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Daily Archives: June 9, 2021
New Jersey Pro-Life Organizations Rally Against Reproductive Freedom Act at Noon on June 9th at Trenton’s War Memorial Building – InsiderNJ
Posted: June 9, 2021 at 2:49 am
New Jersey Pro-Life Organizations Rally Against Reproductive Freedom Act at Noon on June 9that Trentons War Memorial Building
TRENTON, NJ (June 8) A coalition of New Jersey pro-life organizations, physicians, clergy and activists has scheduled a protest against the pending Reproductive Freedom Act legislation for Wednesday, June 9. The event will run from noon to 2 p.m. at the Trenton War Memorial Building. Organizers are inviting everyone to attend. It will be the first major event of the 2021 race for New Jersey Governor. Phil Murphy has called on the legislature topass the bill before June 30.
Yet ascant 15% of people surveyed want abortion permitted at any time during pregnancy, according to a2021 Marist poll. Only seven countriesin the world, including North Korea, China, and Vietnam, allow abortion after 20 weeks of an unborn babys development. Yet the Reproductive Freedom Act (RFA) asserts a right to abortion without any restriction related to gestation meaning that a baby, ready to be delivered, could instead be aborted at that moment. Fewer than one in five people support spending our tax dollars on abortions, the Marist poll found.
The RFA would block parental notification, allow non-physicians to perform dangerous abortions, and force medical workers to provide abortion services, even if doing so violated their personal religious or conscience objections.
The so-called Reproductive Freedom Act is a feature of Governor Murphys move New Jersey forward reelection campaign. Our state already ranks #2 among 50 states and Washington D.C. for the percentage of pregnancies that dreadfully end in abortion. It seems our Governor will not be satisfied until we shamefully hold the title as the #1 abortion state in America.Shawn Hyland, Executive Director Family Policy Alliance of New Jersey
Evidence is mounting that New Jersey intends to become the Garden State for the harvesting of fetal tissue, saidDr. Kathleen Ruddy, a retired surgeon. In fact, this appears to be the driving force, the motive, and the objective of Governor Murphys abortion bill.
The Reproductive Freedom Act (A-4848 / S-3030) would use public taxpayer funds to pay for abortion services to anyone, coming from any state. It would subsidize human trafficking by paying for the abortions of their slaves and potentially subjecting them to forced sterilization, according toRev. Greg Quinlanof The Center For Garden State Families.
Experts note that the Black community is disproportionately the target of abortions, and that abortion accounts for 61 percent of Black deaths in America. So this is black genocide, saidRev. Clenard Childressof Montclair.
S3030/A4848 is perversely laser-focused on barbarically destroying the lives of infants, both before and after they are born. We ask all New Jerseyans to contact their legislators and demand that they reject this disgraceful, inhumane infanticide bill, saidMarie Tasy, Executive Director of New Jersey Right to Life.
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Clearwater physical therapist helps patients regain motion and freedom – Tampa Bay Times
Posted: at 2:49 am
Daniel ODonnell got hurt several times as a high school athlete and became intrigued by how the physical therapists helped him heal.
From that exposure the interest grew and grew,' he said.
He specialized in the field at Florida International University, graduating in 1982. The longtime Clearwater practitioner is currently director of physical therapy at Therapy & Sports Center. His bio states that hes one of 37 physical therapists in Florida who are certified in the McKenzie Method of Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy.
ODonnell, 64, talked with the Tampa Bay Times about getting muscles, bones, joints and tendons to function properly.
What is the McKenzie Method?
The McKenzie Method is a method of assessment. Thats basically what it is. What weve had problems with in physical therapy is our methods that we used, that we learned to assess musculoskeletal problems. What we typically learn and get exposed to hasnt had a good effect on outcomes because the assessment process has been relatively unreliable or essentially invalid. So what Robin McKenzie did was, he created an assessment process of repeated movements and positions by which a valid and reliable conclusion can be made by the assessment and therefore an appropriate treatment and a better outcome.
So, traditional methods of diagnosing a patients problems can result in using corrective measures that may be opposite of what should be done?
Thats exactly right. And its been proven that thats what happens.
Are all physical therapists starting to adopt the McKenzie Method?
It is gradually becoming embraced, at least in the milieu that I work in, outpatient physical therapy, only because the outcomes are being proven and their statistics are showing that this is a more accurate and more expedient and cost-effective way.
What are the main problems you see that people have?
All of health care is 20 percent of our basic economy in the United States, and 20 percent of that 20 percent is musculoskeletal disorders, which is joint, muscle, bone and any dysfunction that envelopes those parts of the anatomy. ...
