Daily Archives: April 2, 2021

Cork City selected from shortlist of hundreds across the world, to be twinned with new Mars Colony.

Organisations have proposed plans for a human mission to Mars, the first step towards any colonization effort, but no person has set foot on the planet. However, landers and rovers have successfully explored the planetary surface and delivered information about conditions on the ground.

Reasons for colonizing Mars include pure curiosity, the potential for humans to provide more in-depth observational research than unmanned rovers, economic interest in its resources, and the possibility that the settlement of other planets could decrease the likelihood of human extinction. Difficulties and hazards include radiation exposure during a trip to Mars and on its surface, toxic soil, low gravity, the isolation that accompanies Mars distance from Earth, a lack of water, and cold temperatures.

NASA has announced today that a new colony is being setup on the Red Planet and Cork City has been selected to be twinned with Carina Cassiopeia. The name of the colony Carina Cassiopeia comes from the two constellations; Carina and Cassiopeia.

Local authorities in Cork have discussed the possibility of a Twinsie Shuttle between Cork and Carina Cassiopeia, and tenders have now been sought and construction to commence with a shuttle pod proposed for Adrigole in West Cork.

Estimated completion date of the project is 1st April 2125. Happy April Fools Day Folks!

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New Mars Colony Announced by NASA to be twinned with Cork City - Cork Safety Alerts

Elon Musk s girlfriend Grimes has revealed to her Instagram followers that she's "ready to die on Mars".

The singer, 33, took to the social media platform on Tuesday to make the bold claim as her partner continues with his efforts to touch down on Mars.

Grimes, who has been dating the SpaceX CEO since 2018 and has a child with him, posted an image to her 1.7 million Instagram followers posing in front of Elon's Starbase facility in Texas.

She wrote alongside the shot: "Ready to die with the red dirt of Mars beneath my feet Starbase Tx."

The Canadian singer has previously admitted she wants to help bring life to Mars.

The Sun reported that in a Q&A last month she confessed she wanted to relocate to the planet after she turns 50 to help erect a human colony there.

Grimes, whose real name is Claire Elise Boucher, said the move would be a case of "manual labour until death most likely" but admitted that she hoped that could change.

Earlier this month, Elon, 49, made the claim that his company will touch their ships down on Mars "well before 2030".

He plans to send one million people to Mars by 2050 and build a city there.

However, it hasn't all been plain sailing so far in his plans.

SpaceX lost another prototype Mars rocket on Tuesday as the company's latest Starship test flight crashed while trying to land in heavy fog in Texas.

It was the fourth Starship prototype to crash to date with two previous models exploding upon landing and another exploding minutes after a successful landing.

The plans to take human life to Mars have been criticised by some experts.

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Britain's chief astrophysicist Lord Martin Rees said that Elon's plans are a "dangerous delusion".

American astrophysicist and science educator Neil deGrasse Tyson was in agreement and added that transferring human populations to Mars was "unrealistic".

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Elon Musk's partner Grimes announces she is 'ready to die on Mars' - Mirror Online

Boulder County is looking to allocate money from the sustainability tax to fund a series of experiments that could lead to the first furry colonies in space.

"If things go well, we could see prairie dogs relocated to another planet within a matter of years," said Agricultural Specialist G.D. Riddance. "Since prairie dogs already live in colonies, they are the perfect species to colonize Mars."

Mars rover Perseverance will be needed to drill below the surface to see if there is enough frozen water to support plant life. Soil samples will also be gathered and analyzed to determine whether there is a sufficient amount of nitrogen and other nutrients on the red planet to grow perennial grasses. If the soil quality is poor, the county has offered to provide compost (from someplace other than Rainbow Open Space), potentially sequestering carbon on Mars as an added benefit.

If those experiments go well, CU LAPS space program would design a greenhouse-like facility to provide an oxygenated environment for the prairie dogs. It would be similar to the layout of the structure in the movie "The Martian," minus the controversial biosolids deposited by actor Matt Damon.

LAPS would also build a relocation rocket, equipped with a patch of grass and burrows for the prairie dogs who would be fitted with tiny weights on their ankles to keep them from floating around in the capsule. Once they land, a robot, nicknamed the "Rodent Rover," would deliver the prairie dogs to their new digs.

