine. But the overuse and misuse of antimicrobials are undermining the effectiveness of these essential medicines, said Tedros. We can all play a part in preserving antimicrobials and preventing drug resistance.
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5 Major Improvements You’ll See From Doing Yoga Every Day, Says Science Eat This Not That – Eat This, Not That
Posted: at 10:26 pm
It's safe to say at this point that yoga is more than a flash in the wellness pan or yet another fleeting fitness fad. After all, this ancient practice combining precise physical poses, deep breathing, and mental focus dates back over 5,000 years! If people have been practicing yoga for that long, there must be something to it.
One of the biggest factors separating yoga from other physical endeavors is that it's much more than a simple exercise or stretching routine. In fact, yoga is just as much a philosophy as it is a workout. At the core of yoga's message is the idea that body, mind, and spirit are all deeply and irreversibly interconnected. What's good for the body is also good for the spirit and so forth.
There are numerous varieties and "schools" of yoga, with some being far more difficult to perfect than others, but two of the most common variations are called "hatha yoga" and "vinyasa yoga." Usually recommended for beginners, hatha yoga is performed at a slow, deliberate pace and is a great way to acclimate oneself to basic yoga poses. Vinyasa yoga, on the other hand, moves at a faster pace and prioritizes harmonizing breathing and movement.
Many may be hesitant to try yoga for any number of reasons. Some are intimidated by the poses, while others may subscribe to the antiquated notion that yoga is only embraced by hippies and soccer moms. In reality, yoga is becoming more popular by the day. According to the National Institutes of Health, one in seven American adults practiced yoga in 2017! Yoga is well worth a try and offers benefits for anyone and everyone.
So what can a regular yoga regimen do for you? Read on to learn more about the secret effects of doing yoga every day! And next, don't miss Secret Tricks for Getting a Lean Body After 40.
The cardiovascular and heart-related benefits of more traditional forms of exercise like jogging and weightlifting are well-documented. You may be surprised to learn, though, that a daily yoga habit can also translate to major heart health benefits.
This research, presented by the European Society of Cardiology, concludes that a regular yoga routine can significantly relieve AFib symptoms. AFib, or atrial fibrillation, is considered the most common form of heart arrhythmia and is characterized by an irregular heartbeat, fatigue, chest pain, and an increased risk of even more serious heart events including heart attack and stroke. Over the course of a 12-week yoga program, over 500 AFib patients saw both symptom occurrence and severity improve significantly. Even better, many heart patients also enjoyed a notable reduction in blood pressure.
"A large number of studies show that yoga benefits many aspects of cardiovascular health," Hugh Calkins, M.D., director of the Cardiac Arrhythmia Service at Johns Hopkins, explained to Hopkins Medicine. "There's been a major shift in the last five years or so in the number of cardiologists and other professionals recognizing that these benefits are real."
Related:Sign up for our newsletterfor the latest Mind + Body news!
Depression is an incredibly complex condition, and we know by now that there is no single panacea that's going to put a smile on everyone's face. That being said, there is scientific reason to believe that yoga promotes positivity and can assist in treating and alleviating depression.
One study published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine gathered together a group of 30 adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) and instructed half to participate in either yoga or deep breathing classes seven days per week for a total of 12 weeks or to attend yoga/breathing classes five days per week for the same period.
"Think of it this way, we give medications in different doses in order to enact their effects on the body to varying degrees. Here, we explored the same concept, but used yoga," explains corresponding study author Chris Streeter, MD, an associate professor of psychiatry at Boston University. "We call that a dosing study. Past yoga and depression studies have not really delved deeply into this."
After just a single month, participants in both groups reported feeling much more positive, less depressive feelings, less anxiety, more tranquility, and improved sleep quality. Those who practiced more yoga were more likely to enjoy greater relief, but even the "low dose" yoga group experienced notable depression alleviation.
"The practical findings for this integrative health intervention is that it worked for participants who were both on and off antidepressant medications, and for those time-pressed, the two times per week dose also performed well," says The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine Editor-in-Chief John Weeks.
An aching back is perhaps one of the most common complaints as one grows older, but yoga can help ease back pain as well. This research published in the Annals of Internal Medicine even reports a 12-week yoga course was just as helpful in terms of easing chronic back pain and improving function as 15 visits to a physical therapist! Moreover, the yoga students were still enjoying less back pain a full year afterward!
Meanwhile, another study released in the Cochrane Library came to similar conclusions after analyzing 12 relevant prior projects encompassing over 1,000 people. Study authors determined that roughly six months of yoga can potentially help improve back function and provide at least some back pain relief after just three months.
"We found that the practice of yoga was linked to pain relief and improvement in function," comments lead study author, L. Susan Wieland, PhD, MPH, Assistant Professor of Family & Community Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and Coordinator of the Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field at the Center for Integrative Medicine at UM SOM. "For some patients suffering from chronic non-specific low back pain, yoga may be worth considering as a form of treatment."
Related:How Yoga Can Help You Lose Weight, According to Science
If you've been feeling particularly on edge or anxious lately, yoga may be a great way to calm those nerves and finally find elusive relaxation.
"There's no denying that exercise is good for mental health, research shows that yoga has both instant and long-term benefits on reducing anxiety and stress," explains NASM-certified PT Joshua Lafond, founder and editor at HealthyGymHabits. "Since this is the case, I always try to incorporate a yoga pose at the end of every client's workout. I know what you're thinking, yes I will even do this with my macho clients after their heavy weight lifting workouts."
Speaking of research, consider the findings of this study published in JAMA Psychiatry. Scientists conclude yoga is quite effective at treating various anxiety disorders, even more so than standard stress relief courses.
"Generalized anxiety disorder is a very common condition, yet many are not willing or able to access evidence-based treatments," notes lead study author & NYU professor Naomi M. Simon. "Our findings demonstrate that yoga, which is safe and widely available, can improve symptoms for some people with this disorder and could be a valuable tool in an overall treatment plan."
Related:This 25-Minute Walking Workout That Will Get You Toned
Besides yoga's potential mental health benefits, emerging research also suggests a habitual yoga routine can benefit the brain, boost thinking skills, and even prevent cognitive decline. This study released in Brain Plasticity indicates yoga is just as helpful to the mind as aerobic exercise. According to the work, both the hippocampus (responsible for memory) and amygdala (responsible for emotional regulation) tend to be larger among yoga practitioners.
That's not all, either: The prefrontal cortex is larger among people who practice yoga as well. "The prefrontal cortex, a brain region just behind the forehead, is essential to planning, decision-making, multitasking, thinking about your options, and picking the right option," says study leader and Wayne State University psychology professor Jessica Damoiseaux.
For more, check out 3 Major Secrets to Living to 99, According to Betty White.
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Attendees of Ocala conference where ivermectin was promoted contract COVID-19 – The Ledger
Posted: at 10:26 pm
What to know about COVID-19 boosters: Pfizer, Moderna, J&J
FDA approved COVID-19 boosters for adults who had Pfizer and Moderna vaccines at least six months ago and J&J at least 2 months ago.
USA TODAY
Several doctors across the nationwho attended aconference in Florida several weeks agowhereivermectin was promoted as treatment against Covid-19 have since contracted the virus.
Dr. John Littell,the Ocala-based family medicine physician who organized the Florida Summit on COVIDat the World Equestrian Center in Ocala on Nov. 6, told The Ledger that one physician got sick and that a "handful of others" had mild cases.
