Monthly Archives: June 2016

Euthanasia and assisted suicide – Arguments – NHS Choices

Posted: June 25, 2016 at 11:01 am

There are arguments both for and against euthanasia and assisted suicide.

Some of the main arguments are outlined below. You should be aware that these arguments do not necessarily represent the opinions or policies of NHS Choices or the Department of Health.

There are twomain types of argument used to support the practices of euthanasia and assisted suicide. They are the:

These arguments are discussed in more detail below.

The ethical argument states thateveryone should beable to choose when and how they want to die, and that they should be able to do so with dignity.

The concept of "quality of life" is an important aspect of this argument. The idea put forward as part of the religious argument against euthanasia and assisted suicide (see below)that life is sacred and is therefore alwaysbetter than deathis rejected. The ethical argumentsuggests that life should only continue as long as a person feels their life is worth living.

For example, someone who supports the use ofeuthanasia or assisted suicide based on the ethical argument may believe that a person should be able to choose to end their life if they are living in intolerable pain and their quality of life is severely diminished.

The pragmatic argument states that many of the practices used inend of life care are a type of euthanasia in all but name.

For example, there is the practice of making a "do not attemptcardiopulmonary resuscitation" (DNACPR)order, where a person requests not to receive treatment if their heart stops beating or they stop breathing.

Critics have argued that DNACPR is a type of passive euthanasia, because a person is denied treatment that could potentially save their life.

Another controversial practice is known as palliative sedation. This is where a person who is experiencing extreme suffering, for which there is no effective treatment, is put to sleep using sedative medication. Palliative sedation is often used to treat burns victims who are expected to die.

While palliative sedation is not directly carried out for the purpose of ending lives, many of the sedatives used carry a risk of speeding up death. Therefore, itcould be argued that palliative sedation is a type of active euthanasia.

The pragmatic argument is that if euthanasia in these forms is being carried outanyway, society might as well legalise it and ensure that it is properly regulated.

It should be stressed, however,that the above interpretations of DNACPR and palliative sedation are very controversial and are not accepted by most doctors, nurses and palliative care specialists.

Read more about thealternatives to euthanasia for responses to these interpretations.

There are four main types of argument used by people who are againsteuthanasia and assisted suicide. They are known as the:

These arguments are described in more detail below.

The most common religious argument is that human beings are the sacred creation of God, so human life is, by extension, sacred.This is known as the "sanctity of life".

Only God should choose when a human life ends, so committing an act of euthanasia or assisting in suicide is acting against the will of God and is sinful.

This beliefor variations of itis shared by many members of the Christian, Jewish and Islamic faiths, although some individuals may personally feel that there are occasions when quality of life becomes more important than sanctity of life.

The issue is more complex in Hinduism and Buddhism.Scholars from both faiths have argued that euthanasia and assisted suicide are ethically acceptable acts in some circumstances, but these views do not have universal support among Hindus and Buddhists.

Some non-religious people may also have similar beliefs based on the view that permitting euthanasia and assisted suicide "devalues" life.

The slippery slope argument is based on the idea that once a healthcare service, and by extension the government, starts killing its own citizens, a line is crossed that should never have been crossed, and a dangerous precedent has been set.

The concern is that a society that allows voluntary euthanasia will gradually change its attitudes to include non-voluntary and then involuntary euthanasia.

Legalised voluntary euthanasia could eventually lead to a wide range of unforeseen consequences, such as the following:

The medical ethics argument,which is similar to the "slippery slope" argument,states that legalising euthanasia would violate one of the most important medical ethics, which, in the words of the International Code of Medical Ethics, is: "A physician shall always bear in mind the obligation to respect human life".

Asking doctors to abandon their obligation to preserve human life could damage the doctor-patient relationship.Hastening death on a regular basis could become a routine administrative task for doctors, leading to a lack of compassion when dealing with elderly, disabled or terminally ill people.

In turn, people with complex health needs or severe disabilities could become distrustful of their doctors efforts and intentions. They may think thattheir doctor would rather "kill them off" than take responsibility for a complex and demanding case.

The alternative argument is that advances in palliative care and mental health treatment mean there is no reason why any person should ever feel that they are suffering intolerably, whether it is physical or mental suffering, or both.

According to this argument,if a person is giventhe right care, in the right environment, there should be no reason why they are unable tohave a dignified and painless natural death.

Page last reviewed: 11/08/2014

Next review due: 11/08/2017

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Euthanasia and assisted suicide - Arguments - NHS Choices

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How Libertarian candidate Gary Johnson hopes to win over …

Posted: at 11:01 am

At 9 p.m. Eastern time Wednesday, Americans can tune in to watch a presidential hopeful who's received significantly less media attention than his bipartisan competitors: Gary Johnson, former Republican governor of New Mexico and 2016 candidate for the Libertarian Party.

Mr. Johnson and his running mate, former Republican Massachusetts Gov. Bill Weld, will field questions from voters in a live town hall event broadcast on CNN and moderated by CNN's Chris Cuomo.

The event is important, in part, because it's an opportunity for Johnson to expand his support among American voters. If Weld and Johnson's support reaches 15 percent, they qualify for the scheduled autumn presidential debates. Current general electionpollsshow the Libertarian candidates drawing about 9 percent overall.