The project would relocate the last, persistent prairie dogs from Boulder County agricultural properties and give them freedom to roam Mars where they would be managed by Boulder County Parks and Outer Space.

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Prairie dogs could be the first mammals to colonize Mars - Left Hand Valley Courier

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Avoid nightly replays of your worst fears with a cooler bedroom, a warm bath and thinking of your favourite person before sleep.

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The pandemic may be slowly slogging toward a merciful end but for some, the anxiety-induced nightmares wont be fading to black anytime soon.

The ongoing existential threat posed by the virus has left large segments of the population struggling to cope with previously unseen levels of stress that combined with ensuing changes to sleeping patterns can produce disturbing quarandreams.

This is something that weve seen in other traumatic events that occur around the world and in our country, Raj Dasgupta, a sleep specialist and assistant professor of clinical medicine at the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, told CNN. So the fact that were having more nightmares during this pandemic doesnt surprise me.

The restlessness began just over a year ago as waves of lockdowns freed many from the monotony of their daily commute, leaving them willing and able to stay up later than they otherwise might. The longer one sleeps in, the more likely they are to experience deeper stages of REM sleep, the time the brain uses to process and store memories from the previous day.

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It has also led to some really strange dreams, said Deidre Barrett, an assistant professor at Harvard Medical School who designed a quiz to get a better sense of how the pandemic is pestering people after hours. There are armies of cockroaches racing at the dreamer, she said. There are masses of wriggling worms; there were some grasshoppers with vampire fangs; there are bed bugs, stink bugs.

Metaphors for the pandemic were hard to miss, she said, unleashing massive devastation in the form of tornadoes and tsunamis, hurricanes and earthquakes and unsurprisingly given the source the arrival of mass shooters. Other nightmares focused on the sensation of being trapped or caught in public without a mask, unable to avoid the constant coughs of other people.

Some were far, far worse. There was a woman who in reality was homeschooling her child, but she dreamed that someone had decided that her childs entire class had to come and live with her, Barret said. People who are sheltering at home alone will dream that theyve been locked up in prison, or one woman was sent to Mars by herself to establish the first one-person Mars colony.

Another common theme was a terrifying inability to help a loved one overcome the crisis. They tend to involve taking care of someone whos dying of COVID-19, and theyre trying to do something like put a patient on a respirator, or get the tube reattached thats come off a respirator, or the respirator machines are not working, Barrett said. So they feel like its their responsibility to save this persons life and yet they dont actually have much control over it and the person is dying anyway. Thats their nightmare. Its the worst moment from their daytime experiences.

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Even as the world inches its way out of the pandemic, front-line workers and patients lucky enough to check out of the hospital will likely be dealing with PTSD-like symptoms for years to come.

Im an ICU doctor, Dasgupta said. Patients are not on the ventilator for days were often talking weeks to months. Theyre on medications, theyre lonely, its scary, so of course, they have post-traumatic stress nightmares.

To avoid a nightly replay of some of your worst fears, Rebecca Robbins, an associate scientist at Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston who studies sleep, recommends turning down the temperature before you turn off the lights. Weve done this experimentally with heat blankets, she said. If we administer heat blankets on people during sleep, we find the dreams are scarier, a little bit more in the nightmare category, and sleep is more fragmented.

If the cooler climate doesnt help, Robbins recommends talking to your doctor because depression, anxiety or the drugs used to treat either could be to blame. There are some medications that do cause hallucinations and nightmares, she said.

Its also important to prepare your body for sleep by leaving the screens on the other side of the bedroom door, taking a warm bath before bedtime and paying close attention to your sleep environment. You can even encourage your mind to cue up better content, Barret said. Think of what you would like to dream about. You could pick out a person youd like to see in your dream tonight, or a favourite place. If its a general one, like a person or place, just visualize that person or place, she said.

If you have a particular favourite dream youre focusing on, you might try to replay that in detail before falling asleep, and that would make you likelier to have a similar dream. That makes it likelier that youll dream about that content and it also makes it less likely youll have anxiety dreams.