We see everything, from post-surgical rehabilitation to injury that doesnt require surgery at various levels, to some of it is just prevention. Someone has a premonition that theyve got something and not quite sure what they may be dealing with, they go to a physical therapist and that can be assessed and a preventative or even maintenance strategy can be applied.
You work with a lot of people who are recovering from hip and knee replacement surgery. Whats the harder one to recover from?
Knee replacement is the most significant time, discomfort and effort at recovery.
It would seem that hip replacement recovery would be more difficult.
Its not. Its a bigger, deeper joint that doesnt require that much rehab and it is much less uncomfortable, and secondary problems are much less. The new hips where they do the front approach to the new hips, and not every orthopedist does this, but the new approach is really sweet. It has a very low chance of dislocating after surgery. It is very low on the level of pain after surgery. People need much less recovery time and recovery effort.
Why is that?
Its called a total hip arthroplasty, anterior approach. That means instead of going from the back or from the side and having to cut some of the muscles of the hip, that isnt done. More, its moving those structures to the side and being able to put the appliance in without too much soft tissue injury.
Why is recovering from knee replacement harder?
Its difficult because the structure of the joint is such that you get the whole joint, the top of the joint, the bottom of the joint and behind your knee cap, all those things are replaced. And when they are replaced some of the ligaments have to be sacrificed. They have to be removed just like the osteoarthritis is removed from the joint. The appliance is attached to the bone on the top and bottom of the joint and behind the knee cap, and then the process of regaining motion, which is pretty difficult for most people, and then regaining strength so as to have a good functional outcome is time-consuming and can be uncomfortable.
Is jogging bad for your joints?
No, jogging is not bad for you. And we can look at this from a global view and say that, really, no exercise is bad for you if its done well and at a level that the individual is capable of receiving it.
But do joggers and runners have to warm up?
A sprinter needs a significant warm-up. A jogger doesnt need that much warm-up. The first half mile can do as a warm-up. But where people get injured is when they try to do something theyre unfamiliar with or they do something with bad technique, or they increase what they can do well but their increases are too significant for the soft tissue, the connective tissue ... to be able to support it. And then that tissue can break down and become injured
Obviously, the higher the level of the athlete, regardless of the sport, the more the warm-up becomes important.
Are there any exercises that are more risky than others?
Yes. One of the high risks is weight-lifting and especially the faster lifts, which are the Olympic lifts, the clean and jerk. Those typically get a bad rap, and they are extremely effective and safe if done properly. You really need a good coach when youre doing those things. And if thats in place, then theyre completely safe. But if its not, people can hurt themselves.
Its the magnitude of weight and the speed at which they have to move it that requires them to be able to do that, and oftentimes when someone gets interested in that, they come in with not necessarily an injury but an inadequacy in motion, and then that throws the lift off and then they just cant do it properly until they fix the motion problem.
Does slow-moving weight-lifting normally offer more benefit?
Yes, especially in acute injury, especially when youre dealing with tendons. Initially, youre going to move slowly, youre going to try to eliminate momentum, and then the holding it at the apex of the maneuver for several seconds, that gives the soft tissue the stimulus it needs to get stronger.
Do you see a change in mood in people over the time they are in physical therapy?
One of the absolute best things about being involved in physical therapy is you get to see that evolution in mood from the initial day of fear, concern, some anxiety, and then it gets better and better and better until the day of discharge, when people feel very comfortable and are quite happy to have overcome their problem.
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A Victory for Freedom of Expression and Association: CUPE Ontario Applauds Judge’s Decision That Ford’s Election Advertising Bill Is Unconstitutional…
Posted: at 2:49 am
TORONTO--(BUSINESS WIRE)--An Ontario Superior Court judge ruled today that the Ford Conservatives expansion of the Election Finances Act to limit political advertising by unions, advocacy organizations, and concerned citizens is unconstitutional. The Canadian Union of Public Employees (CUPE) Ontario welcomed the ruling, calling it an important victory for freedom of expression and association that bolsters the democratic process in Ontario.
The only way we can truly come out of the pandemic stronger and better as a province is by being able to hear from the very people and organizations that have been on the ground getting us through COVID-19, said Fred Hahn, President of CUPE Ontario. This decision ensures that those of us who arent political parties - like unions, community organizations, and provincial issue-based coalitions - and who cant assume that our announcements or press events will be aired on multiple television stations, can still get our message out. It means Ontarians will continue to be able to access a range of opinions on issues that matter to us all and make truly informed decisions ahead of elections.
Bill 254 would have meant that third parties, like CUPE Ontario, would see limits to political advertising, which includes issue-based campaign ads that are considered to be closely identified with a political party or a candidate. The Bill doubled the period of restricted advertising and, according to CUPE Ontario, could potentially make collaboration on issues up to challenge one out of every four years.
The union, representing 280,000 public sector workers, raised their concerns about the Bill before todays decision.