This is Johnson's second run for the Libertarian Party (LP): in 2012, he set the record for most votes earned by a Libertarian candidate in the general election, coming in third with 1.27 million votes more than double what his predecessor, LP candidate Bob Barr, earned in 2008.

Even then, Johnson only earned about 1 percent of the vote.

But interest in the Libertarian Party seems to have surged for the 2016 election, as Johnson prepares to go up against two polarizing candidates with low favorability ratings: presumptive GOP nominee Donald Trump, and presumptive Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton.

Following Mr. Trump's win in Indiana last month, membership applications for the Libertarian Party doubled, the Washington Examiner reported, and Google searches for "Libertarian Party" and "Gary Johnson" skyrocketed, causing conservative news site Breitbart to encourage its readers to "panic."

Libertarians are not conservatives. Theyre not just Republicans repulsed by Trumps racial and religious scapegoating and megalomania," writes David Boaz,executive vice president of the Cato Institute, a libertarian think tank, for The Daily Beast.

The Libertarian Party platform has "for decades" supported ideas that directly contradict traditional conservative stances, such as the legalization of drugs and gay marriage, and opposition to most US wars, Mr. Boaz notes.

But, he continues, "given what Sasse, Romney, and other serious Republicans think of Trump and Clinton, is it hard to imagine that they would prefer Johnson and Weld in the White House?

Johnson's campaign has caught the attention of disenchanted Republicans and Democrats alike, particularly supporters of Sen. Bernie Sanders: a recent Bloomberg poll found that 18 percent of Sanders's supporters say they plan to vote for the Libertarian candidate in November, rather than vote for Hillary Clinton.

Johnson has been more favorably received by the general public than most Libertarian candidates, but many members of the party itself are not quite as enthused. He just barely earned the nomination at the party's convention in May, scraping by with 55.8 percent of the vote on the second ballot, and was booed by the crowd when he voiced support for driver licenses and the 1964 Civil Rights Act.

The Libertarian candidate's support of certain anti-discrimination laws and willingness to talk about issues such as the threat of militant Islamists have also drawn criticism from members of the party. At the same time, these views may make him more palatable to a mainstream audience, says Brian Doherty, senior editor at Reason magazine and author of "Radicals for Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement."

A lot of libertarians in the party, what they really want the most is not someone whos going to get the most votes or raise the most money, but someone who represents their vision of what libertarianism is with clarity and lack of compromise, says Mr. Dohertyin a phone interview with The Christian Science Monitor.

Johnson's self-described "pragmatic" campaigning strategy, which lacks "principled statements" and core libertarian "lingo," has raised concerns from party members who "get the sense that Gary doesn't believe [in a lack of government intervention] as a matter of core principle, that he's just an intelligent guy who happens to notice that most of the time, government doesn't work very well," Doherty says.

However, he points out, Johnson needs to earn million of votes in the general election. There are only about 250,000 voters registered to the Libertarian Party, according to the party's website.

As Johnson's focus changes from getting the Libertarian nomination to earning general election votes, "the party kind of becomes irrelevant," Doherty says. "He can't worry about the party faithful any longer. There's just not enough of them."

Part of Johnson's attempt to appeal to a mainstream audience involves his use of the phrase "fiscally conservative and socially liberal" to describe the party. It's a "best of both worlds" pitch that may appear to describe a lot of Americans.

However, as The Christian Science Monitor's Francine Kiefer reported in May, this ideology may also come with challenges in attracting voters, as Democrats who appreciate Libertarian social stances also value the role of the government in working toward social justice. On the other end of the spectrum, #NeverTrump conservatives may agree with downsizing government and cutting taxes, but might disagree with cutting military spending, as Johnson proposes.

In an election where personalities have taken priority in the media, the demeanor of third-party candidates is bound to play a role, as well as policy.

"[Johnson] doesnt have that sort of fire-behind-the-podium feel that both Trump and Hillary, in different ways, can get. Hes just kind of a really reasonable guy," Doherty says. "He's going to be who he is. And I think he's hoping there's a mass of Americans who want quiet, mellow, and reasonable. We'll find out if he's right or not."

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CNN town hall gives Libertarian Party an unprecedented shot …

Posted: at 11:01 am

ALibertarian Party debate in Las Vegas last month featured Penn Jillette you know, the talking half of Penn & Teller as the moderator. Other questioners included Carrot Top, Drew Carey, Clay Aiken and Arsenio Hall.

The discourse was more substantive than one might have expected no thanks toCarrot Top, who just wanted to know what slogans the candidates might put on Donald Trump-style trucker hats but for a party that wants to be taken seriously in presidential politics, the entertainer-laden event probably didn't advance the cause.

This is why Wednesday's Libertarian town hall live in prime time on CNN is a big deal. It marks the first time Libertarian candidates will participate in a live presidential forum on one of the three major cable news channels. Chris Cuomo, who has moderated town hall events with Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders this election, will run the show, posing questions to Libertarian nominee Gary Johnson and his running mate, Bill Weld, while also fielding inquiries from the audience.

Notably, CNN is billing the questions as being "similar to those posed to the Democratic and Republican candidates during the primaries." In other words, CNN is taking Johnson and Weld seriously for an evening, at least.

The two former governors (Johnson of New Mexico and Weld of Massachusetts) have enjoyed a spike in coverage lately. With the presumptive major-party nominees registering historically bad favorability ratings, the Libertarian ticket which Johnson also led in 2012 is getting more attention than usual. In polls that include him, Johnson's support averages 8.5 percent, according to RealClearPolitics.