DaveYasvinskiis a writer withHealthing.ca

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'Quarandreams' with calamities are keeping us up - Edmonton Journal

By Louise Carroll| Special to The Ledger

SpaceX crew astronauts discuss journey to ISS

SpaceX crew astronauts had their first press conference from orbit on Thursday. They described Sunday nights launch and their first impressions of the space station, their home until spring. (Nov. 19)

AP

ELLWOOD CITYMary Kaye Houk Hagenbuch met her first astronaut when she was a student at Grove City College, and she is still meeting them.

"In the late 1980s, I metHarrison Schmitt, from the last manned Apollo 17 mission to the moon," the Ellwood City area native said recently. "I was inspired by his account of being tasked to find moon rocks to bring back to earth."

Schmitt, a geologistturned astronaut, was the first person to speak a Bible verse aloud on the moon. I will lift up mine eyes unto the hills, from whence comes my help.My help comes from the Lord, maker of heaven and earth. Psalm 121.

Schmitt looked up to see to the ghostly hills of the lunar landscape against the black backdrop of space and drove his lunar rover over the next ridge and was delighted to find a nice big pile of moon rocks that everyone back on Earth was so anxiously hoping for.

As a science teacher for 19 years at the Jupiter Christian School in Palm Beach County, Fla., Hagenbuch has been taking her students to the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex for field trips and meeting astronauts.

"I finally got to touch one of those moon rocks at the Saturn V Rocket exhibit that Schmitt found," she said. "My students and I are surprised to see that the rocks are smooth, dark in color, and wonderfully iridescent."

On March 12, 2020, the last normal day before the lockdown of the schools due to COVID-19, Hagenbuch's class went on itsannual field trip to the Kennedy Space Center.

The tour included an experience of the Apollo 8 firing room that launched the first crewed mission to space, an unveiling of the Atlantis Space Shuttle and a ride on the Space Shuttle Launch simulator.

"We even got to meet Wendy Lawrence, an astronaut who inspired us with stories of her job performing science experiments on the International Space Station," Hagenbuch said.

"I always look forward to meeting another astronaut and hearing of their accomplishments in space exploration. Some of my favorites have been Jim Lovell and Gene Cernan, who both went two times to the moon on Gemini and Apollo missions;JackLousma, who went on Apollo and Shuttle missions to work on Skylab;John McBride;and Nicole Stott," Hagenbuch said."I think my favorite story, by astronaut Mark Lee, involved a science experiment on the International Space Station, testing out the best way to drink a Coke in microgravity by using a nozzle to shoot the soda into your mouth likeReddi-Wip."

Hagenbuch's students have surprised her with their connections to the space program.

"One student had his grandfather join us for the day who pointed out which rockets he had actually built and how many he had blown up before getting it right. Another student invited her father to come tell us about the booster engines that he helped develop that launched the Space Shuttle," Hagenbuch said.

"Another parent spoke to our class about his role in polishing the replacement lens for the Hubble Space Telescope when it was out of focus," she said. "This same parent returned years later to tell us of his part in giving the Mars rover, Perseverance, its ability to 'see'like a self-driving car."

In March 2019, the field trip to Kennedy Space Center just happened to be on the day SpaceX launched a Falcon Heavy Rocket.

"Our students will not soon forget the tremendous vibrations that rattled nearby windows and shook the very ground they stood on," Hagenbuch said. "They watched in awe as the rocket returned minutes later, gently setting down on launchpad via remote control."

In recent months, Hagenbuch's science class has been following the trials and triumphs of SpaceX launching itsSN8,9,10and11 rockets and learning that NASA has partnered with SpaceX and Blue Origins to put a permanent colony, along with the first woman on the moon, by 2024. This is the new Artemis mission.

"The space program is preparing for careers in a world with daily rocket launches, lunar coloniesand satellites that will launch rockets to Mars.What a time to be a science teacher," Hagenbuch said.

The Feb.7, 2010, Space Shuttle Endeavor that was launched at night for a 13-day flight to the International Space Station was a special time for Hagenbuch.

"One of my treasured memories was watching this last Space Shuttle launch at night," she said. "My family and I sat on the beach and watched the glowing, red fireballarcout over the Atlantic Ocean at 17,500 mph."

The family group included Hagenbuch's parents, Jim and Kaye Houk of Ellwood City.

"I had often seen the TV pictures of the launches with people lined up along the roads to watch and never thought I would see one. It was spectacular, awesome," Kaye Houk said.