This is wrong. It is undemocratic. It is unconstitutional, Hahn warned the government during committee hearings in March. The effect of all this will be to create a chill on legitimate and constitutionally protected speech and advocacy.
The Ford Conservatives claim that theyre just really concerned about big money in elections is just patently false, said Hahn today. The real effect of such a measure would have been to keep us from raising critical issues. It would have been an obstacle to talking about the countless ways in which the Tories have failed us all over the last year, to reminding our communities of the cuts the Conservatives started before the pandemic, and to describing what we need to do to keep Ontarians safe and to collectively make Ontario the best possible province it could be in the future.
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Freedom Fest celebration and parade is on in Longboat Key – YourObserver.com
Posted: at 2:49 am
The Longboat Key Town Commission approved plans to resume the annual Freedom Festival celebration and parade.
Commissioners voted 7-0 on Monday afternoon to waive the Longboat Key Chamber of Commerces $100 permit fee. Atemporary road closure is also plannedfor Bay Isles Road on Sunday, July 4.
Im very excited that we can now move forward and start to plan for the parade and for all the other things for the kids, Chamber of Commerce President Gail Loefgren said.
Last year, the towns Independence Day festivities got canceled because of the COVID-19 pandemic.
This years parade is set to close Bay Isles Road from 9 a.m. to 9:15 a.m. Sunday, July 4. Festivities at Bicentennial Park right next to Town Hall would host festivities from 7 a.m. to noon.
During Mondays Town Commission meeting, At-Large Commissioner BJ Bishop asked Mayor Ken Schneier to remove the measure from the consent agenda so commissioners could discuss the logistics of the parade.
I wish that our assistant police person were here to talk about what specific things were going to do to ensure that the traffic in and out of All Angels Episcopal Church is not compromised because they meet at both 8 a.m. and 10 a.m. on Sundays, Bishop said. Obviously, the parade route runs in conflict with people being able to get to church.
Interim Police Chief George Turner and Deputy Police Chief Frank Rubino were not in attendance during Mondays Town Commission meeting.
Loefgren said she has had conversations with Rubino about this years parade plans.
Public Works Director Isaac Brownman, whose department is the one that reviews permits for public forums, said the town is working with the Chamber of Commerce and the Longboat Key Police Department.
With the parade being 15 minutes, theres a couple of options there, Brownman said.
Fourth of July has been on a Sunday in the past. The year 2010 marked the last time Independence Day fell on a Sunday.
A lot of information will be forthcoming, especially about the parade, Loefgren said. I would like to have people know that the parade this year will be honoring our local heroes through the COVID crisis.
Longboat Key Fire Chief Paul Dezzi is due to serve as one of the grand marshals of Freedom Fest.
Loefgren said she planned to select two other grand marshals: One who works in healthcare and someone from the Publix store at the Shoppes of Bay Isles.
This is a big deal even though its a small hometown parade, but I would like to honor our people, Loefgren said. Ive got to make sure [the] Rotary [Club] will do the Hot Diggity Dog Contest now that weve been approved. The kids and the dogs are the whole reason to do it.
Loefgren said Cannons Marina owner David Miller is again planning to offer$500 to the best float in the parade.
Id like the whole parade to be really bigger than ever this year, Loefgren said. The same amount of time 15 minutes, but more floats.
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Freedom Hall veteran Bobbie Shirley retires after more than 45 years – Johnson City Press (subscription)
Posted: at 2:49 am
Bobbie Shirley has been an employee at the Freedom Hall Civic Center almost as long as the venue has been open.
Initially starting as a clerk at the swimming pool in July 1975, Shirley worked at the center for more than 45 years before retiring this year as the venues director, a position she stepped into last year after former director Lisa Chamness retired. Before that, she filled multiple roles at Freedom Hall, which first opened its doors in 1974.
The Johnson City Commission issued a proclamation in her honor at a meeting in May.
Freedom Hall will not be the same without you, Commissioner Jenny Brock told Shirley at the time. Ive always known ... that if you wanted any information about Freedom Hall, or the history of Freedom Hall, you were the person who has it all.
When she first took a job at the center, Shirley had just graduated from high school and was looking for extra money. Before that, Shirley had volunteered at Freedom Hall as an usher for the first event at the civic center, a performance by comedian Bob Hope, in 1974.
Since officially joining the payroll, Shirley has worked in the venues ticket booth, at the concessions stand, as the administrative secretary and as the box office manager.
Shes also witnessed, and helped organize, hundreds of performances at the venue, a list that includes rock icons like Aerosmith, country music legends like John Prine and adrenaline-soaked spectacles like WWE wrestling. For Shirley, Jimmy Buffett, Tom Jones and Kenny Rogers were particular standouts. Depending on the act, she explained, planning events at the center can take anywhere from six to eight months or even a year.
