Monthly Archives: August 2021

Arizona Sports Betting: Sites to be live in time for NFL kick-off – nj.com

Posted: August 28, 2021 at 12:34 pm

Get the latest news on Arizona sports betting with our guide. Mandatory Credit: Mandatory Credit: Joe Camporeale-USA TODAY Sports

In preparation for the new NFL season, Arizona is opening its doors to sports betting as the likes of BetMGM and DraftKings prepare to launch in the Grand Canyon state.

At the time of writing, sports betting, both online and in-person, is prohibited in the state of Arizona, however this is about to change ahead of the upcoming NFL season.

Sports betting in AZ is set to be made fully legal and licensed come September 9th, just in time for the new football season.

Daily fantasy sports betting is also set to be launched in the coming weeks, with August 28th the date in which fantasy betting will be allowed in the state of Arizona.

All of this comes after the Arizona legislature approved sports betting back on April 12th, with residents of the state now finally being able to wager their money on sports in less than a month's time.

Operators such as DraftKings, FanDuel and BetMGM will all be made available to those living in Arizona in the near future, with as many as seven sites set to be launched following the legalization of sports betting come September 9th.

Online BettingNo (Coming September 9th)Mobile BettingNo (Coming September 9th)Retail BettingNo (Coming September 9th)Minimum Age21

At the moment, sports betting is not legal within the state of Arizona, however come August 28th, residents of the state will be able to wager this money with fantasy sports betting sites.

In addition to this, sports betting will become fully legal come September 9th following the Arizona legislature giving this the go-ahead following their approval of sports betting back in April.

Although the final number is unknown, as many as 12 different sportsbooks look set to launch once sports betting becomes legal in Arizona, with these being: DraftKings, FanDuel, Caesars, BetMGM, Barstool, WynnBet, TwinSpires, BlueBet, BetFred, PointsBet Ballys Crop and Kindred Group.

When it comes to Arizonas neighboring states, the likes of Nevada and Colorado have both legalized sports betting in some capacity, with the likes of New Mexico, California and Utah both having failed to do so at this point.

Arizona has been getting ready to launch sports betting throughout the state since Gov. Doug Doucey signed a deal to introduce sports wagering to the state, with as many as 12 different sportsbooks announcing partnerships to open their doors in the Grand Canyon state.

The state has so far received 25 applications from different sportsbooks to introduce their business to Arizona, however the local government is only able to hand out 20 at this point in time.

With this in mind, itll be interesting to see which sportsbooks are able to launch in Arizona and achieve a license, and which ones end up falling at the first hurdle.

As previously stated, as many as 12 sportsbooks could be set to launch in Arizona on or after September 9th, with this being the earliest in which any state will be opening their doors in the Grand Canyon state.

DraftKings, FanDuel and Caesars are all expected to launch both in-person and online come September 9th, with the likes of BetMGM, WynnBet and PointsBet all set to follow.

With this in mind, well be going over some of the more popular sportsbooks that are set to launch in Arizona in the coming weeks and months, offering our advice on what Arizonians can expect from these bookies in due course.

FanDuel Arizona are set to open their doors at the Footprint Center in Phoenix come September 9th, with the company stating that their operations will be ready for the start of the NFL season.

Their fantasy sports betting options are also set to launch August 28th with FanDuel expected to be completely up and running before the end of September.

Read all about the very latest Arizona Sports Betting news regarding FanDuel and many other sportsbooks that are opening in the Grand Canyon state in the coming weeks.

Having partnered up with the Arizona Cardinals, BetMGM will almost certainly be opening their doors in the Copper state in the near future.

With plans to open a physical sportsbook in the Cardinals stadium, as well as launching their online sportsbook, Arizona residents should be able to take advantage of all that BetMGM has to offer when they finally launch.

With DraftKings being one of the countrys leading fantasy sports sites, they are expected to get the jump on their sportsbook competitors and launch August 28th alongside FanDuel.

Their sportsbook is set to be introduced in the following weeks/months, with DraftKings aiming to have all of their betting options available in Arizona in time for the new football season.

Chase Field is set to be the home of Caesars first physical sportsbook in the Copper state, as the home of the Arizona Diamondbacks look to welcome the sportsbook to the state in time for the football season.

Theyre set to open their door at the State Farm stadium in the coming weeks as well, with Caesars expected to keep expanding their horizons in the state from here.

PointsBet recently agreed a 10-year deal to open their online sports betting operations in Arizona, partnering with Cliff Castle Casino Hotel in the process.

Residents can expect to be able to use PointsBets online sports wagering service in the future months with users then able to bet on the remainder of the NFL season, as well as range of other sports, once this is done.

Arizona is set to allow the opening of a number of physical sportsbooks once sports wagering is made legal in September.

20 licenses have been issued in total, with 10 of these being given to Arizonian tribal casinos, some of which will contain sportsbooks, with the other 10 being handed out to professional sports franchises and their venues.

Arizonas venture into sports betting truly began in 2019, when Sen. Sonny Borrelli and Rep. Steve Pierce pushed forward a bill that would end with all sports betting, aside from mobile betting, being legalized in the state.

This bill faced a lot of opposition from Indian tribes based in Arizona, with this coming despite the fact they were set to benefit greatly from a financial standpoint from this.

In 2020, this same bill was reintroduced by both Borrelli and Pierce, however much like in 2019, it faced similar opposition and thus was not passed.

Despite this, Arizona is now set to introduce sports betting to the state for the first time in its history in the coming weeks following Gov Doug Ducey giving his support for sports betting in the state.

This comes after the Arizonian government was looking to introduce new ways to bring money into the Arizona economy, with the Arizonian tribes finally changing their viewpoint on the matter and agreeing to the introduction of sports betting in the state.

A bill was then pushed forward in January, with this bill being passed by the senate to allow the legalization of both mobile and retail sports betting in the state, with this now being introduced in the very near future.

Arizona has a wealth of sports teams to bet on, with the likes of the Diamondbacks, the Cardinals and the Phoenix Suns just some of the options when it comes to wagering on Arizona-based sports teams.

Having just reached the NBA Finals last month, where they unfortunately lost to the Milwaukee Bucks, the Suns are heading into the new NBA season as one of the favorites to take home the championship, and rightly so given how they fared last term.

Ahead of the new basketball season getting underway later this year, you can bet on the Suns to win either the NBA Championship or the Western Conference, as well as whether you think Phoenix will reach the finals for a second year in a row.

With the new NFL season right around the corner, the Arizona Cardinals preparation for the upcoming campaign will get firmly underway this week, when they play their first pre-season game of the year.

You can currently bet on the Cardinals to win the Super Bowl as well as the NFC West division, with you also being able to wager on the amount of wins they achieve during the season, as well as whether or not you think theyll make the playoffs.

With the current MLB season slowly but surely reaching its climax, the Diamondbacks are in somewhat of a tricky situation, with it looking like theyll need a minor miracle to make the playoffs this season.

However, you can still be on them to win the World Series and the NL West, as well as whether or not you think theyll reach the World Series in the first place.

The previous NHL season only ended last month, with the Coyotes narrowly missing out on qualifying for the playoffs having finished fifth in the Central Division..

However, theyll get the chance to do what they couldnt do last season when the new NHL campaign gets underway in October, with you currently being able to wager on whether you think theyll win the Stanley Cup, the Western Conference and the Central Division, with more markets expected to be added as we approach the new NHL season.

Note to readers: we may earn a commission from the offers and links on this page.

Excerpt from:

Arizona Sports Betting: Sites to be live in time for NFL kick-off - nj.com

Posted in Online Casino | Comments Off on Arizona Sports Betting: Sites to be live in time for NFL kick-off – nj.com

ERGO Analysing Developments Impacting Business: Significant Changes to the AIF Regulations: Slow, but Steady Move towards a New Regime – Lexology

Posted: at 12:32 pm

The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) has been making consistent efforts to update and reconstruct the alternate investment space. Pursuant to the SEBIs Consultation Paper on Introduction of the Concept of Accredited Investors (February Consultation Paper) published on 24 February 2021, the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Alternative Investment Funds) Regulations, 2012 (AIF Regulations) were amended on 3 August 2021 vide the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Alternative Investment Funds) (Third Amendment) Regulations, 2021 (Third Amendment), which primarily introduced the concept of Accredited Investors and granted certain relaxations for Alternative Investment Funds (AIFs) with Accredited Investors.