"Only one physician got sick and that's because his father had been ill in the Florida Keys before he came," Littell said. "In each case, everyone is healthy now and back in the saddle and all were given early treatment and ivermectin and the usual combination of therapies."
Original story: Doctors meet in Ocala to discuss COVID-19 immunity, alternative treatments, ivermectin
What is ivermectin?: Five things to know about ivermectin, one of the drugs Aaron Rodgers used for COVID-19
Subscribers:Despite warnings, doctors assist Floridapatients with accessing anti-parasite drug
And:PBC teacher at center of ivermectin lawsuit dies after battling COVID
More: DeSantis signs bills blocking Biden administrationvaccine mandates in Florida
Asked if COVID-19 was spread at the conference, Littell said no.
"I sent an email to almost 1,000 people who attended and none indicated any illness afterwards," he said.
Littell is unvaccinated against COVID-19 and believes ivermectin is effective at treating and preventing the virus. He told The Ledger in October that he writes between 20and 40prescription for the parasite drug per week.
His opinion goes against that of leading health agencies.
Theres currently insufficient evidence from clinical trials and observational studies to prove the anti-parasite drugtreats or prevents COVID-19, according to thedrug maker's website, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the World Health Organization.
A top official with the Food and Drug Administration has advised doctors not to prescribe the drug,calling it a potentially tragic mistake.
Littell organized a conference in November that drew doctors across the nation who share his opinion about alternative treatment options.
Some of the doctors at the conference spoke againstthe vaccine, sharing information that federal health agencies deem as false.
Ivermectin was among the talking points.
In Polk County:
At the conference, 71-year-old cardiologist and anti-vaccine advocate Dr. Bruce Boros announced, "I have been on Ivermectin for 16 months, my wife and I. I have never felt healthier in my life," Newsweek reported.
That doctor contracted COVID two days later, according to multiple media outlets.Six other doctors who attended also contracted the virus, according to media reports.
The National Institutes of Health has said that most studies claiming to show Ivermectin's benefits contain "incomplete information and significant methodological limitations, which make it difficult to exclude common causes of bias."
A South Carolinanative, Dustin covers Polk County government and county-wide issues. He can be reached at dwyatt@gannett.com or on Twitter @LLDustin_Wyatt.
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Rapid Adoption of Low-Intensity Ultrasound Therapy in Various Medical Specialties to Fuel Revenue Growth of the Ultrasound Market: Reports and Data -…
Posted: at 10:26 pm
Technological advancements in ultrasound systems, increasing use with MRI for detecting benign and malignant tumors, and incorporation in interventional pain medicine are some key factors expected to continue to drive market revenue growth
NEW YORK, Nov. 25, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- Reports and Data has recently published its latest report titled "Ultrasound Market By Device Display (Color Ultrasound Devices, Black & White Ultrasound Devices), By Product (Diagnostic, Therapeutic), By Portability (Trolley/Cart, Compact/Handheld, Point-of-care), By Application, By End-use, And By Region Forecast To 2028."
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According to the latest report by Reports and Data, the global ultrasound market size was USD 6,168.2 million in 2020 and is expected to reach USD 9,453.8 million in 2028 and register a revenue CAGR of 5.40% during the forecast period, 2021-2028.
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Drivers, Restraints, and Opportunities
Ultrasound is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that leverages high-energy sound waves to visualize tissue and organs within the body. Ultrasound has revolutionized medical imaging by offering a robust combination of portability, low cost, and convenient usage, and this has made ultrasound imaging an indispensable tool in radiology owing to efficiency to obtain more accurate imaging and enable diagnosis or more efficiently guide a therapeutic intervention. Over the past few decades, the number of ultrasound procedures have increased substantially and technological advancements such smart transducer design and smaller size or miniaturization of devices, lower cost, and novel data processing software have further contributed to its increased adoption. Increasing use of ultrasound both as imaging and therapeutic modality, rising prevalence of chronic diseases and growing awareness regarding benefits of early diagnosis and detection, and increasing application of ultrasound in acute pain medicine are key factors expected to continue to drive market revenue growth over the forecast period.
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Ultrasound examination is a widely used technique to confirm the diagnosis of chronic diseases owing to its excellent ability of deep penetration into soft tissue in combination with high spatial resolution. Real-time imaging enables physicians to effectively guide therapeutic procedures and biopsies, which enables better accuracy when deploying procedures. Medical ultrasound is generally the primarily preferred imaging modality owing to cost effectiveness and lack of use of ionizing radiation. Ultrasound waves are produced by the transducer that can both, emit and detect the ultrasound waves and echoes, which generate electric signals that are then sent to the ultrasound scanner. Depending on the speed of sound and time of return of ultrasound echo, the distance between transducer and tissue boundary is calculated by the scanner to generate 2D images of tissues and organs. Ultrasound gel prevents the formation of air pockets between the skin and transducer, which can block ultrasound waves from passing into the body. Diagnostic ultrasound is widely used to obtain pictures/imaging of internal organs and tissue to diagnose causes of pain, swelling and infection, and to examine and assess the growth and development of fetus in pregnant women. Over the recent past, advancements in imaging modalities have expanded applications areas of ultrasound from diagnostics to explore alternative therapies. Ultrasound has been rapidly incorporated in acute pain medicine, regional anesthesia, and interventional pain medicine. This can be attributed to increasing ability to view the targeted structure and visualize distribution of injected medication with a capacity to control its distribution by readjusting position, which further improves accuracy of this procedure. This is expected to further drive market growth over the forecast period.
To identify the key trends in the industry, research study at https://www.reportsanddata.com/report-detail/ultrasound-market
However, high costs associated with maintenance of ultrasound systems, increasing number of product recalls, budget constraints in certain diagnostic centers across the globe, and lack of skilled radiologists and professionals are some key factors expected to hamper market growth to a certain extent over the forecast period. In addition, rising concerns regarding therapeutic applications of ultrasound and limitations of ultrasound in examining certain areas can potentially limit its adoption. The application of contrast agents can, however, overcome these limitations and has expanded its application in unfeasible areas such as molecular imaging and drug delivery and this is expected to open up lucrative opportunities in the market over the coming years.
COVID-19 Impact Analysis
Social distancing and restrictions severely disrupted businesses and operations
Lockdowns caused disruptions in transportation and logistics
impacted manufacturing activities and mining operations globally
Took a toll on economy of various countries
Caused sudden and drastic downturn in economic activity
Disrupted agriculture, fisheries, dairy, and other sectors
Caused loss of employment and financial crisis
Supply impacts were further compounded owing to reduced disposable income
Emergence of variants continue to cause concerns and impact normal routines
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Color Ultrasound Devices to Account for Largest Revenue Share:
Color ultrasound devices segment to account for largest revenue share over the forecast period attributable to increasing adoption of color sonography systems owing to its enhanced ability to offer high-resolution images that helps in detection of problems with blood circulation and disease indications.
Compact/Handheld Segment to Register Robust Revenue CAGR:
Compact/handled segment is expected to register robust revenue CAGR over the forecast period owing to increasing availability of compact ultrasound devices, rapid adoption of portable ultrasound systems in hospitals and diagnostic centers, rising R&D activities to develop advanced and smart devices, and increasing cost-effectiveness and convenience of usage.
North America to Account for a Significantly Large Revenue Share:
North America is expected to account for a significantly large revenue share in the global market over the forecast period attributable to increasing adoption of ultrasound technique for diagnostic imaging and therapeutic applications owing to rising prevalence of chronic diseases, availability of advanced ultrasound devices and state-of-the-art healthcare facilities, favorable reimbursement policies, rising number of FDA approvals, and presence of key medical device manufacturers in the region.
