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Daily Archives: February 22, 2021
The Plan to Rear Fish on the Moon – Hakai Magazine
Posted: February 22, 2021 at 2:25 pm
Article body copy
The seabass eggs, all 200 of them, were settled in their module and ready to go. The ground crew had counted the eggs carefully, checked each for an embryo, and sealed them tightly within a curved dish filled precisely to the brim with seawater.
The countdown, and thenignition! For two full minutes, the precious eggs suffered a riotous shaking as the rockets engines exploded to life, followed by another eight minutes of heightened juddering as they ascended to the heavens. These embryonic fish were on their way to low Earth orbit. Next stop: the moon.
Well, they havent actually left yet. But after a recent simulation designed to re-create the intense shaking of a typical takeoff, researchers in France found that the eggs survived the ordeal well. Its a crucial discovery in the progress of the Lunar Hatch, a program that aims to determine whether astronauts could successfully rear fish on a future moon base.
Ultimately, Cyrille Przybyla, an aquaculture researcher at the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea who led the research, dreams of designing a lunar fish farm that uses water already on the moon to help feed residents of the future Moon Village set to be established by the European Space Agency (ESA). The Lunar Hatch project is just one of around 300 ideas currently under evaluation by the ESA, and may or may not be selected for the final mission. Przybylas hope, though, is to offer lunar residents fresh, appetizing, protein-rich foodnot just packets of freeze-dried grub.
I proposed the idea to send eggs, not fish, because eggs and embryos are very strong, says Przybyla.
His experiments so far suggest that he is right. However, his teams research has also suggested that not all fish are equally spaceworthy.
To begin their search for the perfect astro-fish to serve on the moon, Przybyla and his colleagues whittled down a list of hundreds of species to just a handfulthose with modest oxygen requirements, low carbon dioxide output, a short hatching time, and a resistance to charged particles, since life forms are exposed to radiation during space travel. They then decided to probe the integrity of eggs produced by two speciesEuropean seabass and meagre.
Beakers containing the eggs were initially jiggled using a standard piece of lab equipment called an orbital shaker. They passed this first test. Then, they were exposed to much stronger vibrations using a different machine that shook them in a special sequence designed to simulate the launch of a Russian Soyuz rocket. The team argues that no spaceflight would ever induce juddering more extreme than that.
After shaking, 76 percent of the seabass eggs went on to hatch, a result that wasnt far off the 82 percent success rate of unshaken control samples. Compared to seabass, meagre eggs did even better: 95 percent of the shaken eggs hatched as opposed to 92 percent of those in the control group.
It was completely crazy, says Przybyla in delight. The environment was very hard for these eggs.
Przybyla suspects that, having evolved to withstand the adversities of aquatic environmentswhere they might endure strong currents, waves, and collisions with hard surfacesthe fish eggs are naturally space-ready.
Besides the nutritional boon of moon-farmed fish fillets, Przybyla suggests there will be other benefits for astronauts who may one day find themselves rearing animals in space.
From the psychological point of view, its better to have a reminder of Earthyou have a garden, you have a tank with fish, he says.
Luke Roberson, a researcher at NASAs Kennedy Space Center in Florida, agrees. Astronauts living on the International Space Station regularly spend time tending to and visiting the plants they grow on board, he says.
Add to that a pet fish or pet invertebrateit adds another level of psychological benefit. That makes it feel more human, says Roberson.
Designing self-contained and self-supporting systems for food production beyond Earth will be crucial for future space exploration programs, he adds. And he says Przybylas study is a great first step toward showing that aquaculture is a viable part of that future.
Roberson also points out that seabass is an interesting choice because the species is tolerant to varying levels of salinity. That might make it easier to accommodate them despite the moons limited water. And, he adds, the seabass could potentially be supplied with wastewater from other moon base systems that use water from the lunar environment to produce hydrogen-based rocket fuel.
However, there could be an even more appropriate choice of lunar seafood out there. Roberson and colleagues recently considered the pros and cons of various species as candidates for off-world aquaculture. Invertebrates, such as mussels and shrimp, it turns out, might be an even better bet than seabass: Vertebrate species take up a lot of spaceand they dont provide the caloric intake per mass, says Roberson.
Celestial prawn cocktail, anyone?