But the best part about working at Freedom Hall isnt necessarily all the stars, Shirley said.
Its everybody that you work with, she noted.
The time shes invested at the center has allowed Shirley to develop strong bonds with co-workers, promoters and performers. Shes even watched some performers grow up.
You see people over and over again, Shirley said. You develop good friendships.
Shirley has also gathered a mountain of memorabilia over the years, a collection that includes mugs, tickets, photos, backstage passes, drumsticks, guitar picks and shot glasses. She usually tries to buy an item from every show at Freedom Hall and is more inclined to get something if she likes the artist.
Im trying to get smaller things now, she quipped.
Over the years, Freedom Hall has also encountered more competition. When it first opened, Shirley estimated, the civic center was one of dozens of buildings that size. Now, its one of hundreds.
We are not a tier-one market anymore, she said. Now, shows they do bigger cities. An artist can get a song on the radio and become an overnight sensation and then they pick and choose where they go to.
The center is, however, still plenty capable of drawing large acts.
Freedom Hall is a great place to see events, Shirley said. The acoustics are wonderful in here, and theres not a bad seat in the house.
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Watch: Press freedom in the Middle East, 10 years after the Arab Spring – ICIJ – ICIJ.org
Posted: at 2:49 am
On the 10th anniversary of the Arab Spring, the state of free press in the MENA region is as tenuous as ever.
Reporters continue to work in hostile environments ten years after what many had hoped to be a revolutionary movement and a peaceful uprising against oppressive regimes across the Middle East and North Africa.
On June 2, the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ) hosted a virtual conversation with journalists to discuss the current state of press freedom in the MENA region, what can be done to combat threats and how global collaborations like ICIJs FinCEN Files, Luanda Leaks and Panama Papers help free press thrive. From access to information and censorship, to investigating corruption and threats against female journalists, we look back on the changes over the decade and why hope for the region remains.
The roundtable discussion featured Jelena Cosic, ICIJs training manager and Eastern Europe partnership coordinator, ICIJ member Alia Ibrahim, co-founder and CEO of Daraj.com, ICIJ member Malek Khadhraoui, executive director of Inkyfada and Saja Mortada, investigative journalist with the Arab Reporters for Investigative Journalism (ARIJ).
When you support ICIJ, youre supporting a network of journalists who work together to make sure the worlds most important stories get told.Make a donation todayto join our community of ICIJ Insiders, and youll receive exclusive early access to content, to events like this, and more.Donate now.
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COVID-19: Pub bosses cheer for Euro 2020-driven recovery as ‘Freedom Day’ hangs in the balance – Sky News
Posted: at 2:49 am
Pub bosses have appealed for the easing of COVID restrictions across the UK, saying the delayed Euro 2020 football championship offers the perfect opportunity to help the industry and beyond recover.
The chief executives of Young's and Greene King were among those to speak out amid jitters that the final step on the roadmap for England to exit COVID-19 rules - currently pencilled in for 21 June - is under threat from a resurgence in cases, led by the Delta (or Indian) variant.
The hospitality sector as a whole is expecting a boost to business as summer weather takes hold after over a year of stop-start disruption to business.
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The Euros, which begin on Friday, involve Wales, Scotland and England.
It is hoped that fans in the home nations will be able to enjoy unrestricted access to big screens both inside and outside pubs and bars as the tournament plays out across 11 countries - with the semi-finals and final to be played at London's Wembley Stadium.
The crowds have the potential to be much larger than would normally be the case because none of those overseas host countries are on the so-called green list, which would allow travel without quarantine requirements.
Environment Secretary George Eustice told Sky News on Tuesday to urge caution on breaks abroad, saying his advice would be to "holiday at home".
Figures compiled by the Office for National Statistics (ONS) earlier showed fewer than a quarter of pub owners were "highly confident" that they would survive the next three months - given the uncertainties ahead.
The ale economy survey, compiled in early May, suggested only 24% of companies were extremely optimistic about the future, with more than 55% of all staff still on furlough.
Almost 10,000 licensed premises were reported to have closed permanently last year - a figure certain to have risen because of continued disruption in 2021.
The industry is campaigning for additional taxpayer aid to help boost employment and the wider economic recovery at a time when it is unclear what regulations they will face in the coming weeks.
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Greene King boss Nick Mackenzie said: "There is a real risk that restrictions may remain in place, meaning that pubs will be unable to trade profitably as crucial financial support falls away.
"If that happens, the impact on pubs will be huge and it's going to be a real struggle for many to survive.
"The reality is that we can't continue in this limbo indefinitely.