Asia Pacific to Register Fastest Revenue CAGR:
Asia Pacific is expected to register fastest revenue CAGR over the forecast period owing to increasing focus on early diagnosis and detection, rising healthcare expenditure, high incidence of chronic diseases such as musculoskeletal disorders and cancer, among others, rapidly growing network of specialized diagnostic imaging centers, and rising preference for minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
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Major Companies in the Market Include:
GE Healthcare
Koninklijke Philips N.V.
Canon Medical Systems Corporation
Siemens Healthineers AG
Samsung Electronics, Ltd.
FUJIFILM Holdings Corporation
Esaote S.p.A.
Mindray Medical International Ltd.
Shimadzu Corporation
Analogic Corporation
Carestream
Hologic
MobiSante
Chison Medical Imaging Co., Ltd.
Konica Minolta Inc.
Toshiba Corporation
Market Segmentation:
For the purpose of this report, Reports and Data has segmented global ultrasound market based on device display, product type, portability, application, end-use, and region:
Device Display Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018-2028)
Product Type Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018-2028)
Portability Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018-2028)
Trolley/Cart
Compact/Handheld
Point-of-care (PoC)
Application Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018-2028)
End-use Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018-2028)
Hospitals, Surgical Centers, and Diagnostic Centers
Maternity Centers
Ambulatory Care Centers
Research and Academia
Others
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Regional Outlook (Revenue, USD Million, 2018-2028)
North America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Latin America
Middle East & Africa
Some points on how the report benefits stakeholders:
The reports include historical (20182020) and forecast (20212028) data points, revenues, and CAGR in table, figure, and chart formats, with detailed and qualitative, supporting written information for each.
Revenue break-up is provided for each segment in these formats for global, regional, and for each country in the respective region for each year between 2018 and 2028.
The report contains insights regarding growth drivers, restraints, opportunities, trends, company profiles, strategic developments, expansion details, product launches, and various other aspects related to the market.
The report contains data and information on customers, competitors, vendors/distributors, and other players and in the global marketplace.
Market research analysis is vital for all crucial business strategies and can aid in numerous ways and to provide a clearer understanding about strategies being deployed by competitors, product launches, competitive analysis, technological advancements and various other factors that enhance sales of a firm or perhaps provide insights to focus on merger and acquisition as a strategy or enter into strategic agreements or joint ventures etc.
The report contains company profiles of the top companies operating in the market along with their respective revenue and operating segments, geographical reach, market footprint, headquarters, growth rates, recent developments, product /services, expansion strategies, investments in expansion, and more.
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About Reports and Data
Reports and Data is a market research and consulting company that provides syndicated research reports, customized research reports, and consulting services. Our solutions purely focus on your purpose to locate, target, and analyze consumer behavior shifts across demographics, across industries, and help clients to make smarter business decisions. We offer market intelligence studies ensuring relevant and fact-based research across multiple industries, including Healthcare, Touch Points, Chemicals, Products, and Energy. We consistently update our research offerings to ensure our clients are aware of the latest trends existent in the market. Reports and Data has a strong base of experienced analysts from varied areas of expertise. Our industry experience and ability to develop a concrete solution to any research problems provides our clients with the ability to secure an edge over their respective competitors.
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The benefits of CBD for female health and wellbeingincluding easing period pain and boosting sex – woman&home
Posted: at 10:26 pm
The purported benefits of CBD have become pretty hard to ignore in recent years. There have been A-list starslike Kim Kardashian and Jennifer Anistonextolling its stress-relieving virtues, as well as a stream of new studies into how it may help ever-increasing aspects of health and wellness. As such, the market for products containing the prized ingredient is projected to be worth $16bn in the US by 2025.
While research has found that more than 60% of people enlist CBD for anxiety, and chronic pain, followed by cbd for sleep and depression, many are already on the scent of further benefits. "Were already starting to see it used increasingly in healthcare, says Dr Dani Gordon, a medical doctor, integrative medicine physician and author of The CBD Bible. Its growing all of the time.
Indeed, one of the latest offerings to hit shelvestampons infused with CBD by the cool menstrual care brand Dayepoints to where this flourishing industry is headed next. There's blossoming evidence that it could help ease the symptoms of women's health conditions like period pain, endometriosis, and menopause.
So, as CBD gets increasingly flung around in marketing, how exactly can it help your mental and physical wellbeing? We take a look at what exactly it is (spoiler: this stuff wont get you high), the science-based ways it can make you feel better, and how best to use it effectively. Now, sit back and relax...
CBD, or cannabidiol, derives from the cannabis sativa plantalso known as marijuana or hempwhich was first used medicinally in Central Asia around 750 BC. While the chemical has become rather trendy in recent years, it lived for a long time under the spotlight of its sibling, THCtetrahydrocannabinola psychoactive ingredient responsible for that well-known "high". As you'll know, cannabis comes with varying levels of legality around the world. In the US, federal law deems that CBD can contain a maximum of 0.3% of THCalthough individual states, of course, have their own rules. Meanwhile, in the UK the limit is 0.2%.
This means that you can happily use CBD as a daily health supplementand doing so may have a powerful effect. "It acts on the endocannabinoid system," explains Dr Dmitry Loktionov, a gynecologist and founder of sexual wellness brand Quanna. "Endocannabinoids are chemicals produced by the body, and along with cannabinoids from CBD they activate cannabinoid receptors located throughout the body, which are linked to various physiological processes such as pleasure, pain, sleep, appetite, mood, memory, fertility and pregnancy.
In order to help you harness these benefits, there are now a wide variety of ways to take it. "CBD oils are among the most popular form, where it is applied under the tongue before swallowing, and it can likewise be ingested orally via gummies or jelly tablets, explains Dr Loktionov. "There is also something called CBD extracta pure form of CBD, that is best for more experienced userswhich is massaged into the cheek or gum." He notes that there has been a rise in CBD topicals applied directly to the skin or cosmetics (yep, CBD mascara is a thing), and there's a burgeoning category of intimate health products, like massage oils or lube (talking of which, don't forget to check out our best lube guide).
Research has shown that the benefits of CBD can include easing the symptoms of:
It's worth noting that the scientific explorations into CBD are very much in the early stages. While it is being hailed as the new miracle 'cure-all', the research isnt yet clear about its benefits, says menopause and hormone expert Claire Snowdon-Darling, who is head of The College of Functional Wellness and co-founder of kinesiology clinic Balanced Wellness. But that doesn't mean that, as part of a healthy lifestyle, it can't play a useful part. "Many women have reported relief from a number of symptoms including PMS and hormone issues, anxiety and depression, insomnia, hair and skin issues and digestive pain, she adds.
What's more, the early signs seem promising for medical conditions. The World Health Organisation has stated that the use of CBD for epilepsy shows promise, and last year the United States Food and Drug Administration approved a purified CBD extract, called Epidiolex, to treat rare seizure disorders in patients.
Looking at CBD for female health specifically, while there are not yet any published studies, there is some evidence of its anxiety-relieving, pain-reducing and anti-inflammatory effects. We have cannabinoid receptors in our uterus and throughout the female reproductive tract, and we also have them in the brain area that deals with the stress response and hormone controlthe hypothalamus," explains Dr Gordon. "This part of the brain talks to our adrenal glands, thyroid and ovaries to help regulate hormone balance, which directly affects our symptoms. As such, CBD can help modulate the stress response via this system and is also an anti-inflammatory.