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MEP breaks ranks and hits out at dithering eurocrats over delay to crunch Brexit vote – Daily Express
Posted: at 2:25 pm
Dutch socialist Kati Piri told an online event that the European Parliament has everything in place to ratify the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement this week. The process is currently held up because the European Council and Commission are still translating the 1,246-page treaty into the blocs more than 20 official languages. Eurocrats were meant to have completed this task before February 28, a deadline agreed with the UK, so MEPs could cast the deciding vote to greenlight the future relationship pact.
But they have applied to Britain for an extension amid fears that the legal document wont be ready in all of the EUs languages before April 30.
Ms Piri told reporters that she would be less diplomatic in reviewing the current hold-up.
She added: We are ready to vote.
The European Parliament has finalised the scrutiny process with 16 opinion-giving committeesin the lead with the international trade and foreign affairs committees, we have everything prepared to go to a vote.
If we need to, we could still do it this week but we are waiting for the official referral from the Council.
Despite playing a leading role in the EU Parliaments scrutiny of the Brexit trade treaty, Ms Piri may miss the vote as she is contesting the Dutch national elections on March 17.
I am not even sure I can vote on the report on which we have been working on for almost a year, she said.
German MEP David McAllister, the EU Parliaments Brexit co-ordinator, said the Commission had put in a request to extend provisional application of the treaty until April 30.
This means both sides would still benefit from zero-tariff, zero-quota trade despite the pact not being fully legally ratified.
Mr McAllister added: This is a legal requirement that would ensure that all authentic linguistic versions are available before the agreement is formally concluded.
The decision on whether to allow the EUs extension request will be taken by Cabinet Office Minister Michael Gove, who remains in interim charge of the Partnership Council until Lord Frost, the Prime Ministers chief negotiator, takes over on March 1.
The Peer has previously questioned why Brussels should be given extra time to complete the process.
MUST READ:Brexit threatens EU unity: 'Now we are alone with France!'
The DUP and other unionist politicians issued the action in response to trade disruptions between the region and mainland Britain.
In response, a Commission spokesman said: We are fully committed to the Good Friday Belfast Agreement and to the proper implementation of the protocol on Ireland and Northern Ireland protecting the gains of the peace process, protecting and maintaining stability and avoiding a hard border on the island of Ireland.
EU and UK officials are due to meet this week to discuss potential solutions for ending the tensions in the region.
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Brexit rebellion: Isle of Man goes rogue on fishing EU ships welcomed in ‘petty’ move – Daily Express
Posted: at 2:25 pm
It has emerged the Crown Dependency, which is not part of the UK but often aligns policies and agreements, have had individual discussions with Brussels counterparts regarding fishing.The move has been branded petty and "indefensible" by Environment Secretary George Eustice.
Chief Minister Howard Quayle said any EU vessel that wishes to fish in UK waters in the future will have to prove a track record of fishing in Manx Waters in order to get a licence.
Under the new rules, EU vessels would have to prove a track record of 10 days fishing in any of the three 12-month periods prior to January 2020.
The British Crown Dependency also maintains the right to set its own catch limits and conservation measures for certain fisheries including scallops.
Island fish producers will also be able to import their products to the EU without facing tariffs, which is worth around 20million a year.
UK-registered vessels are already licensed and regulated by the Isle of Man government.
Mr Quayle said the subject of fishing had caused much debate and emotion on the Island.
Speaking in the Tynwald, the Chief Minister said the EU had demanded access to Manx waters stressing without access for bloc vessels, there would be difficulty exporting island goods.
He added: I know that some people would have wanted a future where no foreign vessels were able to fish in our waters.
READ MORE:Vaccine passport bombshell: Pubs could be off limits without a jab
But Dr David Beard, chief executive of the Manx Fish Producers Organisation, expressed concerns at the huge amounts of paperwork required to export to the EU.
He said: We are having to spend far more money on paperwork than we did before.
The key is that there is still no hospitality market for our products so it is still going through supermarkets or through other retail and obviously the volume of sales has dropped off mainly because of Covid.
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Here we go! UK hails ‘Amazonian Brexit boost’ from bumper 6billion Brazilian trade deal – Daily Express
Posted: at 2:25 pm
Ministers have announced a Memorandum of Understanding agreement which will boost bilateral trade and economic relations with Brazil. The deal will help to open up the country to the UK with trade officials hailing it as an Amazonian Brexit boost.
Initially, under the agreement, a forum for debates related to the interests of both countries will be established which includes "developing trade agreements for the future", Whitehall officials toldExpress.co.uk.
Bilateral consultations on issues related to trade in agricultural goods will also take place through a Joint Agriculture Committee (CCA) to cut red tape on exports such as Beef.