[The Libertarian Party: So hot right now]

But much of the coverage has centered not on what Johnson stands for but what effect he might have on Trump and Clinton. Which of the two real contenders is more likely to lose voters to this third-party interloper? Could he somehow prevent either one from winning a majority in the Electoral College by picking off a state or more (Utah anybody)?

Those are worthwhile considerations, but CNN's town hall figures to give the Libertarian nominee an opportunity on a big stage to talk about more than playing spoiler.

"It's sort of a perfect setup for Johnson and Weld to go more in-depth," said Mitchell McKinney, who chairs the communication department at the University of Missouri. "What else do they believe? This will give them a chance to flesh that out."

McKinney has studied presidential debates that include third-party candidates a small sample that includes, most recently, three from 1992, when independent Ross Perot joined Republican President George H.W. Bush and Democratic nominee Bill Clinton. McKinney found that outsiders like Perot are often ignored for long stretches and, when questioned, asked not about their policies but about their credibility as candidates.

A town hall format, with no opponents on the stage, should mitigate the dismissiveness, McKinney said. He added that a good showing by Johnson could help him qualify for general election debates in the fall. Johnson would have to get his poll numbers up to 15 percent.

Larry Diamond, faculty director of the Haas Center for Public Service at Stanford University, is a leading advocate for lowering the threshold to 10 percent. He believes the Commission on Presidential Debates, which sets the rules, is "clearly biased against the entry of a third option." (Commission co-chair Michael McCurry told the "Open Mind" public television program in January that a third candidate "would be welcome in these debates.") Whatever the case, Diamond thinks CNN's decision to host a Libertarian town hall is a "modest but noteworthy development."

"Maybe more significant is that the Libertarian ticket is starting to get more media attention generally," he said.

A CNN spokeswoman did not respond to questions about why the cable channel decided to sponsor the event.

The closest Libertarian candidates have come to the level of exposure they stand to receive Wednesday was a primary debate that aired on tape delay in two parts, a week a part on Fox Business Network in April. Libertarian journalist John Stossel moderated.

"It was John Stossel who first raised the issue about the lack of national media attention the Libertarian Party was receiving," said Bill Shine, senior executive vice president of programming at Fox Business. "And with the growing number of disenfranchised voters, we thought it was important to help viewers vet the candidates before the party tickets were declared. We're flattered that CNN decided to follow our lead months after the fact."

The question for Johnson and Weld is whether others in the media will follow suit. The CNN town hall could signal a new, more legitimate status for the Libertarian candidates in the eyes of the press. Or it could be a novelty event created to fill a slow Wednesday evening between the end of the primaries and the start of the major-party conventions. We'll see.

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Libertarian Party – Facebook

Posted: at 11:01 am

British citizens have decided that they will no longer subsidize the big government, socialist policies of other European countries. Can America do the same?

Today, America provides much of the defense for its NATO "allies". Like the one A student in a group of dunces, America does most of the work in providing defense. Americans pay the most money for defense - more than the next several nations combined.

Because our money is used to provide everyone else's defense, other nations can use their citizen's money on other projects. European welfare, government pensions, government healthcare - all of that is subsidized by Americans.

But we can stop. We don't have to provide for the military defense of the whole world. Each nation is responsible for providing its own defense.

If America leaves NATO, that means Americans will no longer have to fund the military defense of NATO nations. Instead of paying for a military ten times as expensive as what we actually need, we could reduce military spending by 90%. We could massively reduce taxes - and actually become safer, since we would no longer be making enemies through military overreach.

As a nice side bonus, leaving NATO would partially defund European socialism. If European nations had to pay for their own defense, they would not have money for big government socialism.

We can, right now, shut down the vast majority of our foreign military bases, and bring the troops home. We can stop being involved in other countries' civil wars. We can become safer as we stop creating enemies abroad. And we can massively lower taxes, spurring economic growth and creating more American jobs.

The Cold War is over. NATO has done its job. Let other countries pay for their own defense. It's time to leave.

In Liberty,

Arvin Vohra Vice Chair Libertarian National Committee

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Libertarian Party of Florida

Posted: at 11:01 am

The Libertarian Party of Florida (LPF) is the third largest political party in the nation, and is the only true alternative to the Republican/Democrat stranglehold on our economic freedom and individual liberty.

The LPF recognizes that you own your life, and that you are free to pursue happiness in your own way, with extremely limited interference from government. The Libertarian Party of Florida promotes and defends the following principles:

We are building the structure to ensure historic electoral victories in 2016 and beyond. We have the right legislative plan to ensure that government is beholden to the We the People. And we have the right platform to repair the economy and restore our freedoms. We have the candidates on the local, county and state level who will actually uphold and defend the Constitutionnot just talk about it during campaign season.

The LPF has new leadership, a bold vision, and a renewed determination to achieve these goals. All we need now is you!

Become a part of the Libertarian revolution. Join the Libertarian Party of Florida today. Support your local Libertarian candidates. Invest you time to our noble and worthy cause. Donate as much money as you can so that we have the resources to defeat the political ruling class.

With your help, we can ensure our children inherit a State, and a Nation, that would make our Founding Fathers proud.