Jim Houk said that by the time they drove the 1 mile back to Hagenbuch's home, the rocket was already passing over London.

Mary Kaye Hagenbuch and her students can look out their classroom windows and see science and history happening.

"Jupiter is just two hours south of Cape Canaveral, so my students and I have had the amazing privilege of watching the Space Shuttles and now SpaceX rocket launches out of our classroom window," shesaid.

In 1986, Hagenbuch graduated from Lincoln High School and entered the engineering program at Grove City College, but ended with a teaching degree in 1990. Her husband, Robert, teaches geography at Jupiter High School;their older son, Samuel, teaches physics, engineeringand earth science at Jupiter High School;and their younger son, Stephen,is currently enrolled in Metropolitan State University in Denver to earn his teaching degree.

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Space mission: Former Ellwood woman teaches students about trips beyond Earth - Ellwood City Ledger

The closest place in the universe where extraterrestrial life might exist is Mars, and human beings are poised to attempt to colonize this planetary neighbor within the next decade. Before that happens, we need to recognize that a very real possibility exists that the first human steps on the Martian surface will lead to a collision between terrestrial life and biota native to Mars.

If the red planet is sterile, a human presence there would create no moral or ethical dilemmas on this front. But if life does exist on Mars, human explorers could easily lead to the extinction of Martian life. As an astronomer who explores these questions in my book Life on Mars: What to Know Before We Go, I contend that we Earthlings need to understand this scenario and debate the possible outcomes of colonizing our neighboring planet in advance. Maybe missions that would carry humans to Mars need a timeout.

Where life could be

Life, scientists suggest, has some basic requirements. It could exist anywhere in the universe that has liquid water, a source of heat and energy, and copious amounts of a few essential elements, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and potassium.

Mars qualifies, as do at least two other places in our solar system. Both Europa, one of Jupiters large moons, and Enceladus, one of Saturns large moons, appear to possess these prerequisites for hosting native biology.

I suggest that how scientists planned the exploratory missions to these two moons provides valuable background when considering how to explore Mars without risk of contamination.

Cassini shot this false-color image of jets erupting from the southern hemisphere of Enceladus on Nov. 27, 2005. Credit: NASA/JPL/Space Science Institute, CC BYBelow their thick layers of surface ice, both Europa and Enceladus have global oceans in which 4.5 billion years of churning of the primordial soup may have enabled life to develop and take root. NASA spacecraft have even imaged spectacular geysers ejecting plumes of water out into space from these subsurface oceans.

To find out if either moon has life, planetary scientists are actively developing the Europa Clipper mission for a 2020s launch. They also hope to plan future missions that will target Enceladus.

Taking care to not contaminate

Since the start of the space age, scientists have taken the threat of biological contamination of other worlds seriously. As early as 1959, NASA held meetings to debate the necessity of sterilizing spacecraft that might be sent to other worlds. Since then, all planetary exploration missions have adhered to sterilization standards that balance their scientific goals with limitations of not damaging sensitive equipment, which could potentially lead to mission failures. Today, NASA protocols exist for the protection of all solar system bodies, including Mars.

Since avoiding the biological contamination of Europa and Enceladus is an extremely well-understood, high-priority requirement of all missions to the Jovian and Saturnian environments, their moons remain uncontaminated.

NASAs Galileo mission explored Jupiter and its moons from 1995 until 2003. Given Galileos orbit, the possibility existed that the spacecraft, once out of rocket propellant and subject to the whims of gravitational tugs from Jupiter and its many moons, could someday crash into and thereby contaminate Europa.

Cassinis Grand Finale ended with the spacecraft burning up in Saturns atmosphere.Such a collision might not occur until many millions of years from now. Nevertheless, though the risk was small, it was also real. NASA paid close attention to guidance from the National Academies Committee on Planetary and Lunar Exploration, which noted serious national and international objections to the possible accidental disposal of the Galileo spacecraft on Europa.

To completely eliminate any such risk, on Sept. 21, 2003, NASA used the last bit of fuel on the spacecraft to send it plunging into Jupiters atmosphere. At a speed of 30 miles per second, Galileo vaporized within seconds.