Trade between both countries is worth 6billion a year whilst Brazilian agribusiness exports to the United Kingdom are worth 710million a year.
Tereza Cristina, Brazils Minister of Agriculture, who struck the agreement with Environment Secretary George Eustice said: We have a lot of things to change.
We are very interested in this partnership, but we have to have the balance so that we can walk more and more together."
Ms Cristina stressed the joint committee's objective was to reduce bureaucracy and speed up trade interactions between the two countries.
She continued We expect that, over time, without abandoning its high standards, the UK, in its technical standards, will become more aligned with international rules, closer to science-based approaches.
A Defra spokesperson, said: Creating the Joint Agriculture Committee reinforces our commitment to support and develop agribusiness - and will facilitate discussion and collaboration between the two countries on sustainable agricultural and food trade issues.
READ MORE:Vaccine passport bombshell: Pubs could be off limits without a jab
Financial sector development, higher education provision, taxation issues and intellectual property protection were also talked about.
Robert Dickson, British High Commissioner to Bangladesh, said: The UK is committed to working with Bangladesh to create a trade and investment relationship that helps both of our economies grow. Foreign Investment can provide jobs, transfer skills and generate revenue.
A conducive business environment and removal of market access barriers can benefit both countries.
Dr Jafar Uddin, Secretary of the Ministry of Commerce for Bangladesh, said: This dialogue will pave the way for our products, services and professionals to penetrate the UK market and contribute to increased investment in Bangladesh and expand our exports.
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A trade deal with India is the great Brexit prize that could determine the Wests fate – Telegraph.co.uk
Posted: at 2:25 pm
Liz Truss was in India earlier this month, preparing the ground for a visit by Boris Johnson. The unstoppable Yorkshirewoman has concluded trade agreements with 64 states over the past two years not counting the deal with the EU itself and is currently negotiating with Australia andNew Zealand, exploring talks with the Gulf states and Mercosur, and applying to join the Pacific trade nexus, the CPTPP. But India is in a special category economically, geopolitically and, yes, sentimentally.
Lets start with the economics. For the first half century after independence, India was a largely closed economy. That stylised blue wheel in the middle of its flag, the chakra? It evolved from the spinning wheel in the Congress Party banner. For Gandhi, independence was bound up with the idea of making cloth from traditional handlooms rather than importing textiles from Lancashire. For decades afterwards, partly because of Gandhis status, self-rule and self-sufficiency were treated as inextricable.
Only at the end of the twentieth century did India begin to open up starting with countries in its immediate vicinity. It has since signed trade deals with Japan and ASEAN, but not with any Western state. Britain, consequently, was barely affected by the growth that followed from Indias liberalisation. Since the year 2000, our share of Indias imported goods has fallen from 6 to 1.3 per cent, and of services from 11 to 2.1 per cent.
Yet if any Western country is positioned to have a mutually beneficial trade deal with India, it is surely the UK, home to 1.5 million people of Indian descent. Many of our most successful entrepreneurs are of Indian background, and British brands from Jaguar cars to Tetley tea have attracted Indian buyers. We might think of JCB as the quintessential British firm dependable, patriotic, the first company that many little boys put a name to. But many Indians think of it rather in the way that they think of cricket as an Indian institution that happens, almost accidentally, to have originated in Britain.
Removing tariffs will bring benefits both ways. Gandhi would be astonished to learn that it is now Indian textiles that are hit by tariffs as they enter the UK 9.6 per cent on mens shirts, for example. Whisky, meanwhile, attracts an almost unbelievable 150 per cent tariff when sold to India. But, though tariff reduction is always and everywhere desirable, the bigger gains will be in the liberalisation of legal and financial services, facilitated investment and the mutual recognition of qualifications. Tech, coding and engineering are among the many instances of where our economies are naturally complementary.
That complementarity derives, ultimately, from the fact that India, like Britain, is an Anglophone, common law, parliamentary nation which might just prove the single most important geopolitical fact of the twenty-first century.
The pandemic has accelerated the shift in power from the West to China the only major economy that is significantly larger than it was a year ago. Whether that shift also means a more authoritarian world depends largely on whether India self-defines primarily as an English-speaking democracy or as an Asian superpower.
Boris Johnson, whose children are partly of Indian descent, understands the subtleties better than any other leader, and wisely wants to turn the G7 bloc into a D10 (D for democracies) by adding India, Australia and South Korea.