//

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What is the Golden Rule? (with pictures) – wiseGEEK

Posted: at 11:01 am

anon344607 Post 23

Islam and its holy book are very different from Judaism and Christianity. The book is not a compilation of history by a variety of authors, but regarded as the ultimate and unchangeable word of the Islamic deity. What Mohammed did and said and revealed must be understood in the context that he is proclaimed as the 'seal of prophets'; I.e. the last and final one.

Mohammed's development from inventor and preacher of a new religion, a concoction of Arab paganism, Christianity and Judaism, which he found in his day in Mecca, to that of a successful warlord and godfather of a clan of marauding slavers and robbers, is well reflected when you read the Koran in chronological sequence, not as

It is little wonder that Islam spreads like a wildfire amongst the prison population, as it has a highly developed dualistic morality. Islam sanctifies violence, robbery, theft, rape and murder, as long as it happens to unbelievers, or those who failed in the eyes of the many self-appointed judges.

So don't try looking for a Golden Rule in what Mohammed said, because there is none. The key lies in his deeds.

I can say it where it's understood in simplicity. It's not genetic, it's not science; it is merely a reflection of the people in your life that you learned your behavior from. If you didn't learn it in kindergarten, your parents probably didn't, and your future children won't either. Pretty simple, and those people needing to challenge this probably played alone on the playground!

That post 20 takes a whole lot of faith to believe. No disrespect but that makes no sense at all. If it were genetic, then the will would not come into it. If it is genetic, why do we find so much selfishness in this world?

The golden rule is a clear act of one's will and emotions, and there is nothing scientific about it.

I agree with 19753. "I think it's part of our animal instinct".

Yes, it is genetic. Evolution and its tool "genetics" doesn't give a hoot about values. It only cares about survival and growth of the gene pool. So, in our primitive past, some genes learned that two survived better than one and 100 better than two. It was adaptive through mutations a long time ago.

Societies grew because of the "cooperation wins" mutations long long before capitalism. Capitalism would never have got off the ground without collective effort.

Survival of the fittest is impossible without survival of the gene pool, which constantly gives rise to new genius mutations completely at random.

That is why the so called "1 percent" cannot survive.

The Golden Rule is not an "emotional" idea. It is an expression of evolution.

Where does the Golden Rule appear in the Koran?

Nowhere in the Koran is there an expression of the Golden Rule. Therefore, it is of no importance in Islam and Muslims have no reason to observe it. Since Islam's most important message to humanity (the Noble Koran) does not contain the Golden Rule, it is logical that it was unimportant to Allah. This explains why he entirely omitted it from the Koran. The Golden Rule is held to be central by all religions except Islam. Muslims are surprised to learn their faith does not teach it, but rather, teaches the opposite: to hate infidels 'for the sake of Allah'. That doctrine (of actual hatred towards non-Muslims) is the second

There is, however, a very restricted version of the principle of reciprocity found in the Hadiths. The Hadiths are a subsidiary collection of sayings and acts of Mohammed and his companions. They have much less authority than the Koran, but contain a version of the Golden Rule which applies only among "brother" Muslims. This Islamic "brotherhood rule" is not universal and does not apply to non-Muslims.

Islamic reciprocity is restricted to interactions between Muslim "brothers". (An infidel is not to be addressed as "brother" by a Muslim.)

The Hadith quotes Mohammed as saying: "None of you [truly] believes until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself." (Number 13 of Imam al-Nawawi's "Forty Hadiths.)

Other Hadiths clarify the limitation of reciprocity to relations between Muslim brothers:

Bukhari 9,85,83 Mohammed said: "A Muslim is a brother to other Muslims. He should never oppress them nor should he facilitate their oppression." (Note: but he may oppress infidels.)

Bukhari 8,73,70 Mohammed said: "Harming a Muslim is an evil act; killing a Muslim means rejecting Allah." (Note: but harming or killing an infidel is a mere misdemeanor.)

Finally, the Koran itself makes it clear that brotherhood applies only towards other Muslims: (Koran 48:29) : "Muhammad is the messenger of Allah; and those who are with him are harsh against Unbelievers, (but) compassionate amongst each other."

Such a standard is no higher than that of the mafia or another similar "crime family. Islam does teach this, and there is the proof of it.

Islam divides the entire world into Islam and the Kafirs (unbelievers) and has two separate sets of ethics for each sphere.

The basis of the Golden Rule is the universal equality of all humankind, regardless of their religion, race or origin. It does not say: Do unto some persons as you would have them do unto you, but Do unto all persons as you would have them do unto you.

Islam denies the universality of the Golden Rule because Islam starts with the division of all humanity into two different groups: Islamic and non-Islamic. Every aspect of Islamic ethics is based upon this separation, thus Islam has two different ethical codes. Said another way, Islam has dualistic ethics. Thus, in Islam, "Good" is whatever advances Islam; "Evil" is whatever resists Islam.

In the Koran, the main concern is that of forcing the peoples of the earth to submit to Islam and then keeping them in it, as if in a mental prison. Thus, Allah did not forget to include 164 Koranic verses commanding Muslims to go on jihaad (holy wars of conquest) and many verses commanding Muslims to murder renegades from Islam. Such verses are opposed to and irreconcilable with the Golden Rule. If such angry verses were removed, 61 percent of the Koran, 75 percent of the Sira and 20 percent of the Hadiths would disappear.