It's exciting stufflet's take a look at the key areas where CBD benefits might help you now...
(Image credit: Getty Images)
There are indications that CBD can ease pelvic pain, and therefore may help to soothe periods and endometriosis flare-ups. Welcome news to those of you who have had work, study orsimplylife impacted by spending days clutching a hot water bottle and popping ibuprofen to little avail.
While there has been no study specifically on CBD and period pain, one is currently in the works and an existing body of research points to what the results might be. A study published last month found that cannabis appears to be effective" for pelvic pain, as well as gastrointestinal issues and mood. Meanwhile, previous research indicated that cannabinoids were promising solutions to pain and inflammation, while a review suggested that CBD was a modestly effective pain reliever.
But how exactly can it be used to help around your time of the month? Start taking CBD oil a week before your period is due to begin," suggests Kemmy Gichaba, an osteopath and founder of wellness brand Holistic Impact. "Then, on the day it starts, mix a couple of drops with a generous teaspoon of coconut oil or shea butter and begin to massage in circular motions on the abdomen working your way in a V shape downwards."
In addition to PMS, there is also preliminary evidence that CBD could help specifically help endometriosis. The conditionwhich in addition to pelvic pain causes long periods, abdominal cramps and discomfort during sexaffects 11% of women in the US and 10% in the UK. A study looking at how sufferers best managed their symptoms found that those who used cannabis reported the highest self-rated effectiveness, and last year research suggested that as well as helping to regulate symptoms, it also appeared to limit the development of endometrial cysts.So, watch this space.
The stages of menopause are something all women will go through at some point in their lives. While the perimenopause usually begins in your mid-40s, the average age of the menopause is 51. And CBD is becoming increasingly discussed as a treatment for symptomswhich include hot flashes, difficulty sleeping and anxiety. Data from Europe's largest CBD and alternative health marketplace Alphagreen.io found that 15% of consumers are purchasing CBD for precisely this reason.
Dr Gordon explains that CBD products and medical cannabiswhich is legal in parts of the US, and in the UK if prescribed by specialist doctors on a case-by-case basiscan be "incredible tools for symptoms such as sleep disturbance, as well as helping with mood and anxiety. She explained: "I often combine cannabinoids with body identical hormone replacement therapy (HRT)but even if someone cannot take HRT, that is when CBD and medical cannabis can be a great substitute, to dramatically improve quality of life.
Now, the distinction between CBD and medical cannabis is an important one, because some experts believe that there isn't yet evidence to support that the former can alone help fully-fledged menopause symptoms. CBD appears to be a popular alternative choice for women undergoing menopause, but there is no scientific evidence that supports its use, notes Dr Ayanthi Gunasekera, specialist registrar in gynecology at London Gynaecology. CBD suppositories or lubrication may help with symptoms like vaginal dryness, but it is unlikely it will help with hot flashes. Something to bear in mind.
However, mental health is one area where CBD has long been championed. "It is a chemical very similar to the neurotransmitter serotonin, which means that when CBD passes the blood-brain barrier by crossing from the blood system into the brain, it creates the same effect," says Dr Loktionov, of its feel-good benefits. This means when the body is experiencing a stress response, taking CBD can fool the brain into reacting like there is more serotoninthereby relaxing the body.
The calming effects of CBD have been well researched. In one study, 79.2% of the participants reported their anxiety levels had decreased while taking it, and other research found that those who took 300 milligrams of CBD experienced significantly reduced anxiety during a public speaking test. "In particular, studies have shown it to reduce short-term or acute anxiety," notes Dr Loktionov.
However, CBD shouldn't be treated as a miracle solutionjust yet. "There still needs to be more research on things like optimal doses, dosing strategy, and whether it should be used to treat acute or chronic stress, before it can be approved as an official treatment for anxiety," explains Dr Loktionov. Indeed, while research in mice suggested CBD had a similar effect to the antidepressant imipramine, human trials are needed to confirm this. Additionally, another study found that CBD had little impact on participants' emotional reactions to unpleasant images or words.
If you have ever googled how much sleep do I need you'll know that getting your eight hours is important. "Consistently having trouble falling asleep, or experiencing poor quality sleep, can lead to long-term health problems including obesity, anxiety, depression, cardiovascular disease and diabetes, as well as low energy and cognitive issues like brain fog, explains Gichaba.
This is where CBD could come inthere's evidence it can help with shut-eye due to its relaxing effects. A study discovered that after just one month of taking it, 66.7% of participants reported having better sleep, and further research found that those who took 160mg reported sleeping significantly longer. Dr Loktionov notes: "Although more research needs to be done before it can be approved as an official treatment for sleep disorders such as insomnia, studies like these indicate that there is scientific evidence that it can help.
How to use CBD for sleep? "The best product to use in this instance is a CBD oil which is fast-absorbing, and provides a calming effect but without the grogginess," explains Gichaba. "Place the drops under the tongue for 30 seconds to one minute before swallowing."
And for that other kind of bedroom timeif you've got sexual anxiety, then CBD may help you get in the mood. "The female reproductive system has a cannabinoid receptor called TRPA1, found in the clitoris, explains Dr Loktionov. When activated this receptor causes an increase in nitric oxide, which in turn causes an increase in blood flow and enhanced sensitivity." For other ways to boost your sex life? See our best vibrator guide.
(Image credit: Getty Images)
It is estimated that chronic pain affects 50 million people in the US, and 28 million in the UK. Once again, CBD may be coming to the rescue. A review found that cannabis-based medicines could increase relief.
More specifically, it could help those with rheumatoid arthritisa condition predominantly affecting women, that causes pain, stiffness or tenderness in more than one joint. A study found that a CBD-based medication provided sufferers with significant improvements to their quality of sleep as well as pain while moving and resting. The drug, called Sativex, was approved in the UK in 2010, and it is currently being trialed in the US.
How does it work for long-term health issues? "CBD has a direct effect on the endocannabinoid system in the brain, which enhances the effects of other chemicals such as serotonin and anandamideto reduce pain perception," explains Gichaba.
If you want to try CBD for any of the above reasons, there are a few things you should know.Firstly, some methods will have a faster effect than others. Using CBD oil either with a tincture or mist sprays directly under the tongue means that it will be absorbed directly into the bloodstream, says Laura Walton, an endometriosis sufferer and co-founder of CBD brand MOI + ME. Capsules and gummies are absorbed through the stomach, while topical creams and lotions are absorbed through the skin directly where they have been applied. So, opt for what works best for you.
Similarly, how much you need is very individual. When starting with CBD, finding your optimal amount takes a little experimenting, explains Gichaba. The typical dose is between 25-70mg of CBD per day, with 70mg being the maximum recommended in the UK. That said, there is no official serving size and your own ideal dosage will be based on a variety of factors including your weight, metabolism, the type of product youre using." She advises working your way up gradually and having patience since it can take two to three weeks of consistent use to see the effects.
Anything else? As with any medicine CBD use carries some risks, notes Walton. Though it's often well-tolerated, it can cause side effects, such as dry mouth, diarrhea, reduced appetite, drowsiness, and fatigue. It may also interact with other medications you're taking, which is why people should always speak to a doctor before starting it.
w&h thanks medical doctor and integrative medicine physicianDr Dani Gordon, Dr Dmitry Loktionov (gynecologist and co-founder of Quanna), Claire Snowdon-Darling (menopause and hormones expert, who is head of The College of Functional Wellness and co-founder of Balanced Wellness), Kemmy Gichaba (osteopath and founder of Holistic Impact), Dr Ayanthi Gunasekera (gynecologist at London Gynaecology), and Laura Walton (co-founder of MOI + ME) for their time and expertise.