Further, in line with SEBIs vision to streamline the registration process and investments by AIFs, SEBI vide the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Alternative Investment Funds) (Fourth Amendment) Regulations, 2021 (Fourth Amendment) dated 13 August 2021, further amended the AIF Regulations to give effect to the modifications approved during SEBIs Board Meeting dated 6 August 2021. The key changes across both these amendments are highlighted as follows:

1. Introduction of the concept of Accredited Investor

The Third Amendment, consistent with the recommendations under the February Consultation Paper, has introduced the concept of Accredited Investors:

(a) Who is an Accredited Investor?

The Third Amendment inserted the definition of Accredited Investors to the AIF Regulations, which means any person who is granted a certificate of accreditation by an Accreditation Agency, subject to meeting the financial parameters prescribed. In addition to the investors who are eligible for accreditation by meeting the prescribed thresholds, the Third Amendment also provides a list of persons who shall be deemed to be Accredited Investors, without requiring such investors to go through the accreditation process.

Comment: Unlike the definition of Accredited Investors under the Portfolio Managers regime, the Third Amendment lays down objective criteria to be met for an investor to qualify as an Accredited Investor and to avail the benefits / relaxations granted to such Accredited Investors. The rationale behind the introduction of the concept, as highlighted under the February Consultation Paper, is to recognise the class of investors who are well-versed with the risks of investments and have the knowledge as well as financial capacity to undertake the risk.

(b) Who will certify an Accredited Investor?

An Accreditation Agency will grant certificates of accreditation to the investors who are eligible as Accredited Investors. Accreditation Agency has been defined to mean a subsidiary of a recognized stock exchange / a subsidiary of a depository / any other entity as may be specified by SEBI from time to time.

Comment: While the framework and process for granting accreditation, including the process for applications, timelines and duration of validity of the accreditation, is yet to be put in place, the industry is hopeful that Accreditation Agencies will exercise flexibility in accrediting overseas investors and entities receiving foreign capital.

(c) What requirements must potential Accredited Investors fulfil?

As mentioned earlier, the Third Amendment categorises Accredited Investors into 2 (two) categories: (i) investors who meet the specified eligibility criteria and are granted certificates of accreditation by an Accreditation Agency; and (ii) deemed Accredited Investors.

The annual income / net worth thresholds which are to be met by entities to apply for accreditation are:

(I) Individual, Hindu Undivided Family, family trust or sole proprietorship:

(A) annual income of at least INR 2,00,00,000 (Indian Rupees Two crores); or

(B) net worth of at least INR 7,50,00,000 (Indian Rupees Seven crores and Fifty lakhs), out of which not less than half (i.e., INR 3,75,00,000 (Indian Rupees Three crores and Seventy Five lakhs)) is in the form of financial assets; or

(C) annual income of at least INR 1,00,00,000 (Indian Rupees One crore) and minimum net worth of INR 5,00,00,000 (Indian Rupees Five crores), out of which not less than half (i.e., INR 2,50,00,000 (Indian Rupees Two crores and Fifty lakhs)) is in the form of financial assets;

(ii) body corporate is a net worth of at least INR 50,00,00,000 (Indian Rupees Fifty crores);

(iii) trust (other than family trust) is a net worth of at least INR 50,00,00,000 (Indian Rupees Fifty crores); and

(IV) partnership firm (incorporated under the Indian Partnership Act, 1932, each partner must independently meet the applicable eligibility criteria (detailed above) for accreditation, depending on their form.

Deemed Accredited Investors: Further, government, developmental or fund entities of the Centre and State, qualified institutional buyers under the Securities and Exchange Board of India (Issue of Capital and Disclosure Requirements) Regulations, 2018, Category I foreign portfolio investors, sovereign wealth funds and multilateral agencies, and other entities notified by the SEBI shall be deemed to be Accredited Investors, with no requirement to obtain a certificate of accreditation.

Comment: While the February Consultation Paper referred to a distinct set of thresholds for non-resident Indians (NRIs) and foreign entities, the Third Amendment does not differentiate between the criteria for resident Indian and NRIs / foreign entities. It is to be seen how the Accreditation Agencies apply the eligibility conditions laid down to entities / persons outside India.

(d) Relaxation in minimum investment value

The AIF Regulations have been amended to grant a relaxation to Accredited Investors from investing a minimum quantum of INR 1,00,00,000 (Indian Rupees One crore), a change that shall be well-received.

Comment: In line with the idea that Accredited Investors are sophisticated investors who require lesser regulatory protection, the minimum investment threshold applicable for investing in AIFs has been done away with for such Accredited Investors, thus allowing them greater flexibility to structure their investments.

2. Large Value Fund for Accredited Investors

To identify AIFs consisting of Accredited Investors only, the Third Amendment has also introduced the concept of Large Value Fund for Accredited Investors, which is an AIF / scheme of an AIF in which each investor (other than service providers / employees of the AIF and investment manager) is an Accredited Investor and invests not less than INR 70,00,00,000 (Indian Rupees Seventy crores).

The following relaxations in respect of Large Value Fund for Accredited Investors, have been granted:

(a) The AIF Regulations relating to filing of placement memorandum with SEBI at least 30 (thirty) days prior to launch of a scheme, and incorporation of SEBIs comments in placement memorandum prior to launch of scheme, will not apply to Large Value Fund for Accredited Investors.

Comment: This indicates that while the SEBI may continue to undertake the review and diligence of an AIF being set-up, in the event the first scheme of an AIF is a Large Value Fund for Accredited Investors, it may not examine the private placement memorandum (PPMs) of such Large Value Fund for Accredited Investors.

(b) Large Value Funds for Accredited Investors are permitted to extend their tenure beyond 2 (two) years, subject to terms of the contribution agreement, other fund documents and such conditions as may be specified by SEBI from time to time.

Comment: The relaxation is basis the assumption that the Accredited Investors have the required knowledge, advice and bargaining power to negotiate the terms of investment and accordingly, need not be bound by pre-decided tenure.

(c) Large Value Funds for Accredited Investors of Category I and II AIFs are permitted to invest up to 50% (fifty per cent) of the investable funds (as opposed to 25% (twenty five per cent)) in an investee company directly or through investment in the units of other Alternative Investment Funds. Similarly, Large Value Funds for Accredited Investors of Category III AIFs are permitted to invest up to 25% (twenty five per cent) of the investable funds (as opposed to 10% (ten per cent)) in an investee company directly or through investment in units of other AIFs.

Comment: The diversification requirement restricts the flexibility of AIFs formed for specific investment opportunities and platforms funds wherein the big-cheque investors come together with the Manager group to invest in pre-identifies assets. Relaxation to the diversification requirement should go a long way in allowing investors as well as the Managers the required room to structure larger, specific investments.

Comment: The concept of Accredited Investors has been prevalent in various other developing and developed jurisdictions, and introduction of the same in India is a step forward in the right direction. Pertinently, the idea of Accredited Investors was floated when the AIF Regulations were formulated. The rationale behind such accredited / qualified / professional investors (as variably described across jurisdictions) is that these investors have the required market knowledge / advice and a high-risk bearing capacity to take informed decisions. Therefore, entities providing financial products and services to this class of investors would be eligible to a regulation-light space, i.e., a lower standard of regulatory prescription from the regulators in terms of funds raising capital from such investors.

The changes prescribed by the Third Amendment, particularly for Large Value Fund for Accredited Investors, has immense potential to afford flexibility to platform structures and funds which are raising capital from Ultra High-Net-Worth Individuals (UHNI) / large ticket investors. Considering that many of these investors may be funds themselves, it will be interesting to see how these thresholds are applied and calculated for funds, and whether the commitment from investors can be taken into consideration for determining their accreditation status, or the asset base.

3. Merchant bankers role

The PPMs that accompany the application for the launch of a scheme of AIF shall now have to be filed with SEBI through a merchant banker. Further, the AIF Regulations now provide that SEBI shall communicate the required changes/ comments to the PPMs to such merchant banker, and it will be the merchant bankers responsibility to ensure that these changes are made before the launch of the Scheme.

This modification would come into effect from the 91st day from the date of publication of the Fourth Amendment, i.e., from 14 November 2021.