"We are relying on the Euros and the summer to begin rebuilding and without the ability to do that, it is imperative that the government continues to provide support to save the sector, especially by extending the business rates holiday and removing the cap which will affect so many businesses."
His counterpart at Young's, Patrick Dardis, added: "If the government continues to make decisions at very short noticeand not engage properly with businesses, uncertainty will prevail and confidence will deteriorate."
He said of England's restrictions: "Having delivered against the four criteria for reopening, there is no reason that Freedom Day should be delayed beyond June 21.
"We need strong leadership from the government to save jobs and ensure the UK's economic recovery continues."
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Jeff Bezos Is Going To Space (For A Few Minutes) – NPR
Posted: at 2:48 am
Amazon founder and CEO Jeff Bezos announced he'll be on board a spaceflight next month in a capsule attached to a rocket made by his space exploration company Blue Origin. Bezos is seen here in 2019. Mark Ralston/AFP via Getty Images hide caption
Amazon founder and CEO Jeff Bezos announced he'll be on board a spaceflight next month in a capsule attached to a rocket made by his space exploration company Blue Origin. Bezos is seen here in 2019.
Jeff Bezos has already selected a hobby for his post-CEO life: space travel.
Just two weeks after he steps down as CEO of Amazon, Bezos will climb aboard a rocket made by his space exploration company Blue Origin.
"If you see the earth from space, it changes you. It changes your relationship with this planet, with humanity. It's one earth," Bezos said in a video posted to Instagram on Monday morning.
"Ever since I was five years old, I've dreamed of traveling to space."
Blue Origin's rocket is called New Shepard, and it's reusable the idea being that reusing rockets will lower the cost of going to space and make it more accessible. The pressurized capsule has space for six passengers. There are no pilots.
This will be the first time a crew will be aboard the New Shepard, in a capsule attached to the rocket.
And it won't just be Bezos: He invited his brother Mark, too.
Want to join the Bezos brothers?
You can bid on a seat on the flight in an auction that benefits Blue Origin's foundation, which has the mission of inspiring future generations to pursue careers in STEM. The current high bid is $2.8 million.
The flight is scheduled for July 20 the anniversary of the Apollo 11 moon landing in 1969. Bezos gives up his CEO title on July 5, when he'll pass the reins to Andy Jassy, who currently leads Amazon's cloud computing division.
Blue Origin's New Shepard rocket is seen here launching with a capsule attached in 2019. Blue Origin hide caption
Blue Origin's New Shepard rocket is seen here launching with a capsule attached in 2019.
Bezos ended his Instagram post with Blue Origin's Latin motto, gradatim ferociter which the company translates as "step by step ferociously."
Technically, the Karman line is the altitude at which space begins about 62 miles above sea level.
But Bezos won't be above that line for long. The flight is expected to last about 11 minutes, and only a small portion of that time is above the Karman line, according to a graphic of the flight trajectory on Blue Origin's website.
The New Shepard's journey is called suborbital flight, meaning the rocket isn't powerful enough to enter Earth's orbit.
Bezos isn't alone in spending some of his enormous wealth on space exploration.
Elon Musk's SpaceX Crew Dragon now regularly carries astronauts to and from the International Space Station. And in May, a test flight by Richard Branson's Virgin Galactic reached an altitude of 55 miles, marking its third human spaceflight.
But neither Musk nor Branson has traveled to space yet in their companies' aircrafts.
In 2014, two pilots were aboard a Virgin Galactic test flight that crashed in California's Mojave Desert, killing one of them. An investigation found that pilot error and design problems were to blame in the crash.
A test dummy rides on board the New Shepard crew capsule in January. Blue Origin hide caption
A test dummy rides on board the New Shepard crew capsule in January.
Four employees of Virgin Galactic are expected to join the company's next test flight, and Branson is to go on the flight after that, the BBC reported. Branson said last month that he is actively preparing his body for spaceflight.
Virgin Galactic's design looks light-years different from Blue Origin's New Shepard. Virgin's craft resembles an airplane, while the New Shepard is an actual rocket.
But Bezos says Virgin Galactic's flights don't really reach space.
"One of the issues that Virgin Galactic will have to address, eventually, is that they are not flying above the Karman Line, not yet," Bezos told SpaceNews in 2019. "I think one of the things they will have to figure out how to get above the Karman Line."
NPR science correspondent Geoff Brumfiel contributed to this report.
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The history of space exploration in 15 images – World Economic Forum
Posted: at 2:48 am
Human space travel is 60 years old this year, and in those six decades it has helped us discover much about the universe. But it has also delivered many practical benefits back home.
From monitoring climate change to connecting people through satellites, space exploration has created solutions to some very down-to-Earth problems. Space technology is vital to global security and even helps to stop illegal logging, illegal fishing and illegal wildlife trade.