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Moving together: Gratitude Run prioritizes family health on Thanksgiving Day – KRQE News 13
Posted: at 10:26 pm
ALBUQUERQUE, N.M.(KRQE) Instead of a starters pistol, runners across the city can kick their Thanksgiving morning off to the sound of mariachis playing. The annual Gratitude Run is put on by the Native Health Initiative to provide an alternative way of spending the holiday.
In addition to being a family medicine physician, Anthony Fleg is co-partnership director for Native Health Initiative. He created the run in 2016 to provide an alternative, free Thanksgiving Day event that would benefit the community. Most of us would just like to celebrate the holiday with our loved ones, doing something healthy and would much rather bring clothing and food donations for families in need than pay $40 a person for a race. Its more of a celebration of community and a party thats disguised with a walk, run and bike element to it, Fleg said.
He said 400 people showed up to participate in the event, further proving to Fleg that this was something the community wanted to do. Its to the organization that it didnt create barriers that hindered people from participating in the event, which is why the event is free. In place of a registration fee, they ask participants to bring clothing, monetary, hygiene or food donations to be donated to local families in need.
I think the more that we can get our families moving together, the more that other things start to change. That could be dealing with stress in the family, that could be trying to eat healthier. But I think its a really different approach if I as a parent sit in the car on my phone, and my kids doing an activity, versus really getting families moving together, Fleg said.
Beyond the Thanksgiving Day event, Native Health Initiative has an event called Running Medicine that takes the same principles as the Gratitude Run but brings it in a year-round approach. Its a very different feel when you get that intergenerational play, and really the kids become the teachers because they teach adults how to play again, Fleg said.
Lailoni Kie-Leighton and her family have participated in four of the Gratitude Run events throughout the years, and have taken part in the Running Medicine program. She appreciates the alternative approach to medicine and health and says she especially enjoys the support from the group as a whole.
Weve established such a great connection with the group. Theyve become like our family. Sometimes at work, you dont get that Great job, I hope you had a good day today but when you come out to one of our celebrations, you do get that positive impact, Kie-Leighton said. Im really looking forward to seeing people there, and all the different ages, and being able to give back to the community, and also being able to enjoy everyones positive vibes.
The 6th annual Gratitude Run begins at 9 a.m. at North Domingo Baca Park. The free event will kick off with a land acknowledgment and participants can walk, run or bike. For more information, visit lovingservice.us/gratitude-run-1.
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Making Nepal a middle-income developing nation: Opportunities and challenges – Himalayan Times
Posted: at 10:26 pm
KATHMANDU, NOVEMBER 27
The 40th plenary meeting of the 76th Session of the United Nations General Assembly unanimously adopted a resolution on Thursday endorsing the graduation of Nepal from the Least Developed Country category with the preparatory period of five years.
With the unanimous adoption of the proposal, it has become inevitable to focus the vision of all political players on the activities of national income generation, and maintain political stability for the next five years.
The meeting approved Nepal's proposal on the basis of Gross National Income, Human Asset and Economic and Environmental Vulnerability, in view of the unwavering plan of the Government of Nepal to realise the national aspiration of 'Prosperous Nepal, Happy Nepali' reflected in the 15th Periodic Plan.
It is a matter of pride for all Nepalis that Nepal, which has been a victim of poverty and backwardness for more than five decades, is moving towards transformation into a middle-income developing country. Not only has the country's uplift been a sign of progress, but it has also sent a positive message to the world community about Nepal's development prospects.
Although the challenge for Nepal is to increase the income of every Nepali, free them from the vicious cycle of poverty and keep them busy in sustainable income generation, upgrading can be marketed as an attractive destination for foreign direct investment and there is ample opportunity to increase domestic private sector investment for smooth upgradation. There is no alternative to moving forward for sustainable and irreversible development by gradually devising development strategies, expediting policy and procedural reforms and adjustments in cooperation with Nepal's development and trade partners, and creating a conducive environment for investment.
It has become imperative for the country's political leadership to immediately engage in dialogue with Nepal's bilateral and multilateral development and trade partners to ensure that the common 'agenda' of national development remains the same, despite political differences. For that, strong will and sincerity must be demonstrated.
Nepal's political leadership, which has been able to resolve the a decade-long armed conflict peacefully, once again should take advantage of the opportunity to exhibit that they are not divided on the question of removing Nepal from the list of poor countries and restoring its lost image to the world community.
Even though Nepal, as a least developed country, will continue receiving favour, facilities, concessions and assistance from the international community till December 2026, it will be reduced thereafter. In order to work with a clear action plan focusing on the country's abundant water resources, commercialisation of agriculture, optimum utilisation of forest and forest products, including herbal medicine and tourism sectors, it has become imperative to formulate a national transition strategy of upgrading in collaboration with bilateral, regional and multilateral development and trade partners, including the UN system.
The five-year preparatory period is provided for a smooth transition, recognising the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting need to implement policies and strategies to reverse the pandemic's damage to the economic and social sectors. The five-year transition period is provided on an exceptional basis mainly in the context of the COV- ID-19 pandemic, which would normally be for three years.
The resolution has mandated the Committee on Development Policy, a subsidiary body of the Economic and Social Council, to analyse the adequacy of the preparatory period at its 2024 triennial review and recommend further extension if necessary. The resolution also invites Nepal and the other two graduating countries to prepare smooth national transition strategies, with the support of the UN system and in cooperation with their bilateral, regional, and multilateral development and trading partners.
After the adoption of the resolution, Nepal has reiterated its commitment to making all-out efforts for smooth graduation with the enhanced level of support from development partners, including the UN system.
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Making Nepal a middle-income developing nation: Opportunities and challenges - Himalayan Times
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Natural selection has been acting on hundreds of human genes in the last 3,000 years – Livescience.com
Posted: at 10:26 pm
Natural selection, the evolutionary process that guides which traits become more common in a population, has been acting on us for the past 3,000 years, right up to the modern day, new research suggests.
And it seems to be acting in surprising ways on complex traits encoded by multiple genes, such as those tied to intelligence, mental illness and even cancer.
In natural selection, genes that confer some sort of survival or reproductive advantage get passed down and persist in a population, while those that lead to lower survival or fewer offspring become less common. There's no question that natural selection shaped the evolution of humans in our more distant past. But the impact of natural selection in the recent past is a much more controversial question.
The new research suggests that natural selection is indeed an important factor in modern times, though the methods used in the study have led to missteps before, said John Novembre, a computational biologist at the University of Chicago who was not involved in the new research. This means the findings should not be taken as the final word in modern-day natural selection.
Related: How would Earth be different if modern humans never existed?
The new study focuses on traits that emerge from a combination of multiple gene variants, such as intelligence and skin pigmentation. The complex genetics of these traits makes unraveling the action of individual genes difficult. To find these subtle effects, researchers conduct genome-wide association studies (GWAS), in which they scan for genetic markers across the entire genome to find short genetic sequences that are more common in certain traits than in others.