It is true that Britains relationship with India was not always easy, and the intellectual currents that have led to statue-smashing here are felt, too, on the subcontinent. Yet there is also an unmistakeable affinity and affection between the two countries an affection that the free world may yet have cause to appreciate.
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JJ Redick whistled for bizarre ejection during Pelicans’ record comeback win over Celtics – Yahoo Sports
Posted: at 2:24 pm
The New Orleans Pelicans picked up a wild win over the Boston Celtics on Sunday.
In the process, they lost shooting guard JJ Redick to one of the more bizarre ejections of the NBA season.
In the midst of rallying from a 24-point second-half deficit, Redick picked up a pair of technical fouls that resulted in an early trip to the locker room. The first occurred with 11:42 remaining in the fourth quarter.
With the Pelicans on offense, Redick appeared to believe that he got fouled on a pass and immediately turned around to complain to official Josh Tiven. Whatever Redick said, Tiven didn't appreciate it. He waited for the play to end with a Zion Williamson layup and whistled Redick for a technical foul.
On the next Pelicans possession, Redick drew a foul that was called at the top of the key. At the stoppage in play, he passed the ball to Tiven, who immediately whistled Redick for his second technical foul, which comes with an automatic ejection.
Redick briefly protested before leaving to the locker room.
So what happened there? Audio and video from the game broadcast doesn't indicate that Redick said anything to Tiven before the second technical. On his pass, he put some English on the ball, which bounced at an angle and hit Tiven in his left leg.
Tiven said after the game that the "force" of the pass drew the whistle.
"The second technical was for throwing the ball in the direction of an official with force," Tiven told reporters.
As for the first? Redick used profanity directed at an official in resentment to a no call, per Tiven.
Story continues
Sunday wasn't the first time this month he's drawn the ire of an NBA player. Trae Young lit into Tiven after not getting a foul call in a critical late-game situation in a Feb. 10 Atlanta Hawks loss to the Dallas Mavericks.
JJ Redick picked up two quick technical fouls on Sunday. (Sean Gardner/Getty Images/file)
The loss of Redick didn't hurt the Pelicans. It might have even sparked them. New Orleans trailed, 79-55 with 6:27 left in the third quarter, appearing well on their way to a home loss. But from that point, they outscored the Celtics by 24 points in regulation to force overtime, where they secured a 120-115 victory.
New Orleans cut the 24-point deficit in half by the time Redick got ejected and went on to dominate the fourth quarter with a 34-21 advantage on the scoreboard. Redick struggled from the field on Sunday, hitting 1 of 4 field goals while missing all three of his 3-point attempts.
He may have added more value in firing up his teammates than with his play on the court.
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‘Never seen that’: Sporting world stunned by extraordinary scenes – Yahoo Sport Australia
Posted: at 2:24 pm
An aerial view of the Vegas Golden Knights and Colorado Avalanche playing the NHL Outdoors game at Lake Tahoe. (Photo by Ezra Shaw/Getty Images)
The sporting world melted down over stunning scenes at Lake Tahoe on Saturday as the NHL attempted to hold its first-ever game outdoors.
Unfortunately for players and fans, the ice also melted down under the bright sunshine.
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The finish to the NHL Outdoors game between the Vegas Golden Knights and Colorado Avalanche was postponed nearly eight hours due to player safety issues.
Colorado defenseman Samuel Girard opened the scoring only three minutes into the contest, but the game had to be halted after the first period.
With the Avalanche ahead 1-0, sunshine melted the ice and caused poor skating conditions and posed too great a risk of injury.
"We concluded after consulting with our ice-makers and both teams that we didn't think it was safe and appropriate to continue playing this game at this time," NHL commissioner Gary Bettman said.
The second period start was pushed back nearly eight hours to 9pm local time.
Before the postponement, fans flocked to social media in awe of the mind-blowing scenes.
Its even more beautiful in person
Danett Michelini (@DanettM) February 20, 2021
Only place Ive ever been that cant be done justice in any photos. Theres a reason they named the ski resort Heavenly.
Jeff Kents Lonely Unwashed Pickup Truck (@FiddySicks) February 20, 2021
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A special rink was assembled on the 18th hole of a lakeside golf course to create the unique atmosphere, with mountains in the background and boaters watching on the water a short walk away.
However no spectators were allowed on site due to COVID-19.
The matchup was the first of a double-header that concludes on Sunday with the Boston Bruins facing the Philadelphia Flyers, their start being delayed to Sunday night.
"We've done more than 30 outdoor games. This has been the most difficult weather circumstance we've had and it's a beautiful day," said Bettman. "We knew unabated sunshine was a problem."