Space is also a vital part of the global economy, accounting for $366 billion of economic activity every year, data from the World Economic Forums 2020 briefing paper, Six ways space technologies benefit life on Earth, shows.
Six ways space technologies benefit life on Earth.
Image: World Economic Forum
Here are 15 images that show the history of those six decades in space.
1. The first man in space
Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to fly in space.
Image: Arto Jousi/Wikimedia Commons
On 12 April 1961, Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first human to fly in space. His single orbit of the Earth ushered in a new age of human space travel. Tragically he was killed in a plane crash just seven years after his pioneering space mission.
2. The first Black astronaut
US Air Force captain Robert H Lawrence Jnr was chosen as the nations first African American astronaut in 1967.
Image: NASA/Flickr
US Air Force captain Robert H Lawrence Jnr was chosen as the nations first African American astronaut in 1967 but he died in a fighter plane crash before he could make his first space flight.
3. The first US space walk
In 1965, Ed White became the first American to walk in space.
Image: NASA/Flickr
Thats one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind - Neil Armstrong
Image: NASA/Flickr
Neil Armstrong, who stepped off the Apollo lunar lander on 20 July 1969 with the famous words Thats one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind, took this shot of fellow astronaut Buzz Aldrin walking on the lunar surface shortly afterwards.
The Apollo 11 astronauts were the first to see this spectacle.
Image: NASA/Flickr
The Apollo 11 astronauts were the first people to see the Earth rise over the Moons horizon a striking reminder that they were far from home.
A welcome parade for Apollo 11 after their first Moon landing.
Image: NASA/Flickr
New York laid on one of its trademark ticker-tape welcomes for the crew of Apollo 11 after the first Moon landing. Astronauts Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin and Michael Collins led the parade.
7. International collaboration in action
The US Space Shuttle Atlantis docking with Russias Mir space station.
Image: NASA/Flickr
The US Space Shuttle Atlantis docking with Russias Mir space station. By July 1995, when this picture was taken, the former space race rivals were collaborating in space exploration. The shuttle ferried two Russian cosmonauts to the space station.
The Space Shuttle Challenger explosion resulted in the tragic loss of seven crew members.
Image: NASA/Flickr
The dangers associated with space travel were tragically highlighted by the loss of the Space Shuttle Challenger and its seven crew members on 28 January 1986. TV audiences watched in horror as the spacecraft exploded shortly after launch. Failed seals on a rocket booster were blamed for the accident.
9. The first Black woman in space
Mae Jemison - the first Black woman to fly in space on the Space Shuttle Endeavour.
Image: NASA Flickr
In September 1992, Mae Jemison became the first Black woman to fly in space on the Space Shuttle Endeavour. Dr Jemison, a physician with a degree in chemical engineering, worked as a general medical practitioner before joining NASA as a Mission Specialist.
10. Uncovering the secrets of the universe
The Hubble Space Telescope.
Image: NASA/Flickr
The Hubble Space Telescope was launched into orbit by space shuttle Discovery in April 1990. In this picture, taken in 1993, NASA astronauts work on upgrades to Hubble, which has a better view of the universe than Earth-based telescopes.
Two galaxies grazing each others orbits.
Image: NASA/Flickr
This remarkable image from the Hubble Space Telescope shows two galaxies grazing each others orbits. The gravitational forces of the galaxy on the left are distorting its neighbour, flinging stars and gas hundreds of thousands of light years across space.
12. The development that revolutionized space travel
The Space Shuttle Columbia broke when re-entering the earth's atmosphere, killing everyone on board.
Image: NASA/Flickr
The reusable US Space Shuttle not only simplified human space travel, its payload bay was used to deliver and recover satellites. But this was not without great risks. This image shows Space Shuttle Columbia lifting off on what would be its last mission in January 2003. The spacecraft broke up on re-entry to the Earths atmosphere, killing all on board.
The International Space Station.
Image: NASA/Flickr
Built in space from components flown into orbit, the International Space Station was completed between 1998 and 2011 with contributions from 15 nations. The 67 metre-long pressurised section has been continuously occupied since November 2000.
NASAs Ingenuity Mars Helicopter was the first powered, controlled flight in any world beyond Earth IN 2021.
Image: NASA
NASAs Ingenuity Mars Helicopter rode to the surface of Mars attached to the Perseverance rover and made its first flight in the thin Martian atmosphere in April 2021. It was the first powered, controlled flight in any world beyond Earth.
15. The future of human space flight?
The Boeing CST-100 Starliner spacecraft .
Image: NASA/Flickr
After the Space Shuttle programme ended in July 2011, the US partnered with Boeing and Elon Musks SpaceX for the Commercial Crew Programme to develop reusable craft to fly astronauts to the International Space Station. This image shows the Boeing CST-100 Starliner spacecraft making a soft landing in New Mexico in December 2019.