These results can be challenging to interpret even comparing people at a single point in time. Newer studies up the ante by looking not only for genes associated with complex traits, but also for signs of natural selection on these traits. In essence, genes that become more common over time are under positive selection: They're beneficial in some way and are thus likely to be passed down. Genes that become less common with time are under negative selection. They're somehow harmful to survival or reproduction, and thus are less likely to be passed down.
"There is quite a lot of controversy about whether GWAS is ready for this type of application," Novembre told Live Science.
In their study, published Nov. 15 in the journal Nature Human Behaviour, the researchers found a total of 755 traits showing signs of selection in the last 2,000 to 3,000 years.
For the modern samples, the researchers used data from people of European ancestry in the U.K. BioBank, a repository of genetic and health data from 500,000 participants. To look deeper into history, the researchers also used three datasets of ancient human DNA from the pre-Neolithic, Neolithic and after the advent of agriculture in the Near East, comprising a total of 512 individuals. The researchers looked in three timeframes: The modern era, the past 2,000 to 3,000 years, and up to about 100,000 years ago. The oldest data is the most unreliable, said study leader Guan Nin Ling, a professor in the school of biomedical engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
While the researchers had detailed health and lifestyle information from the U.K. BioBank, they had only partial genetics to go on for the older samples, and no direct information about things like how many children a person had or what they ate. Thus, they used the genes themselves to infer traits. If a gene known to be involved in height increased in frequency over time, the researchers took that as a signal that height might have been under positive natural selection.
The traits that seemed to be under selection ranged from skin traits such as "ease of tanning" to various body measurements. Somewhat surprisingly, genes associated with some seemingly undesirable traits increased in prevalence over time, including genes associated with conditions like skin cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and anorexia nervosa. This suggests that some of these disorders arise as side effects of genes that are beneficial for other reasons, the researchers suggested.
"If one variant elevates the risk of one disease but decreases the risk of another, natural selection would have little power to eliminate this variant," Lin told Live Science.
Ling and his colleagues were most interested in the question of why disorders with complex genetics, such as schizophrenia or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), persist despite natural selection.
But GWAS can be a tricky tool for trying to unravel natural selection, Novembre told Live Science. One of the biggest problems is something called "stratification." Differences between two populations can appear genetic, when they are actually environmental. Because GWAS can't show that a gene causes a trait, only that they're associated, the results can get weird, fast. To use a classic example from a 1994 paper, chopstick skills are clearly not a gift of DNA: They're a matter of practice from a young age. But a GWAS study in a diverse population like San Francisco might very easily turn up evidence of genes associated with chopstick skills simply by revealing genes that are more common in East Asian populations than in European populations.
This mistake has actually happened. In the last decade, a number of papers came out claiming that height-conferring gene variants are more prevalent in Northern Europe than in Southern Europe and that natural selection was pushing Northern Europeans to become taller, on average, according to research published in 2012 in the journal Nature Genetics.
But it turned out the impact of these genetic variants was overestimated, Novembre said. When looking at those same genetic variants in less diverse populations (a strategy for reducing the stratification problem), the evidence for natural selection vanished. The study had been picking up on so-far-unknown environmental differences between northern and southern Europeans and mistaking them for something purely genetic. Researchers had to completely rethink the results and are still uncertain about whether natural selection has anything to do with height differences across Europe, according to a 2019 paper in the journal eLife.
The use of data from people of only European ancestry helps limit the stratification problem, Novembre said. But there are still opportunities for the stratification problem to arise, he warned.
Among the hundreds of traits the researchers found might be under natural selection, a few stood out. When focusing on modern-day data, the researchers found that higher IQ was associated with having more sexual partners but fewer children. Meanwhile, ADHD and schizophrenia were both associated with having more sexual partners. These two conditions are examples of traits that might be a challenge in daily life, yet improve mating success, Lin told Live Science.
When looking back over more than 100,000 years of human history, the researchers found that traits having to do with skin tone and body measurements were the most common to show selection pressure. These included things like facial measurements, height and torso length. For example, genes associated with face shape and size were apparently under natural selection over the past 100,000 years, the researchers found, which might have to do with changes to the jaw and skull associated with diet and brain growth.
Looking back as far as 3,000 years ago, the researchers found that inflammatory bowel disease seemed to be favored by natural selection. This could be an example of a trait that is helpful in one context and harmful in another, Lin said.
"We hypothesize that in ancient times with poor hygiene conditions, a highly activated immune system in the intestine would protect us from infection," he wrote in an email to Live Science. "However, a highly activated immune system in modern society only causes our intestine to attack itself."
But it can be very hard to show why a particular trait relates to evolutionary success. To use height as an example, being tall might benefit reproduction by making someone more appealing to potential sexual partners. Or maybe height is just a side effect of an efficient metabolism, which improves survival rates, and that increased likelihood of surviving to reproductive age could lead to the genes getting passed down to the next generation. If genes tend to vary together and many do natural selection could be acting on a totally different trait than the one that seems most intuitive. For example, Novembre said, the variants that made skin tanning easier, which showed up as highly selected in the new research, are likely related to a lot of other traits, like rates of skin cancer, freckling and hair color. It's hard to know what path, exactly, leads to someone reaching reproductive age, attracting a fertile mate, and having lots of babies, and which genes are just lucky hangers-ons in that process.
Making matters more complicated, there are times when the genetics of a trait may be completely swamped by the environment. Something like this could theoretically happen with human intelligence. IQ is partially hereditary, so if it's true that higher-IQ people do have fewer children, that would arguably push the collective IQ of the population downward over time. But if the environment became more conducive to brain development better nutrition, reductions in lead or other pollutants the population might well become brighter.
"Just because the apparent genetic basis for something is changing doesn't mean the population has even been evolving in that direction," Novembre said.
One approach to nailing down natural selection would combine large-scale GWAS with studies on the genomes of single families, Novembre said. Family members, especially siblings, usually grow up in fairly similar environments, so it's easier to tell when genes are affecting any given trait. These family studies could be used to ground-truth claims from large GWAS samples, teasing out which genes still show impacts when you remove as much of the environment as possible from the equation.
Lin and his colleagues plan to conduct family studies to learn more about the genetics of complex conditions like schizophrenia. They're also working to quantify genetic variants that can give rise to both beneficial and harmful effects simultaneously, he said. The findings of the new study are a starting point, Lin said, and a reminder that natural selection is still a force in human biology.
"It is simply not true that humans have stopped evolving by natural selection, even given our capacity to change the environment towards facilitating and reducing physical tasks, minimizing the energetic costs to get better food, and better health care system," Lin said.
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Animal Genetics Market Worth ($7,705.23 Mn by 2027) by (6.3% CAGR) with Impact of Coronavirus Outbreak and Global Analysis & Forecast by The…
Posted: at 10:26 pm
Growth of Animal Genetics Market is attributed to rise in production of porcine and increase in pork consumption across the globe. The same segment is likely to register highest CAGR in the global animal genetics market during the forecast period.
PUNE, India, Nov. 25, 2021 /PRNewswire/ -- According to The Insight Partners study on "Animal Genetics Market to 2027 Global Analysis and Forecast by Animal Genetic Material, Genetic Material and Service" the animal genetics market was valued at US$ 4,778.67 million in 2019 and is projected to reach US$ 7,705.23 million by 2027; it is expected to grow at a CAGR of 6.3% during 20192027. The growth of the market is attributed to the growing preference for animal derived proteins supplements and food products and rising adoption of progressive genetic practices such as artificial insemination (AI) and embryo transfer. However, limited number of skilled professionals in veterinary research and stringent government regulations for animal genetics is expected to hinder the market growth.