Bettman said players were divided over returning to play as planned or waiting.
The Vegas Golden Knights and Colorado Avalanche in action during the NHL Outdoors game. (Photo by Christian Petersen/Getty Images)
"You've got to do the prudent thing," he said. "We're all disappointed. You can't have success if you don't risk failure."
Avalanche captain Gabriel Landeskog, a Swedish left winger, said Colorado was ready to keep going but it was probably wiser to wait and resume under the lights.
"That first period was the way it was but some places were slushy," he said. "We were ready to go out. We wanted to go out, but it's probably for the best.
"We'll take it in stride and try to pick up where we left off. It'll be one to remember for sure."
Colorado played in "throwback" uniforms featuring the logo of the Quebec Nordiques, the identity of the club before it moved from Canada to Denver in 1995.
Two outdoor games originally planned for 2021 were scrapped because of the pandemic.
St Louis was to have played Minnesota at Target Field baseball park in Minneapolis on January 1 and the Carolina Hurricanes were to have hosted a game at a college football stadium on Saturday.
with AFP
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'Never seen that': Sporting world stunned by extraordinary scenes - Yahoo Sport Australia
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Polygamy is not under Thai law, but the lifestyle is still practiced – The Thaiger
Posted: at 2:24 pm
While polygamy in Thailand isnt as prevalent as it was a century ago and the marriages arent recognised under Thai law, the lifestyle is still practiced by some. Thai media reporters recently interviewed a polygamous trio and apparently life is good, according to the husband with 2 wives. The wives didnt seem to do much talking in the interview.
Reporters from the Thai news outlet Sanook spoke with 44 year old Wacharatorn Tum Sironam about his taboo family arrangement. The trio have been living together for 7 years. Tum says his family is perfectly happy, they have no arguments and they work together to care for Tums 4 children, 2 from each wife.
Tum has nicknames for his wives which translate to big wife and little wife. In the past, Thai law assigned women in polygamy marriages a certain category.
Polygamy in Thailand could be freely practiced before 1 October 1935. Polygamy was recognised under civil law. The old family law assigned wives to three categories, in accordance with the way they became wives. (The official wife known as mia klang muang, the minor wife known as mia klang nok, and slave wives known as mia klang thasi.)
While polygamy has since been abolished, it is still alive in Thailand. Wikapedia
Worapat Pla Sroinam, who has been with Tum for 18 years, is called the big wife. Tum says their love has remained strong over the years. One day, Tum told her he wanted another wife to join the family.
Pla was shocked, but said it would be okay as long as Tum loved them both the same, Tum says. He then spoke with Kochakorn Wan Tapchom, admitted that he was married and asked her to be his little wife.
The family now runs a noodle shop in Ratchaburi province, west of Bangkok, where they sell noodle soup for 10 baht. The Pla and Wan each receive 10,000 baht per month to help with the family business.
SOURCE: Thai Residents
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Unsealed court document claims Facebook ‘knew for years’ that a metric was inflated and ignored an employee warning to avoid a revenue hit – Yahoo…
Posted: at 2:24 pm
Facebook executives Mark Zuckerberg and Sheryl Sandberg. Drew Angerer/Getty Images Drew Angerer/Getty Images; The Asahi Shimbun/Getty Images
A judge unredacted parts of a Facebook lawsuit that claims executives knew an ad metric was inflated.
Executives ignored employees' request to fix it to avoid a "significant" sales hit, the suit claims.
Potential reach, the metric under question, shows advertisers a possible audience size.
Visit the Business section of Insider for more stories.
Facebook executives knew for years its "potential reach" advertising metric was inflated and overruled an employee warning to adjust it to avoid a revenue hit, plaintiffs of a lawsuit against the social media giant argued in an unredacted court filing.
On Wednesday, a judge from the US District Court in northern California revealed sections of a court document previously blacked out as part of a class-action lawsuit on behalf of DZ Reserve and other participating plaintiffs that was brought against Facebook in 2018. The lawsuit claims the social media giant inflated its potential reach metric to dupe advertisers.
The newly revealed sections claimed Facebook's chief operating officer, Sheryl Sandberg, acknowledged problems with the potential reach metric in a 2017 internal email. Advertisers "frequently rely on" the metric -- which shows the reachable number of people -- when making purchasing decisions, the lawsuit claims. But employees said the metric in reality measures the number of accounts, which includes duplicate or fake ones, causing it to be misleading.