Comment: The recommendation to route PPMs for applications to launch a scheme of an AIF through merchant bankers may seem counterintuitive at first since it may potentially increase the cost and time taken to set up a new fund, among other considerations. The recommendations seem to equate products meant for High Net-worth Individuals (HNIs) (with a minimum investment bracket) to a general listing of a company. Further, there could be learning curve for the players of the merchant banking industry as well, who are not typically exposed to or acquainted with such fund structures but may pump synergy into the AIF industry.

4. Revision to definitions

(a) The Fourth Amendment has revised the definition of debt funds to include securitized debt instruments.

Comment: The expansion in the definition of debt funds to include securitised debt instruments, has provided the required clarity by the industry for investment by AIFs in instruments such as asset backed / mortgage-backed securities.

(b) The definition of investable funds has been revised to clarify that net of expenditure for administration and management of the fund is to be estimated for the entire tenure of the fund. Further, the Fourth Amendment has also clarified that tenure refers to the duration of scheme from the day of its launch till last day of the term as specified in the fund documents.

Comment: This clarification may materially impact the deployable corpus available to an AIF. Prior to this clarification, Managers would typically consider only the expenditures which would be borne from capital contributions while calculating investable funds of an AIF, and exclude the expenditures borne out of the income of the fund. This is especially important for credit funds, infrastructure funds and other funds which usually start earning income (in the form of interests or otherwise) from an early stage during the life cycle of the fund, and typically do not account for the expenditures which are taken care of from the income for the calculation of investible funds.

(c) The definition of units now includes fully or partly paid up units, wherein partly paid-up units means the portion of committed capital invested by the investor in Alternative Investment Fund or scheme of the Alternative Investment Fund.

Comment: While several AIFs have been issuing partly paid-up units, the clarity and codification of the same is a welcome change to clarify the same and settle the dust around issuance of partly paid-up units.

5. Minimum amount of grants by Accredited Investors to Social Venture Funds

Grants by Accredited Investors to social venture funds has been exempted from meeting the requirement of making a minimum grant of INR 25,00,000 (Rupees Twenty Five lakhs).

6. Investment conditions for Category I AIFs

(a) Prior to the Fourth Amendment, Category I fund of fund AIFs were permitted to invest in the units of other Category I AIFs of the same sub-category. The Fourth Amendment has expanded the range of investments by such Category I fund of fund AIFs to include Category II AIFs.

(b) Category I Venture Capital Funds must now invest 75% (seventy five percent) of its investable funds (as opposed to the earlier requirement of two-thirds of its investable funds) in unlisted equity shares or equity linked instruments of a venture capital undertaking, or companies listed or proposed to be listed on a SME Exchange or SME segment of an exchange. This threshold of 75% investment is to be met by the end of the life cycle of the Fund.

(c) The remaining conditions that not more than one-third of the investible funds of a Category I Venture Capital Fund should be invested in initial public offerings of unlisted entities, debt instruments of venture capital undertakings, preferential allotment of shares of a listed entity and equity shares of a financially weak company or sick company whose shares are listed, has been done away with.

7. Temporary Investments

Prior to the Fourth Amendment, the AIF Regulations stated that an AIF could make temporary investments out of the un-invested portions of the investible funds. In line with the market practice, the Fourth Amendment has codified that temporary investment can be made from the divestment proceeds pending distribution to the investors as well. Further, from the list of instruments for temporary investments, Collateralized Borrowing and Lending Obligation (CBLOs) has been substituted by Triparty Repo Dealing and Settlement (TREPS), considering that CBLOs have been discontinued from November 2018 and all CBLOs have TREPS.

The content of this document do not necessarily reflect the views / position of Khaitan & Co but remain solely those of the author(s). For any further queries or follow up please contact Khaitan & Co at [emailprotected]

Read more from the original source:
ERGO Analysing Developments Impacting Business: Significant Changes to the AIF Regulations: Slow, but Steady Move towards a New Regime - Lexology

Posted in Fourth Amendment | Comments Off on ERGO Analysing Developments Impacting Business: Significant Changes to the AIF Regulations: Slow, but Steady Move towards a New Regime – Lexology

An Explosion in Geofence Warrants Threatens Privacy Across the US – WIRED

Posted: at 12:32 pm

Police around the country have drastically increased their use of geofence warrants, a widely criticized investigative technique that collects data from any user's device that was in a specified area within a certain time range, according to new figures shared by Google. Law enforcement has served geofence warrants to Google since 2016, but the company has detailed for the first time exactly how many it receives.

The report shows that requests have spiked dramatically in the past three years, rising as much as tenfold in some states. In California, law enforcement made 1,909 requests in 2020, compared to 209 in 2018. Similarly, geofence warrants in Florida leaped from 81 requests in 2018 to more than 800 last year. In Ohio, requests rose from seven to 400 in that same time.

Across all 50 states, geofence requests to Google increased from 941 in 2018 to 11,033 in 2020 and now make up more than 25 percent of all data requests the company receives from law enforcement.

It should be a last resort, because its so invasive.

Jake Laperruque, Project on Government Oversight

A single geofence request could include data from hundreds of bystanders. In 2019, a single warrant in connection with an arson resulted in nearly 1,500 device identifiers being sent to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives. Dozens of civil liberties groups and privacy advocates have called for banning the technique, arguing it violates Fourth Amendment protections against unreasonable searches, particularly for protesters. Now, Googles transparency report has revealed the scale at which people nationwide may have faced the same violation.

Theres always collateral damage, says Jake Laperruque, senior policy counsel for the Constitution Project at the nonprofit Project on Government Oversight. Because of their inherently wide scope, geofence warrants can give police access to location data from people who have no connection to criminal activities.

"We vigorously protect the privacy of our users while supporting the important work of law enforcement, Google said in a statement to WIRED. We developed a process specifically for these requests that is designed to honor our legal obligations while narrowing the scope of data disclosed."

Just this week, Forbes revealed that Google granted police in Kenosha, Wisconsin, access to user data from bystanders who were near a library and a museum that was set on fire last August, during the protests that followed the murder of George Floyd. Google handed over the GPS coordinates and data, device data, device IDs, and time stamps for anyone at the library for a period of two hours; at the museum, for 25 minutes. Similarly, Minneapolis police requested Google user data from anyone within the geographical region of a suspected burglary at an AutoZone store last year, two days after protests began.

Laperruque argues that geofence warrants could have a chilling effect, as people forgo their right to protest because they fear being targeted by surveillance. Just this week, Kenosha lawmakers debated a bill that would make attending a riot a felony. Critics noted that such a bill could penalize anyone attending peaceful demonstrations that, because of someone elses actions, become violent. Similarly, geofence data could be used as evidence of guilt not just by being loosely associated with someone else in a crowd but by simply being there in the first place.

Geofence warrants work differently from typical search warrants. Usually, officers identify a suspect or person of interest, then obtain a warrant from a judge to search the persons home or belongings.

With geofence warrants, police start with the time and location that a suspected crime took place, then request data from Google for the devices surrounding that location at that time, usually within a one- to two-hour window. If Google complies, it will supply a list of anonymized data about the devices in the area: GPS coordinates, the time stamps of when they were in the area, and an anonymized identifier, known as a reverse location obfuscation identifier, or RLOI.

Read the original here:
An Explosion in Geofence Warrants Threatens Privacy Across the US - WIRED

Posted in Fourth Amendment | Comments Off on An Explosion in Geofence Warrants Threatens Privacy Across the US – WIRED

FBI Screwup Let Agents Access Information They Weren’t Supposed to See – The Daily Beast

Posted: at 12:32 pm

Department of Justice lawyers revealed Wednesday that the FBI improperly gave agents access to a suspects private online communications that only a few agents were authorized to see, sparking privacy concerns that investigators could be sharing too much information without permission.

Virgil Griffith, a young technologist who gave a public talk about cryptocurrencies at a conference in North Korea, was the subject of an FBI search warrant to obtain information from his Facebook and Twitter accounts in March 2020.

The data was uploaded to the FBIs internal data analysis program created by Palantir, a CIA-funded company that specializes in sorting through huge amounts of information and connecting the dots. And, according to a three-page DOJ letter, an FBI special agent who was not part of the investigation into Griffith but was working on a separate investigation into someone who had spoken to Griffith online accessed that data without permission from the FBI. A year later, three more FBI analysts started poking around the same evidence without approval.

When you have a system of this magnitude, there have to be safeguards in place to know whos accessing it and when.

Saira Hussain, an attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation

All that file sharing flies in the face of a general rule: law enforcement agents receive narrow search warrants to access specific private information. Judges try to limit unjustified government intrusions into personal lives, so typically, a separate investigation requires a separate search warrant, according to constitutional scholars.