Finally, the Koranic concepts of 'kafir' (an impure, subhuman non-Muslim) and 'jihad' (sacred warfare to remove the human rights and civil liberties of kafirs and ethnically cleanse them) entirely preclude the Golden Rule by stating kafirs are unequal to Muslims. The Golden Rule affirms that all people are inherently equal, unlike Islam. A kafir may never be treated equally to a Muslim, nor offered genuine friendship or love.

This is perhaps, the strongest argument that Islam is an exclusive, supremacist cult: The Golden Rule is entirely missing from the Koran, both from the letter as well as the spirit of Islams original texts.

I always thought the golden rule was he who has the gold makes the rules.

2:267

O you who have attained to faith! Spend on others out of the good things which you may have acquired, and out of that which We bring forth for you from the earth; and choose not for your spending the bad things which you yourselves would not accept without averting your eyes in disdain. And know that God is self-sufficient, ever to be praised.

3:92

Never shall you attain to true piety unless you spend on others out of what you like for yourselves; and whatever you spend - verily, God has full knowledge thereof.

The general expression of the Golden Rule is passive, reactive and defensive. In Islam, it is more active, proactive and aggressive.

God taught us

, through the Quran, whom we should spend for: whoever is hungry we are to feed him. God told us only to remain cautious against those who plot and move for our destruction. He nowhere asked us to cease to love them and to be aggressive. --Monem

Why must people have rules?

Do you ever think how rules came to originate? I think order is something that is with us at birth, something that is within us before language is even encrypted into our cerebellum.

But to my conclusion it seems that we have condemned ourselves with our own creations, making our own vision of a perfect world, neglecting the fact that we were brought into this world with it already being perfect in every way. We have created imbalance, and for that there's a price to pay.

"He who owns the most gold makes the rules."

The sad part is that we are the ones who gave and allowed that scrap of metal to have the

Like a child easily hypnotized and amused by its splendor, it's hard to deny the valued story of this obviously worthless metal. The only valuable thing behind this was the effort it took to obtain it. But then again, the grand majority of us let a piece of paper dictate the trajectory we are to walk. So it seems like the sadness is still growing without boundaries. Go beyond words.

He who owns the most gold, makes the rules.

As a Muslim, I have always followed the Golden Rule, in the good way.

When I was young, I attended many funerals of different religions. A neighbor is a neighbor regardless of their belief and practice and we have always lived in tolerance of our neighbors, even when they would do mean things to us. We turned the other cheek and had faith in God.

In the lamentations of the grieving, I would hear the same "Had I known you would die, I would..." and all the best of wishes.

While we are alive, we should make the most of being good to each other, as we are brothers and sisters in humanity.

I personally greet people with a smile

There have been too many misunderstandings of the past history, and too much deception and deliberate maligning of the current. The righteous servants of God have been through similar persecutions and will have their reward with God. He sees and hears all of his creations.

I call on people to read and understand the 10 Commandments. Change starts within the self. We spend so much time cleaning our homes,and clothing, and outer bodies, but our hearts are festering with evil thoughts of people -- envy and jealousy, anger and hatred -- very destructive emotions. The heart is the seat of knowledge and feelings, and a diseased one causes the entire body to suffer. God is best to guide.

The rule is self serving, people seem to choose to interpret to their advantage (as with laws). It's not about this or that action, but about the end result of an action.

You may like to pick fights but you may not like someone to do something against your will, either. Simply put, if you think your actions might be perceived as negative by others, then don't do it because you wouldn't want someone doing something to you that you perceived as negative.

We cannot limit the rule to certain actions because the list will go on forever and inevitably exclude something. That's what laws are for; they only talk about actions, so the wise/bad people can circumvent them.

Quote "It is an accepted assumption among theologians and religious historians that Jesus Christ was influenced by Socrates and Plato. He was obviously familiar with both of these philosophers as were all of the learned thinkers of his day."

I dispute this. There is no proof, no evidence, and given the background to the bible, no logic either.

My father loved to cause others pain, and he loved to have pain inflicted on him as well, whether fist fights, arguing, and all manner of things like this. The golden rule would suggest he go out and start fist fights, which he did do fairly often. He believed strongly in the golden rule.

I think the golden rule has some serious flaws when it basically says you should treat others the way you want to be treated. What if the person is a masochist?

'Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you' is in the context of Mohammed's constant jihads and his fratricidal followers who soon after his death set about murdering one another (still going on).

You need to know a lot about Islam's duplicitous rulings before you get the double talk of verses like this. Islam has dual ethics, meaning one set is for dealing with 'brother' Muslims and the other set is for dealing with 'despised and rejected' kafirs whom Muslims are supposed to hate 'for the sake of Allah'.

The rule of reciprocity does in no way apply to inferiors -- all kafirs.

Islam has a 'fraternity rule' (be nice to Muslims), but no Golden Rule (be nice to 'others'). This is self-serving in the extreme, as you point out.

The Koran 28:86 says, "Therefore lend not thou support in any way to those who reject Allah's Message."