A product manager proposed amending the metric by reflecting the number of potentially reachable accounts, not people, but Facebook's leadership team rejected the idea because it would cause a "significant" revenue impact, the filing states. The lawsuit claims Facebook discovered removing duplicate or fake accounts from the total number would cause a 10% drop in potential reach numbers.
The employee who proposed the fix said: "It's revenue we should have never made given the fact it's based on wrong data," according to the filing. Other Facebook employees also said the number was misleading.
Story continues
"These documents are being cherry-picked to fit the plaintiff's narrative," Facebook spokesperson Joe Osborne said in an emailed statement to Insider. "'Potential reach' is a helpful campaign planning tool that advertisers are never billed on. It's an estimate, and we make clear how it's calculated in our ads interface and Help Center."
Two years ago, the company adjusted the potential reach metric, the FT reported. Instead of it calculating the number of active users shown an ad in the prior 30 days, Facebook determined the metric by calculating the number of users matching advertiser criteria in that time frame, the report said. The fake and duplicate accounts remained in the overall number, however, the plaintiff claimed.
The company has previously said advertisers pay for actual ad impressions and clicks, not for the potential reach metric, the Financial Times reported. The social media giant has been under fire for its metrics before. In 2019, Facebook settled a lawsuit after disclosing it had inflated viewing time for video ads because of an error in calculating metrics, The Wall Street Journal reported.
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Who are the Dargers? Meet the family on ‘Sister Wives’ who fought to decriminalize polygamy in Utah – MEAWW
Posted: at 2:24 pm
Having friends as a family is important. It allows the parents to chill with adults and for children to make friends their own age, ensuring that everyone gets some time away from each other while still enjoying time as a family. So, when you're a part of a polygamist home, what kind of family friends do you have? The answer is other polygamists, of course.
This episode of 'Sister Wives' sees Kody Brown and his family meet the Dargers, their friends and a polygamist family in Utah. Utah brings out mixed feelings in the hearts of the Browns, seeing that not too long ago they had to leave the state on account of the fact that polygamy is a criminal offense here. However, the Dargers have fought tirelessly to protect their lifestyle. So, who are the Dargers?
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Why did Kody Brown sue the state of Utah? 'Sister Wives' star claimed he was targetted unfairly for polygamy
A fifth-generation polygamist, Joe is an entrepreneur who runs a construction company and a real estate development company. Although only legally married to Alina, he also considers Vicky and Valerie to be his wives. The four of them have 20 children together and five step-children, seeing that Valeries was previously a part of another polygamist family. He is also the grandfather to 17 children.
The family is no stranger to reality TV, seeing that they have been featured on the show before, alongside starring in a documentary titled 'My Three Wives'. Their lives also served as inspiration for the HBO series 'Big Love'.
The Darger family takes the concept of sister wives quite seriously. Joe married cousins Alina and Vicky together, on the same day back in 1990. He then went on to marry Valerie in 2000, who was in a previous marriage but got a divorce. Here's where it gets interesting. Vicky and Valerie are twin sisters. In an article by Huffington Post, Valerie addressed why she married her twin's husband.
"The fact that Joe was married to Vicki didn't bother me at all. I took it as a sign he would be a good husband for me as well," she said, justifying her choice. "As teenagers, Vicki and I liked some of the same guys. I thought it might even be good if we married the same man." Vicki hosts a podcast by the name 'Moms I Love' and also works as a bookkeeper. Valerie and Alina work for a family-owned residential and commercial cleaning service.
The state of Utah recognizes polygamy as a criminal offense. This makes even consenting polygamist families felons who risk being arrested and prosecuted. The issue is far worse than being tried and getting sentenced to jail. Polygamist families are afraid to contact social services or ambulances. Under the banner 'Families not Felons', polygamist families such as the Dargers and the Browns protested it.
In early 2020, polygamy in Utah was decriminalized, allowing these families to live freely. In the past, Joe Darger has even gone as far as to dare prosecutors to charge him. However, as reported bySalt Lake Tribune, the Utah Attorney General's Office maintained that its policy is to not prosecute consenting adults whose only crime is bigamy, seeing that the real issue is polygamists who commit fraud and abuse. But seeing that it is now decriminalized, it looks like the family can live in peace.
Their friends, the Browns, however, have no intention of returning to Utah. At least for now, that is. Seeing that the family is falling apart, only time will tell what lies ahead for the Browns.
Catch new episodes of 'Sister Wives' Season 15 on Sundays at 10/9c on TLC.
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