When you have a system of this magnitude, there have to be safeguards in place to know whos accessing it and when, said Saira Hussain, an attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a group that advocates privacy.

According to the DOJ, the cause of the mistake was simple: someone forgot to flip a switch.

When data is loaded onto the platform, the default setting is to permit access to the data to other FBI personnel, the DOJ explained, adding that those default settings were not changed to restrict access to solely the agents working on the case.

The DOJ and FBI are now assessing the damage. The court letter to U.S. District Judge P. Kevin Castel said they are now exploring to what extent this issuei.e., the loading of restricted data onto the platform without restrictionmight have impacted other cases.

Palantir issued a statement asserting that what happened was not a glitch, as The New York Post described when it broke the news on Wednesday.

There was no glitch in the software. Our platform has robust access and security controls. The customer also has rigorous protocols established to protect search warrant returns, which, in this case, the end user did not follow, the statement read.

But the company would not identify the software it provided to the FBI, describe its purpose, or say whether it is helping the government conduct its review.

The FBI has at least one publicly visible contract worth $19 million to Palantir for services that started in September 2017. Documents unearthed by the Electronic Privacy Information Center, an advocacy group, show that both the FBI and ICE have used FALCON, a customized version of a Palantir program called Gotham that quickly sorts incoming data and helps military and police.

Unless the FBI happens to catch, correct, and disclose that initial permissions error, Bureau personnel can make unrestricted use of the data.

John Davisson, attorney at Electronic Privacy Information Center

John Davisson, an attorney at EPIC, said the software disclosed by the DOJ appears to be something novel and different, and the FBI needs to disclose more about what it is and how its used.

Unless the FBI happens to catch, correct, and disclose that initial permissions error, Bureau personnel can make unrestricted use of the data, he told The Daily Beast. Thats a massive problem, and this case illustrates why.

The FBI did not respond to questions, leaving unclear whether the agency has reconfigured the programs default settings or determined how many times this has happened with other investigations.

The FBI is not known for upholding rigorous guardrails around sensitive information. It has frequently flouted rules meant to protect Americans privacy and searched through National Security Agency datasets on Americans without court orders, as the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court revealed in an unsealed finding earlier this year.

Law enforcement agents were sifting through data obtained through warrantless surveillance under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) for other cases on organized crime and health-care fraud, the court said. And the FBI was warned against this kind of behavior and told how it could jeopardize Americans protections against unreasonable searches and seizures back in 2018.

A 2013 report from the American Civil Liberties Union noted how the FBIs massive, digital Investigative Data Warehousewhich became supercharged by the Patriot Act after the Sept. 11 attackseventually came under fire from Congress when it demanded an audit. When the FBI refused to give auditors access, Congress paused funding temporarily but eventually the matter became largely forgotten.

Most privacy experts who spoke to The Daily Beast on Thursday commended the FBI for addressing the problem, but warned that this episode foreshadows more serious privacy debacles down the line.

Our privacy should not be dependent on the actions of individual prosecutors and FBI agents. While its good that the defendant in this case was notified and the government is taking steps to delete the data, the government is still ingesting huge amounts of data and Palantir makes this data widely accessible by default, said ngel Daz, a privacy expert who teaches at the University of California Los Angeles law school. There may be other cases where this same kind of wide data sharing goes on undetected.

We are deeply concerned about what happened here. We are investigating the situation and Mr. Griffiths potential legal remedies.

Brian E. Klein, defense attorney for Virgil Griffith

Aside from the potential privacy concerns for the American public in general, this slip-up could complicate the case that federal prosecutors have against Griffith if his defense team claims it somehow tainted the investigation.

We are deeply concerned about what happened here. We are investigating the situation and Mr. Griffiths potential legal remedies, said Brian E. Klein, his defense attorney in Los Angeles.

This is not the first time weve seen the FBI wrongly searching through peoples sensitive emails and data in ways that the Fourth Amendment prohibits, said Patrick Toomey, an attorney who specializes in national security matters at the ACLU.

A similar miscalculation by the FBI in New York ruined its 2018 case against Ali Sadr Hashemi Nejad, a banker accused of dodging U.S. sanctions by hiding how Iranian money paid for a $500 million housing project in Venezuela.

In that case, the Manhattan district attorney obtained a ton of information with a search warrant and handed it off to the FBI. Instead of identifying the relevant stuff and ditching the rest, federal agents vigorously sorted through it allwithout getting their own search warrant.

U.S. District Judge Alison J. Nathan dismissed the case this past February. In her order, she ripped into FBI agents who uploaded raw email search-warrant returns into its BIDMAS database and searched this database hundreds of times, contrary to the Governments representations and almost certainly in violation of the Constitution. And she excoriated prosecutors who tried to bury the evidence.

This kind of unauthorized access poses a greater danger to the publics liberty now because law enforcement relies on such powerful surveillance tools and analytical software that can piece it all together, said Michael German, a former FBI special agent who is now scholar at the Brennan Center for Justice. And repeat mistakes could hurt future investigations, he warned.

If the judge doesnt feel confident the FBI will honor the limits they impose, theyll be less likely to grant them permission in the future, German said. The FBI has shown that it is ineffective in enforcing limits.

Link:
FBI Screwup Let Agents Access Information They Weren't Supposed to See - The Daily Beast

Posted in Fourth Amendment | Comments Off on FBI Screwup Let Agents Access Information They Weren’t Supposed to See – The Daily Beast

‘Those Arrests Were Improper’: Pro-Life Activist David Benham Moves Forward with Lawsuit Against NC Officials – CBN News

Posted: at 12:32 pm

Pro-life activist David Benham, along with four other anti-abortion advocates, filed an amended complaint Monday against North Carolina officials after they were arrested last year for offering prayer to women while standing outside an abortion clinic.

Benham is president of Cities4Life, an organization that provides counseling to women on their way to abortion clinics by supporting them with prayer and guidance.

In April 2020, Benham and other representatives of pro-life groups were across the street from an abortion clinic in Charlotte, North Carolina to offer counseling and prayer to expectant mothers considering abortion.

As CBN News reported, police arrested the activists and cited them for violating COVID-19 restrictions and guidelines, even though they were following all the health and safety requirements including social distancing.

***Please sign up forCBN Newslettersand download theCBN News appto ensure you keep receiving the latest news from a distinctly Christian perspective.***

The plaintiffs are being represented by the conservative law firm, Alliance Defending Freedom (ADF).

Denise Harle, senior counsel with ADF, told The Christian Post (CP) that the activists chose to amend their complaint (link) because the charges against them were later dropped - showing that their arrests were "improper."

"The dropping of the charges actually underscores why this amended complaint should prevail," Harle said. "What we've added in this amended complaint is Fourth Amendment claims, based on the unlawful stop, unlawful detention, and unlawful arrests, the fact that the city and the county dropped the charges against David Benham shows that those arrests were improper."

She added, "The fact that they're not even pursuing the charges is a pretty clear admission that there's no there, there. And that's exactly what we're bringing to the federal court in this amended complaint is that those arrests themselves were a violation of the Fourth Amendment."

Harle believes the arresting officers violated the First Amendment, which was "motivated by a targeting of free speech and animosity toward certain religious views."

"The government certainly is welcomed to protect public health, but if it is going to do that, it needs to do so in an evenhanded way that has a rational basis," she explained to the CP. "What it can't do is enact a law and then apply it unfairly only to select groups of people whose viewpoint the government disagrees with."

During a previous interview with CBN News, Benham said we need to love our neighbors and not let our pro-life views be silenced because of COVID.

"It's viewpoint discrimination. They're using this COVID emergency as an opportunity to grasp and silence our voices so we have a constitutional issue on our hands and we really have to stand against it," Benham said.

Watch Charlotte police arrest Benham below:

See original here:
'Those Arrests Were Improper': Pro-Life Activist David Benham Moves Forward with Lawsuit Against NC Officials - CBN News

Posted in Fourth Amendment | Comments Off on ‘Those Arrests Were Improper’: Pro-Life Activist David Benham Moves Forward with Lawsuit Against NC Officials – CBN News

Budget, ARPA funding to be considered Thursday by UG Commission Welcome to Wyandotte Daily! – Wyandotte Daily

Posted: at 12:32 pm

The Unified Government Commission will hold a budget workshop and set the maximum mill levy at 5 p.m. Thursday, Aug. 25.