Muslims may not observe the code of reciprocity with outsiders, who are to be 1) slain, 2) enslaved or 3) pay protection money for the privilege of living as conquered peoples in a permanent state of subjugation and persecution. (Koran 9.29)

The Golden Rule actually goes back to Socrates, the ancient Greek philosopher, who discussed The Ideal and the Universal; timeless truths. Socrates was the teacher of Plato who continued to expound on Socratic concepts and who wrote down and preserved the teachings of Socrates for posterity. Much of Christian ethical and religious teaching is found in Socratic and Platonic concepts. It is an accepted assumption among theologians and religious historians that Jesus Christ was influenced by Socrates and Plato. He was obviously familiar with both of these philosophers as were all of the learned thinkers of his day.

anon19279 - Judaism also applies different rules to Jews and non-Jews. Having different ethical standards, or different religious laws, for different groups doesn't necessarily go against the concept of the Golden Rule. In the strictest sense, perhaps. But in the looser sense of being good to your neighbor, as I argue the Golden Rule at its core is meant to do, having different ethical codes does not necessarily mean one cannot also promote the concept of the Golden Rule. I also don't think this is a debate solely left to religion. Isn't it part of human nature to protect one's own? Whether you define one's own in terms of religion, race, nationality, gender? I think it's part of our animal instinct.

Nowhere in the Koran is there an expression of the Golden Rule, therefore, it is of no importance in Islam and Muslims have no reason to observe it. Since Islam's most important message to humanity (the Noble Koran) does not contain the Golden Rule, it is logical that it was unimportant to Allah. This explains why he entirely omitted it from the Koran. The Golden Rule is held to be central by all religions except Islam. Muslims are surprised to learn their faith does not teach it.

There is however, a very restricted version of the principle of reciprocity found in the Hadiths. The Hadiths are a non-binding collection of sayings and acts of Mohammed and his companions. They

Islamic reciprocity is restricted to interactions between Muslim "brothers". (An non-Muslim is not to be addressed as "brother" by a Muslim.)

The Hadith quotes Mohammed as saying: "None of you [truly] believes until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself." (Number 13 of Imam al-Nawawi's "Forty Hadiths.)

Other Hadiths clarify the limitation of reciprocity to relations between Muslim brothers:

Bukhari 9,85,83 Mohammed said: "A Muslim is a brother to other Muslims. He should never oppress them nor should he facilitate their oppression."

Bukhari 8,73,70 Mohammed said: "Harming a Muslim is an evil act; killing a Muslim means rejecting Allah."

Finally, the Koran itself makes it clear that brotherhood applies only towards other Muslims: (Koran 48:29) : "Muhammad is the messenger of Allah; and those who are with him are harsh against Unbelievers, (but) compassionate amongst each other."

Islam divides the entire world into Islam and the Kafirs (unbelievers) and has two separate sets of ethics for each sphere.

The basis of the Golden Rule is the universal equality of all humankind, regardless of their religion, race or origin. It does not say: Do unto some persons, as you would have them do unto you, but do unto all persons as you would have them do unto you.

Islam denies the universality of the Golden Rule because Islam starts with the division of all humanity, into two different groups: Islamic and non-Islamic. Every aspect of Islamic ethics is based upon this separation, thus Islam has two different ethical codes.

This is perhaps the strongest argument against Islam: The Golden Rule is missing from the Koran.

Hi Laurie,

I wrote this article so let me take your question. I gave the quote, but I don't think that the Islamic interpretation of the Golden rule would be considered any more self serving than any other version. Truly do unto others as you'd have them do unto you seems very similar to me as Hurt no one so no one hurts you. Yes, there may be a slight emphasis on self, but there are plenty of places in Islamic teachings and text that stress a peaceful and cooperative existence with one's neighbors. That is not to say that either version can't be interpreted in a self-serving way, or that anyone from any religious background may interpret certain

I would not characterize my POV on this article as agreeing with an interpretation that preferences the Islamic or Christian version as superior or somehow more self-involved. If you're interested in Islam, wiseGEEK has a number of articles on the site. What is Islam?, and What are the Five Pillars of Islam? are great places to start.

i am trying to draw a clear comparison with the Golden Rule in Christianity and your reference in Islam. It would seem the Islamic interpretation is self-serving as opposed to all other religions - so you see it that way?

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What is the Golden Rule? (with pictures) - wiseGEEK

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Golden Rule: Treat People as You’d Like to Be Treated

Posted: at 11:01 am

By Cherie Burbach

Updated May 07, 2015.

One of the key principles in getting along with people is the Golden Rule. It helps you relate to people and gives you and instant guide to follow when it comes to your behavior.The Golden Rule is generally defined as treating others as you would like to be treated. Many religions have a version of this life philosophy, which provides a basic approach on how to interact with others. Specifically, the Bible says that "as you wish that others would do to you, do so to them" (Luke 6:31).

Why Don't More People Practice the Golden Rule?

In terms of friendship, the Golden Rule provides a guide on how to be a friend. If you want someone to laugh with, care about, and be there for you, then you need to do this for other people. Why then, is this so difficult for people to grasp? After all, if everyone lived by this rule, there would be no conflict or hurt feelings between friends.

One possible reason is that people don't always know how to treat themselves, and as a result treat others poorly as well.

Perhaps they had a hard time with self-esteem or did not receive the unconditional love that every child should have. Learning the Golden Rule as an adult may take some time in that case, and a friendship or two may end because of poor behavior. When the person realizes what it takes to be a true friend, his or her behavior changes and strong friendships can be built.

Another reason people ignore the golden rule is that they don't see the benefit in "giving" to someone else. They view generosity of spirit as an emotional cost that they don't feel will ever be returned. Folks like these often want to be on the receiving end of the Golden Rule but don't reciprocate.