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The North American region holds the largest market share of this market and is expected to grow in forecasted years. The growth in North America is characterized by the presence of new market players, various product launches and increasing government initiatives.
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Likewise, Mexico is likely to offer attractive business opportunities for livestock genetics. Over the last decades, Mexico's beef, pork, and dairy productions have undergone valuable developments. Mexican generators in the expanding livestock intensive systems are frequently using modern genetic improvement technologies such as artificial insemination and embryo transfers.
In North America, the US is the largest market for animal genetics market. Livestock groups provide consumers with different products and services, including meat, milk, eggs, fiber, and draught power. The genetic variation within livestock communities produces the raw material for evolving through natural selection in answer to changing conditions and human-managed genetic improvement plans. As per the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), animal genetics is one of the livestock development support. It is a wide field, ranging from characterization to conservation to genetic development. According to the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), there have been dramatic improvements in animal production yields and efficiencies. Therefore, the ever-increasing demand for dietary protein in the United States has been observed. These demands are achieved by one the best Animal breeding is one strategy by which these improvements may be performed. NIFA, with the help of scientists from universities and research organizations and food animal industries, provides national leadership and funding opportunities to conduct basic, applied, and integrated research to increase knowledge of animal genetics and genomics.
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The COVID-19 outbreak has disturbed various trades and businesses across the world. The incidence of corona virus or COVID 19 has not yet been registered the animals. Also, there is no evidence that companion animals are the prime source of the spreading epidemic in humans. However, various studies have been conducted to check the spread of disease from animals to humans. In many cases, zoonotic diseases were found in humans due to interaction with animals. Therefore, government bodies are taking more precautions and safety measures to prevent the spread of corona virus in the animals. The measures are widely carried out for companion animals as they frequently come in contact with their owners. Also, it is essential to report the cases to a veterinary authority. For instance, in the region, to report the cases of detection of COVID-19 is done to OIE through WAHIS, in accordance with the OIE Terrestrial Animal Health Code as an emerging disease.
The OIE is actively working by providing assistance to research for their on-going research and other implications of COVID-19 for animal health and veterinary public health. The assistance is also providing risk assessment, risk management, and risk communication. Also, the OIE has put in place an Incident Coordination System to coordinate these activities. In addition, OIE is also working with the Wildlife Working Group and other partners to develop a long-term work program. The aims are to provide better understandings, dynamics, and risks around wildlife trade and consumption. Also, it aims to develop strategies to reduce the risk of future spillover events.
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Additionally, various product and service launches have been initiated, which is helping the US market to grow. For instance, The Veterinary Genetics Laboratory (VGL) at the UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine has launched an updated and advanced website along with several new tests for veterinary community. As the VGL is one of the foremost genetic testing laboratories in the world, the new site and tests will bring yet another level of global impact to the top-ranked veterinary school. Thus, the consistent support for combating addiction in the country undertaken by various organizations likely to augment the growth of animal genetics market during the forecast years.
The Asia Pacific region is expected to be the fastest-growing region among all other regions. The growth of the market in the region is majorly due to countries like China, India and Japan, which drives the major consumption of animal derived products. Moreover, growing preference for animal derived proteins supplements and food products, and rising adoption of progressive genetic practices such as artificial insemination (AI) and embryo transfer are also likely to contribute to market growth. On the other hand, significant investment by government in various breeding programs is supporting the growth of market. For instance, the central and local governments have invested more than RMB 5 billion to build breeding or multiplier farms and conservation farms for breed improvement programs and the building of centers for testing the quality of breeding stock, semen, and embryos.
Based on product, the animal genetics market is segmented poultry, porcine, bovine, canine, and others. The porcine segment accounted for more than 35.84% of the market share in 2019. In terms of genetic material, the animal genetics market is segmented into semen, and embryo. The embryo segment held the largest share of the market in 2019. In terms of service, the animal genetics market is segmented into DNA typing, genetic trait tests, genetic disease tests, and others.The DNA typing segment held the largest share of the market in 2019.
Rising Adoption of Progressive Genetic Practices Such as Artificial Insemination (AI) and Embryo Transfer in Animal Genetics Market:
Growing focus on developing superior animal breeds using genetic engineering to obtain high reproduction rates for large-scale production of modified breeds is expected to drive animal genetics market during the forecast period. Animal genetics emphasizes the inheritance and genetic variations in wild and domestic animals. This science is used at a commercial level for services such as testing genetic disorders, screening genetic traits, and typing DNA. For identifying genetic hybridizations, animal genetics uses various genetic practices, such as artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and cytological studies. Moreover, artificial insemination (AI) can reduce various risks involved in animal breeding and disease transmission. It is found that female offspring cattle born through artificial insemination yield more milk than normal offspring. Additionally, the use of antibiotic-containing semen extensors is effective in preventing bacterial infectious diseases. Therefore, the entire AI process is considered hygienic than natural mating.
The market players are focusing on partnerships, collaboration, and acquisitions to develop genetically modified breeds and maintain their market share. For instance, in August 2020, Cogent and AB Europe collaborated to launch a novel sexed semen service for sheep producers in the UK. In May 2018, Recombinetics entered into partnership agreement with SEMEX for the implementation of a precision breeding program, which is expected to improve animal health and well-being through hornless dairy cattle genetics. According to the Brazilian Association of Artificial Insemination, the number of commercialized doses of semen increased from 7 million in 2003 to ~14 million in 2017. Thus, rising adoption of genetic practices will support the market growth in coming years.
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Market: Segmental Overview
In terms of product, porcine segment is anticipated to register the highest CAGR during the forecast period. Growing production of porcine and increase in pork consumption is likely to favor the growth of the market. Pork is the most consumed meat across the globe. In the US, pork production generates $23.4 billion output per year. Additionally, 26% that is around 2.2 million metric tons of pork and its products are exported to other countries. Despite of the challenges such as tariffs, labor and disease risks, the pork industry in US is still growing with around 66,000 sows in 2019. Also, developments by the major pork producers in the country is likely to grow the pork production industry. For instance, in 2017, 123-year-old Clemens Food Group partnered with 12 independent hog farmers to establish a new packing plant in Michigan. Thus, growing pork production industry is likely to favor market growth. In terms of genetic material, the animal genetics market is segmented into semen, and embryo. The embryo segment held the largest share of the market in 2019. In terms of service, the animal genetics market is segmented into DNA typing, genetic trait tests, genetic disease tests, and others.The DNA typing segment held the largest share of the market in 2019.
Animal Genetics Market: Competition Landscape and Key Developments
Neogen Corporation, Genus, Groupe Grimaud, Topigs Norsvin, Zoetis Services Llc, Hendrix Genetics Bv, Envigo, Vetgen, Animal Genetics Inc, Alta Genetics Inc. and among others are among the key companies operating in the animal genetics market. These players are focusing on the expansion and diversification of their market presence and the acquisition of a new customer base, thereby tapping prevailing business opportunities.
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In September 2020, Genus Plc and Tropic Bioscience entered into collaboration. Tropic Biosciences the pioneering agricultural-biotechnology company entered into collaboration with Genus in order to explore the application of Tropic's Gene Editing induced Gene Silencing (GEiGS) technology in porcine and bovine genetics.
In July 2020, Topigs Norsvin entered into strategic partnership with Acuity swine genetics company. This partnership will provide the opportunity for joint collaboration and expansion of technical expertise, commercial product testing and supply chain infrastructure in animal genetics market across the North America region.