On the 7 p.m. Aug. 25 UG Commission agenda, the commission is scheduled to vote on an ordinance and resolution to accept $55,383,872 in federal American Rescue Plan funds to the city of Kansas City, Kansas, and $32,132,644 to Wyandotte County from ARPA funds. Much of the funding, $31 million for the city and $11 million for the county, will go toward replacement of local government losses due to COVID-19, according to the proposal.

About $11.74 million is proposed to be spent on immediate needs. Those immediate needs include $5.9 million for public health; $2.37 million for negative economic impacts; $1.6 million for disproportionately impacted communities; and $1.92 million for online processes and technology investment.

The UG has a few years to make decisions on how to spend the remainder of the ARPA funding.

Also on the 7 p.m. agenda is a resolution to allocate $1.85 million in local fiscal recovery funds received by Wyandotte County to be used to address and prevent housing insecurity and other negative economic impact from COVID-19 as part of the ARPA.

Several planning and zoning items also are on the 7 p.m. UG meeting agenda Aug. 25, including:

1201 N. 98th, change of zone from agriculture to planned commercial district for construction of Camping World. 8919 Leavenworth Road, change of zone from single-family and limited business district to planned general business district for a proposed gas station and convenience store, recommended for denial. 609 and 611 S. 75th St., change of zone from single family to twofamily district for an existing duplex. 617 and 619 S. 75th St., change of zone from single-family district to two-family district for an existing duplex. 7852 Leavenworth Road, special use permit for temporary use of land to park salt plow trucks, Loyd A. Clay. 2003 to 2005 N. 5th St., renewal of special use permit for live entertainment, Jeffrey E. Hollinshed. 5917 N. 123rd St., vacation of electrical utility easement. 4501 Douglas Ave., preliminary and final plan review for office warehouse with initial use a laydown area, Mike Sanders with Nampara Properties. 4605 Shearer Road, preliminary and final plan review for an office warehouse with the initial use a laydown area, Mike Sanders with Nampara Properties. 88 S. 7th St. Trafficway, ordinance rezoning property from single-family district to two-family district. 2716 and 2718 S. 53rd St., ordinance rezoning property from single-family district to two-family district. 3860 Bell Crossing Drive, ordinance rezoning property from single-family district to agriculture district. 5837 Leavenworth Road, ordinance vacating right-of-way. 415 and 417 Stine Ave., ordinance vacating an alley. 1110 Merriam Lane, ordinance authorizing aspecial use permit for continuation of a performance auto service shop. 3847 and 3848 N. 123rd St., ordinance authorizing special use permit for continuation of a short-term rental air BNB. 4449 Rainbow Blvd., ordinance authorizing a special use permit for a short-term rental air BNB. 734 S. 76th St., ordinance authorizing a special use permit to keep two cows on the property. 11827 Marxen Road, special use permit for a home occupation short-term rental air BNB. 3800 Weaver Court, ordinance authorizing a special use permit for continuation of a Homestead Montessori Farm school within a residence. Resolution designating UG depositories and eligible institutions for purposes of receiving UG funds for investment and receiving requests for bids for investment of its idle funds. A resolution adopting the fourth amendment to the downtown campus development agreement in the 5th and Minnesota area. The amendment reduces the square footage of the Reardon Center, prioritizes the distribution of CID proceeds and extends the deadline. A resolution approving the fourth amendment to the KC Foodie Park development agreement, extending planning and construction deadlines. This project is at the former Indian Springs property near 47th and State. A resolution approving two agreements on the Historic Preservation Fund Grants. The agreements are with the Kansas Historical Society and State Preservation Office. One grant to the Downtown KCK Historic Commercial District of $21,000, will include $12,500 from the state with federal grant funds, and a local match will come from the UG planning departments long-range planning budget, including in-kind contributions. Another agreement is for $30,000 for a Downtown KCK Historic Churches Multiple Listings Designation. Of that amount, $18,000 will be from the state with federal grant funds, and a local match will be from the UG planning departments long-range planning budget, including in-kind contributions. The Land Bank includes many properties to be considered at this meeting. The properties are on Hallock, Valley, Lafayette, Stewart, Lathrop, 75th, Freeman, 7th, Troup, Quindaro, Cleveland, Minnie, and 6th. To see a complete list of the properties, see the agenda at https://civicclerk.blob.core.windows.net/stream/WYCOKCK/aa6f9c8fe9.pdf?sv=2015-12-11&sr=b&sig=g2zYjO14v5kk5LaWoqCisHRIKpPNA0K8pOy%2FqCuaYGo%3D&st=2021-08-25T16%3A24%3A12Z&se=2022-08-25T16%3A29%3A12Z&sp=r&rscc=no-cache&rsct=application%2Fpdf.

The 5 p.m. special session and the 7 p.m. meeting will be conducted through a Zoom internet meeting, wit public access available through Zoom, telephone, and from the lobby of City Hall, 701 N. 7th St. The meeting will be shown on UGTV cable television and on YouTube.

The 5 p.m. session is on Zoom at https://us02web.zoom.us/j/82359399700?pwd=aVNDNTZSdFQ5WmxMcXVXbGdHdzB4UT09.The passcode is 113265.The Webinar ID is 823 5939 9700.To connect by telephone, call 877-853-5257 or 888-475-4499.

The 7 p.m. Zoom meeting is at https://us02web.zoom.us/j/85117594728?pwd=QnN3eXl0cGYwM2dHRjFMZ0l2SHl0UT09.The passcode is 702899.The Webinar ID is 851 1759 4728.To connect by telephone, call toll-free 877-853-5257 or 888-475-4499.

The UG 7 p.m. agenda is online at https://civicclerk.blob.core.windows.net/stream/WYCOKCK/aa6f9c8fe9.pdf?sv=2015-12-11&sr=b&sig=g2zYjO14v5kk5LaWoqCisHRIKpPNA0K8pOy%2FqCuaYGo%3D&st=2021-08-25T16%3A24%3A12Z&se=2022-08-25T16%3A29%3A12Z&sp=r&rscc=no-cache&rsct=application%2Fpdf.

See the original post:
Budget, ARPA funding to be considered Thursday by UG Commission Welcome to Wyandotte Daily! - Wyandotte Daily

Posted in Fourth Amendment | Comments Off on Budget, ARPA funding to be considered Thursday by UG Commission Welcome to Wyandotte Daily! – Wyandotte Daily

CompactFlash – Wikipedia

Posted: at 12:31 pm

The CompactFlash interface is a 50-pin subset of the 68-pin PCMCIA[13] connector. "It can be easily slipped into a passive 68-pin PCMCIA Type II to CF Type I adapter that fully meets PCMCIA electrical and mechanical interface specifications", according to compactflash.org.[14] The interface operates, depending on the state of a mode pin on power-up, as either a 16-bit PC Card (0x7FF address limit) or as an IDE (PATA) interface.[15]

Unlike the PC Card interface, no dedicated programming voltages (Vpp1 and Vpp2) are provided on the CompactFlash interface.[16]

CompactFlash IDE mode defines an interface that is smaller than, but electrically identical to, the ATA interface. The CF device contains an ATA controller and appears to the host device as if it were a hard disk. CF devices operate at 3.3 volts or 5 volts, and can be swapped from system to system. CompactFlash supports C-H-S and 28-bit logical block addressing (CF 5.0 introduced support for LBA-48). CF cards with flash memory are able to cope with extremely rapid changes in temperature. Industrial versions of flash memory cards can operate at a range of 45C to +85C.

NOR-based flash has lower density than newer NAND-based systems, and CompactFlash is therefore the physically largest of the three memory card formats introduced in the early 1990s, being derived from the JEIDA/PCMCIA Memory Card formats. The other two are Miniature Card (MiniCard) and SmartMedia (SSFDC). However, CF did switch to NAND type memory later. The IBM Microdrive format, later made by Hitachi, implements the CF Type II interface, but is a hard disk drive (HDD) as opposed to solid-state memory. Seagate also made CF HDDs.

CompactFlash IDE (ATA) emulation speed is usually specified in "x" ratings, e.g. 8x, 20x, 133x. This is the same system used for CD-ROMs and indicates the maximum transfer rate in the form of a multiplier based on the original audio CD data transfer rate, which is 150 kB/s.

where R = transfer rate, K = speed rating. For example, 133x rating means transfer speed of: 133150kB/s = 19,950kB/s 20MB/s.