The Golden Rule and Social Grace

While the Golden Rule is the guide for kindness toward others, social grace expands on that to include manners and etiquette in society. Things like making proper introductions and maintaining good cell phone etiquette fall under the heading of social grace, while listening and being empathetic falls under the Golden Rule. The difference is that social grace is the outward behavior toward a stranger, and the Golden Rule is what happens with your heart.

For example, you might introduce someone properly and make small talk with them at a party, which is perfectly acceptable in terms of social grace. But to take that same scenario further and relate it to the Golden Rule, you would give that same person the benefit of the doubt, refrain from gossip, and treat them well not because someone at the party expects you to, but because you genuinely want to.

The Golden Rule and Arguments

When you look at arguments from the perspective of the Golden Rule, it means you treat your friend with respect even when you're angry. You don't send off a nasty email to them or call them out in front of other friends, but you wait until the two of you are alone and can discuss things calmly (or at least, privately.)

Sometimes people try and manipulate others not involved in the argument to get "on their side" when they have an argument with a friend. They might tell their side of things to as many people as they can in an effort to get sympathy, and they pull others in before their friend can even respond. Behaving in this way can add a sticking point to whatever the original argument was about, and may serve as a catalyst to end the friendship. When a friend cannot apply the Golden Rule to arguments, the other friend may just step back from the relationship because there is no respect there.

How to Use the Golden Rule as a Guide in Your Friendship

One of the best things about the Golden Rule is that it can change your relationships for the better, with a simple change in perspective. To use this rule as a guide for your friendship:

Using the Golden Rule will help you have better friendships, but it must start with you. Change your approach and attitude, and your actions will follow.

Also Known As: respect, do unto others

Examples:

"Claire just went off on Judy in front of everyone. I doubt she would have appreciated that if Judy had done that to her. Time for a little lesson on the Golden Rule."

"I just got a lesson in the Golden Rule when Jane stood me up for our lunch date. I've done that to her about five times in the past. Now I know what it feels like."

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Golden Rule: Treat People as You'd Like to Be Treated

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Our MPs | Liberal Party of Canada

Posted: at 11:00 am

Justin Trudeau is the Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada.

Justin was first elected to Parliament in the Montreal riding of Papineau in 2008, defying political insiders who believed that a federalist candidate would have little chance against an incumbent member of the Bloc Qubcois. For Justin, the people of Papineau 50 percent of whom speak neither French nor English as their mother tongue exemplify Canadas rich diversity, evolving identity, and the struggle for equality of opportunity. He has served the hard working middle class families and small businesses of his constituency, who, in recent years, have faced economic challenges. He has worked alongside local community organisations by bringing together different cultures and religions, and establishing local initiatives on social issues, the environment, and the arts.

As a Member of Parliament, Justin has had many responsibilities including the Liberal Party Critic for Youth, Post-Secondary Education, Amateur Sports, Multiculturalism, and Citizenship and Immigration. Furthermore, he previously sat on the Parliamentary Committees on Environment and Sustainable Development and Citizenship and Immigration.

As a Parliamentarian, and prior to that, Justin travelled the country and met with Canadians in every region, consistently speaking about shared values, the importance of youth empowerment, protecting our wilderness, and living up to our place in the world. Some of Justins proudest accomplishments include his advocacy for victims of the earthquake in Haiti in 2010, his activism to protect the Nahanni river in the Northwest Territories in 2005 and holding the post of chair of Katimavik, Canadas national youth service program, from 2002 to 2006.

At the heart of Justins professional achievements whether as a math and French teacher in British Columbia, or his leadership role in Katimavik, or even his strong defense of Quebec as a Member of Parliament is a deep respect for Canadians from coast to coast to coast and his desire to serve them.

On April 14, 2013, Justin was elected Leader of the Liberal Party of Canada in the most open and accessible leadership election in Canadian history, in which tens of thousands of Canadians participated.

Justin has a Bachelor of Arts degree from McGill University, and a Bachelor of Education degree from the University of British Columbia. He was born on December 25, 1971, the eldest son of the late former Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau and Margaret Sinclair Trudeau Kemper. Justin is married to Sophie Grgoire. The couple welcomed their first child, Xavier James Trudeau on October 18, 2007 and added to their family with the arrival of Ella-Grace Trudeau on February 5, 2009, and Hadrien Trudeau on February 28, 2014.

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Our MPs | Liberal Party of Canada

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What’s a Conservative Ideology and What’s a Liberal Ideology?

Posted: at 11:00 am

Updated on February 9, 2011

I used to carpool with an old, blind professor to the small college I attended and he use to tell me, paraphrasing Gore Vidal, that politics came from two words: poli, meaning many, and tics, meaning blood sucking vermin. Unfortunately, his somewhat suspect etymology, while proving technically untenable, has turned out to be largely correct in principle.

In American politics, where power has become everything, ideology has become a bastard step-child. American politicians think more about how they can fool the masses or get around popular democracy to further their ends than they do about what they truly believe in, if they actually believe in anything?

Of course, it is not my intent to sweep every single politician under the bus with a broad brush, so for this hub it must be understood that I am speaking in general terms.

There are two major ideologies in American politics. Understanding these helps us understand each other politically and enables us to make sense of what at times seems senseless. These ideologies are labeled conservative and liberal. Although these terms have changed definitions over the years, I will use them as they are currently defined.