Fourteen years later, NASA repeated this protect-the-moon scenario. The Cassini mission orbited and studied Saturn and its moons from 2004 until 2017. On Sept. 15, 2017, when fuel had run low, on instructions from NASA Cassinis operators deliberately plunged the spacecraft into Saturns atmosphere, where it disintegrated.

But what about Mars?

Mars is the target of seven active missions, including two rovers, Opportunity and Curiosity. In addition, on Nov. 26 NASAs InSight mission is scheduled to land on Mars, where it will make measurements of Mars interior structure. Next, with planned 2020 launches, both ESAs ExoMars rover and NASAs Mars 2020 rover are designed to search for evidence of life on Mars.

The good news is that robotic rovers pose little risk of contamination to Mars, since all spacecraft designed to land on Mars are subject to strict sterilization procedures before launch. This has been the case since NASA imposed rigorous sterilization procedures for the Viking Lander Capsules in the 1970s, since they would directly contact the Martian surface. These rovers likely have an extremely low number of microbial stowaways.

The Curiosity rover was tested under clean conditions on Earth before launch to prevent microbial stowaways. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech, CC BYAny terrestrial biota that do manage to hitch rides on the outside of those rovers would have a very hard time surviving the half-year journey from Earth to Mars. The vacuum of space combined with exposure to harsh X-rays, ultraviolet light and cosmic rays would almost certainly sterilize the outsides of any spacecraft sent to Mars.

Any bacteria that sneaked rides inside one of the rovers might arrive at Mars alive. But if any escaped, the thin Martian atmosphere would offer virtually no protection from high energy, sterilizing radiation from space. Those bacteria would likely be killed immediately. Because of this harsh environment, life on Mars, if it currently exists, almost certainly must be hiding beneath the planets surface. Since no rovers have explored caves or dug deep holes, we have not yet had the opportunity to come face-to-drill-bit with any possible Martian microbes.

Given that the exploration of Mars has so far been limited to unmanned vehicles, the planet likely remains free from terrestrial contamination.

But when Earth sends astronauts to Mars, theyll travel with life support and energy supply systems, habitats, 3-D printers, food and tools. None of these materials can be sterilized in the same ways systems associated with robotic spacecraft can. Human colonists will produce waste, try to grow food and use machines to extract water from the ground and atmosphere. Simply by living on Mars, human colonists will contaminate Mars.

Cant turn back the clock after contamination

Space researchers have developed a careful approach to robotic exploration of Mars and a hands-off attitude toward Europa and Enceladus. Why, then, are we collectively willing to overlook the risk to Martian life of human exploration and colonization of the red planet?

Scientists hypothesize that dark narrow streaks were formed by briny liquid water necessary for life flowing down the walls of a crater on Mars. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/Univ. of Arizona, CC BYContaminating Mars isnt an unforeseen consequence. A quarter century ago, a National Research Council report entitled Biological Contamination of Mars: Issues and Recommendations asserted that missions carrying humans to Mars will inevitably contaminate the planet.

I believe its critical that every attempt be made to obtain evidence of any past or present life on Mars well in advance of future missions to Mars that include humans. What we discover could influence our collective decision whether to send colonists there at all.

Even if we ignore or dont care about the risks a human presence would pose to Martian life, the issue of bringing Martian life back to Earth has serious societal, legal and international implications that deserve discussion before its too late. What risks might Martian life pose to our environment or our health? And does any one country or group have the right to risk back contamination if those Martian lifeforms could attack the DNA molecule and thereby put all of life on Earth at risk?

But players both public NASA, United Arab Emirates Mars 2117 project and private SpaceX, Mars One, Blue Origin already plan to transport colonists to build cities on Mars. And these missions will contaminate Mars.

Some scientists believe they have already uncovered strong evidence for life on Mars, both past and present. If life already exists on Mars, then Mars, for now at least, belongs to the Martians. Mars is their planet, and Martian life would be threatened by a human presence there.

Does humanity have an inalienable right to colonize Mars simply because we will soon be able to do so? We have the technology to use robots to determine whether Mars is inhabited. Do ethics demand that we use those tools to answer definitively whether Mars is inhabited or sterile before we put human footprints on the Martian surface?

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Colonizing Mars means contaminating Mars and never knowing for sure if it had its own native life SoccerNurds - SoccerNurds