The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the World Economic Forum.
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The history of space exploration in 15 images - World Economic Forum
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Why Venus is back in the exploration limelight – Space.com
Posted: at 2:48 am
Venus is getting some long-overdue love.
On Wednesday (June 2), NASA announced that it will launch two missions to Earth's hellishly hot sister planet by 2030 an orbiter called VERITAS and an atmospheric probe known as DAVINCI+.
The duo will break a long Venus drought for the space agency, which hasn't launched a dedicated mission to the second rock from the sun since the Magellan radar-mapping orbiter in 1989.
Related: Photos of Venus, the mysterious planet next door
Other organizations are putting Venus in the crosshairs as well. For example, the space agencies of Europe, India and Russia are all developing Venus mission concepts for potential launch in the next decade or so. And the California-based company Rocket Lab aims to send a life-hunting mission to the planet in 2023.
Indeed, we may well be witnessing the start of a bona fide Venus exploration campaign.
"My sense is that people are going to be surprised by how interesting [Venus] is," said planetary scientist David Grinspoon, a member of the DAVINCI+ team and a longtime advocate for more in-depth study of Venus.
"And if that is the case, then the results of the early missions will also feed a desire for more missions, because it's a very complex and vibrant and interesting place," Grinspoon, who's based at the Planetary Science Institute, told Space.com.
Venus has been in the limelight before. The Soviet Union targeted the planet frequently from the 1960s through the mid-1980s with its Venera and Vega programs, notching a variety of exploration milestones along the way (despite a number of launch failures).
In October 1967, for instance, Venera 4 became the first probe ever to beam data home from the atmosphere of another world, finding that Venus' surface is incredibly hot and its air surprisingly thick. Three years later, Venera 7 performed the first successful soft landing on a planet other than Earth.
In 1982, the Venera 13 lander recorded the first-ever audio on the surface of another world (an accomplishment recently mirrored on Mars by NASA's Perseverance rover). And in the mid-1980s, the Vega 1 and Vega 2 missions successfully deployed balloon probes in the thick Venusian atmosphere, another off-Earth first.
The United States mounted some Venus missions during this stretch as well, though not nearly as many as its Cold War rival did. NASA's Mariner 2, Mariner 5 and Mariner 10 spacecraft performed flybys of the planet in 1962, 1967 and 1974, respectively. And in 1978, the space agency launched both the Pioneer Venus Orbiter and the Pioneer Venus Multiprobe. The multiprobe sent four instrument-laden entry craft into Venus' atmosphere in December of that year, and the orbiter studied Venus from above until 1992.
Then there was Magellan, which was the first interplanetary mission ever to launch from the space shuttle. The probe mapped Venus in detail using synthetic-aperture radar until October 1994, when its handlers sent Magellan down to its death in the Venusian atmosphere.
The list gets pretty thin after that. Europe's Venus Express orbiter studied the planet, with a focus on its atmosphere, from 2006 to 2014. And Japan's Akatsuki orbiter has been doing its own atmospheric investigations since arriving at Venus, after some tenacious troubleshooting, in December 2015.
Related: Here's every successful Venus mission humanity has ever launched
Venus faded as an exploration target for several reasons. The decline of the Soviet Union and its eventual collapse in the early 1990s had a chilling effect, for example; Vega 2 remains the last successful fully homegrown interplanetary mission launched by the Soviet Union or its successor state, Russia. (Russia's federal space agency, Roscosmos, and the European Space Agency are working together on the ExoMars project, which launched an orbiter to the Red Planet in 2016 and plans to send a life-hunting rover there in 2022.)
In addition, throughout the 1990s and beyond, NASA increasingly focused its robotic exploration efforts on Mars, whose surface bears unmistakable signs of past water activity and is much more welcoming to landers and rovers. Even the most successful Venus landers have survived for mere hours on the planet's surface, which is hot enough to melt lead.
"It's sort of understandable why Venus wasn't picked for a while [by NASA], because Venus is a hard place to explore," Grinspoon said. "You're never going to get the same data return, in terms of megabits of data, from a Venus mission as you would from a Mars mission."
But the pendulum could swing only so far from Venus before heading back the planet's way. For starters, as scientists have gathered more and more detailed knowledge about other solar system bodies such as Mars, Mercury and Pluto, the gaps in our understanding of Venus, which is similar to Earth in size and mass, became increasingly obvious.
Venus has "been so neglected that now the mysteries it's almost an embarrassment, or certainly an impediment, to our fully understanding our solar system," Grinspoon said.