If you took a strip of paper that was blue on one end and gradually changed colors until it was red at the other end, you would end up with a spectrum of colors. At some point toward the center of the strip you could get into a few arguments as to whether the color was red, purple, or blue. It is that way with the liberal and conservative ideologies, so I will be concentrating on the ends of the strip, so to speak, and not the middle.

At the core of it, Conservatives base there ideology on what they see as reason and logic and it is individualistic by nature, whereas a liberal's ideology is based on emotion and ideals and is collective by nature. A liberal is interested in curing society's ills by social engineering. A conservative is interested in curing society's ills by individuals exercising their own choices to better themselves. Because of this, conservatives view centralized power with deep suspicion. Liberals on the other hand see centralized power as an opportunity to affect great change for good.

Because of the fundamental differences in the way conservatives and liberals approach the solutions to society's challenges, it should come as no surprise that they have radically different views on the role of government.

The Liberal View

A liberal wants the government deeply involved in our lives. It is often seen as a parent to us allor the big tent. They believe that the government can force society to confront its ills and legislate and enforce the cures. A liberal point of view diminishes the individual's responsibility and believes people are victims or victimizers. This point of view does not see individuals as having power to rise above their circumstances in large numbers and therefore a savior must be found to "level the playing field."

They point to the example of the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Without government intervention, they argue, the rights of minorities would never have been acknowledged nor would there be equal rights for all. In fact the civil rights movement is the basis of the modern liberal's political ideology, and proof that it is essentially correct.

This conviction motivates them to use all means available to impose their vision of goodness on the masses. If they can't get the populous to support their agenda then they will get the courts to legislate it. This is because they firmly believe that their agenda is for the greater good of society.

Liberalism is naturally sympathetic with socialism and suspicious of individualism and even though it shares the same long-term goals as conservatism it's approach, as you can see, is radically different.

The Conservative View

Even though the conservatives share with liberals the desire for a better society, they differ sharply in what role the government should play. In a nutshell, conservatives view the role of government as "the less the better." Since they see the combined strength and sufficiency of the individual as the only honest cure for society they believe that the role of government should be restricted to functions that support and protect individual liberty. They are very suspicious of government interference in individual rights, and they do not see differences in socioeconomic groups as a bad thing since, in their view, it is every individual's right to change those circumstances by choice and action.

They view the government's attempts at redistribution of wealth through its tax codes, its interference in commerce by regulations, and its welfare entitlements as enabling individuals to shirk responsibility for their own lives and rely on the government to take care of them. They reason that the more the government takes responsibility for his or her well being away from the individual, the weaker and more dependent society will become.

At this point in American politics the two ideologies have taken a back seat to power, but if they were brought to bear on our government which would be the best: Socialist Democracy, or an independent go-it-alone capitalist democracy? I would submit to you that the extremes of both ideologies are dangerous and would deepen problems in American society and that one, tempered with the other, might be the best ideology of all.

For example: if we have a struggling class in America, we could provided training opportunities for people who wanted to succeed and would put forth efforts on their own behalf instead of entitlement programs that accomplish nothing and consume copious amounts of money? Along with such programs would also come the responsibility for the recipients to put forth efforts on behalf of their own welfare.

We need to have a heart that includes tough love and foresight, one that looks at America's opportunities and does not retreat into a defensive posture from the world around it. One that can realize the true nature of the threats against America and America's way of life. Not a vision that feels good at the thought of America sinking down to the level of the third world, but instead one that forges on a head and shows the way for the third world to follow.

America must continue to provide unparalleled opportunities, but not bend to whiners and self proclaimed victims who want to short-cut the system and reap benefits they never earned. We must in sympathy try to teach fishing, quit giving fish and realize that poverty is not always the rich or the government's fault. But we must not march on, leaving people behind who, with a little instruction and help, can become productive and successful. In doing this we must also have the heart firm enough to leave those behind who refuse all help and demand instead to be fed from the public coffer's without a contribution of their own.

We must leave classism, racism, and bigotry behind, regardless if it is the old-school-hard-hearted variety wacky right, or the soft feel-good, guilt-washing, variety of the wacky left. No class of Americans should be punished or be held back based on the color of their skin in order to "even the score." We need to let go of power and take hold of responsibility; quit giving the media oracle status, and get the job done.

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What's a Conservative Ideology and What's a Liberal Ideology?

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SeaLand :: Shipping Made Simple

Posted: at 11:00 am

Manage your shipments using "My Shipments"

On the My SeaLand you'll find, at a glance, an overview of all your current, future and past shipments.

We have improved the way you make a booking in a number of ways.

Fill in shipping instructions using our simple 5-step wizard. If the Duplicate Shipment feature was used during the booking creation, you will find that details are already updated, but may be edited. By detailed information about the payment terms, you can be assured that the invoice will go to the right party. Preview your bill of lading to ensure everything is correct before submitting. Access, approve or amend your verify copy online and print your bill of lading.

MyFinance is comprised of four key functions: eInvoice, eDispute, eStatement and ePayment, (ePayment is only available in North America). With these features you can view, download and print financial documents in a variety of formats anytime, day or night with no waiting or having to pick up the phone. Best of all, you can take control of your company's finances and increase efficiency.

In the Shipment Binder you will have all information about the transport plan.

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SeaLand :: Shipping Made Simple

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