These are manufacturer speed ratings. Actual transfer speed may be higher, or lower, than shown on the card[17] depending on several factors. The speed rating quoted is almost always the read speed, while write speed is often slower.

For reads, the onboard controller first powers up the memory chips from standby. Reads are usually in parallel, error correction is done on the data, then transferred through the interface 16 bits at a time. Error checking is required due to soft read errors. Writes require powerup from standby, wear leveling calculation, a block erase of the area to be written to, ECC calculation, write itself (an individual memory cell read takes around 100 ns, a write to the chip takes 1ms+ or 10,000 times longer).

Because the USB 2.0 interface is limited to 35 MB/s and lacks bus mastering hardware, USB 2.0 implementation results in slower access.

Modern UDMA-7 CompactFlash Cards provide data rates up to 145 MB/s[18] and require USB 3.0 data transfer rates.[19]

A direct motherboard connection is often limited to 33 MB/s because IDE to CF adapters lack high speed ATA (66 MB/s plus) cable support. Power on from sleep/off takes longer than power up from standby.

Many 1-inch (25mm) hard drives (often referred to by the trademarked name "Microdrive") typically spin at 3600 RPM, so rotational latency is a consideration, as is spin-up from standby or idle. Seagate's 8 GB ST68022CF drive[20] spins up fully within a few revolutions but current drawn can reach up to 350 milliamps and runs at 40-50 mA mean current. Its average seek time is 8 ms and can sustain 9 MB/s read and write, and has an interface speed of 33 MB/s. Hitachi's 4 GB Microdrive is 12 ms seek, sustained 6 MB/s.

The CF 5.0 Specification supports capacities up to 128 PiB using 48-bit logical block addressing (LBA).[21] Prior to 2006, CF drives using magnetic media offered the highest capacities (up to 8 GiB). Now there are solid-state cards with higher capacities (up to 512 GB).[22]

As of 2011, solid-state drives (SSDs) have supplanted both kinds of CF drive for large capacity requirements.

SanDisk announced its 16 GB Extreme III card at the photokina trade fair, in September, 2006.[23] That same month, Samsung announced 16, 32 and 64 GB CF cards.[24] Two years later, in September, 2008, PRETEC announced 100 GB cards.[25]

Seagate announced a 5 GB "1-inch hard drive" in June, 2004,[26] and an 8 GB version in June, 2005.[27]

In early 2008, the CFA demonstrated CompactFlash cards with a built in SATA interface.[28] Several companies make adapters that allow CF cards to be connected to PCI, PCMCIA, IDE and SATA connections,[29] allowing a CF card to act as a solid-state drive with virtually any operating system or BIOS, and even in a RAID configuration.

CF cards may perform the function of the master or slave drive on the IDE bus, but have issues sharing the bus. Moreover, late-model cards that provide DMA (using UDMA or MWDMA) may present problems when used through a passive adapter that does not support DMA.[30]

Original PC Card memory cards used an internal battery to maintain data when power was removed. The rated life of the battery was the only reliability issue. CompactFlash cards that use flash memory, like other flash-memory devices, are rated for a limited number of erase/write cycles for any "block." While NOR flash has higher endurance, ranging from 10,000 to 1,000,000, they haven't been adapted for memory card usage. Most mass storage usage flash are NAND based. As of 2015[update] NAND flash were being scaled down to 16nm. They are usually rated for 500 to 3,000 write/erase cycles per block before hard failure.[31] This is less reliable than magnetic media.[32] Car PC Hacks[33] suggests disabling the Windows swap file and using its Enhanced Write Filter (EWF) to eliminate unnecessary writes to flash memory.[34] Additionally, when formatting a flash-memory drive, the Quick Format method should be used, to write as little as possible to the device.

Most CompactFlash flash-memory devices limit wear on blocks by varying the physical location to which a block is written. This process is called wear leveling. When using CompactFlash in ATA mode to take the place of the hard disk drive, wear leveling becomes critical because low-numbered blocks contain tables whose contents change frequently. Current CompactFlash cards spread the wear-leveling across the entire drive. The more advanced CompactFlash cards will move data that rarely changes to ensure all blocks wear evenly.

NAND flash memory is prone to frequent soft read errors.[33] The CompactFlash card includes error checking and correcting (ECC) that detects the error and re-reads the block. The process is transparent to the user, although it may slow data access.

As a flash memory device is solid-state, it is less affected by shock than a spinning disk.

The possibility for electrical damage from upside-down insertion is prevented by asymmetrical side slots, assuming that the host device uses a suitable connector.

Small cards consume around 5% of the power required by small disk drives and still have reasonable transfer rates of over 45MB/s for the more expensive 'high-speed' cards.[35] However, the manufacturer's warning on the flash memory used for ReadyBoost indicates a current draw in excess of 500 mA.

CompactFlash cards for use in consumer devices are typically formatted as FAT12 (for media up to 16 MB), FAT16 (for media up to 2 GB, sometimes up to 4 GB) and FAT32 (for media larger than 2 GB). This lets the devices be read by personal computers but also suits the limited processing ability of some consumer devices such as cameras.

There are varying levels of compatibility among FAT32-compatible cameras, MP3 players, PDAs, and other devices. While any device that claims FAT32-capability should read and write to a FAT32-formatted card without problems, some devices are tripped up by cards larger than 2 GB that are completely unformatted, while others may take longer to apply a FAT32 format.

The way many digital cameras update the file system as they write to the card creates a FAT32 bottleneck. Writing to a FAT32-formatted card generally takes a little longer than writing to a FAT16-formatted card with similar performance capabilities. For instance, the Canon EOS 10D writes the same photo to a FAT16-formatted 2 GB CompactFlash card somewhat faster than to a same speed 4 GB FAT32-formatted CompactFlash card, although the memory chips in both cards have the same write speed specification.[36] Although FAT16 is more wasteful of disk space with its larger clusters, it works better with the write strategy that flash memory chips require.

The cards themselves can be formatted with any type of file system such as Ext, JFS, NTFS, or by one of the dedicated flash file systems. It can be divided into partitions as long as the host device can read them. CompactFlash cards are often used instead of hard drives in embedded systems, dumb terminals and various small form-factor PCs that are built for low noise output or power consumption. CompactFlash cards are often more readily available and smaller than purpose-built solid-state drives and often have faster seek times than hard drives.

When CompactFlash was first being standardized, even full-sized hard disks were rarely larger than 4 GB in size, and so the limitations of the ATA standard were considered acceptable. However, CF cards manufactured after the original Revision 1.0 specification are available in capacities up to 512 GB. While the current revision 6.0 works in [P]ATA mode, future revisions are expected to implement SATA mode.

CE-ATA is a serial MMC-compatible interface based on the MultiMediaCard standard.[39][40]

A variant of CompactFlash known as CFast is based on the Serial ATA (SATA) interface, rather than the Parallel ATA/IDE (PATA) bus for which all previous versions of CompactFlash are designed. CFast is also known as CompactFast.

CFast 1.0/1.1 supports a higher maximum transfer rate than current CompactFlash cards, using SATA 2.0 (300MB/s) interface, while PATA is limited to 167MB/s using UDMA 7.

CFast cards are not physically or electrically compatible with CompactFlash cards. However, since SATA can emulate the PATA command protocol, existing CompactFlash software drivers can be used, although writing new drivers to use AHCI instead of PATA emulation will almost always result in significant performance gains. CFast cards use a female 7-pin SATA data connector, and a female 17-pin power connector,[41] so an adaptor is required to connect CFast cards in place of standard SATA hard drives which use male connectors.

The first CFast cards reached the market in late 2009.[42] At CES 2009, Pretec showed a 32GB CFast card and announced that they should reach the market within a few months.[43] Delock began distributing CFast cards in 2010, offering several card readers with USB 3.0 and eSATAp (power over eSATA) ports to support CFast cards.

Seeking higher performance and still keeping a compact storage format, some of the earliest adoptors of CFast cards were in the gaming industry (used in slot machines), as a natural evolution from the by then well-established CF cards. Current gaming industry supporters of the format include both specialist gaming companies (e.g. Aristocrat Leisure) and OEMs such as Innocore (now part of Advantech Co., Ltd.).