In addition, scientists think that Venus was once very different a balmy, temperate world with oceans, rivers and streams. Recent research even suggests that the planet's surface was habitable for Earth-like life for several billion years, until a runaway greenhouse effect took hold around 700 million years ago.
And parts of Venus may still be habitable today. About 30 miles (50 kilometers) above the planet's scorching surface, temperatures and pressures are quite Earth-like, so it's possible that microbes even now reside in the Venusian skies, wafting about with the sulfuric-acid clouds.
Intriguingly, those skies feature mysterious dark patches where ultraviolet radiation is absorbed perhaps by a sulfur-based pigment that microbes produce to protect against sunburn, some scientists have speculated. And one team of researchers recently announced that they'd spotted the signature of phosphine, a possible biosignature gas, around that 30-mile altitude. The apparent phosphine find has not been confirmed by other teams, however, and remains the topic of considerable discussion and debate.
Related: 6 most likely places for alien life in the solar system
So Venus has become a more attractive astrobiological target in recent years, just as the search for alien life has increasingly moved from the scientific fringes into the mainstream.
That transition has been helped along by the ongoing exoplanet revolution, which has revealed that the universe is teeming with potentially habitable worlds. And exoplanet scientists are keen to learn more about Venus, adding to the planet's accruing allure.
"There's a lot of interest from the exoplanet community in exploring Venus, because it's obvious to anybody that sort of thinks about solar systems, planetary systems, systematically that understanding the Venus-Earth difference is really key to understanding how planets evolve in general, and how habitable conditions evolve," Grinspoon said.
There's also a more practical reason to learn exactly how Venus became a scorching hellscape. Humanity is pushing Earth in that dangerous direction via deforestation and the burning of fossil fuels, after all, and Venus can be a natural laboratory in addition to a cautionary tale.
"There's a lot that we still need to learn about climate and how it changes on Earth-like planets, and Venus being sort of an extreme case can really push our models to the limit," Grinspoon said. "There's a value to the comparative study of similar planets that makes you wiser about how your own operates and changes, and I think that Venus is just too valuable in that regard for us to ignore any longer."
VERITAS and DAVINCI+ were selected by NASA's Discovery program, which develops relatively low-cost exploration projects. The price tag of each mission is capped at around $500 million, and each is expected to launch between 2028 and 2030.
VERITAS (short for "Venus Emissivity, Radio Science, InSAR, Topography and Spectroscopy") will map Venus' surface in detail from orbit using radar and monitor infrared surface emissions, which will reveal how rock type varies from place to place. Such observations will shed light on Venus' geologic history and climate evolution and help researchers determine if the planet hosts active plate tectonics and volcanism today, NASA officials said.
DAVINCI+ ("Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble Gases, Chemistry and Imaging") will send a "descent sphere" through Venus' thick air. The probe will measure atmospheric composition as it falls, returning data that will teach scientists more about how the planet went hothouse. The DAVINCI+ team also plans to look for phosphine, Grinspoon said.
"It is astounding how little we know about Venus, but the combined results of these missions will tell us about the planet from the clouds in its sky through the volcanoes on its surface all the way down to its very core," NASA Discovery Program scientist Tom Wagner said in a statement on Wednesday. "It will be as if we have rediscovered the planet."
The two NASA missions will follow on the heels of a privately funded Venus effort, if all goes according to plan: Rocket Lab aims to launch a Venus mission in 2023 using its Electron rocket and Photon satellite bus. Details are still being worked out, but the goal is to use an atmospheric probe to hunt for signs of life in the balmy patch of Venus' skies.
"We're going to learn a lot on the way there, and we're going to have a crack at seeing if we can discover what's in that atmospheric zone," Rocket Lab founder and CEO Peter Beck said last summer when announcing the project. "And who knows? You may hit the jackpot."
That initial mission could even kick off an extended Rocket Lab Venus campaign, Beck has said.
Related: The 10 weirdest facts about Venus
Those private missions could in turn be part of a larger, global exploration effort, for there are other Venus plans afoot as well. For example, a Venus orbiter concept called EnVision is one of three medium-class missions that the European Space Agency is considering for launch in 2032. The winner is expected to be announced this month, perhaps as soon as this week.
The Indian Space Research Organisation is developing a potential Venus mission of its own, called Shukrayaan-1, which would launch in 2024 or 2026. That project would include an orbiter and an atmospheric balloon probe.
And Russia aims to go back to Venus at long last, with an ambitious mission called Venera-D that would feature an orbiter, a lander and atmospheric balloons. Venera-D will launch in 2029, if all goes according to plan.
Mike Wall is the author of "Out There" (Grand Central Publishing, 2018; illustrated by Karl Tate), a book about the search for alien life. Follow him on Twitter @michaeldwall. Follow us on Twitter @Spacedotcom or Facebook.
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