In April 2020, Zoetis Animal Genetics and Angus Australia have entered into a strategic partnership that will aid Australian Angus breed stock and commercial breeders an additional benefit from genomic, or DNA-based technology. Zoetis have made a considerable investment in the expansion of the Angus genomic reference population through the provision of genotyping services and sponsorship.
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Animal Genetics Market Worth ($7,705.23 Mn by 2027) by (6.3% CAGR) with Impact of Coronavirus Outbreak and Global Analysis & Forecast by The...
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Exercise may lower inflammation by increasing endocannabinoids – Medical News Today
Posted: at 10:26 pm
Cannabis exerts its effects on the body by binding to cannabinoid receptors. These cannabinoid receptors also bind to endogenous cannabinoids that the body makes, called endocannabinoids.
Endocannabinoids are involved in the modulation of numerous biological processes, including metabolism, pain, inflammation, and transmission of information in the brain. The release of endocannabinoids, along with opioids, is also responsible for the feeling of euphoria that people generally experience after an intense workout.
A new study has shown that daily physical exercise is effective in lowering the levels of inflammation-related markers. Moreover, the study suggests that the endocannabinoid system may interact with gut microorganisms to produce such a reduction in inflammatory markers.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham led the research, which appears in the journal Gut Microbes.
Endocannabinoids bind to cannabinoid receptors present in the brain, peripheral nervous system, and immune system. The enteric nervous system, which controls the gut, also expresses cannabinoid receptors.
The dysregulation of the endocannabinoid system is associated with obesity and metabolic disorders.
Microorganisms present in the gut, which people collectively refer to as the gut microbiota, also have a significant influence on metabolism. Changes in the composition of these microorganisms, including reduced diversity of gut microorganisms, are associated with obesity and other metabolic disorders.
Studies suggest that the endocannabinoid system interacts with the gut microbiota to influence metabolism and energy homeostasis.
For instance, gut microbiota composition can influence endocannabinoid and cannabinoid receptor levels in the intestine. Specifically, changes in gut microbiome composition in obesity occur alongside lower endocannabinoid levels.
Obesity and other metabolic disorders are also associated with chronic, low grade inflammation. Both endocannabinoids and gut microbiota are involved in the modulation of inflammation, including in the aforementioned conditions.
Certain gut bacteria species can break down dietary fiber to produce short-chain fatty acids. These short-chain fatty acids have a link with lower inflammation and may exert protective effects against obesity.
Similarly, the endocannabinoid system can limit inflammation, and changes in the endocannabinoid system are observed in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and obesity.
Scientists do not fully understand whether the short-chain fatty acids that gut microorganisms produce can interact with the endocannabinoid system to produce anti-inflammatory effects.
The present study reports that the endocannabinoid system may mediate, in part, the anti-inflammatory effects of short-chain fatty acids that the gut microbiota produces, and vice versa.
Exercise is associated with an increase in endocannabinoid levels and long-term anti-inflammatory effects. The researchers used a 6-week exercise intervention to investigate further the association between endocannabinoids, inflammation, and short-chain fatty acids produced by gut microorganisms.
The researchers found that physical exercise was associated with lower inflammation, which higher short-chain fatty acid and endocannabinoid levels accompanied.
The studys first author, Dr. Amrita Vijay, a research associate at the University of Nottingham, told Medical News Today:
The findings from the current study highlight that simple lifestyle interventions such as exercise can modulate endocannabinoids, and this is a timely discovery, especially in the time when there is increasing interest around the use of cannabidiol and other related supplements in reducing levels of inflammation.
The present study involved two cohorts. The first cohort consisted of 78 adults who were aged over 45 years, living with knee arthritis, and residing in a community setting.
The researchers examined the relationship between the endocannabinoid system, gut microbiota, and inflammation in this cohort at baseline. They then confirmed these results in a second cohort consisting of 35 individuals over 18 years of age.
The researchers also assessed the effects of a 6-week exercise intervention tailored to people with osteoarthritis on the relationship between the endocannabinoid system, inflammation, and gut microbiota in the first cohort. To do this, they divided the participants into a treatment group, consisting of 38 participants, and a control group, involving 40 individuals.
The researchers used blood samples from the participants to evaluate the serum levels of endocannabinoids, short-chain fatty acids, and inflammatory markers. The inflammatory markers included cytokines, a class of immune proteins that have either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects.
The team used stool samples and conducted DNA sequencing to assess the abundance of various gut microbiota species.
Before the onset of the exercise intervention in the first cohort, the researchers found that endocannabinoid levels had a positive correlation with gut microbial diversity, short-chain fatty acids levels, and levels of gut microbiota species that produce these short-chain fatty acids.
In contrast, higher endocannabinoid levels were associated with lower levels of Collinsella, a gut bacteria genus that is linked with increased inflammation.
Consistent with these results, endocannabinoid levels were positively correlated with anti-inflammatory cytokines levels but had a negative relationship with pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. These results from the first cohort were similar to those that the team obtained from the second cohort.
The researchers then estimated the contribution of endocannabinoids to mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of short-chain fatty acids. They used a statistical method called mediation analysis, which can help estimate the extent to which a third factor plays a role in mediating the relationship between two variables.
They found that endocannabinoids mediated roughly one-third of the effects of short-chain fatty acids on inflammatory markers. This suggests that other biological factors or pathways, in addition to the endocannabinoid system, may play a role in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of short-chain fatty acids that the gut microbiome produces.
Likewise, the researchers investigated the extent to which short-chain fatty acids mediated the effects of endocannabinoids on inflammation. They estimated that short-chain fatty acids mediated about half of these effects.
However, the authors caution that such estimates, which they obtained using mediation analysis, do not imply causality.
Next, the researchers examined how the 6-week exercise intervention affected the association between endocannabinoids levels on one hand and short-chain fatty acid levels, gut microbiome composition, and inflammatory markers on the other.
They found that endocannabinoid and short-chain fatty acid levels increased in the exercise group but did not show any changes in the control group. At the same time, there was a decline in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the participants in the exercise group.
Changes in the levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide correlated with the short-chain fatty acid butyrate after 6 weeks across the two groups. Moreover, the researcher found a positive correlation between the changes in endocannabinoid levels and the increase in the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria.
On the other hand, changes in endocannabinoid levels were negatively correlated with the changes in the abundance of bacteria and cytokines associated with pro-inflammatory effects.
Lastly, the endocannabinoid levels were positively associated with the expression levels of the genes for the short-chain fatty acid receptor FFAR2 and the cannabinoid receptor CNR2.
The short-chain fatty acid receptor is associated with a lower risk of obesity, whereas CNR2 is associated with anti-inflammatory effects.
These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects resulting from physical exercise could potentially involve an interaction between endocannabinoids and short-chain fatty acids.
Highlighting the studys salience, Dr. Vijay said, The findings are novel, as we may have found a key link between how substances produced by gut microbes interact with the substances produced by our own bodies, which tell us how physical exercise reduces inflammation.
The authors note that their findings are observational and do not establish causation. Furthermore, Dr. Vijay added, The exercise intervention we carried out was performed in individuals with painful knee osteoarthritis and may not be directly relevant to other groups.
It would be interesting to test if different forms of exercise have different effects on our bodies in relation to the levels of these substances being produced and thereby influencing inflammation. It is also important to consider the effect of diet on these relationships.
Dr. Vijay
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Exercise may lower inflammation by increasing endocannabinoids - Medical News Today
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