The CFast 2.0 specification was released in the second quarter of 2012, updating the electrical interface to SATA 3.0 (600MB/s). As of 2014, the only product employing CFast 2.0 cards was the Arri Amira digital production camera,[44] allowing frame rates of up to 200 fps; a CFast 2.0 adapter for the Arri Alexa/XT camera was also released.[45]

On 7 April 2014, Blackmagic Design announced the URSA cinema camera, which records to CFast media.[46]

On 8 April 2015, Canon Inc. announced the XC10 video camera, which also makes use of CFast cards.[47] Blackmagic Design also announced that its URSA Mini will use CFast 2.0.[citation needed]

As of October 2016, there are a growing number of cameras, video recorders, and audio recorders that use the faster data rates offered by CFast media.

As of 2017, in the wider embedded electronics industry, transition from CF to CFast is still relatively slow, probably due to hardware cost considerations and some inertia (familiarity with CF) and because a significant part of the industry is satisfied with the lower performance provided by CF cards, thus having no reason to change. A strong incentive to change to CFast for embedded electronics companies using designs based on Intel PC architecture is the fact that Intel has removed native support for the (P)ATA interface a few design platforms ago and the older CPU/PCH generations now have end-of-life status.

In September 2016, the CompactFlash Association announced a new standard based on PCIe 3.0 and NVMe, CFexpress.[48] In April 2017, the version 1.0 of the CFexpress specification was published, with support for two PCIe 3.0 lanes in an XQD form-factor for up to 2 GB/s.[49]

The only physical difference between the two types is that Type I devices are 3.3mm thick while Type II devices are 5mm thick.[50] Electrically, the two interfaces are the same except that Type I devices are permitted to draw up to 70 mA supply current from the interface, while type II devices may draw up to 500 mA.

Most Type II devices are Microdrive devices (see below), other miniature hard drives, and adapters, such as a popular adapter that takes Secure Digital cards.[51][52] A few flash-based Type II devices were manufactured, but Type I cards are now available in capacities that exceed CF HDDs. Manufacturers of CompactFlash cards such as Sandisk, Toshiba, Alcotek and Hynix offer devices with Type I slots only. Some of the latest DSLR cameras, like the Nikon D800, have also dropped Type II support.[53]

Microdrive was a brand of tiny hard disksabout 25mm (1inch) widein a CompactFlash Type II package. The first was developed and released in 1999 by IBM, with a capacity of 170 MB. IBM sold its disk drive division, including the Microdrive trademark, to Hitachi in 2002. Comparable hard disks were also made by other vendors, such as Seagate and Sony. They were available in capacities of up to 8 GB but have been superseded by flash memory in cost, capacity, and reliability, and are no longer manufactured.[54]

As mechanical devices, CF HDDs drew more current than flash memory's 100 mA maximum. Early versions drew up to 500 mA, but more recent ones drew under 200 mA for reads and under 300 mA for writes. (Some devices used for high speedsuch as Readyboost, which had no low-power standby modeexceeded the 500 mA maximum of the Type II standard.) CF HDDs were also susceptible to damage from physical shock or temperature changes. However, CF HDDs had a longer lifespan of write cycles than early flash memories.

The iPod mini, Nokia N91, iriver H10 (5 or 6 GB model), PalmOne LifeDrive, and Rio Carbon used a Microdrive to store data.

Read this article:

CompactFlash - Wikipedia

Posted in Cf | Comments Off on CompactFlash – Wikipedia

FT: Toronto FC 1 – 3 CF MontrealGame Thread, Preview, and How to Watch – Waking The Red

Posted: at 12:31 pm

Live Match Thread

FT - WELP.

90 + 3 - TFC headed to lucky number 13 defeats.

87 - TORONTO SUBSTITUTION:

82 - Quioto in on a breakaway and scores, waved offside. VAR is checking ... and the call stands. Phew.

78 - TORONTO TRIPLE SUBSTITUTION:

75 - GOAL! TFC 1 - 3 CFM - Quioto subs on after injury and scores within 10 minutes.

74 - YELLOW CARD TFC - Gonzalez.

68 - GOAL! TFC 1 -2 CFM Torres gets on the end of a terrific wide attack.

67 - SAVE! Q drops to collect a shot from distance from Wanyama.

60 - YELLOW CARD TFC - Kemar Lawrence concedes a FK in a dangerous spot.

58 - GOAL! TFC 1 - 1 CFM - Achara buries it after getting on a nice cross from Yeferson.

56 - Toronto getting lots of possession with 2 shots total, one on target to show for it.

45 - Were back at Stade Saputo.

HT - Yuck.

45 + 2 - ET in the first half ...

45 - CHANCE! Auro Jr. jumps on a tasty loose ball and shoots from distance.

42 - SAVE! Q robs striker Sam Piette from his brace. And saves a free header off the resulting corner.

36 - SAVE! - Q robs Jonsson and then a parade of corners with no joy.

30 - TORONTO SUBSTITUTION - OMG 1st HALF SUBS

23 - GOAL! TFC 0 - 1 CFM. TFC give away a free kick directly outside the box, and Q stops the initial shot, but coughs the rebound to Sammy Piete, who buries it.

20 - SAVE! Q robs ZBG, though the play is whistled offside.

14 - CHANCE? Poz to Yef and straight at the keeper.

9 - YELLOW CARD ISSUED TO CFM

8 - Thats 4 mins without catastrophe! YAAAY!

4 - VAR awards a straight red to Noble Okello.

4 - Oh No. Getting reviewed by VAR as well.

2 - CFM CHANCE! Torres just over the bar.

1 - Digging the dubstep loop in the background!

&:34PM EST - Ok, one more ad break until destiny.

7:02PM EST - I always start the day worried that Ill have nothing to talk about on the Tunnel Club, WTR x Footy Talks Post-Game Twitter Spaces, and then by the time the line-up drops, I have PAGES of notes.

6:29PM EST - So, Lineups should drop soon. get your prediction in.

Heres how Toronto FC will line up today vs. CF Montreal:

And heres how the home side will set up:

TORONTO, Ont. - In a week that was billed as the most important in Torontos season, the Reds walked away with zero points. The Reds who now find themselves in a three match winless streak, travel to Stade Saputo for a matchup with CF Montreal.

Kick-off is slated for 7:30 PM and as usual can be watched on TSN.

This is not a position that TFC have found themselves in the recent past in this matchup. With only two points in the last six matches, the Reds are now 12 points out of a playoff spot and 13 points behind CF Montreal, who occupy the seventh seed in the Eastern Conference.

Regardless of their place in the standings, the Reds wont need much motivation as they take on their Canadian rivals in a rare Friday night match. In addition to making life a little bit more difficult for CF Montreal as they work towards clinching a playoff berth, the Reds will also want to reverse their opening day 4-2 loss to Montreal.

The Club is adamant that the playoffs are still not out of reach, and that this squad has what it takes to make the playoffs. Whether the Reds miraculously make the playoffs or not, we already know that there will be changes coming to this squad in the offseason. For the management and coaching staff, games like these will help determine who from the current squad will remain a Red in 2022.

Heading into Friday nights matchup, Ayo Akinola (ACL), Jozy Altidore (lower body), and Ralph Priso (lower body), continue to remain out and unavailable for selection. Striker Dom Dwyer and Tsubasa Endoh are listed as questionable.

If Dwyer is healthy, Perez may be tempted to lean on him for this matchup. While Dwyer hasnt featured much this season, he does have a successful record scoring against Montreal. In 11 games against Montreal, Dwyer has scored 10 goals on 40 shots, topping Altidores record of eight goals in 13 matches against CF Montreal.

Montreal is coming into this matchup on a four match unbeaten run, in which they have won twice and drawn each of their last two games. Montreal sport a strong home record this season where theyve secured five of their seven wins this season, including two wins and a draw since returning to the Stade Saputo.

TFC Head Coach Javier Perez will need to plan for Montreal midfielder Djordje Mihailovic, who has been an influential part of the CF Montreal offence on this unbeaten run. The American midfielder has been involved in three of the last five Montreal goals, and this has been involved in 10 Montreal goals, scoring on four and assisting on six.

Through 21 games this season, Montreal has scored 27 goals and conceded just 26 times so far this season. On the offensive side, Montreal has been able to rely on eight players who have scored more than one goal a game, including forward Mason Toye who leads the club in that department, but is unavailable for Friday nights matchup through a shoulder injury.

Along with Toye, Montreal will be without midfielder Lassi Lappalainen (groin) and defender Rbert Thorkelsson (adductor), while forward Romell Quioto is listed as questionable.

Defensively, the Club has become accustomed to playing in a lot of tight matches. Montreals last 15 matches have all been decided by one goal or less. Except for one match against FC Cincinnati where Montreal conceded four times en route to a 5-4 win, there have been lots of 2-1 and 1-0 score lines. A big part of that has been through the partnership of Victor Wanyama and Canadian International Samuel Piette. Ahead of Friday nights matchup, the TFC Head Coach made special note of the role that the midfielders play to help Montreal stay strong defensively and help transition the attack.

The Reds and Montreal have exchanged wins over their last four matches, with each club winning on two occasions, with Montreal winning most recently on opening day. The last time that either team won consecutive matchups in this fixture was in 2019 and 2020 when the Reds won four consecutive matches, including the 4-3 thriller at the MLS is Back Tournament, as well as the most recent time these clubs matched up at Stade Saputo. On that occasion, the Reds walked away with a 2-1 victory.

However the Reds season has been going, a derby match against Montreal is always circled on the calendar. For Reds faithful looking for positives this season, a win on Saturday would temporarily ease the troubles of the 2021 season.

Match Details

Opponent: CF MontrealStadium: Stade Saputo, Montreal, QCKick-off: 7:30 PM ESTWatch: TSN

Continued here:

FT: Toronto FC 1 - 3 CF MontrealGame Thread, Preview, and How to Watch - Waking The Red

Posted in Cf | Comments Off on FT: Toronto FC 1 – 3 CF MontrealGame Thread, Preview, and How to Watch – Waking The Red

Carmel dad raffles off prized bourbon collection to find a cure for his son – WTHR

Posted: at 12:31 pm

Doctors diagnosed him with cystic fibrosis through a blood screen as a newborn.

INDIANAPOLIS A father in Carmel is raffling off his rare whiskey collection to raise money for the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation.

He wants to find a cure for his young son.

At nearly 2 years old, Wyatt Perdue is an active toddler with seemingly boundless energy.

His home and family in Carmel are in constant motion.

But life for Wyatt also includes a devastating genetic disorder. Doctors diagnosed him with cystic fibrosis through a blood screen as a newborn.

"He was probably ten days old when we got the phone call from our pediatrician," said Anne Perdue, Wyatt's mom. "After the shock of it we just tried to educate ourselves and try to learn as much as we could about it."

Wyatt's parents, Nathan and Anne, are each one of the 10 million symptomless carriers of the defective gene that causes cystic fibrosis.

"So that gave us a 25% chance of having a child born with CF, which did come as a shock because we didn't have family history and our oldest son Cooper doesn't have CF," Nathan Perdue explained.

The disease affects the lungs and pancreas, causing persistent infections and it limits the ability to breathe, over time.

Wyatt's condition will get progressively worse.

His life expectancy is just 40 to 48 years old.

But therapies and treatments have improved dramatically just in the last decade, bringing this family and others living with CF a lot of hope.

"When he was 6 months old, he had access to a drug that didn't exist 10 years ago," Nathan said. "That's encouraging."

They want that progress to continue, which takes money and research.

So Wyatt's dad is now using a hobby to make it happen.

A serious whiskey and bourbon connoisseur, Nathan partnered with the Kentucky Derby Museum to raffle off part of his prized Pappy Van Winkle collection as a fundraiser.

"I had seen similar fundraising events where they had auctioned off Pappy Van Winkle or other allocated bourbons in the past and I'd seen how successful they were," Perdue said. "I thought, 'You know, what an amazing way to raise awareness and funds.'"

The collection includes the following bourbons:

On the museum's website, people can buy a raffle ticket for $100, in hopes of getting the big prize next month. Here's what is included in the prize:

Only 4,000 tickets will be sold.

"The winner gets five bottles of Pappy Van Winkle that's been valued at over $18,000," Perdue said.

Besides the bottles of bourbon, the winner also receives a hotel stay and a VIP experience at the Kentucky Derby Museum.

But the value goes well beyond these bottles and prizes.

Most of the proceeds from the raffle go to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation to help people just like Wyatt.

A small portion also goes toward the education department at the Kentucky Derby Museum.

The CF Foundation right now is working on a gene editing process that Perdue says could lead to a cure.

"To think that a small part of Wyatt's legacy is attached to those bottles is pretty amazing," he said. "So if this is in a small way can add research dollars to be able to have that happen in his lifetime? That would just be...that would mean the world to us."

He's confident a cure will happen for his son and he saved a couple bottles of Pappy Van Winkle bourbon to toast when it does.

The drawing for the raffle is Sept. 24 at 10 a.m. EST on the museum's Facebook page.

Ticket sales continue through Sept. 23. For more information, click here.

What other people are reading:

Read more:

Carmel dad raffles off prized bourbon collection to find a cure for his son - WTHR

Posted in Cf | Comments Off on Carmel dad raffles off prized bourbon collection to find a cure for his son – WTHR

Here’s Why You Should Retain CF Industries (CF) Stock Now – Zacks.com

Posted: at 12:31 pm

CF Industries Holdings, Inc. (CF Quick QuoteCF - Free Report) is expected to gain from higher demand for nitrogen fertilizers and higher prices amid headwinds stemming from increased natural gas costs and maintenance turnarounds.

Shares of the fertilizer maker are up 34% in the past year compared with 50% surge of the industry.

Image Source: Zacks Investment Research

Lets discuss why this Zacks Rank #3 (Hold) stock is worth retaining at the moment.

CF Industries is benefiting from higher nitrogen fertilizer demand in major markets. Global nitrogen demand is expected to remain strong this year. Industrial demand has also recovered from the pandemic-related disruptions. Higher economic activities have contributed to higher industrial consumption of nitrogen products. In 2021, demand for nitrogen is expected to be driven by higher corn acres in the United States.

Higher crop prices, increased planted corn acres and improved farm economics are likely to increase demand in Brazil this year. Urea tender volumes are also expected remain healthy in India in 2021.

CF Industries is also benefiting from higher nitrogen prices. The company is benefiting from recovery in nitrogen pricing in 2021 on the back of lower supply resulting from reduced operating rates across Europe and Asia. Prices are also expected to gain from higher commodity crop futures prices. Higher nitrogen prices have boosted the companys top and the bottom line in the last reported quarter. CF Industries expects nitrogen pricing to be positive in 2021 as global nitrogen supply and demand balance have been tightened by high energy prices in Asia and Europe as well as the need to replenish coarse grains stocks globally.

The company continues to generate strong cash flows and is focused on boosting shareholders value. It is committed toward returning cash to shareholders through opportunistic share buybacks and quarterly dividends.

CF Industries is exposed to headwinds from higher natural gas cost in 2021. It witnessed higher year-over-year costs in first-half 2021. The increase was partly driven by higher natural gas costs in the U.K. and rise in gas prices in North America stemming from severe winter weather. The company expects natural gas costs to increase year over year in 2021. As such, higher natural gas costs may increase its cost of sales and hurt margins.

The company also faces headwind from maintenance turnarounds in 2021, which is expected to hurt production. Its ammonia production is expected to be impacted by planned maintenance and turnaround activities and natural gas-driven curtailments. In addition to normal turnarounds this year, the company is also executing those that were deferred from 2020.

Sales volumes are also expected to decline in 2021 on a year-over-year basis due to reduced year-end inventory and lower expected production due to maintenance.

Some better-ranked stocks in the basic materials space are Nucor Corporation (NUE Quick QuoteNUE - Free Report) , Dow Inc. (DOW Quick QuoteDOW - Free Report) and Cabot Corporation (CBT Quick QuoteCBT - Free Report) .

Nucor has a projected earnings growth rate of around 494% for the current year. The companys shares have soared 156.7% in a year. It currently sports a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy). You can see the complete list of todays Zacks #1 Rank stocks here.

Dow has an expected earnings growth rate of around 403.01% for the current year. The companys shares have gained 38.2% in the past year. It currently holds a Zacks Rank #2 (Buy).

Cabot has an expected earnings growth rate of around 138.5% for the current fiscal. The companys shares have rallied 37.2% in the past year. It currently carries a Zacks Rank #2.

Read more from the original source:

Here's Why You Should Retain CF Industries (CF) Stock Now - Zacks.com

Posted in Cf | Comments Off on Here’s Why You Should Retain CF Industries (CF) Stock Now – Zacks.com